CN106177057A - 一种治疗高血压和血栓的中药组合物 - Google Patents

一种治疗高血压和血栓的中药组合物 Download PDF

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CN106177057A
CN106177057A CN201610703425.8A CN201610703425A CN106177057A CN 106177057 A CN106177057 A CN 106177057A CN 201610703425 A CN201610703425 A CN 201610703425A CN 106177057 A CN106177057 A CN 106177057A
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仲崇庆
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种治疗高血压和血栓的中药组合物,其由以下重量份的原料药制成:佛手3‑9、黄芩3‑10、桑白皮5‑15、牡蛎9‑30、桑叶5‑9、葛根9‑15、白芍5‑15、牛膝6‑15、砂仁3‑6、连翘6‑15、香橼3‑9、夏枯草9‑15、栀子3‑10、茵陈6‑15、钩藤3‑12、酸枣仁9‑15、地骨皮6‑15、玉竹6‑12、桑寄生9‑15。

Description

一种治疗高血压和血栓的中药组合物
一技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,具体地说,本发明涉及治疗高血压和血栓的中药组合物。
二背景技术
目前中国心脑血管疾病的总发病率和死亡率已接近发达国家的水平,居中国人死亡原因之首(中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告2015国家卫生与计划生育委员会官网),而高血压和血栓类疾病是其中的前两位的危险因素。
高血压病是一种原因尚未完全阐明,以体循环动脉压增高为特征,可伴有心脏、血管、脑和肾等器官功能性或器质性改变的全身性疾病。高血压最大的危害是引发心血管病发生。目前全球高血压患病数大约为12亿,其中40~70岁的高血压患者,收缩压每升高20mmHg或舒张压每升高10mmHg,心血管发病危险增加2倍。据2012年卫计委组织的全国居民营养与健康状况调查显示(卫计委网站),中国≥18岁居民高血压患病率为18.8%,估计全国患病数1.6亿。与1991年比较,患病率上升31%。因此,有效治疗高血压,降低心血管病发生的风险是医学界关注的热点。
血栓性疾病也是一类严重危害人类健康和生命的疾病,可累及全身各个器官及系统,其发病率、致残率和死亡率都很高。血栓是指血液成分在血液流动过程中,在血管或心脏内膜表面形成的一种半凝块状物质。促使血栓形成的因素很多,主要有血管内皮损伤、内外凝血系统异常和血流动力学异常等。
目前西医无标准的高血压病治疗方法。临床上一般可采用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂或噻嗪类利尿剂治疗(如硝苯地平片香雪制药股份有限公司等主要成分为硝苯地平片)。但是,一方面,这些药物的长期有效性和安全性评价研究仍需进行,另一方面,患者对常用西药降压药产生不同程度的耐药性。现有的西药溶栓药物的主要作用机制是直接或间接激活纤维蛋白溶酶原,使其转变为纤维蛋白溶酶(如厄贝沙坦片 赛诺菲 主要成分为厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪),纤溶酶可以溶解血栓中的纤维蛋白,从而溶解血栓。但此类药物比较容易引起出血并发症,造成皮肤、精神、血液、心血管、泌尿等系统的很多不良反应。
高血压和血栓经常由于血脂等原因共同发生,而且两者共同出现会相互促进造成更大的健康风险。现有西药的作用均为单纯的降压或溶栓,现有市售中成药也没有能同时起两种作用的品种(如杜仲降压片康普药业股份有限公司主要成为为杜仲、益母草、夏枯草、黄岑、钩藤;复方血栓通胶囊广东众生药业股份有限公司主要成分为三七、黄芪、丹参、玄参),有部分专利申请声称能同时降压和溶栓,但并无严谨确切的数据证明同时具有这两种作用。
三发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明提供了一种能同时治疗高血压和血栓的中药组合物,在传统降压和溶栓中药材,如夏枯草、牡蛎、黄芩等的基础上,通过合理配伍,实现了确切的降压和溶栓功效,而且无明显毒副作用。对于心血管疾病的长期防治和治疗有着良好的效果。
一方面,本发明提供了一种用于治疗高血压和血栓的中药组合物,包括以下重量份的原料:佛手3-9、黄芩3-10、香橼3-9、夏枯草9-15、酸枣仁9-15。
进一步的方面,本发明提供的一种用于治疗高血压和血栓的中药组合物,由以下重量份的原料药制成:佛手3-9、黄芩3-10、桑白皮5-15、牡蛎9-30、桑叶5-9、葛根9-15、白芍5-15、牛膝6-15、砂仁3-6、连翘6-15、香橼3-9、夏枯草9-15、栀子3-10、茵陈6-15、钩藤3-12、酸枣仁9-15、地骨皮6-15、玉竹6-12、桑寄生9-15。
进一步的方面,本发明提供的一种用于治疗高血压和血栓的中药组合物,由以下重量份的原料药制成:佛手5、黄芩10、桑白皮5、牡蛎25、桑叶5、葛根15、白芍15、牛膝10、砂仁3、连翘6、香橼3、夏枯草15、栀子10、茵陈9、钩藤3、酸枣仁9、地骨皮15、玉竹12、桑寄生9。
另一方面,本发明提供了所述治疗高血压和血栓的中药组合物的制备方法,包括步骤:
按重量份称取各种药材;
将黄芩、牡蛎、葛根、夏枯草、茵陈、地骨皮加40%的乙醇提取3次,每次加醇量为药材总重量的10倍,每次提取时间为1.5小时,合并提取液,回收乙醇至无醇味,得到醇提液;
将佛手、桑白皮、桑叶、白芍、牛膝、砂仁、连翘、香橼、栀子、钩藤、酸枣仁、玉竹、桑寄生加水提取3次,每次加水量分别为药材总重量的10倍量,每次提取时间为3小时,合并提取液,浓缩至相对密度为1.25,加入乙醇使含醇量为40体积%,混匀,放置24小时,取上清液,回收乙醇至无醇味,得到水提浓缩液;
将所得醇提液和水提浓缩液混合,得到中药组合物。
四具体实施方式
实施例1本发明中药组合物的制备
按重量份称取各种药材:佛手5、黄芩10、桑白皮5、牡蛎25、桑叶5、葛根15、白芍15、牛膝10、砂仁3、连翘6、香橼3、夏枯草15、栀子10、茵陈9、钩藤3、酸枣仁9、地骨皮15、玉竹12、桑寄生9;
将黄芩、牡蛎、葛根、夏枯草、茵陈、地骨皮加40%的乙醇提取3次,每次加醇量为药材总重量的10倍,每次提取时间为1.5小时,合并提取液,回收乙醇至无醇味,得到醇提液;
将佛手、桑白皮、桑叶、白芍、牛膝、砂仁、连翘、香橼、栀子、钩藤、酸枣仁、玉竹、桑寄生加水提取3次,每次加水量分别为药材总重量的10倍量,每次提取时间为3小时,合并提取液,浓缩至相对密度为1.25,加入乙醇使含醇量为40体积%,混匀,放置24小时,取上清液,回收乙醇至无醇味,得到水提浓缩液;
将所得醇提液和水提浓缩液混合,得到中药组合物。
实施例2本发明中药组合物的降血压效果实验
病例选择:
西医诊断标准:高血病诊断参考1999年世界卫生组织及国际高血压协会(WHO/ISH)高血压处理指南(第四次修订版);高血压病分期标准按照世界卫生组织分期标准,将高血压病分为3级。
中医证候诊断标准:痰瘀互结,毒损心络证:主症:眩晕、头痛、头如裹、胸闷、胸痛、咳吐痰涎、口唇指甲紫暗、舌下络脉青紫。舌质暗,有瘀点或瘀斑,苔白腻,脉弦滑或沉涩或结代。次症:心悸、失眠、口淡、食少,体胖。
选择60例年龄18-60岁之间,高血压病程2年以上,选择符合西医诊断标准1、2级高血压并符合中医证候诊断标准的患者。将其平均分为3组。测量各组患者的血甘油三酯和总胆固醇值,60名患者中有甘油三酯或总胆固醇值超标的为48名,其分布在三组中无统计显著差异。
用药方案:
组1:杜仲降压片康普药业股份有限公司按说明书一次1.5g,一日三次;
组2:硝苯地平片香雪制药股份有限公司按说明书10mg一次一日三次;
组3:按实施例1制备的本发明中药组合物,每次300ml,早晚各一次;
连续用药三个月,期间不使用其他药物和降压保健品,三月后进行疗效评价。
症状评分使用杜氏高血压量表,从53个客观症状和主观感觉方面评价治疗效果。
高血压疗效判定:
临床控制:血压降至正常范围,临床症状消失或症状积分减少90%以上,理化检查指标恢复正常;
显效:血压、降至正常,或舒张压虽未降至正常但达20mmHg以上,临床症状体征大部消失,或积分值减少≥70%,理化检查接近正常;
有效:血压下降≥10mmHg,并达到正常范围,或舒张压虽未降至正常,但较治疗前下降10-19mmHg,但未达到正常范围,或收缩压较治疗前下降30mmHg以上;临床症状体征好转,或积分值减少4-69%之间;理化检查好转;
无效:未达到以上标准者;
表1 各药物降压效果
临床控制 显效 有效 无效
组1 1 7 7 5
组2 5 10 4 0
组3 4 8 6 2
组2一名患者在第2个月由于严重水肿退出实验。
从表1可以看出本发明中药组合物的效果明显好于控制高血压常用的中成药杜仲降压片,与硝苯地平片差距也不大,而且无论原理上还是实践中在安全性/副作用上比硝苯地平有优势。
血脂疗效评价:计算各组血总胆固醇和甘油三酯的平均数±标准差
表2 各药物对血脂的影响
总胆固醇mmol/L 甘油三酯mmol/L
组1 7.2±1.7 2.2±1.5
组2 10.1±1.4 3.0±1.2
组3 7.4±1.3 2.1±2.0
从表2可以看出,虽然缺乏与实验开始时的数据的比较,仍然可以明确看出,杜仲降压片和本发明的中药组合物均有一定的降血脂作用,这方面效果优于硝苯地平片。
实施例3体内血栓形成实验
取40只SD大鼠(体重200-250g,雌雄各半),随机均分为5组;将丝线用生理盐水浸泡后称重,穿入聚乙烯管中,两端各留1cm,用60u/ml肝素灌注;大鼠禁食24h后灌胃药液/生理盐水;乙醚麻醉后,在颈总动脉处放置动脉夹,动脉将聚乙烯管两端插入颈动脉和颈外静脉;灌胃2h后,打开动脉夹,让血流流过插管;15min后取出插管内丝线和血凝块,吸干,称重,减去丝线重量即为血栓重量,计算各组的均数±标准差。
用药方案:
组1:厄贝沙坦片(赛诺菲),一片磨成粉,溶于250ml水中,取0.5ml灌胃;
组2:复方血栓通胶囊(广东众生药业股份有限公司),两个胶囊内的粉末,溶于250ml水,取0.5ml灌胃;
组3:灌胃0.5ml按实施例1制备的本发明中药组合物;
组4:灌胃0.5ml生理盐水;
实验结果:
表3:各种药物对血栓形成的影响
血栓重量mg
组1 7.28±1.44
组2 12.97±1.23
组3 10.56±2.61
组4 14.22±2.32
从表3可见:虽然效果不如专用的抗血栓西药,但本发明的中药组合物具有确切的抗血栓作用。尤其可贵的是,这种确切的抗血栓作用是在确切的降血压作用的同时实现的,目前并无有这两种确切效果的被中药公开。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于治疗高血压和血栓的中药组合物,包括以下重量份的原料:佛手3-9、黄芩3-10、香橼3-9、夏枯草9-15、酸枣仁9-15。
2.权利要求1所述的中药组合物,由以下重量份的原料药制成:佛手3-9、黄芩3-10、桑白皮5-15、牡蛎9-30、桑叶5-9、葛根9-15、白芍5-15、牛膝6-15、砂仁3-6、连翘6-15、香橼3-9、夏枯草9-15、栀子3-10、茵陈6-15、钩藤3-12、酸枣仁9-15、地骨皮6-15、玉竹6-12、桑寄生9-15。
3.权利要求2所述的中药组合物,由以下重量份的原料药制成:佛手5、黄芩10、桑白皮5、牡蛎25、桑叶5、葛根15、白芍15、牛膝10、砂仁3、连翘6、香橼3、夏枯草15、栀子10、茵陈9、钩藤3、酸枣仁9、地骨皮15、玉竹12、桑寄生9。
4.权利要求1-3任一项的中药组合物的制备方法,包括步骤:
按重量份称取各种药材;
将黄芩、牡蛎、葛根、夏枯草、茵陈、地骨皮加40%的乙醇提取3次,每次加醇量为药材总重量的10倍,每次提取时间为1.5小时,合并提取液,回收乙醇至无醇味,得到醇提液;将佛手、桑白皮、桑叶、白芍、牛膝、砂仁、连翘、香橼、栀子、钩藤、酸枣仁、玉竹、桑寄生加水提取3次,每次加水量分别为药材总重量的10倍量,每次提取时间为3小时,合并提取液,浓缩至相对密度为1.25,加入乙醇使含醇量为40体积%,混匀,放置24小时,取上清液,回收乙醇至无醇味,得到水提浓缩液;
将所得醇提液和水提浓缩液混合,得到中药组合物。
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