CN106103449B - 氮杂氮烯类似物及其作为半导体的用途 - Google Patents
氮杂氮烯类似物及其作为半导体的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106103449B CN106103449B CN201580015829.1A CN201580015829A CN106103449B CN 106103449 B CN106103449 B CN 106103449B CN 201580015829 A CN201580015829 A CN 201580015829A CN 106103449 B CN106103449 B CN 106103449B
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- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- compound
- alkenyl
- independently selected
- substituent group
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XYOVOXDWRFGKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N azepine Chemical compound N1C=CC=CC=C1 XYOVOXDWRFGKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 85
- -1 Phenyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 87
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 54
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 47
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 47
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 42
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 28
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 125000006649 (C2-C20) alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 22
- 125000003358 C2-C20 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 22
- 229910003827 NRaRb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 125000000739 C2-C30 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 19
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 18
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 125000006374 C2-C10 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000000081 (C5-C8) cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 11
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002094 self assembled monolayer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000013545 self-assembled monolayer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 8
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- WLWNRAWQDZRXMB-YLFCFFPRSA-N (2r,3r,4r,5s)-n,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-1-(4-phenoxyphenyl)sulfonylpiperidine-2-carboxamide Chemical compound ONC(=O)[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1S(=O)(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 WLWNRAWQDZRXMB-YLFCFFPRSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 6
- VRLIPUYDFBXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridocarbon(.) Chemical compound [CH] VRLIPUYDFBXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001840 matrix-assisted laser desorption--ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 6
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- AFINAILKDBCXMX-PBHICJAKSA-N (2s,3r)-2-amino-3-hydroxy-n-(4-octylphenyl)butanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(NC(=O)[C@@H](N)[C@@H](C)O)C=C1 AFINAILKDBCXMX-PBHICJAKSA-N 0.000 description 5
- PHDIJLFSKNMCMI-ITGJKDDRSA-N (3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(8-quinolin-6-yloxyoctoxy)oxane-2,3,5-triol Chemical compound OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(O1)O)O)OCCCCCCCCOC=1C=C2C=CC=NC2=CC=1)O PHDIJLFSKNMCMI-ITGJKDDRSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QVLAWKAXOMEXPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical class ClCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl QVLAWKAXOMEXPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910006074 SO2NH2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 125000006297 carbonyl amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:2])C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 5
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000000565 sulfonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QKLXBIHSGMPUQS-FGZHOGPDSA-M (3r,5r)-7-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-1-phenylpyrrol-3-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoate Chemical compound CC1=C(CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC([O-])=O)C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=C(C)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 QKLXBIHSGMPUQS-FGZHOGPDSA-M 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- YLEIFZAVNWDOBM-ZTNXSLBXSA-N ac1l9hc7 Chemical compound C([C@H]12)C[C@@H](C([C@@H](O)CC3)(C)C)[C@@]43C[C@@]14CC[C@@]1(C)[C@@]2(C)C[C@@H]2O[C@]3(O)[C@H](O)C(C)(C)O[C@@H]3[C@@H](C)[C@H]12 YLEIFZAVNWDOBM-ZTNXSLBXSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000005466 alkylenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000012973 diazabicyclooctane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HBENZIXOGRCSQN-VQWWACLZSA-N (1S,2S,6R,14R,15R,16R)-5-(cyclopropylmethyl)-16-[(2S)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylpentan-2-yl]-15-methoxy-13-oxa-5-azahexacyclo[13.2.2.12,8.01,6.02,14.012,20]icosa-8(20),9,11-trien-11-ol Chemical compound N1([C@@H]2CC=3C4=C(C(=CC=3)O)O[C@H]3[C@@]5(OC)CC[C@@]2([C@@]43CC1)C[C@@H]5[C@](C)(O)C(C)(C)CC)CC1CC1 HBENZIXOGRCSQN-VQWWACLZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ODJQKYXPKWQWNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-Thiobispropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCSCCC(O)=O ODJQKYXPKWQWNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003026 Acene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- SRVFFFJZQVENJC-IHRRRGAJSA-N aloxistatin Chemical compound CCOC(=O)[C@H]1O[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCCC(C)C SRVFFFJZQVENJC-IHRRRGAJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- HOWGUJZVBDQJKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HOWGUJZVBDQJKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane - octane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(II) chloride (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Sn+2] AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- FANCTJAFZSYTIS-IQUVVAJASA-N (1r,3s,5z)-5-[(2e)-2-[(1r,3as,7ar)-7a-methyl-1-[(2r)-4-(phenylsulfonimidoyl)butan-2-yl]-2,3,3a,5,6,7-hexahydro-1h-inden-4-ylidene]ethylidene]-4-methylidenecyclohexane-1,3-diol Chemical compound C([C@@H](C)[C@@H]1[C@]2(CCCC(/[C@@H]2CC1)=C\C=C\1C([C@@H](O)C[C@H](O)C/1)=C)C)CS(=N)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FANCTJAFZSYTIS-IQUVVAJASA-N 0.000 description 2
- SGTNSNPWRIOYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile Chemical compound C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1CCN(C)CCCC(C#N)(C(C)C)C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 SGTNSNPWRIOYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QLVGHFBUSGYCCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-n-(1-cyano-2-phenylethyl)acetamide Chemical compound NCC(=O)NC(C#N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 QLVGHFBUSGYCCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HIHOEGPXVVKJPP-JTQLQIEISA-N 5-fluoro-2-[[(1s)-1-(5-fluoropyridin-2-yl)ethyl]amino]-6-[(5-methyl-1h-pyrazol-3-yl)amino]pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound N([C@@H](C)C=1N=CC(F)=CC=1)C(C(=CC=1F)C#N)=NC=1NC=1C=C(C)NN=1 HIHOEGPXVVKJPP-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 0 CC(*)c1ccc[o]1 Chemical compound CC(*)c1ccc[o]1 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UMIVXZPTRXBADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzocyclobutene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCC2=C1 UMIVXZPTRXBADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSVHLUXLWQLPIY-KBAYOESNSA-N butyl 2-[(6aR,9R,10aR)-1-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-6,6-dimethyl-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-hexahydrobenzo[c]chromen-3-yl]-2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound C(CCC)OC(C(C)(C)C1=CC(=C2[C@H]3[C@H](C(OC2=C1)(C)C)CC[C@H](C3)CO)O)=O OSVHLUXLWQLPIY-KBAYOESNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- ZVDBUOGYYYNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodec-1-yne Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC#C ZVDBUOGYYYNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- NDJKXXJCMXVBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC NDJKXXJCMXVBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000069 2-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- DHFFHWKMJUXMMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCC(OP(O)(O)=O)CCCCCCCC Chemical group CCCCCCCCCC(OP(O)(O)=O)CCCCCCCC DHFFHWKMJUXMMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001665 Poly-4-vinylphenol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N cis-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C/C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001162 cycloheptenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- URYYVOIYTNXXBN-UPHRSURJSA-N cyclooctene Chemical compound C1CCC\C=C/CC1 URYYVOIYTNXXBN-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004913 cyclooctene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005070 decynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005066 dodecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003810 ethyl acetate extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSQIGGCOCHABAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexacene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC6=CC=CC=C6C=C5C=C4C=C3C=C21 QSQIGGCOCHABAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006038 hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;tin;hydrate Chemical compound O.[In].[Sn] MRNHPUHPBOKKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001802 myricyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- VAMFXQBUQXONLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-alpha-eicosene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C VAMFXQBUQXONLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decene Natural products CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- OSSQSXOTMIGBCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N non-1-yne Chemical group CCCCCCCC#C OSSQSXOTMIGBCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQERIDTXQFOHKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC LQERIDTXQFOHKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005187 nonenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- IYDNQWWOZQLMRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-1-yne Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC#C IYDNQWWOZQLMRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004365 octenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005069 octynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000013086 organic photovoltaic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentacene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=C3C=C21 SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005981 pentynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C\C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- RCHUVCPBWWSUMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(octyl)silane Chemical group CCCCCCCC[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl RCHUVCPBWWSUMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002371 ultraviolet--visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings
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- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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- C07D471/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed systems contains four or more hetero rings
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/40—Support for services or applications
- H04L65/401—Support for services or applications wherein the services involve a main real-time session and one or more additional parallel real-time or time sensitive sessions, e.g. white board sharing or spawning of a subconference
- H04L65/4015—Support for services or applications wherein the services involve a main real-time session and one or more additional parallel real-time or time sensitive sessions, e.g. white board sharing or spawning of a subconference where at least one of the additional parallel sessions is real time or time sensitive, e.g. white board sharing, collaboration or spawning of a subconference
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- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
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Abstract
本发明提供式(1)化合物和包含该化合物作为半导体材料的电子器件。
Description
有机半导体材料可用于电子器件,例如有机光生伏打器件(OPV)、有机场效应晶体管(OFET)、有机发光二极管(OLED)和有机电致变色器件(ECD)中。
对于电子器件的有效且长久性能,理想的是有机半导体材料显示出在环境空气和光条件下的高化学稳定性。
此外,理想的是有机半导体材料与液体加工技术如旋涂相容,因为液体加工技术从可加工性观点看是方便的,因此容许生产低成本的有机半导体材料基电子器件。另外,液体加工技术还与塑料基底相容,因此容许生产轻重量且机械挠性的有机半导体材料基电子器件。
并苯、其它完全共轭环体系及其含氮类似物在过去数年来作为用于电子器件中的半导体材料吸引了相当的注意力。
并苯如并五苯和并六苯的制备和表征及其作为半导体材料的潜势由Anthony,J.E.综述于Angew.Chem.2008,120,460-492中。Clar,E.Chem.Ber.1942,75B,1330已经指出当并苯的长度提高时,稳定性以及溶解度明显降低。Mondal,R.;Tonshoff,C.;Khon,D.;Neckers,D.C.Bettinger,H.F.;J.Am.Chem.Soc.2009,131,14281-14289显示了下式的并六苯:
被发现在溶液中是非常不稳定的。
Chase,D.T.;Fix,A.G.;Kang,S.J.;Rose,B.D.;Weber,C.D.;Zhong,Y.;Zakharow,L.N.;Lonergan,M.C.;Nuckolls,C.;Haley,M.M.;J.Am.Chem.Soc.2012,134,10349-10352描述了以下完全共轭环体系:
及其作为半导体材料在有机场效应晶体管(OFET)中的用途。
Bunz,U.H.F.;Engelhart,J.U.;Lindner,B.D.;Schaffroth,M.Angew.Chem.2013,125,3898-3910概述了含氮并苯衍生物。Miao,S.;Appleton,A.L.;Berger,N.;Barlow,S.;Marder,S.R.;Hardcastle,K.I.;Bunz,U.H.F.描述了以下空气稳定且可溶的四偶氮取代的并苯衍生物:
本发明的目的是提供含氮完全共轭环体系,所述含氮完全共轭环体系具有高化学稳定性,特别是在环境温度、空气和光条件下,并且还可溶于有机溶剂中。另外,含氮完全共轭环体系应适用作电子器件,特别是有机场效应晶体管(OFET)中的半导体材料。
该目的通过权利要求1的化合物、权利要求8的电子器件和权利要求10的用途解决。
本发明有机半导体材料为式(1)的化合物:
其中:
R1和R2相互独立地选自H、C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基、C2-30炔基、C5-8环烷基、C5-8环烯基、5-14元杂环烷基、5-14元杂环烯基、C6-14芳基和5-14元杂芳基,
R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10相互独立地选自H、C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基、C2-30炔基、C5-8环烷基、C5-8环烯基、5-14元杂环烷基、5-14元杂环烯基、C6-14芳基、5-14元杂芳基、卤素、CN、-SCN、NO2、OH、O-C1-30烷基、O-C2-30烯基、O-C2-30炔基、O-C5-8环烷基、O-C5-8环烯基、O-5-14元杂环烷基、O-5-14元杂环烯基、O-C6-14芳基、O-5-14元杂芳基、SH、S-C1-30烷基、S-C2-30烯基、S-C2-30炔基、S-C5-8环烷基、S-C5-8环烯基、S-5-14元杂环烷基、S-5-14元杂环烯基、S-C6-14芳基、S-5-14元杂芳基、C(O)H、CO-C1-30烷基、CO-C2-30烯基、CO-C2-30炔基、CO-C5-8环烷基、CO-C5-8环烯基、CO-5-14元杂环烷基、CO-5-14元杂环烯基、CO-C6-14芳基、CO-5-14元杂芳基、COOH、NH(C1-30烷基)、N(C1-30烷基)2、CONH2、CONH(C1-30烷基)、CON(C1-30烷基)2、SO2OH、SO2NH2、SO2-C1-30烷基和SO2-C6-14芳基,
其中:
C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基和C2-30炔基可被1-9个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2;且一个或多个CH2基团,但不是C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基和C2-30炔基的相邻CH2基团,且不是与式(1)化合物的核直接连接的CH2基团,可被O或S替代,
C5-8环烷基、C5-8环烯基、5-14元杂环烷基和5-14元杂环烯基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基、C2-20炔基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
C6-14芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基、C2-20炔基、C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基和5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
5-14元杂芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基、C2-20炔基、C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基、C6-10芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
其中:
Ra和Rb独立地选自H、C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基和C2-20炔基,
C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基和C2-20炔基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基选自苯基、ORc、OC(O)-Rc、C(O)-ORc、C(O)-Rc、NRcRd、NRc[C(O)Rd]、N[C(O)Rc][C(O)Rd]、卤素、CN和NO2,
C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基、C6-10芳基和5-10元杂芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-10烷基、C2-10烯基、C2-10炔基、ORc、OC(O)-Rc、C(O)-ORc、C(O)-Rc、NRcRd、NRc[C(O)Rd]、N[C(O)Rc][C(O)Rd]、卤素、CN和NO2,
其中:
Rc和Rd独立地选自H、C1-10烷基、C2-10烯基和C2-10炔基,
其中:
C1-10烷基、C2-10烯基和C2-10炔基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基选自卤素、CN和NO2。
卤素可以为F、Cl、Br和I。
C1-10烷基、C1-20烷基和C1-30烷基可以为支化或非支化的。C1-10烷基的实例为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、新戊基、异戊基、正-(1-乙基)丙基、正己基、正庚基、正辛基、正-(2-乙基)己基、正壬基和正癸基。C1-20烷基的实例为C1-10烷基和正十一烷基、正十二烷基、正十一烷基、正十二烷基、正十三烷基、正十四烷基、正十五烷基、正十六烷基、正十七烷基、正十八烷基、正十九烷基和正二十烷基(C20)。C1-30烷基的实例为C1-20烷基和正二十二烷基(C22)、正二十四烷基(C24)、正二十六烷基(C26)、正二十八烷基(C28)和正三十烷基(C30)。
C2-10烯基、C2-20烯基和C2-30烯基可以为支化或非支化的。C1-20烯基的实例为乙烯基、丙烯基、顺-2-丁烯基、反-2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、顺-2-戊烯基、反-2-戊烯基、顺-3-戊烯基、反-3-戊烯基、4-戊烯基、2-甲基-3-丁烯基、己烯基、庚烯基、辛烯基、壬烯基和癸烯基。C2-20烯基的实例为C2-10烯基和亚油基(C18)、亚麻基(C18)、油基(C18)和花生基(C20)。C2-30烯基的实例为C2-20烯基和二十二碳烯基(C22)。
C2-10炔基、C2-20炔基和C2-30烯基可以为支化或非支化的。C2-10炔基的实例为乙炔基、2-丙炔基、2-丁炔基、3-丁炔基、戊炔基、己炔基、庚炔基、辛炔基、壬炔基和癸炔基。C2-20炔基和C2-30烯基的实例为十一碳炔基、十二碳炔基、十一碳炔基、十二碳炔基、十三碳炔基、十四碳炔基、十五碳炔基、十六碳炔基、十七碳炔基、十八碳炔基、十九碳炔基和二十碳炔基(C20)。
C6-10芳基的实例为苯基、萘基、蒽基和菲基。C6-14芳基的实例为C6-10芳基和并四苯基和基。
C5-8环烷基的实例为环戊基、环己基、环庚基和环辛基。C5-6环烷基的实例为环戊基和环己基。
C5-8环烯基的实例为环戊烯基、环己烯基、环庚烯基和环辛烯基。C5-6环烷基的实例为环戊烯基和环己烯基。
5-10元杂环烷基和5-14元杂环烷基的实例为:
其中R101每次出现时为C1-6烷基或苯基。
5-10元杂环烯基和5-14元杂环烯基的实例为:
其中R102每次出现时为C1-6烷基或苯基。
5-10元杂芳基的实例为:
其中R100每次出现时为C1-6烷基或苯基。
5-14元杂芳基的实例为关于5-10元杂芳基给出的实例和:
其中R100每次出现时为C1-6烷基或苯基。
优选下式的化合物:
其中:
R1和R2相互独立地选自H、C1-30烷基、C6-14芳基和5-14元杂芳基,
R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10相互独立地选自H、C1-30烷基、C6-14芳基、5-14元杂芳基、卤素、CN、-SCN、NO2、OH、O-C1-30烷基、O-C6-14芳基、O-5-14元杂芳基、SH、S-C1-30烷基、S-C6-14芳基、S-5-14元杂芳基、C(O)H、CO-C1-30烷基、CO-C6-14芳基、CO-5-14元杂芳基、COOH、NH(C1-30烷基)、N(C1-30烷基)2、CONH2、CONH(C1-30烷基)、CON(C1-30烷基)2、SO2OH、SO2NH2、SO2-C1-30烷基和SO2-C6-14芳基,其中:
C1-30烷基可被1-9个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2;且一个或多个CH2基团,但不是C1-30烷基的相邻CH2基团且不是与式(1)化合物的核直接连接的CH2基团,可被O或S替代,
C6-14芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
5-14元杂芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、C6-10芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
其中:
Ra和Rb独立地选自H和C1-20烷基,
C1-20烷基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基选自苯基、ORc、OC(O)-Rc、C(O)-ORc、C(O)-Rc、NRcRd、NRc[C(O)Rd]、N[C(O)Rc][C(O)Rd]、卤素、CN和NO2,
C6-10芳基和5-10元杂芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-10烷基、ORc、OC(O)-Rc、C(O)-ORc、C(O)-Rc、NRcRd、NRc[C(O)Rd]、N[C(O)Rc][C(O)Rd]、卤素、CN和NO2,
其中:
Rc和Rd独立地选自H和C1-10烷基,
其中:
C1-10烷基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基选自卤素、CN和NO2。
最优选下式的化合物:
其中:
R1和R2相互独立地选自C6-14芳基和5-14元杂芳基,
R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10相互独立地选自H和C1-30烷基,
其中:
C1-30烷基可被1-9个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2;且一个或多个CH2基团,但不是C1-30烷基的相邻CH2基团且不是与式(1)化合物的核直接连接的CH2基团,可被O或S替代,
C6-14芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
5-14元杂芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、C6-10芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
其中:
Ra和Rb独立地选自H和C1-20烷基,
C1-20烷基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基选自苯基、ORc、OC(O)-Rc、C(O)-ORc、C(O)-Rc、NRcRd、NRc[C(O)Rd]、N[C(O)Rc][C(O)Rd]、卤素、CN和NO2,
C6-10芳基和5-10元杂芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-10烷基、ORc、OC(O)-Rc、C(O)-ORc、C(O)-Rc、NRcRd、NRc[C(O)Rd]、N[C(O)Rc][C(O)Rd]、卤素、CN和NO2,
其中:
Rc和Rd独立地选自H和C1-10烷基,
其中:
C1-10烷基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基选自卤素、CN和NO2。
甚至更优选下式的化合物:
其中:
R1和R2相互独立地选自C6-14芳基和5-14元杂芳基,
R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10相互独立地选自H和C1-30烷基,
其中:
C1-30烷基可被1-9个独立地选自卤素,优选F的取代基取代,
C6-14芳基可被1-5个独立地选自C1-20烷基的取代基取代。
最优选下式的化合物:
其中:
R1和R2相互独立地选自苯基,
其可被1或2个独立地选自C1-20烷基的取代基取代,
且
R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10相互独立地选自H和CF3。
特别优选以下化合物:
本发明的一部分还有制备式1化合物的方法:
其中:
R1和R2相互独立地选自H、C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基、C2-30炔基、C5-8环烷基、C5-8环烯基、5-14元杂环烷基、5-14元杂环烯基、C6-14芳基和5-14元杂芳基,
R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10相互独立地选自H、C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基、C2-30炔基、C5-8环烷基、C5-8环烯基、5-14元杂环烷基、5-14元杂环烯基、C6-14芳基、5-14元杂芳基、卤素、CN、-SCN、NO2、OH、O-C1-30烷基、O-C2-30烯基、O-C2-30炔基、O-C5-8环烷基、O-C5-8环烯基、O-5-14元杂环烷基、O-5-14元杂环烯基、O-C6-14芳基、O-5-14元杂芳基、SH、S-C1-30烷基、S-C2-30烯基、S-C2-30炔基、S-C5-8环烷基、S-C5-8环烯基、S-5-14元杂环烷基、S-5-14元杂环烯基、S-C6-14芳基、S-5-14元杂芳基、C(O)H、CO-C1-30烷基、CO-C2-30烯基、CO-C2-30炔基、CO-C5-8环烷基、CO-C5-8环烯基、CO-5-14元杂环烷基、CO-5-14元杂环烯基、CO-C6-14芳基、CO-5-14元杂芳基、COOH、NH(C1-30烷基)、N(C1-30烷基)2、CONH2、CONH(C1-30烷基)、CON(C1-30烷基)2、SO2OH、SO2NH2、SO2-C1-30烷基和SO2-C6-14芳基,
其中:
C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基和C2-30炔基可被1-9个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2;且一个或多个CH2基团,但不是C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基和C2-30炔基的相邻CH2基团,且不是与式(1)化合物的核直接连接的CH2基团,可被O或S替代,
C5-8环烷基、C5-8环烯基、5-14元杂环烷基和5-14元杂环烯基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基、C2-20炔基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
C6-14芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基、C2-20炔基、C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基和5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
5-14元杂芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基、C2-20炔基、C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基、C6-10芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
其中:
Ra和Rb独立地选自H、C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基和C2-20炔基,
C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基和C2-20炔基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基选自苯基、ORc、OC(O)-Rc、C(O)-ORc、C(O)-Rc、NRcRd、NRc[C(O)Rd]、N[C(O)Rc][C(O)Rd]、卤素、CN和NO2,
C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基、C6-10芳基和5-10元杂芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-10烷基、C2-10烯基、C2-10炔基、ORc、OC(O)-Rc、C(O)-ORc、C(O)-Rc、NRcRd、NRc[C(O)Rd]、N[C(O)Rc][C(O)Rd]、卤素、CN和NO2,
其中:
Rc和Rd独立地选自H、C1-10烷基、C2-10烯基和C2-10炔基,
其中:
C1-10烷基、C2-10烯基和C2-10炔基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基选自卤素、CN和NO2,
所述方法包括如下步骤:
i)将式2化合物:
其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10如关于式1化合物所定义,
还原成式2’化合物:
其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10如关于式1化合物所定义,
和
ii)将式2’化合物用合适的催化剂处理以得到式1化合物。
优选,第一步骤包括将式2化合物在合适的溶剂如乙酸乙酯的存在下用合适的催化剂如SnCl2处理。优选,第一步骤在升高的温度下,例如在50-150℃,优选60-100℃的温度下进行。
优选,第二步骤的合适催化剂为四氯化钛。优选,第二步骤包括将化合物2’在合适的溶剂如均三甲基苯中用四氯化钛作为催化剂以及合适的碱如DABCO处理。优选,第二步骤在升高的温度下,例如在80-180℃,优选100-150℃的温度下进行。
式2化合物:
其中:
R1和R2相互独立地选自H、C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基、C2-30炔基、C5-8环烷基、C5-8环烯基、5-14元杂环烷基、5-14元杂环烯基、C6-14芳基和5-14元杂芳基,
R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10相互独立地选自H、C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基、C2-30炔基、C5-8环烷基、C5-8环烯基、5-14元杂环烷基、5-14元杂环烯基、C6-14芳基、5-14元杂芳基、卤素、CN、-SCN、NO2、OH、O-C1-30烷基、O-C2-30烯基、O-C2-30炔基、O-C5-8环烷基、O-C5-8环烯基、O-5-14元杂环烷基、O-5-14元杂环烯基、O-C6-14芳基、O-5-14元杂芳基、SH、S-C1-30烷基、S-C2-30烯基、S-C2-30炔基、S-C5-8环烷基、S-C5-8环烯基、S-5-14元杂环烷基、S-5-14元杂环烯基、S-C6-14芳基、S-5-14元杂芳基、C(O)H、CO-C1-30烷基、CO-C2-30烯基、CO-C2-30炔基、CO-C5-8环烷基、CO-C5-8环烯基、CO-5-14元杂环烷基、CO-5-14元杂环烯基、CO-C6-14芳基、CO-5-14元杂芳基、COOH、NH(C1-30烷基)、N(C1-30烷基)2、CONH2、CONH(C1-30烷基)、CON(C1-30烷基)2、SO2OH、SO2NH2、SO2-C1-30烷基和SO2-C6-14芳基,
其中:
C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基和C2-30炔基可被1-9个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2;且一个或多个CH2基团,但不是C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基和C2-30炔基的相邻CH2基团,且不是与式(1)化合物的核直接连接的CH2基团,可被O或S替代,
C5-8环烷基、C5-8环烯基、5-14元杂环烷基和5-14元杂环烯基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基、C2-20炔基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
C6-14芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基、C2-20炔基、C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基和5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
5-14元杂芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基、C2-20炔基、C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基、C6-10芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
其中:
Ra和Rb独立地选自H、C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基和C2-20炔基,
C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基和C2-20炔基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基选自苯基、ORc、OC(O)-Rc、C(O)-ORc、C(O)-Rc、NRcRd、NRc[C(O)Rd]、N[C(O)Rc][C(O)Rd]、卤素、CN和NO2,
C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基、C6-10芳基和5-10元杂芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-10烷基、C2-10烯基、C2-10炔基、ORc、OC(O)-Rc、C(O)-ORc、C(O)-Rc、NRcRd、NRc[C(O)Rd]、N[C(O)Rc][C(O)Rd]、卤素、CN和NO2,
其中:
Rc和Rd独立地选自H、C1-10烷基、C2-10烯基和C2-10炔基,
其中:
C1-10烷基、C2-10烯基和C2-10炔基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基选自卤素、CN和NO2,
可通过将式3化合物:
其中R1和R2如关于式2化合物所定义,
用式4和4’化合物处理而制备:
其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10如关于式2化合物所定义。
优选,反应在碱如K2CO3的存在下并且在合适的溶剂如DMF的存在下进行。优选,反应在升高的温度下,例如在50-150℃,优选60-100℃的温度下进行。
式3化合物可如Potrawa,T.;Langhals,H.Chem.Ber.1987,120,1075-1078,和Woo,C.H.;Beaujuge,P.M.;Holcombe,T.W.;Lee,O.P.;Fréchet,J.M.J.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2010,132,15547-15549所述制备。
本发明的一部分还有式2的中间体化合物:
其中:
R1和R2相互独立地选自H、C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基、C2-30炔基、C5-8环烷基、C5-8环烯基、5-14元杂环烷基、5-14元杂环烯基、C6-14芳基和5-14元杂芳基,
R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10相互独立地选自H、C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基、C2-30炔基、C5-8环烷基、C5-8环烯基、5-14元杂环烷基、5-14元杂环烯基、C6-14芳基、5-14元杂芳基、卤素、CN、-SCN、NO2、OH、O-C1-30烷基、O-C2-30烯基、O-C2-30炔基、O-C5-8环烷基、O-C5-8环烯基、O-5-14元杂环烷基、O-5-14元杂环烯基、O-C6-14芳基、O-5-14元杂芳基、SH、S-C1-30烷基、S-C2-30烯基、S-C2-30炔基、S-C5-8环烷基、S-C5-8环烯基、S-5-14元杂环烷基、S-5-14元杂环烯基、S-C6-14芳基、S-5-14元杂芳基、C(O)H、CO-C1-30烷基、CO-C2-30烯基、CO-C2-30炔基、CO-C5-8环烷基、CO-C5-8环烯基、CO-5-14元杂环烷基、CO-5-14元杂环烯基、CO-C6-14芳基、CO-5-14元杂芳基、COOH、NH(C1-30烷基)、N(C1-30烷基)2、CONH2、CONH(C1-30烷基)、CON(C1-30烷基)2、SO2OH、SO2NH2、SO2-C1-30烷基和SO2-C6-14芳基,
其中:
C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基和C2-30炔基可被1-9个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2;且一个或多个CH2基团,但不是C1-30烷基、C2-30烯基和C2-30炔基的相邻CH2基团,且不是与式(1)化合物的核直接连接的CH2基团,可被O或S替代,
C5-8环烷基、C5-8环烯基、5-14元杂环烷基和5-14元杂环烯基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基、C2-20炔基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
C6-14芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基、C2-20炔基、C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基和5-10元杂芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
5-14元杂芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基、C2-20炔基、C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基、C6-10芳基、ORa、OC(O)-Ra、C(O)-ORa、C(O)-Ra、NRaRb、NRa[C(O)Rb]、N[C(O)Ra][C(O)Rb]、卤素、CN和NO2,
其中:
Ra和Rb独立地选自H、C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基和C2-20炔基,
C1-20烷基、C2-20烯基和C2-20炔基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基选自苯基、ORc、OC(O)-Rc、C(O)-ORc、C(O)-Rc、NRcRd、NRc[C(O)Rd]、N[C(O)Rc][C(O)Rd]、卤素、CN和NO2,
C5-6环烷基、C5-6环烯基、5-10元杂环烷基、5-10元杂环烯基、C6-10芳基和5-10元杂芳基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自C1-10烷基、C2-10烯基、C2-10炔基、ORc、OC(O)-Rc、C(O)-ORc、C(O)-Rc、NRcRd、NRc[C(O)Rd]、N[C(O)Rc][C(O)Rd]、卤素、CN和NO2,
其中:
Rc和Rd独立地选自H、C1-10烷基、C2-10烯基和C2-10炔基,
其中:
C1-10烷基、C2-10烯基和C2-10炔基可被1-5个取代基取代,所述取代基选自卤素、CN和NO2。
本发明的一部分还有包含式1化合物的电子器件。优选,电子器件为有机场效应晶体管(OFET)。
通常,有机场效应晶体管包含介电层、半导体层和基底。另外,有机场效应晶体管通常包含栅电极和源/漏电极。
优选,半导体层包含式1化合物、半导体层可具有5-500nm,优选10-100nm,更优选20-50nm的厚度。
介电层包含介电材料。介电材料可以为二氧化硅或氧化铝,或者有机聚合物,例如聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)(PMMA)、聚(4-乙烯基苯酚)(PVP)、聚(乙烯醇)(PVA)、苯并环丁烯(BCB)或聚酰亚胺(PI)。介电层可具有10-2000nm,优选50-1000nm,更优选100-800nm的厚度。
除介电材料外,介电层可包含有机硅烷衍生物或有机磷酸衍生物的自组装单层。有机硅烷衍生物为辛基三氯硅烷。有机磷酸衍生物的实例为辛基癸基磷酸。介电层中包含的自组装单层通常与半导体层接触。
源/漏电极可由任何合适的源/漏极材料,例如金(Au)或钽(Ta)制成。源/漏电极可具有1-100nm,优选20-70nm的厚度。
栅电极可由任何合适的栅极材料如高度掺杂的硅、铝(Al)、钨(W)、氧化铟锡、金(Au)和/或钽(Ta)制成。栅电极可具有1-200nm,优选5-100nm的厚度。
基底可以为任何合适的基底,例如玻璃,或者塑料基底,例如聚醚砜、聚碳酸酯、聚砜、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)和聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEN)。取决于有机场效应晶体管、栅电极的设计,例如高度掺杂的硅也可充当基底。
有机场效应晶体管可通过本领域中已知的方法制备。
例如底栅有机场效应晶体管可如下制备:可通过合适的沉积方法如原子层沉积或热蒸发而将介电材料,例如Al2O3或二氧化硅作为一个层施涂于栅电极如高度掺杂硅片(其也充当基底)上。可将有机磷酸衍生物或有机硅烷衍生物的自组装单层施涂于介电材料层上。例如,有机磷酸衍生物或有机硅烷衍生物可使用溶液沉积技术由溶液施涂。半导体层可通过将式1化合物溶液沉积或者在真空中热蒸发到有机磷酸衍生物或有机硅烷衍生物的自组装单层上而形成。源/漏电极可通过将合适的源/漏极材料如钽(Ta)和/或金(Au)通过荫罩板沉积到半导体层上而形成。通道宽度(W)通常为50μm,且通道长度(L)通常为1000μm。
本发明的一部分还有式1化合物作为半导体材料的用途。
式1化合物显示出在环境温度、空气和光条件下的高化学稳定性。高化学稳定性意指随着时间过去没有观察到或者几乎没有观察到式1化合物的化学改变,例如氧化、降解或二聚。另外,式1化合物在加热至达70℃的温度达数小时,例如测量13C NMR所需的时间时是稳定的而不具有显著的分解。
另外,式1化合物可溶于有机溶剂中,因此与液体加工技术相容。例如,式1b化合物在环境温度下可溶于常用有机溶剂如氯仿、甲苯和四氢呋喃中。式1c和1d化合物很好地溶于温有机溶剂中。
此外,式1化合物适用作电子器件,特别是有机场效应晶体管(OFET)中的半导体材料。
实施例
实施例1
化合物1a的制备
化合物3a的制备
化合物3a如Potrawa,T.;Langhals,H.Chem.Ber.1987,120,1075-1078所述制备。
化合物2a的制备
将DPP 3a(400mg,1.39毫摩尔)、2-氟-5-三氟甲基-硝基苯(0.78mL,5.56毫摩尔)和K2CO3(770mg,5.56毫摩尔)在DMF(200mL)中的混合物在70℃下搅拌22小时,且悬浮液在反应结束时变得清澈。其后通过过滤除去K2CO3,并通过降低的压力除去溶剂以得到粗产物。将甲醇(10mL)加入粗产物中并将沉淀物过滤,用甲醇(10mL)洗涤直至它变得无色,并在真空下干燥以得到作为黄色固体的化合物2a(490mg,53%)。
1H NMR([D6]DMSO,400MHz,300K):δ=8.60(d,4J=1.8Hz,0.9H),8.53(d,4J=1.8Hz,1.1H),8.25(dd,4J=1.8Hz,3J=8.7Hz,1.1H),8.18(dd,4J=1.6Hz,3J=8.4Hz,0.9H),7.86(d,3J=8.1Hz,1.1H),7.62-7.44(m,10.9H);异构体的比≈0.9/1.1。13C NMR([D6]DMSO,150MHz,343K):δ=161.9,159.4,159.3,146.5,145.9,145.7,132.7,132.0,131.9,131.8,131.5,131.4,130.6,130.54,130.52,129.8,129.5,128.9,128.75,128.67,128.6,125.7,125.6,125.0,123.2,122.8,122.7,122.54,122.51,121.4,109.84,109.79。MS(MALDI TOF,负模式,CHCl3):m/z:关于C32H16F6N4O6的理论值:666.105[M]-,实测值:666.039。HRMS(ESI,正模式,乙腈/氯仿1:1):m/z:关于C32H17F6N4O6的理论值:667.1052[M+H]+,实测值:667.1050。CV(CH2Cl2,0.1M TBAHFP,相对于Fc/Fc+):E red(X/X-)=-1.43V,E1/2 ox(X/X+)=1.04V。UV-Vis(CHCl3):λmax/nm(ε)=464(23800M-1cm-1)。
化合物1a的制备
将化合物2a(120mg,0.18毫摩尔)和SnCl2·2H2O(410mg,1.8毫摩尔)在乙酸乙酯(25mL)中的混合物在氩气下在78℃下加热3小时。在溶液冷却至室温以后,通过加入10%含水碳酸氢钠而使pH为轻微碱性的(pH 7-8),然后用乙酸乙酯萃取。收集有机相并经硫酸镁干燥,并在降低的压力下除去溶剂以得到粗产物,将其用甲醇(5mL)洗涤,并在真空下干燥以得到所需中间产物二胺-DPP,其不经进一步提纯而用于下一步骤。
将来自先前步骤的粗二胺-DPP(110mg)和DABCO(90mg,0.80毫摩尔)溶于均三甲基苯(70mL)中,同时加热至120℃,保持10分钟。将在均三甲基苯中(2mL)的四氯化钛(0.14mL,1.30毫摩尔)逐滴加入反应混合物中,并将溶液在120℃下保持另外30分钟。将热反应快速地滴入50mL水中,用少量乙酸乙酯洗涤,并使有机相通过使用氯仿作为洗提液的中性氧化铝柱。在真空下除去溶剂,并将残余物用2mL甲醇洗涤以得到作为红色固体的纯化合物1a(15mg)。由化合物2a至1a的两个步骤的总收率为15%。
1H NMR([D2]四氯乙烷,600Hz,353K):δ=8.15(d,3J=7.4Hz,4H),7.96(s,2H),7.70-7.65(m,6H),7.45(d,3J=8.5Hz,2H),7.39(d,3J=8.5Hz,2H)。13C NMR([D2]四氯乙烷,150Hz,343K):δ=139.3,133.5,132.4,129.6,129.5,127.2,126.0,125.6,124.0,121.4,121.3,120.6,119.1,119.1,120.0,117.7,116.9,116.7,116.5,112.2。MS(MALDI TOF,负模式,CHCl3):m/z:关于C32H16F6N4的理论值:570.128[M]-,实测值:570.110。HRMS(ESI,正模式,乙腈/氯仿1:1):m/z:关于C32H17F6N4的理论值:571.1357[M+H]+,实测值:571.1353。CV(CH2Cl2,0.1M TBAHFP,相对于Fc/Fc+):E1/2 red(X/X-)=-1.31V,Eox(X/X+)=0.99V。UV-Vis(CHCl3):λmax/nm(ε)=484(15700M-1cm-1)。
实施例2
化合物1b的制备
化合物3b的制备
化合物3b如Potrawa,T.;Langhals,H.Chem.Ber.1987,120,1075-1078所述制备。
化合物2b的制备
将DPP 3b(200mg,0.5毫摩尔)、2-氟-5-三氟甲基-硝基苯(0.28mL,2毫摩尔)和K2CO3(276mg,2毫摩尔)在DMF(100mL)中的混合物在70℃下搅拌24小时。在反应溶液冷却至室温以后,通过过滤除去K2CO3并在降低的压力下除去溶剂以得到粗产物。将甲醇加入后者中,并将沉淀物过滤,用甲醇洗涤直至它变得无色,并在真空下干燥以得到作为红色固体的化合物2b(195mg,50%)。
1H NMR:(CDCl3,400Hz,300K):δ=8.39(d,4J=1.7Hz,0.8H),8.34(d,4J=1.8Hz,1.2H),7.91(dd,4J=1.6Hz,3J=8.4Hz,1.2H),7.79(dd,4J=1.6Hz,3J=8.4Hz,0.8H),7.60-7.58(m,1.6H),7.54-7.48(m,3.6H),7.40-7.36(m,4H),7.20(d,3J=8.3Hz,0.8H),1.30(s,7.2H),1.29(s,10.8H)。异构体的比≈0.8/1.2。13C NMR(CDCl3,100Hz,300K):δ=160.3,160.1,156.4,156.3,146.8,146.7,146.3,145.9,132.7,132.6,131.9,131.5,131.2,131.1,130.9,130.3,130.26,130.23,129.8,129.5,129.2,126.14,126.09 123.8,123.4,123.2,122.99,122.95 121.1,110.8,110.5,31.0,30.9。HRMS(ESI,正模式,乙腈/氯仿1:1):m/z:关于C40H33F6N4O6的理论值:779.2304[M+H]+,实测值:779.2301。CV(CH2Cl2,0.1M TBAHFP,相对于Fc/Fc+):E red(X/X-)=-1.53V,E1/2 ox(X/X+)=0.94V。UV-Vis(CHCl3):λmax/nm(ε)=483(29600M-1cm-1)。
化合物1b的制备
将化合物2b(110mg,0.14毫摩尔)和SnCl2·2H2O(320mg,2.6毫摩尔)在乙酸乙酯(25mL)中的混合物在氩气下在78℃下加热3小时。在溶液冷却至室温以后,通过加入10%含水碳酸氢钠而使pH为轻微碱性的(pH 7-8),然后用乙酸乙酯萃取。分离有机相并经硫酸镁干燥,并在降低的压力下除去溶剂以得到粗产物,将其用甲醇洗涤,并在真空下干燥以得到所需产物二胺-DPP,其不经进一步提纯而用于下一步骤。将来自先前步骤的粗二胺-DPP(100mg)和DABCO(110mg,1.0毫摩尔)溶于均三甲基苯(100mL)中,同时加热至120℃,保持10分钟。将在均三甲基苯中(2mL)的四氯化钛(0.18mL,1.65毫摩尔)逐滴加入反应混合物中,并将溶液在120℃下保持约50分钟。在反应完成以后,将热溶液立即滴入50mL水中,并用少量乙酸乙酯萃取。使有机相通过使用氯仿作为洗提液的中性氧化铝柱并在降低的压力下除去溶剂。将残余物用甲醇(2mL)洗涤以得到作为红色固体的化合物1b(13mg)。由2b至1b的两个步骤的总收率为14%。
1H NMR(CDCl3,400Hz,300K):δ=8.12(d,3J=8.3Hz,4H),8.00(s,2H),7.75(d,3J=8.5Hz,2H),7.56(d,3J=8.5Hz,2H)。7.43(d,3J=8.5Hz,2H),1.26(s,18H)。13C NMR(CDCl3,100Hz,300K):δ=155.1,152.4,148.3,138.1,135.4,132.1,128.0,125.5,125.0,124.7,124.6,123.0,122.0,119.9,117.6,117.6,115.7,111.1,30.2,28.7。MS(MALDI TOF,负模式,CHCl3):m/z:关于C40H32F6N4的理论值:682.253[M]-,实测值:682.232。HRMS(ESI,正模式,乙腈/氯仿1:1):m/z:关于C40H33F6N4的理论值:683.2610[M+H]+,实测值:683.2610。CV(CH2Cl2,0.1M TBAHFP,相对于Fc/Fc+):E1/2 red(X/X-)=-1.39V,Eox(X/X+)=0.96V。UV-Vis(CHCl3):λmax/nm(ε)=494(24900M-1cm-1)。
实施例3
化合物1c的制备
化合物3c的制备
化合物3c如Woo,C.H.;Beaujuge,P.M.;Holcombe,T.W.;Lee,O.P.;Fréchet,J.M.J.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2010,132,15547-15549所述制备。
化合物2c的制备
将DPP 3c(400mg,1.33毫摩尔)、2-氟-5-三氟甲基-硝基苯(0.75mL,5.32毫摩尔)和K2CO3(736mg,5.32毫摩尔)在DMF(50mL)中的混合物在70℃下搅拌24小时。在反应冷却至室温以后,通过过滤除去K2CO3,用5mL氯仿萃取两次,并在降低的压力下除去收集的溶剂。将甲醇加入粗产物中,并将沉淀物过滤,用甲醇洗涤直至它变得无色,并在真空下干燥以得到作为红色固体的化合物2c(489mg,54%)。
1H NMR([D6]DMSO,600Hz,350K):δ=8.69(d,4J=2.0Hz,0.8H),8.66(d,4J=2.0Hz,1.2H),8.38-8.36(m,4H),8.25(d,3J=8.2Hz,1.2H),8.10(d,3J=8.2Hz,0.8H),7.95-7.93(m,2H),7.29-7.27(m,2H);异构体的比≈0.8/1.2。13C NMR([D6]DMSO,150Hz,343K):δ=161.9,159.2,159.1,147.3,147.2,138.7,38.6,134.8,134.7,134.6,134.30,134.25,134.1,131.5,131.3,131.2,131.12,131.08,128.4,128.3,128.2,123.2,123.0,122.9,122.8,122.7,121.4,107.2。MS(MALDI TOF,负模式,CHCl3):m/z:关于C28H12F6N4O6S2的理论值:678.010[M]-,实测值:678.991。HRMS(ESI,正模式,乙腈/氯仿1:1):m/z:关于C28H13F6N4O6S2的理论值:679.0181[M+H]+,实测值:679.0174。CV(CH2Cl2,0.1M TBAHFP,相对于Fc/Fc+):Ered(X/X-)=-1.37V,E1/2 ox(X/X+)=0.76V,E1/2 ox(X+/X2+)=1.09V。UV-Vis(CHCl3):λmax/nm(ε)=502(29100),537(33000M-1cm-1)。
化合物1c的制备
将化合物2c(130mg,0.20毫摩尔)和SnCl2·2H2O(344mg,2.6毫摩尔)在乙酸乙酯(30mL)中的混合物在氩气下在70℃下加热3小时。在溶液冷却至室温以后,通过加入10%含水碳酸氢钠而使pH为轻微碱性的(pH 7-8),然后用乙酸乙酯萃取。分离有机相并经硫酸镁干燥。在降低的压力下除去溶剂并将残余物在真空下干燥以得到所需产物二胺-DPP,其不经进一步提纯而用于下一步骤。
将来自先前步骤的粗产物(120mg)和DABCO(140mg,1.25毫摩尔)溶于均三甲基苯(150mL)中,同时加热至125℃,保持10分钟。将在均三甲基苯中(2mL)的四氯化钛(0.18mL,1.63毫摩尔)逐滴加入反应混合物中,将溶液在125℃下保持约60分钟。将热反应溶液快速地滴入50mL水中,用少量乙酸乙酯萃取,并使有机相通过使用氯仿作为洗提液的中性氧化铝柱。在降低的压力下除去溶剂,并将残余物用甲醇洗涤以得到作为深棕色固体的纯1c(22mg)。由化合物2c至1c的两个步骤的总收率为20%。
1H NMR([D2]四氯乙烷,600Hz,350K):δ=8.50(dd,3J=3.7Hz,4J=0.8Hz,2H),8.01-8.0(m,4H),7.78(dd,3J=5.0Hz,4J=0.9Hz,2H),7.46(dd,3J=8.5Hz,4J=1.0Hz,2H),7.42-7.40(m,2H)。13C NMR([D2]四氯乙烷,150Hz,343K):δ=153.3,149.7,134.8,133.2,132.3,131.9,129.6,128.9,126.4,126.1,125.6,123.9,123.8,121.30,121.28,120.6,119.12,119.09,116.7,116.5,116.2,112.5,99.9,80.1,80.0,79.8。MS(MALDITOF,负模式,CHCl3):m/z:关于C28H12F6N4S2的理论值:582.041实测值:582.002。HRMS(ESI,正模式,乙腈/氯仿1:1):m/z:关于C28H13F6N4S2的理论值:583.0486。[M+H]+,实测值:583.0483。CV(CH2Cl2,0.1M TBAHFP,相对于Fc/Fc+):E1/2 red(X/X-)=-1.27V,Eox(X/X+)=0.84V,Eox(X+/X2+)=1.02V。UV-Vis(CHCl3):λmax/nm(ε)=527(25500M-1cm-1)。
实施例4
化合物1d的制备
化合物3d的制备
化合物3d如Woo,C.H.;Beaujuge,P.M.;Holcombe,T.W.;Lee,O.P.;Fréchet,J.M.J.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2010,132,15547-15549所述制备。
化合物2d的制备
将DPP 3d(400mg,1.5毫摩尔)、2-氟-5-三氟甲基-硝基苯(0.64mL,6.0毫摩尔)和K2CO3(828mg,3.0毫摩尔)在DMF(160mL)中的溶液在70℃下搅拌5小时。通过过滤除去K2CO3,并在降低的压力下除去溶剂。将甲醇加入粗产物中并将固体过滤,用甲醇洗涤,直至它变得无色,并在真空下干燥,提供作为红色固体的2d(550mg,57%)。
1H NMR([D6]DMSO,600Hz,300K):δ=8.66(d,4J=2.0Hz,0.8H),8.63(d,4J=2.0Hz,1.2H),8.39-8.36(m,2H),8.22(d,3J=8.2Hz,1.2H),8.08(d,3J=8.2Hz,0.8H),7.89(dd,3J=1.6Hz,4J=0.5Hz,0.8H),7.87(dd,3J=1.6Hz,4J=0.5Hz,1.2H),7.80-7.79(m,2H),6.84-6.82(m,2H);异构体的比≈0.8/1.2。13C NMR([D6]DMSO,150Hz,343K):δ=158.9,148.6,148.4,146.7,146.6,142.5,142.3,133.7,133.4,132.7,132.6,132.3,131.2,131.1,130.6,130.4,123.7,123.0,122.8,122.7,121.9,121.8,120.6,120.4,114.1,114.0,105.8,54.9。HRMS(ESI,正模式,乙腈/氯仿1:1):m/z:关于C28H13F6N4O8的理论值:647.0638,[M+H]+,实测值:647.0603。CV(CH2Cl2,0.1M TBAHFP,相对于Fc/Fc+):Ered(X/X-)=-1.39V,E1/2 ox(X/X+)=0.75V,E1/2 ox(X+/X2+)=0.94V。UV-Vis(CHCl3):λmax/nm(ε)=492(31400),530(46700M-1cm-1)。
化合物1d的制备
该化合物通过使用与适用于由2c合成化合物1c相同的程序而由化合物2d合成。1d的收率:17%。
1H NMR([D2]四氯乙烷,600Hz,350K):δ=8.39(d,3J=2.9Hz,2H),8.28(d,3J=8.4Hz,2H),7.98(s,2H),7.86(2H),7.52(d,3J=8.4Hz,2H)。6.89-6.88(m,2H)。MS(MALDITOF,负模式,CHCl3):m/z:关于C28H12F6N4O2的理论值:550.086[M]-,实测值:550.013。HRMS(ESI,正模式,乙腈/氯仿1:1):m/z:关于C28H13F6N4O2的理论值:551.0943[M+H]+,实测值:551.0936。CV(CH2Cl2,0.1M TBAHFP,相对于Fc/Fc+):E1/2 red(X/X-)=-1.27V,Eox(X/X+)=0.72V,Eox(X+/X2+)=1.06V。UV-Vis(CHCl3):λmax/nm(ε)=570(28500M-1cm-1)。
实施例5
化合物1a的化学稳定性试验
将化合物1a溶于氯仿中(c=9.0×10-6M),并在室温下储存在环境空气和光条件下。在常规石英池(光路径10mm)中在室温下储存0,1,2,3和4天以后在Perkin-ElmerLambda 950分光计上记录溶于氯仿中的化合物1a(c=9.0×10-6M)的UV-Vis吸收光谱。在4天以后没有观察到化学改变,例如降解。
实施例6
包含化合物1c作为半导体材料的晶体管的制备
高度掺杂的p-型硅(100)片(0.01-0.02Ω·cm)用作基底A。具有100nm厚的热生长SiO2层(容量34nF/cm2)的高度掺杂的p-型硅(100)片(0.005-0.02Ω·cm)用作基底B。
通过在Leybold UNIVEX 300真空蒸发器中在2×10-6毫巴的压力下并以1nm/s的蒸发速率由钨丝热蒸发而向基底A上沉积30nm厚的铝层。铝层的表面通过在Oxford反应性离子蚀刻机(RIE,氧气流速:30sccm,压力:10毫托,等离子体功率:200W,等离子体持续时间30秒)中简短地暴露于氧等离子体而氧化,然后将基底浸入膦酸的2-丙醇溶液(C14H29PO(OH)2[TDPA]的1mMol溶液或者C7F15C11H22PO(OH)2[FODPA]的1mMol溶液)中,并在溶液中保持1小时,这导致在氧化铝表面上形成膦酸分子的自组装单层(SAM)。将基底从溶液中取出并用纯2-丙醇冲洗,在氮气流中干燥并在100℃的温度的热板上保持10分钟。基底A上AlOx/SAM栅极绝缘层的容量在C14H29PO(OH)2的情况下为810nF/cm2,在C7F15C11H22PO(OH)2的情况下为710nF/cm2。
在基底B上,通过在Cambridge NanoTech Savannah中原子层沉积(在250℃的基底温度下80个循环)而沉积约8nm厚的Al2O3层。氧化铝层的表面通过在Oxford反应性离子蚀刻机(RIE,氧气流速:30sccm,压力:10毫托,等离子体功率:200W,等离子体持续时间30秒)中简短地暴露于氧等离子体而氧化,然后将基底浸入膦酸的2-丙醇溶液(C14H29PO(OH)2[TDPA]的1mMol溶液或者C7F15C11H22PO(OH)2[FODPA]的1mMol溶液)中,并在溶液中保持1小时,这导致在氧化铝表面上形成膦酸分子的自组装单层(SAM)。将基底从溶液中取出并用纯2-丙醇冲洗,在氮气流中干燥并在100℃的温度的热板上保持10分钟。基底B上SiO2/AlOx/SAM栅极绝缘层的总容量为32nF/cm2(不依赖于膦酸的选择)。
TDPA处理基底上的水接触角为108°,FODPA处理基底上的水接触角为118°。
通过在Leybold UNIVEX 300真空蒸发器中在2×10-6毫巴的压力下并以0.3nm/s的蒸发速率由钼舟皿热升华而沉积30nm厚的化合物1c膜。
对于源和漏极触点,在Leybold UNIVEX 300真空蒸发器中在2×10-6毫巴的压力下并以0.3nm/s的蒸发速率通过荫罩板由钨舟皿蒸发而沉积30nm厚的金。晶体管具有10-100μm的通道长度(L)和50-1000μm的通道宽度(W)。
为了能够接触硅片的背面,将晶片(其也用作晶体管的栅电极)刮擦在背面上并用银墨涂覆。
实施例7
测量实施例6的晶体管的电特性
在Micromanipulator 6200探针台上使用Agilent 4156C半导体参数分析仪测量实施例6的晶体管的电特性。所有测量在空气中在室温下进行。通过将它们谨慎地放在金触点上而使探针与晶体管的源和漏极触点接触。栅电极通过测量期间晶片置于其上的金属基底夹持器接触。
为得到传递曲线,将漏-源极电压(VDS)保持为3V(在基底A的情况下)或40V(在基底B的情况下)。栅-源极电压VGS以中等速度以0.03V的步阶从0至3V(基底A)或者以0.4V的步阶从0至40V(基底B)摆动并返回。在饱和情况下从(ID)1/2相对于VGS的斜度提取载荷子迁移率。
为得到输出特性,使漏-源极电压(VDS)以中等速度以0.03V的步阶从0至3V(基底A)或者以0.4V的步阶从0至40V(基底B)摆动,同时将漏-源极电压VGS保持在8个不同的电压(例如在基底A的情况下0、0.5、1、1.5、2、2.5、3V,或者在基底B的情况下0、10、20、30、40V)。
结果描述于表1中。
表1
Claims (6)
1.式(1)的化合物:
其中:
R1和R2相互独立地选自苯基,
其可被1或2个独立地选自C1-20烷基的取代基取代,
R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10相互独立地选自H和CF3。
2.制备权利要求1的式(1)化合物的方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
i)将式(2)化合物:
其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10如权利要求1中所定义,
还原成式(2’)化合物:
其中R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10如权利要求1中所定义,
ii)将式(2’)化合物用四氯化钛处理以得到式(1)化合物。
3.式(2)的化合物:
其中:
R1和R2相互独立地选自苯基,
其可被1或2个独立地选自C1-20烷基的取代基取代,
R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9和R10相互独立地选自H和CF3。
4.电子器件,其包含根据权利要求1的式(1)化合物。
5.根据权利要求4的电子器件,其中电子器件为有机场效应晶体管(OFET)。
6.根据权利要求1的式(1)化合物作为半导体材料的用途。
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JP2017510586A (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
WO2015145315A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
US20180175305A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
EP3129382A4 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
KR101881683B1 (ko) | 2018-07-24 |
CN106103449A (zh) | 2016-11-09 |
KR20160120782A (ko) | 2016-10-18 |
JP6282355B2 (ja) | 2018-02-21 |
US20180176272A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
EP3129382A1 (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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