CN106154658B - 阵列基板、显示面板、显示装置及显示面板的设计方法 - Google Patents

阵列基板、显示面板、显示装置及显示面板的设计方法 Download PDF

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CN106154658B
CN106154658B CN201610852431.XA CN201610852431A CN106154658B CN 106154658 B CN106154658 B CN 106154658B CN 201610852431 A CN201610852431 A CN 201610852431A CN 106154658 B CN106154658 B CN 106154658B
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高吉磊
刘金良
张杨
蒋学兵
孙松梅
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Hefei Xinsheng Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Hefei Xinsheng Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G09G3/3607—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals for displaying colours or for displaying grey scales with a specific pixel layout, e.g. using sub-pixels
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Abstract

本发明提供一种阵列基板、显示面板、显示装置及显示面板的设计方法，该阵列基板包括多个像素单元，每一像素单元包括多个子像素，其中，每一子像素包括一像素电极，每一所述像素电极包括呈梳齿状的多个条状子像素电极，一个所述像素单元的多个子像素中，存在至少两个子像素，所述至少两个子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度不同，和/或，所述至少两个子像素的条状子像素电极的间距不同。即针对像素单元中的不同子像素，可以设计不同的条状子像素电极的宽度和/或所述条状子像素电极的间距，以根据需要提高子像素的透过率，增加色彩调节的动态范围，提高色彩饱和度，使得包含该阵列基板的显示装置画质更佳。

Description

阵列基板、显示面板、显示装置及显示面板的设计方法
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种阵列基板、显示面板、显示装置及显示面板的设计方法。
背景技术
目前平板显示器中的主流之一是薄膜晶体管液晶显示(TFT-LCD)面板，具有体积小、功耗低、无辐射、制造成本低等优点。随着显示行业的发展和人民物质水平的提高，对显示的要求也越来越高，对画质和色彩饱和度的要求也更加苛刻。
传统的液晶显示面板具有多个呈矩阵式排列的像素，每一像素又包括红(R)、绿(G)、蓝(B)三个子像素。由于现有技术中所采用的R、G、B彩色滤光片都是吸收型色层，当光线入射时，只有相应颜色的光才能透过，而另外两种颜色的光均被吸收，使得显示面板的透光率较低，且R、G、B子像素本身的透过率高低不一。由此，出现了在一个像素内形成红、绿、蓝、白(White，W)四个子像素的显示技术。其中，W子像素不添加色层，通过控制其对应的灰阶来控制该W子像素的透光量，可以提高显示面板的透光率。目前，具有RGBW四个子像素的液晶显示面板已经在LCD显示器中广泛使用，但该类显示面板由于W子像素的加入，导致人眼观察到的彩色画面的色彩饱和度(Color Saturation)降低，色彩不够鲜艳，且显示的画面出现泛白的状况。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种阵列基板、显示面板、显示装置及显示面板的设计方法，用于解决现有的显示面板色彩饱和度低的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种阵列基板，包括多个像素单元，每一像素单元包括多个子像素，其中，每一子像素包括一像素电极，每一所述像素电极包括呈梳齿状的多个条状子像素电极，一个所述像素单元的多个子像素中，存在至少两个子像素，所述至少两个子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度W不同，和/或，所述至少两个子像素的条状子像素电极的间距S不同。
优选地，所述至少两个子像素中的条状子像素电极的条数不同。
优选地，一个所述像素单元的多个子像素中，存在至少一个子像素，所述至少一个子像素中的所述条状子像素电极的宽度W和所述条状子像素电极的间距S的比例小于1。
优选地，一个所述像素单元的多个子像素中至少包括红色子像素、绿色子像素和蓝色子像素。
优选地，一个所述像素单元的多个子像素中还包括白色子像素。
优选地，所述红色子像素的条状子像素电极的间距大于所述绿色子像素的条状子像素电极的间距，所述蓝色子像素的条状子像素电极的间距小于所述绿色子像素的条状子像素电极的间距。
优选地，所述白色子像素的条状子像素电极的间距等于所述绿色子像素的条状子像素电极的间距，且所述白色子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度等于所述绿色子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度。
优选地，包含所述阵列基板的显示面板的光程差为275，所述红色子像素和蓝色子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度小于所述绿色子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度。
本发明还提供一种显示面板，包括上述阵列基板。
优选地，所述显示面板的透过率大于预设阈值。
本发明还提供一种显示装置，包括上述显示面板。
本发明还提供一种显示面板的设计方法，所述显示面板包括阵列基板，所述阵列包括多个像素单元，每一像素单元包括多个子像素，其中，每一子像素包括一像素电极，每一所述像素电极包括呈梳齿状的多个条状子像素电极，所述方法包括：
测试步骤：对显示面板的透过率进行测试，判断所述显示面板的透过率是否达到预设阈值；
确定步骤：当所述显示面板的透过率达到预设阈值时，将当前显示面板作为标准显示面板；
调整步骤：当所述显示面板的透过率未达到预设阈值时，调整所述阵列基板的像素单元中的至少一个子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度W，和/或，调整至少一个子像素的所述条状子像素电极的间距S，之后返回所述测试步骤。
本发明的上述技术方案的有益效果如下：
针对像素单元中的不同子像素，可以设计不同的条状子像素电极的宽度W和/或所述条状子像素电极的间距S，以根据需要提高子像素的透过率，增加色彩调节的动态范围，提高色彩饱和度，使得包含该阵列基板的显示装置画质更佳。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中的一ADS模式的阵列基板的结构示意图；
图2为图1中的像素电极的剖面示意图；
图3是ADS模式的显示面板中的条状子像素电极的间距S固定，条状子像素电极的宽度W不同时的透过率模拟曲线示意图；
图4、图5和图6，分别是ADS模式的显示面板中的条状子像素电极的宽度W固定，条状子像素电极的间距S不同时的透过率模拟曲线示意图；
图7为一显示面板中的R、G、B子像素在不同光程差下的透过率曲线示意图；
图8为本发明实施例的阵列基板的一结构示意图。
具体实施方式
请参考图1，图1为现有技术中的一ADS模式的阵列基板的结构示意图，该阵列基板包括：多条栅线102和多条数据线104，所述栅线102和数据线104交叉设置，并限定出多个像素单元，每一像素单元包括红色(R)子像素、绿色(G)子像素、蓝色(B)子像素和白色(W)子像素，每一子像素包括公共电极101、像素电极105以及薄膜晶体管，图1中，103为薄膜晶体管的有源层。像素电极105包括呈梳齿状的多个条状子像素电极，以增加边缘场效果。请参考图2，图2为图1中的像素电极的剖面示意图。
其中，条状子像素电极的宽度W和条状子像素电极的间距S是决定包含该阵列基板的显示面板的透过率的重要参数，下面以具体实验来说明。
请参考图3，图3是ADS模式的显示面板中的条状子像素电极的间距S固定，条状子像素电极的宽度W不同时的透过率模拟曲线示意图，图3中，横坐标为条状子像素电极的间距S，单位为μm，纵坐标为显示面板的透过率T，图3中包括W分别为3μm，4μm和5μm时显示面板的透过率模拟曲线，从图3中可以看出，在条状子像素电极的间距S固定的情况下，条状子像素电极的宽度W的值越大，透过率越低。
请参考图4、图5和图6，分别是ADS模式的显示面板中的条状子像素电极的宽度W固定，条状子像素电极的间距S不同时的透过率模拟曲线示意图。图4、图5和图6中，横坐标为加载至像素电极的电压，纵坐标为显示面板的透过率T。
图4是当条状子像素电极的宽度W为3μm时，分别对条状子像素电极的间距S＝5μm、6μm、7μm的显示面板施加6.5V、7.5V、8V的像素电压时，显示面板的透过率曲线示意图，从图4中可以看出，条状子像素电极的间距S＝6μm的显示面板的透过率全面优于S＝5μm和S＝7μm的显示面板的透过率，且条状子像素电极的间距S＝6μm的显示面板的透过率对像素电压的变化趋势也比较稳定。当条状子像素电极的间距S＝5μm时，显示面板的透过率随电压变化过大，可能会引起反转问题。当条状子像素电极的间距为7μm时，显示面板的透过率比6μm时低10％左右。
图5是当条状子像素电极的宽度W为3.5μm时，分别对条状子像素电极的间距S＝5μm、6μm、7μm的显示面板施加6.5V、7.5V、8V的像素电压时，显示面板的透过率曲线示意图，从图5中可以看出，条状子像素电极的间距S＝7μm时透过率最高，同时也比较稳定。
图6是当条状子像素电极的宽度W为4μm时，分别对条状子像素电极的间距S＝5μm、6μm、7μm的显示面板施加6.5V、7.5V、8V的像素电压时，显示面板的透过率曲线示意图，从图6中可以看出，条状子像素电极的间距S＝7μm的显示面板的透过率全面优于S＝5μm和S＝6μm的显示面板的透过率。
显示面板中的每一子像素的透过率的计算公式可以为：，其中，T为子像素的透过率，为透过光线与显示面板法线的夹角，为透过显示面板的光线的光程差，光程差主要是由液晶的折射率和显示面板的盒厚决定，为子像素透过的光的波长，从公式可以看出，相同的光程差下，不同颜色的子像素的透过率也不相同。另外，不同光程差下，同一子像素的透过率也不相同。请参考图7，图7为一显示面板中的R、G、B子像素在不同光程差下的透过率曲线示意图。
从上述实验结果可以看出，条状子像素电极的宽度W和条状子像素电极的间距S是决定显示面板的透过率的重要参数，通过改变条状子像素电极的宽度W和条状子像素电极的间距S，可以改变显示面板的透过率。
因而，本发明实施例中，为了提高显示面板的透光率，提高显示面板的光彩饱和度，提供了一种阵列基板，该阵列基板包括多个像素单元，每一像素单元包括多个子像素，其中，每一子像素包括一像素电极，每一所述像素电极包括呈梳齿状的多个条状子像素电极，一个所述像素单元的多个子像素中，存在至少两个子像素，所述至少两个子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度不同，和/或，所述至少两个子像素的条状子像素电极的间距不同。
也就是说，针对像素单元中的不同子像素，可以设计不同的条状子像素电极的宽度W和/或所述条状子像素电极的间距S，以根据需要提高子像素的透过率，增加色彩调节的动态范围，提高色彩饱和度，使得包含该阵列基板的显示装置画质更佳。
上述实施例中，所述至少两个子像素中的条状子像素电极的条数可以相同，也可以不同。当所述至少两个子像素中的条状子像素电极的宽度或间距不同时，如果要达到大致相同的电极覆盖面积，至少两个子像素中的条状子像素电极的条数需要不同。
上述实施例中，一个所述像素单元的多个子像素中，存在至少一个子像素，所述至少一个子像素中的所述条状子像素电极的宽度W和所述条状子像素电极的间距S的比例小于1，条状子像素电极的宽度W和所述条状子像素电极的间距S的比例小于1，即宽度W较小，而，间距S较大，从而可进一步提高透过率。
上述实施例中，一个所述像素单元的多个子像素中至少包括红色子像素、绿色子像素和蓝色子像素。
优选地，一个所述像素单元的多个子像素中还包括白色子像素。
即，包含该阵列基板的显示面板可以是RGB显示面板，也可以是RGBW显示面板。
请参考图8，图8为本发明实施例的阵列基板的一结构示意图，所述阵列基板包括：多条栅线102和多条数据线104，所述栅线102和数据线104交叉设置，并限定出多个像素单元，每一像素单元包括红色(R)子像素、绿色(G)子像素、蓝色(B)子像素和白色(W)子像素，每一子像素包括公共电极101、像素电极105以及薄膜晶体管，图8中，103为薄膜晶体管的有源层。像素电极105包括呈梳齿状的多个条状子像素电极，以增加边缘场效果。从图8中可以看出，W子像素和G子像素的像素电极相同，具有相同条数的条状子像素电极，且条状子像素电极的宽度和条状子像素电极的间距均相同。R子像素的条状子像素电极的条数则少于W子像素和G子像素的条状子像素电极的条数，且R子像素的条状子像素电极的间距明显要大于W子像素和G子像素的条状子像素电极的间距。B子像素的条状子像素电极的条数则多于W子像素和G子像素的条状子像素电极的条数，且B子像素的条状子像素电极的间距明显要小于W子像素和G子像素的条状子像素电极的间距。
假设包含该阵列基板的显示面板的光程差为275，这时G子像素透过率较高，R、B子像素透过率较低，此时可以将R、B像素的条状子像素电极的宽度减小，以提升其像素的透过率。
本发明实施例中，通过对R、G、B子像素设计不同的条状子像素电极的宽度和/或条状子像素电极的间距，以提高R、G、B子像素的透过率，另外，可以不对W子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度和条状子像素电极的间距进行限定，灵活调节。这样显示时的红色、绿色、蓝色或者其组合色会更加明亮。即使有W子像素的冲击，色彩也较之前更为鲜艳，色彩饱和度更高。
本发明还提供一种显示面板，包括上述阵列基板。
优选地，所述显示面板的透过率大于预设阈值。
本发明还提供一种显示装置，包括上述显示面板。
本发明还提供一种显示面板的设计方法，所述显示面板包括阵列基板，所述阵列包括多个像素单元，每一像素单元包括多个子像素，其中，每一子像素包括一像素电极，每一所述像素电极包括呈梳齿状的多个条状子像素电极，所述方法包括：
测试步骤：对显示面板的透过率进行测试，判断所述显示面板的透过率是否达到预设阈值；
确定步骤：当所述显示面板的透过率达到预设阈值时，将当前显示面板作为标准显示面板；
调整步骤：当所述显示面板的透过率未达到预设阈值时，调整所述阵列基板的像素单元中的至少一个子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度W和/或所述条状子像素电极的间距S，之后返回所述测试步骤。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种阵列基板，包括多个像素单元，每一像素单元包括多个子像素，其中，每一子像素包括一像素电极，每一所述像素电极包括呈梳齿状的多个条状子像素电极，其特征在于，一个所述像素单元的多个子像素中，存在至少两个子像素，所述至少两个子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度不同，和/或，所述至少两个子像素的条状子像素电极的间距不同；
一个所述像素单元的多个子像素中至少包括红色子像素、绿色子像素和蓝色子像素；
一个所述像素单元的多个子像素中还包括白色子像素；
所述红色子像素的条状子像素电极的间距大于所述绿色子像素的条状子像素电极的间距，所述蓝色子像素的条状子像素电极的间距小于所述绿色子像素的条状子像素电极的间距；
所述白色子像素的条状子像素电极的间距等于所述绿色子像素的条状子像素电极的间距，且所述白色子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度等于所述绿色子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度；
所述至少两个子像素中的条状子像素电极的条数不同。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阵列基板，其特征在于，一个所述像素单元的多个子像素中，存在至少一个子像素，所述至少一个子像素中的所述条状子像素电极的宽度和所述条状子像素电极的间距的比例小于1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阵列基板，其特征在于，包含所述阵列基板的显示面板的光程差为275，所述红色子像素和蓝色子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度小于所述绿色子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度。
4.一种显示面板，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-3任一项所述的阵列基板。
5.根据权利要求4所述的显示面板，其特征在于，所述显示面板的透过率大于预设阈值。
6.一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求4或5所述的显示面板。
7.一种显示面板的设计方法，所述显示面板包括如权利要求1-3任一项所述的阵列基板，所述阵列基板包括多个像素单元，每一像素单元包括多个子像素，其中，每一子像素包括一像素电极，每一所述像素电极包括呈梳齿状的多个条状子像素电极，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
测试步骤：对显示面板的透过率进行测试，判断所述显示面板的透过率是否达到预设阈值；
确定步骤：当所述显示面板的透过率达到预设阈值时，将当前显示面板作为标准显示面板；
调整步骤：当所述显示面板的透过率未达到预设阈值时，调整所述阵列基板的像素单元中的至少一个子像素的条状子像素电极的宽度W，和/或，调整至少一个子像素的所述条状子像素电极的间距S，之后返回所述测试步骤。
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