CN106120377A - 一种防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法及迷彩面料 - Google Patents
一种防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法及迷彩面料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法及迷彩面料。该方法包括冷堆、练漂、定型、烧毛、丝光、染底、印花、烘焙发色、还原显色皂洗、吸湿排汗透气处理、三防整理以及预缩步骤，经过上述12个工序的处理后得到成品。该面料可以有效地屏蔽红外线的穿透，同时还具有良好的吸湿排汗功能。本发明的方法实现了同一纺织面料上赋予多种功能的功效，改变了以前纺织面料上只能进行单一性的功能整理、缺陷较多、服用性能差的问题，实现了面料从单一性到多功能性的转变，解决了面料的多功能复合处理中部分性能相互抵触和消减的问题，大大提高了防红外线迷彩面料的持久性和服用性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及印染技术领域，具体涉及到一种防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法及由该方法印染得到的迷彩面料。
背景技术
随着军事力量的较量日趋电子化，在现代战争中许多军事目标常采用伪装隐蔽技术，以对抗敌方各种不同电子侦察与打击。迷彩服若采用带红外线的侦察设备，将很容易暴露目标，因此需要对迷彩服进行防红外伪装效果处理。除此之外，由于战场环境的恶劣条件，为改善士兵在战场上的生活条件，必然会对迷彩服要求赋予更多功能性的需求，如防蚊、抗菌、三防等。
现有技术中鲜见有对织物进行防红外的处理工艺，或者只是进行简单的处理，使得织物的实际防红外效果较差；现有的面料功能单一，即使存在有多功能面料的制备工艺，也都存在多功能复合处理中部分性能之间相互抵触和消减的问题，目前，尚没有将防红外、防水、防油、防污、吸湿排汗的功能复合到同一面料中并且各个功能都保持最佳效果的生产方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法，该方法制得的迷彩面料集防红外、吸湿排汗、防水、防油和防污的功能于一体，并且克服了多功能复合处理中部分性能相互抵触和消减问题，大大提高了面料的持久性和服用性。
本发明的另外一个目的是提供一种采用上述防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法制得的迷彩面料。
为达上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案为：
提供一种防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）冷堆：将迷彩织物浸轧冷堆工作液，车速60-65米/分，打卷后于常温堆置8h~15h，得到冷堆织物；浸轧冷堆工作液过程中，轧余率为70-80%；所述冷堆工作液的配方为：氢氧化钠2-3g/L、煮练剂HB-101 2-3g/L、双氧水2-5g/L、稳定剂水玻璃3-8g/L以及螯合剂 TH30551-5g/L；
（2）练漂：将所述冷堆织物采用二浸二轧的方式浸轧练漂工作液，再于90-110℃下汽蒸55-70分钟，得到练漂织物；浸轧练漂工作液过程中，车速60-65米/分，带液率80-90%；练漂工作液的配方为：精练酶BF-10 10-12g/L、煮练剂BF-201 5-6g/L、氢氧化钠3-8g/L以及双氧水6-7g/L；
（3）定型：将所述练漂织物在高温下进行定型，并打卷使其无压绉痕迹，得到定型织物；
（4）烧毛：去除所述定型织物表面茸毛，进行烧毛处理，得到烧毛织物；
（5）丝光：将所述烧毛织物在浓碱中进行丝光处理，得到丝光织物；
（6）染底：将所述丝光织物浸轧染底液，车速40-50米/分，得到染底织物；浸轧染底液过程中，带液率为50-70%；染底液的配方为：分散染料30-50份、还原染料10-20份、防背渗剂2-3份、防红外调节剂HW-01 3-8份、牢度增强剂2-7份和去离子水10-60份；
（7）印花：将染底织物在印花色浆的作用下进行印花处理，车速40-50米/分，得到印花织物；所述印花色浆的配方为：分散染料30-50份、还原染料10-20份、防红外调节剂HW-015-10份、牢度增强剂3-5份、海藻酸钠糊料2-3份和去离子水10-60份；
（8）烘焙发色：将印花织物在高温下烘焙发色，得到发色织物；
（9）还原显色皂洗：将发色织物在还原液中处理后使用氧化液反应，再在皂洗液中进行洗涤，得到皂洗织物；
（10）吸湿排汗透气处理：将防蚊抗菌织物浸轧在吸湿剂CTC-SRE80和柔软剂STR-F1的混合液中处理，烘干得到吸湿排汗透气织物；其中，吸湿剂CTC-SRE80和柔软剂STR-F1的重量比为1:2；
（11）三防整理：将所述吸湿排汗透气织物浸轧在三防整理剂KG500S、增强剂HF、抗皱剂HDP和柔软剂SFC混合液中处理，车速40-50米/分，带液率55-70%，烘干得到三防整理织物；其中，三防整理剂KG500S、增强剂HF、抗皱剂HDP和柔软剂SFC的重量配比为1:1:2:0.5；
（12）预缩：将三防整理织物进行预缩处理，得到成品。
在所述（3）定型步骤中，将练漂织物在车速85-95米/分，温度200-215℃下进行定型。
在所述（5）丝光步骤中，将烧毛织物采用五冲五洗的方式浸轧碱液，75-80℃下汽蒸去碱，再用90-95℃水洗，并控制织物布面pH值均匀一致，均为7.0-7.3。
在所述（8）烘焙步骤中，将印花织物在车速40-50米/分，205-210℃下烘焙1-2分钟。
所述（9）还原显色皂洗步骤中，所述还原液的配方为：氢氧化钠75-80g/L，连二亚硫酸钠100-110g/L和淀粉15-18g/L；所述氧化液为双氧水2.5-3g/L；所述皂洗液的配方为：皂洗剂3-4g/L和氢氧化钠2-5g/L；所述氧化还原反应的温度为室温，皂洗温度为95℃~98℃。
所述抗菌处理步骤中，浸轧抗菌剂和防蚊剂后的轧液率为60%~70%，浸轧抗菌剂处理后烘干的温度为160-170℃，浸轧防蚊剂处理后烘干的温度为130-140℃。
所述吸湿排汗透气处理步骤中，浸轧吸湿剂和柔软剂的带液率为55-70%，烘干温度为130-140℃。
在步骤（11）三防整理步骤中，在浸轧混合液的过程中，带液率为55-70%，烘干温度为130-140℃。
在步骤（6）和步骤（7）中，所述分散染料为分散黑P-G、分散翠兰S-BG、分散红S-2G、分散黄棕S-2R中的一种或者几种混合物；所述还原染料为还原黑G、还原黑GM、还原蓝CLF、还原蓝BS-03、还原红FBB、还原红6B、还原黄RK、还原嫩黄5GF、还原棕RN、还原棕BR、还原艳绿FFB、还原橄榄绿B和还原灰NC中的一种或几种的混合物。
本发明的有益效果为：
（1）通过将染底液和印花色浆中的不同染料与防红外调节剂的配合使用，从而使得面料能够最大程度上控制其反射率，从而起到防红外检测的作用。
（2）通过选择对手感影响小的三防（防水、防油和防污）整理剂和柔软性能优良耐久性好且对三防的效果影响最小的柔软剂对面料进行防水、防油和防污的处理，大大提高和改善了防红外迷彩面料的功能持久性和服用性。
（3）通过在面料中加入吸湿剂CTC-SRE80和柔软剂STR-F1的混合液，使得在大分子结构内引入羧基、酰胺基、羟基和氨基等，增加对水分子的亲和性，使纤维具有多孔结构和更大的比表面积，从而增加纤维吸湿排汗的功效。
（4）本发明的印染方法通过在染底和印染步骤中加入特定含量的防红外调节剂进行防红外检测整理以及经过防水、防油、防污、吸湿排汗透气整理，实现了同一纺织面料上赋予多种功能的功效，改变了以前纺织面料上只能进行单一性的功能整理、缺陷较多、服用性能差的问题，实现了面料从单一性到多功能性的转变，解决了面料的多功能复合处理中部分性能相互抵触和消减的问题，大大提高了防红外线迷彩面料的持久性和服用性。
具体实施方式
实施例1
防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）冷堆：将迷彩织物浸轧冷堆工作液中，控制车速60±1米/分，落布大卷装打卷，打卷后用塑料薄膜包严，常温堆置12小时，得到冷堆织物；浸轧冷堆工作液过程中，轧余率为75%；冷堆工作液的配方为：氢氧化钠2g/L、煮练剂HB-101 3g/L、双氧水4g/L、稳定剂水玻璃5g/L以及螯合剂TH3055 2g/L；
（2）练漂：将冷堆织物采用二浸二轧的方式浸轧练漂工作液，再于100℃下汽蒸60分钟，得到练漂织物；浸轧练漂工作液过程中，车速60±1米/分，带液率85%；练漂工作液的配方为：精练酶BF-10 10g/L、煮练剂BF-201 5g/L、氢氧化钠5g/L以及双氧水6g/L；上述练漂的目的是应用化学和物理机械作用，除去织物上的杂质，使织物洁白、柔软，具有良好的渗透性能。
（3）定型：将练漂织物在高温下进行定型，控制车速为90米/分，定型温度为210℃，落布幅宽为158cm，无纬斜，并打卷使其无压绉痕迹，落布温度低于40℃，得到定型织物；
（4）烧毛：去除定型织物表面茸毛，进行烧毛处理，得到烧毛织物；该步骤的车速控制在120米/分，在一正一反两道火口进行烧毛处理，效果要求达到4~5级。
（5）丝光：将烧毛织物在车速80米/分下，在直辊与布铗联合丝光机上浸轧碱液进行丝光处理，再于75℃下汽蒸去碱，再用95℃水洗，得到丝光织物；其中，碱液为浓度为210g/L的烧碱；布铗采用五冲五洗喷淋方式；水洗过程中，采用回用水，布面pH值均匀一致，控制在7.0~7.3。
（6）染底：将丝光织物浸轧染底液，车速45米/分，得到染底织物；染底液的配方为：分散染料30份、还原染料20份、防背渗剂2份、防红外调节剂HW-01 8份、牢度增强剂7份和去离子水33份；织物经过多浸一轧染液后轧液率为60%，两组预烘，两组烘筒烘燥烘干打卷。
（7）印花：将染底织物在印花色浆的作用下进行印花处理，并控制车速为45米/分，得到印花织物；印花色浆的配方为：分散染料30份、还原染料20份、防红外调节剂HW-01 10份、牢度增强剂3份、海藻酸钠糊料3份和去离子水34份；
（8）烘焙发色：将印花织物在车速40米/分，温度205℃下进行焙烘发色处理，得到发色织物；烘焙发色时间为2min。
（9）快蒸还原显色皂洗：将发色织物在还原液中处理后使用氧化液反应，再在皂洗液中进行洗涤，得到皂洗织物；本步骤中车速为40米/分，还原显色温度为130℃，还原液的配方为：氢氧化钠75g/L，连二亚硫酸钠105g/L，淀粉16g/L；还原处理后的还原液的轧液率为53%；还原后使用氧化液3g/L的双氧水在常温下氧化，氧化反应完毕后双氧水的轧液率为50%；氧化完毕后在95℃下进行皂洗，95℃的皂洗液中含有皂洗剂4g/L和氢氧化钠4g/L，皂洗后织物的轧液率为50%。
（10）吸湿排汗透气处理：将防蚊抗菌织物浸轧在吸湿剂CTC-SRE80和柔软剂STR-F1的混合液中处理，车速40米/分，带液率60%，再于130℃下烘干得到吸湿排汗透气织物；吸湿剂CTC-SRE80和柔软剂STR-F1的重量比为1:2；
（11）三防整理：将防蚊抗菌织物浸轧在三防整理剂KG500S、增强剂HF、抗皱剂HDP和柔软剂SFC混合液中处理，车速40米/分，带液率60%，再于130℃下烘干得到三防整理织物；三防整理剂KG500S、增强剂HF、抗皱剂HDP和柔软剂SFC的重量配比为1:1:2:0.5；在该三防整理剂中进行整理，使得在中低温条件下既不影响防蚊虫抗菌效率，又能保证三防整理的效果。
（12）预缩：将三防整理织物进行预缩处理，得到成品；缩水率控制在3.0%以内，幅宽控制在148cm~151cm。
本发明中，分散染料可以为分散黑P-G、分散翠兰S-BG和分散红S-2G的混合物；还原染料为还原黑G、还原黑GM、还原蓝CLF、还原红6B、还原黄RK、还原嫩黄5GF、还原棕RN、还原橄榄绿B和还原灰NC的混合物。
实施例2
防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）冷堆：将迷彩织物浸轧冷堆工作液中，控制车速60米/分，落布大卷装打卷，打卷后用塑料薄膜包严，常温堆置8小时，得到冷堆织物；浸轧冷堆工作液过程中，轧余率为80%；冷堆工作液的配方为：氢氧化钠3g/L、煮练剂HB-101 2g/L、双氧水5g/L、稳定剂水玻璃8g/L以及螯合剂TH3055 5g/L；
（2）练漂：将冷堆织物采用二浸二轧的方式浸轧练漂工作液，再于110℃下汽蒸70分钟，得到练漂织物；浸轧练漂工作液过程中，车速65米/分，带液率90%；练漂工作液的配方为：精练酶BF-10 12g/L、煮练剂BF-201 6g/L、氢氧化钠8g/L以及双氧水7g/L；上述练漂的目的是应用化学和物理机械作用，除去织物上的杂质，使织物洁白、柔软，具有良好的渗透性能。
（3）定型：将练漂织物在高温下进行定型，控制车速为90米/分，定型温度为211℃，落布幅宽为158cm，无纬斜，并打卷使其无压绉痕迹，落布温度低于40℃，得到定型织物；
（4）烧毛：去除定型织物表面茸毛，进行烧毛处理，得到烧毛织物；该步骤的车速控制在120米/分，在一正一反两道火口进行烧毛处理，效果要求达到4~5级。
（5）丝光：将烧毛织物在车速80米/分下，在直辊与布铗联合丝光机上浸轧碱液进行丝光处理，再于80℃下汽蒸去碱，再用95℃水洗，得到丝光织物；其中，碱液为浓度为220g/L的烧碱；布铗采用五冲五洗喷淋方式；水洗过程中，采用回用水，布面pH值均匀一致，控制在7.3。
（6）染底：将丝光织物浸轧染底液，车速50米/分，得到染底织物；染底液的配方为：分散染料50份、还原染料20份、防背渗剂3份、防红外调节剂HW-01 8份和牢度增强剂2份；织物经过多浸一轧染液后轧液率为50%，两组预烘，两组烘筒烘燥烘干打卷。
（7）印花：将染底织物在印花色浆的作用下进行印花处理，并控制车速为50米/分，得到印花织物；分散染料50份、还原染料10份、防红外调节剂HW-01 5份、牢度增强剂5份、海藻酸钠糊料2份和去离子水28份；
（8）烘焙发色：将印花织物在车速40米/分，温度210℃下进行焙烘发色处理，得到发色织物；烘焙发色时间为1min50秒。
（9）快蒸还原显色皂洗：将发色织物在还原液中处理后使用氧化液反应，再在皂洗液中进行洗涤，得到皂洗织物；本步骤中车速为41米/分，还原显色温度为135℃，还原液的配方为：氢氧化钠80g/L，连二亚硫酸钠110g/L，淀粉18g/L；还原处理后的还原液的轧液率为50%；还原后使用氧化液2.5g/L的双氧水在常温下氧化，氧化反应完毕后双氧水的轧液率为50%；氧化完毕后在95℃下进行皂洗，95℃的皂洗液中含有皂洗剂3g/L和氢氧化钠2g/L，皂洗后织物的轧液率为50%。
（10）吸湿排汗透气处理：将防蚊抗菌织物浸轧在吸湿剂CTC-SRE80和柔软剂STR-F1的混合液中处理，车速39米/分，带液率60%，再于140℃下烘干得到吸湿排汗透气织物；其中，吸湿剂CTC-SRE80和柔软剂STR-F1的重量比为1:2；
（11）三防整理：将防蚊抗菌织物浸轧在三防整理剂KG500S、增强剂HF、抗皱剂HDP和柔软剂SFC混合液中处理，车速41米/分，带液率60%，再于140℃下烘干得到三防整理织物；其中，三防整理剂KG500S、增强剂HF、抗皱剂HDP和柔软剂SFC的重量配比为1:1:2:0.5；在该三防整理剂中进行整理，使得在中低温条件下既不影响防蚊虫抗菌效率，又能保证三防整理的效果。
（12）预缩：将三防整理织物进行预缩处理，得到成品；缩水率控制在2.5%，幅宽控制在148cm。
本发明中，分散染料为分散黑P-G和分散翠兰S-BG的混合物；还原染料为还原红FBB、还原红6B和还原黄RK的混合物。
试验例
将实施例1-2中经印染加工的迷彩面料成品进行测试，结果如表1所示：
表1 迷彩面料的性能指标
从表1可以看出，采用本发明方法制得的迷彩面料具有良好的防红外线监测能力、防水、防油、防污及吸湿排汗的能力，具有巨大的应用价值。
本发明的方法集防红外线监测整理技术、防水、防油、防污技术、吸湿排汗透气整理技术于一体，使制得的面料同时具备防红外线监测持久稳定性、防水、防油、防污、吸湿排汗的功能，大大提高了防红外线迷彩面料的持久性和服用性。
Claims (9)
1.一种防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法，其特征是，包括以下步骤：
（1）冷堆：将迷彩织物浸轧冷堆工作液，车速60-65米/分，打卷后于常温堆置8~15h，得到冷堆织物；浸轧冷堆工作液过程中，轧余率为70-80%；所述冷堆工作液的配方为：氢氧化钠2-3g/L、煮练剂HB-101 2-3g/L、双氧水2-5g/L、稳定剂水玻璃3-8g/L以及螯合剂TH30551-5g/L；
（2）练漂：将所述冷堆织物采用二浸二轧的方式浸轧练漂工作液，再于90-110℃下汽蒸55-70分钟，得到练漂织物；浸轧练漂工作液过程中，车速60-65米/分，带液率80-90%；练漂工作液的配方为：精练酶BF-10 10-12g/L、煮练剂BF-201 5-6g/L、氢氧化钠3-8g/L以及双氧水6-7g/L；
（3）定型：将所述练漂织物在高温下进行定型，并打卷使其无压绉痕迹，得到定型织物；
（4）烧毛：去除所述定型织物表面茸毛，进行烧毛，得到烧毛织物；
（5）丝光：将所述烧毛织物在浓碱中进行丝光处理，得到丝光织物；
（6）染底：将所述丝光织物浸轧染底液，车速40-50米/分，得到染底织物；浸轧染底液过程中，带液率为50-70%；染底液的配方为：分散染料30-50份、还原染料10-20份、防背渗剂2-3份、防红外调节剂HW-01 3-8份、牢度增强剂2-7份和去离子水10-60份；
（7）印花：将染底织物在印花色浆的作用下进行印花处理，车速40-50米/分，得到印花织物；所述印花色浆的配方为：分散染料30-50份、还原染料10-20份、防红外调节剂HW-015-10份、牢度增强剂3-5份、海藻酸钠糊料2-3份和去离子水10-60份；
（8）烘焙发色：将印花织物在高温下烘焙发色，得到发色织物；
（9）还原显色皂洗：将发色织物在还原液中处理后使用氧化液反应，再在皂洗液中进行洗涤，得到皂洗织物；
（10）吸湿排汗透气处理：将防蚊抗菌织物浸轧在吸湿剂CTC-SRE80和柔软剂STR-F1的混合液中处理，烘干得到吸湿排汗透气织物；其中，吸湿剂CTC-SRE80和柔软剂STR-F1的重量比为1:2；
（11）三防整理：将所述吸湿排汗透气织物浸轧在三防整理剂KG500S、增强剂HF、抗皱剂HDP和柔软剂SFC混合液中处理，车速40-50米/分，带液率55-70%，烘干得到三防整理织物；其中，三防整理剂KG500S、增强剂HF、抗皱剂HDP和柔软剂SFC的重量配比为1:1:2:0.5；
（12）预缩：将三防整理织物进行预缩处理，得到成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法，其特征是，在所述（3）定型步骤中，将练漂织物在车速85-95米/分，温度200-215℃下进行定型。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法，其特征是，
在所述（5）丝光步骤中，将烧毛织物采用五冲五洗的方式浸轧碱液，75-80℃下汽蒸去碱，再用90-95℃水洗，并控制织物布面pH值均匀一致，均为7.0-7.3。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法，其特征是，
在所述（8）烘焙步骤中，将印花织物在车速40-50米/分，205-210℃下烘焙1-2分钟。
5.根据权利要求1所述的防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法，其特征是，所述（9）还原显色皂洗步骤中，所述还原液的配方为：氢氧化钠75-80g/L，连二亚硫酸钠100-110g/L和淀粉15-18g/L；所述氧化液为双氧水2.5-3g/L；所述皂洗液的配方为：皂洗剂3-4g/L和氢氧化钠2-5g/L；所述氧化还原反应的温度为室温，皂洗温度为95-98℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法，其特征是，所述吸湿排汗透气处理步骤中，浸轧吸湿剂和柔软剂的带液率为55-70%，烘干温度为130-140℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法，其特征是，
在步骤（11）三防整理步骤中，在浸轧混合液的过程中，带液率为55-70%，烘干温度为130-140℃。
8.根据权利要求1所述的防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料的印染方法，其特征是，在步骤（6）和步骤（7）中，所述分散染料为分散黑P-G、分散翠兰S-BG、分散红S-2G、分散黄棕S-2R中的一种或者几种混合物；
所述还原染料为还原黑G、还原黑GM、还原蓝CLF、还原蓝BS-03、还原红FBB、还原红6B、还原黄RK、还原嫩黄5GF、还原棕RN、还原棕BR、还原艳绿FFB、还原橄榄绿B和还原灰NC中的一种或几种的混合物。
9.权利要求1-8任一所述的印染方法制得的防红外吸湿透气迷彩面料。
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