CN106134983A - A kind of breeding method of glossy type cucumber female series - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method of glossy type cucumber female series Download PDFInfo
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- CN106134983A CN106134983A CN201610596371.XA CN201610596371A CN106134983A CN 106134983 A CN106134983 A CN 106134983A CN 201610596371 A CN201610596371 A CN 201610596371A CN 106134983 A CN106134983 A CN 106134983A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention discloses the breeding method of a kind of glossy type cucumber female series.The method utilizes glossy type Cucumber Germplasm to hybridize with female series Cucumber Germplasm, obtains the generation 1；Then backcross with glossy type Cucumber Germplasm for recurrent parent, it is thus achieved that first backcross generation seed, i.e. the generation 2；In the generation 3, utilize a point garden method to select to lure male sisters' friendship to carry out glossy character and female character is polymerized kind of selecting and remain.Then through luring male selfing, point observe garden and selective nursery carries out glossy female strain after purification, then through the selfing of 23 generations and get final product.The present invention is in from generation to generation 3, a point garden method is utilized to select to lure male sisters to hand over, the most effectively solve glossy character and the polymerization seed selection of female character and the contradiction reserved seed for planting, and be effectively kept the gene of more excellence the most from generation to generation, it is simple to the later stage selects the selfing line that Comprehensive Traits is excellent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to breeding method technical field, particularly to the breeding method of a kind of glossy type cucumber female series.
Background technology
Fructus Cucumidis sativi is one of important vegetable crop of China, and its yield and the output value occupy the prostatitis of vegetable crop.The most yellow
Melon has realized annually cultivating, and the stable market supply to vegetable plays an important role.The good quality and high output of Fructus Cucumidis sativi is the important mesh of breeding
Mark.The glossy degree of the Appearance Quality Traits of Fructus Cucumidis sativi such as color of the leather is to determine the important character of Fructus Cucumidis sativi situation of selling well degree, and female character is shadow
Ring the important composition character of Fructus Cucumidis sativi high yield potential.Traditional cucumber variety, is affected by h and E, and fruit surface covers wax
Powder, intensely dark pool, affect it and sell.The glossy degree of fruit is added after using white seed pumpkin grafting in recent years, but greatly
Add greatly the planting cost of Fructus Cucumidis sativi.The inherited character improved the breed is the basic of solution the problems referred to above, and polymerization advantage character is
Solve the fundamental means of this problem.
The at present research in terms of Fructus Cucumidis sativi selection-breeding has glossy type selection-breeding and a female series selection-breeding, but be a lack of effective glossy type+
The breeding method of female series.This is because China itself is without the female germ plasm resource of glossy North-China Type, Fructus Cucumidis sativi high yield to be taken into account and height
Effect, it is necessary to together with glossy to female character and peel two kinds of advantage character are aggregated to.After glossy character and the polymerization of female character,
Can there is the female plants that fruit is glossy in offspring, but does not has male flower on female plant, there is seed selection and the contradiction reserved seed for planting, is often difficult to
Reserve seed for planting, cause choosing seeds unsuccessfully, if it is narrow the most early to also result in hereditary basis for selfing.Therefore the shortage of breeding method
Constrain the selection-breeding of glossy type female series Cucumber Germplasm, and then be difficult to formulate the glossy type female series seed of Fructus Cucumidis sativi that Comprehensive Traits is excellent
Matter.
Summary of the invention
Cause hereditary basis narrow for selfing early to be difficult to reserve seed for planting after solving current glossy character and the polymerization of female character
Narrow problem, the invention provides the breeding method of a kind of glossy type cucumber female series.The method, in from generation to generation 3, utilizes a point garden
Method selects to lure male sisters to hand over, and the most effectively solves glossy character and the polymerization seed selection of female character and the contradiction reserved seed for planting, and
It is effectively kept the gene of more excellence, and then the glossy type female series new germ plasm of effective initiative the most from generation to generation.
The technical scheme is that the breeding method of a kind of glossy type cucumber female series, it is characterized in that,
(1) 1-2 from generation to generation: utilize glossy type Cucumber Germplasm (hermaphroditism) to hybridize with female series Cucumber Germplasm, obtain a generation
Seed F1, then backcrosses with glossy type Cucumber Germplasm for recurrent parent, it is thus achieved that secondary seed BC1；
(2) from generation to generation 3:
The most secondary seed divides two garden plantations, and two garden intermission seeding field planting, interval time is 7 days；First garden is first sowed
Not processing, the second garden, between 1 leaf 1 heart stage, carries out luring male process；
B. select pistillate plants labelling in the first garden, be stained with flower process promotion with CPPU solution the open same day in the first female flower
Fruit quickly expands (typically to 8-12cm length), and then character glossy to sugar-preserved gourd selects, when fruit melon starts appearance place
Glossy, i.e. it is labeled as the glossy female plants being selected in；In time growth sugar-preserved gourd is removed after selected, promote sending out of top female flower
Educate, it is simple to pollination；
C. in the second garden, selecting the 10 following all female flowers of joint, 11-17 joint occurs that continuous 3-6 saves male flower, and 18 joints are above complete
Portion be female flower (in reality, 11-12 joint may be female flower and/or male flower, and 13 joints are for male flower, and such as 12-16 saves male flower occurs,
11 joints and 17 joints are above female flower) plant carries out listing mark, destroys whole female flowers of below continuous male flower after labelling is good, promotion
The top male flower Rapid development of plant；
D. on the plant after the process selected in the second garden, male flower is open, carries out with the female glossy plant in the first garden
Hybridization pollination, and listing mark；
E. when in the second garden, labelling plant top female flower development becomes commodity melon, it is judged that its peel is the most glossy, if glossy,
According to listing mark, retain melon of pollinating accordingly in the first garden, selected female glossy type strain；
(3) 4: the previous generation female glossy type strain being selected in is planted respectively from generation to generation, carries out luring male process in 1 leaf 1 heart stage；Choosing
The individual plant selecting all female flowers of below 10 joints carries out selfing, proceeds the selection of glossy sugar-preserved gourd collection period at commodity melon, glossy
Individual plant be selected in female glossy strain；
(4) 5: the previous generation female glossy type strain being selected in from generation to generation, carries out a point garden plantation, sows simultaneously；First garden is for seeing
Cha Pu, the second garden is selective nursery, and the second garden carried out luring male process in 1 leaf 1 heart stage；Observe glossy female plant ratio in the first garden, oil
Bright female plant ratio is the strain reservation of 100%, and in the second corresponding garden, identical strain is reserved seed for planting；
(5) 6-9: the previous generation female glossy strain being selected in from generation to generation, lures selfing after male process, select offspring disease resistance and
Sit the plant that melon situation is good；Repeat said process and continue selfing 2-3 generation, to obtain final product.
Preferably, step (1) utilizes excellent 358 (hermaphroditism) in glossy type cenospecies Tianjin miscellaneous with North-China Type female series MC2065
Hand over.
Preferably, hero is lured to be processed as: to spray 2 times (being spaced 1 day) with 800ppm gibberellins.
Preferably, CPPU is stained with the concentration of CPPU solution during flower processes is 10-15ppm.
Preferably, the described generation 3 is typically selected in 15-20 strain, and 4-5 is typically selected in about 10 (8-12) strains from generation to generation
System.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) initial stage utilizes glossy peel kind matter to backcross for recurrent parent, adds the glossy gene of fruit and goes out offspring
Existing frequency.
(2) in from generation to generation 3, utilize a point garden method to select to lure male sisters' friendship, the most effectively solve glossy character and female
Character polymerization seed selection and the contradiction reserved seed for planting, and it is effectively kept the gene of more excellence the most from generation to generation, it is simple to the later stage selects comprehensive
The selfing line that character is excellent.Early stage of fruit development can the most quickly differentiate commodity fruit according to melon growing glossy situation simultaneously
Glossy character.
(3) present invention the female heterozygous strain (Ff) that obtains of backcrossing separate after point garden sisters hand over female gene (FF, Ff,
Ff), selfing generation separation female individuals (female plant that isozygotys, heterozygosis female plant and hermaphroditism), then secondary point of garden of selfing selects, point
Separate out female series (by observing garden, selecting homozygous female system FF, reserve seed for planting luring hero garden of reserving seed for planting).The selection of glossy character with
This is similar to, and obtains pure glossy type cucumber female series.
(4) Selection utilization of homozygous female character and glossy character is observed garden and garden method of reserving seed for planting by the later stage, it is possible to the purest
Close female gene and glossy character, improve seed selection efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the breeding schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is that the strain of present invention generation 4 → from generation to generation 5 → from generation to generation 6 selects schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to be better understood from the present invention, further illustrate below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment: the selection-breeding of glossy type female new germ plasm YLC2010
MC2065 is the North-China Type female series of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences's vegetable or flower institute selection-breeding.This is that growing way is strong,
Gynoecy, cold-resistant strong with heat-resisting ability, parthenocarpy ability is strong, and combining ability is excellent, and Productive Potential is big.Weak point is fruit
Low in glossiness.Excellent 358 (the market sale kinds) in Tianjin, outstanding feature is that sugar-preserved gourd color of the leather is glossy, and shortcoming is hermaphroditism, and high yield is latent
Power is poor.Utilize the present invention, above-mentioned two material use hybridizes → backcrosses → selfing means, successfully formulate out sugar-preserved gourd color of the leather oil
Bright, gynoecy, the new germ plasm YLC2010 that Productive Potential is big.Schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1.
Concrete grammar is as follows:
1, from generation to generation 1: excellent 358 (hermaphroditism) in fruit glossy type cucumber hybrid Tianjin selecting Comprehensive Traits excellent are father
This, the North-China Type female series MC2065 of institute of Agriculture in Shandong Province section vegetable or flower institute selection-breeding is maternal, sows field planting simultaneously.Treat
Pollination period, selects and grows normal, that the morning is open female flower on MC2065 about Section 10；Male parent opens with same that morning
Many male flowers hybridize after mixing powder, obtain F1, latter about 40 days seed maturities of pollinating.
2, from generation to generation 2: from the seed of 1 results from generation to generation, take 50 sowings at random, obtain 50 individual plants for maternal, excellent with Tianjin
358 kinds are planted 20 strains is male parent, backcrosses, it is thus achieved that BC1, and mixing is collected seed and ensured at least 1000 seeds of results.
3, from generation to generation 3:
(1) dividing two garden plantations by the 2 BC1 seeds obtained from generation to generation, every garden takes kind at random, each plantation 500 strains.Two gardens are entered
Row intermission seeding field planting, seedling raise period is spaced apart 7 days.First garden is first sowed, and does not carries out seedling stage luring male process；Broadcast behind second garden
Kind, in 1 leaf 1 heart stage, carry out luring hero by the mode of 800ppm gibberellins spray 2 times (being spaced 1 day)；
(2) pistillate plants labelling in the first garden, the CPPU solution (0.1% of the first female flower 10ppm on the open same day are selected
CPPU medicinal liquid 10ml add water 1L dilution) start to be stained with flower process, fruit Rapid development to about 10cm character glossy to sugar-preserved gourd
Select, be: when fruit melon starts place to occur glossy, be i.e. labeled as the glossy pistillate plants being selected in.After selected and
Time growth sugar-preserved gourd is removed, promote top female Floral development, promote flower synchronization, it is simple to reserve seed for planting；
In (3) second gardens, selecting the 10 following all female flowers of joint, 11-17 joint occurs that continuous 3-6 saves male flower, more than 18 joints
The plant of (such as 11 joints are female flowers, and male flower occurs in 12-16 joint, 17 joint all of the above female flowers) of all female flowers carries out mark of listing
Note.After labelling is good, destroy female flowers (retaining the female flower of more than continuous male flower) whole below continuous male flower, promote the male flower of plant
Rapid development；
(4) on the plant after the process selected in the second garden, male flower is open, enters with the female glossy plant in the first garden
Row hybridization pollination, and listing mark；
(5) when in the second garden, labelling plant top female flower development becomes commodity melon, it is judged that its peel is the most glossy.If it is oily
Bright, according to listing mark, retain melon of pollinating in the first garden (i.e. using the pollination melon of corresponding glossy male flower pollination in the second garden), no
Glossy carrying out is eliminated.15-20 strain to be selected in (i.e. selects the glossy pistillate plants that 15-20 Comprehensive Traits is good
Seed carries out next step).
4,4: the previous generation female glossy type strain being selected in from generation to generation, each strain takes 50 sowings at random, in 1 leaf 1 heart stage
Spray 2 times (being spaced 1 day) with the gibberellins of 800ppm to carry out luring male process.The individual plant selecting the 10 following all female flowers of joint (is eliminated
The 10 following hermaphrodite individualities of joint) carry out selfing, the selection of glossy sugar-preserved gourd, glossy list is proceeded collection period at commodity melon
Strain enters to elect as female glossy strain.General selected about 10 strains.As in figure 2 it is shown, 15-20 strain selected in the generation 3,
Staying about 10 strains again according to female glossy evaluation, the individual plant that in each strain, Comprehensive Traits is good stays, and finally leaves 10
Individual left and right single-strain seed, for next step.
5,5: previous generation each strain being selected in from generation to generation, all carries out a point garden plantation, sows simultaneously.Every garden takes 50 at random
Sowing.First garden is for observing garden, and the second garden is selective nursery.Second garden carries out 800ppm gibberellin treatment 2 times at 1 leaf 1 heart and (is spaced
1 day) lure hero, observe glossy female plant ratio in the first garden, glossy female plant ratio is the strain reservation of 100%, the second corresponding garden
In identical strain reserve seed for planting.General selected about 10 female glossy strains (as in figure 2 it is shown, 10 left sides selected in the generation 4
Right strain, according to " glossy female plant ratio is 100% ", then stays about 10 strains, selects the list that Comprehensive Traits is good in each strain
Strain stays, and finally leaves about 10 single-strain seeds, for next step).
6,6: the previous generation female glossy strain being selected in from generation to generation, carry out between 1 leaf 1 heart stage 800ppm gibberellins spray 2 times (
Every 1 day) lure male process, the resistance of focal selection plant and seat melon, yielding ability after selfing.
7,7-8: repetition 6 processes from generation to generation continue selfing 2 generation from generation to generation, obtain glossy type female new germ plasm YLC2010.
Utilize glossy type female series new varieties DL205 that glossy type female new germ plasm YLC2010 is bred as parent in Yinan
In facility cultivation in early spring demonstration, per mu yield is more than 50,000 jin, and sugar-preserved gourd peel is glossy, and commodity highlights, and is in great demand, well received.
Embodiment 2
On this basis, use other glossy type cucumber variety, if Tianjin winter 658 grade is male parent, institute of Agriculture in Shandong Province section
The North-China Type female series MC2065 of vegetable or flower institute selection-breeding is maternal, uses method similarly to Example 1 to carry out breeding,
The kind that selection-breeding obtains, it may have high yield and the glossy characteristic of sugar-preserved gourd peel.
Claims (5)
1. a breeding method for glossy type cucumber female series, is characterized in that,
(1) 1-2 from generation to generation: utilize glossy type Cucumber Germplasm to hybridize with female series Cucumber Germplasm, obtain generation seed F1, then with oil
Bright type Cucumber Germplasm is that recurrent parent backcrosses, it is thus achieved that secondary seed BC1；
(2) from generation to generation 3:
The most secondary seed divides two garden plantations, and two garden intermission seeding field planting, interval time is 7 days；First garden is first sowed and is not located
Reason, the second garden, between 1 leaf 1 heart stage, carries out luring male process；
B. select pistillate plants labelling in the first garden, be stained with flower process promotion fruit with CPPU solution the open same day in the first female flower
Quickly expanding, then character glossy to sugar-preserved gourd selects, and when fruit melon starts place to occur glossy, is i.e. labeled as the oil being selected in
Bright female plants；In time growth sugar-preserved gourd is removed after selected, promote the female Floral development in top, it is simple to pollination；
C. in the second garden, selecting the 10 following all female flowers of joint, 11-17 joint occurs that continuous 3-6 saves male flower, and 18 joint all of the above are
Destroy whole female flowers of below continuous male flower after the labelling of female flower is good, promote the top male flower Rapid development of plant；
D. on the plant after the process selected in the second garden, male flower is open, hybridizes with the female glossy plant in the first garden
Pollination, and listing mark；
E. when in the second garden, labelling plant top female flower development becomes commodity melon, it is judged that its peel is the most glossy, if glossy, according to
Listing mark, retains melon of pollinating accordingly in the first garden, selected female glossy type strain；
(3) 4: the previous generation female glossy type strain being selected in is planted respectively from generation to generation, carries out luring male process in 1 leaf 1 heart stage；Select 10
The individual plant of the following all female flowers of joint carries out selfing, proceeds the selection of glossy sugar-preserved gourd, glossy list collection period at commodity melon
Strain is selected in female glossy strain；
(4) 5: the previous generation female glossy type strain being selected in from generation to generation, carries out a point garden plantation, sows simultaneously；First garden is observation garden,
Second garden is selective nursery, and the second garden carried out luring male process in 1 leaf 1 heart stage；Observe glossy female plant ratio, glossy female plant in the first garden
Ratio is the strain reservation of 100%, and in the second corresponding garden, identical strain is reserved seed for planting；
(5) 6-9: the previous generation female glossy strain being selected in, selfing after luring hero to process from generation to generation, selects the disease resistance of offspring and sits melon
The plant that situation is good；Repeat said process and continue selfing 2-3 generation, to obtain final product.
The breeding method of a kind of glossy type cucumber female series the most as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (1) profit
Hybridize with North-China Type female series MC2065 with glossy type cenospecies Tianjin excellent 358.
The breeding method of a kind of glossy type cucumber female series the most as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described in lure male process
For: spray 2 times with 800ppm gibberellins, be spaced 1 day.
The breeding method of a kind of glossy type cucumber female series the most as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, uses CPPU solution
Concentration be 10-15ppm.
5. the breeding method of a kind of glossy type cucumber female series as described in any one in claim 1-4, is characterized in that, institute
Stating and from generation to generation 3 be selected in 15-20 strain, 4, from generation to generation 5 are selected in 8-12 strain respectively from generation to generation.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109207574A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-01-15 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of cucumber female SNP marker and its application |
| CN110278840A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-09-27 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of secondary breeding method of cucumber |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109207574A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-01-15 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of cucumber female SNP marker and its application |
| CN109207574B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2021-07-20 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Cucumber female SNP molecular marker and application thereof |
| CN110278840A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-09-27 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of secondary breeding method of cucumber |
| CN110278840B (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2021-04-23 | 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Secondary seed reproduction method for cucumbers |
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