CN106094445B - Method for manufacturing nano-scale metal structure with large height-width ratio - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing nano-scale metal structure with large height-width ratio Download PDF

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CN106094445B
CN106094445B CN201610407163.0A CN201610407163A CN106094445B CN 106094445 B CN106094445 B CN 106094445B CN 201610407163 A CN201610407163 A CN 201610407163A CN 106094445 B CN106094445 B CN 106094445B
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metal
photoresist
monocrystalline
metal structure
monocrystalline silicon
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CN106094445A (en
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李海亮
史丽娜
牛洁斌
王冠亚
谢常青
刘明
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Institute of Microelectronics of CAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/20Exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/2035Exposure; Apparatus therefor simultaneous coating and exposure; using a belt mask, e.g. endless
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/02Electroplating of selected surface areas
    • C25D5/022Electroplating of selected surface areas using masking means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/027Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
    • H01L21/0271Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
    • H01L21/0273Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
    • H01L21/0274Photolithographic processes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Weting (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for manufacturing a nano metal structure with a large height-width ratio, which comprises the following steps: evaporating a metal material using an electron beam to form a metal thin film pattern on a single crystal silicon substrate having specific parameters; soaking the monocrystalline silicon substrate with the metal film pattern on the surface in the mixed solution for catalytic corrosion for a period of time to form a deep silicon groove with a large height-to-width ratio on the monocrystalline silicon substrate; taking the metal film at the bottom of the deep silicon groove as a conductive electroplating seed layer, and immersing the monocrystalline silicon substrate with the deep silicon groove in electroplating solution for electroplating to increase the thickness of the metal film to a specified height so as to form a metal structure with a specified aspect ratio; and immersing the monocrystalline silicon substrate formed with the metal structures with the specified aspect ratio in the mixed solution for isotropic wet etching for a period of time to remove monocrystalline silicon between the metal structures. The nano-scale metal structure manufactured by the manufacturing method has a large aspect ratio.

Description

The production method of large ratio of height to width nano level metal structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of nano-processing more particularly to a kind of production sides of large ratio of height to width nano level metal structure Method.
Background technique
For the phase-type diffraction optical element of high accuracy X-ray wave band, in order to obtain required position phase, it is necessary to make Large ratio of height to width nano level metal structure.Currently, being mainly to utilize multilayer adhesive process and dry etching in nanofabrication technique Technique makes large ratio of height to width nano level metal structure, i.e., using thicker photoresist as mask, passes through dry etching work Skill carries out deep silicon etching.
In the implementation of the present invention, inventor's discovery at least has the following technical problems in the prior art:
Due to the isotropic etching of photoresist, lateral etching precision is difficult to control, so that thicker photoresist exists The figure due to caused by developer solution tension is easy to appear when development to collapse problem;Metal is formed by when subsequent dry etching simultaneously There is also the problems of line width steepness difference for structure.Making the depth-width ratio of the nano level metal structure of production for these reasons has Limit, i.e. its depth-width ratio are difficult to be greater than 10.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of production method of large ratio of height to width nano level metal structure, The figure that can occur when avoiding photoresist developing collapse problem and dry etching depth silicon when the line width steepness that occurs it is poor The problem of, and the depth-width ratio of the nano level metal structure of its production is big.
The present invention provides a kind of production method of large ratio of height to width nano level metal structure, including:
The spin coating photoresist in the monocrystalline substrate of special parameter, and electron beam exposure is carried out to the photoresist and is shown Shadow, to form grating mask slot in the photoresist;
Using electron beam evaporation metal material, to form metallic film in the grating mask slot;
Remaining photoresist in the monocrystalline substrate is removed, to form metallic film figure on the monocrystalline substrate surface Case;
Using the metallic film as catalyst, the monocrystalline substrate that surface is formed with metal thin film patterns is immersed in by hydrogen Catalyzed corrosion is carried out for a period of time in the mixed liquor of fluoric acid, hydrogen peroxide and deionized water composition, in the monocrystalline substrate The deep silicon slot of large ratio of height to width is formed,;
Using the metallic film of the deep silicon trench bottom as conductive plated seed layer, will there is the monocrystalline silicon of deep silicon slot to serve as a contrast Bottom is immersed in electroplate liquid and is electroplated, and the thickness to increase the metallic film specifies depth-width ratio to specified altitude assignment to be formed Metal structure;
The monocrystalline substrate for being formed with the metal structure of specified depth-width ratio is immersed in and is made of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and acetic acid Isotropism wet etching is carried out for a period of time in mixed liquor, to remove the monocrystalline silicon between the metal structure;
The special parameter includes crystal orientation, doping type and the resistivity of monocrystalline silicon.
The production method of large ratio of height to width nano level metal structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, compared with prior art, The metal structure for only needing to form very thin metal thin film patternsization on the monosilicon large ratio of height to width, from may be not present The figure due to caused by developer solution tension occurred when photoresist is very thick collapse problem and dry etching depth silicon when the line that occurs The problem of wide steepness difference;And it is big using the depth-width ratio of the nano level metal structure of production method production of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the production method of large ratio of height to width nano level metal structure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the metal thin film patterns in above-described embodiment.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only It is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill Personnel's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of production method of large ratio of height to width nano level metal structure, the method packet It includes:
Step 1) spin coating photoresist in the monocrystalline substrate of special parameter, and electron beam exposure is carried out to the photoresist With development, in the photoresist formed grating mask slot.
Wherein, the special parameter includes crystal orientation, doping type and the resistivity of monocrystalline silicon, specifically, the monocrystalline silicon Crystal orientation be<100>, the monocrystalline silicon is p-type doping, and the resistivity of the monocrystalline silicon is greater than 10cm.
Wherein, the photoresist be PMMA photoresist, the PMMA photoresist with a thickness of 200nm.
Step 2) utilizes electron beam evaporation metal material, to form metallic film in the grating mask slot.
Wherein, the metal material is gold, platinum or silver, the metallic film with a thickness of 10nm~50nm.
Step 3) removes remaining photoresist in the monocrystalline substrate, to form metal on the monocrystalline substrate surface Thinfilm pattern.
Wherein, the characteristic size of the metal thin film patterns is 10nm~3 μm.
Step 4) is soaked the monocrystalline substrate that surface is formed with metal thin film patterns using the metallic film as catalyst Catalyzed corrosion is carried out for a period of time in the mixed liquor being made of hydrofluoric acid, hydrogen peroxide and deionized water, in the monocrystalline silicon The deep silicon slot of large ratio of height to width is formed on substrate.
Wherein, the molar ratio of the hydrofluoric acid, hydrogen peroxide and deionized water mixing is 5.9:0.3:48.
Step 5) will have the list of deep silicon slot using the metallic film of the deep silicon trench bottom as conductive plated seed layer Crystalline silicon substrate is immersed in electroplate liquid and is electroplated, and the thickness to increase the metallic film specifies height to specified altitude assignment to be formed The metal structure of wide ratio.
Wherein, the molar ratio of the hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and acetic acid mixing is 23:4:1.
The monocrystalline substrate for being formed with the metal structure of specified depth-width ratio is immersed in by hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and acetic acid by step 6) Isotropism wet etching is carried out for a period of time in the mixed liquor of composition, to remove the monocrystalline silicon between the metal structure.
The production method of large ratio of height to width nano level metal structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, compared with prior art, The metal structure for only needing to form very thin metal thin film patternsization on the monosilicon large ratio of height to width, from may be not present The figure due to caused by developer solution tension occurred when photoresist is very thick collapse problem and dry etching depth silicon when the line that occurs The problem of wide steepness difference;And it is big using the depth-width ratio of the nano level metal structure of production method production of the invention.
The present invention is described in further details below by a specific example.
Step 1) the PMMA photoresist that spin coating a layer thickness is 200nm on a monocrystaline silicon substrate, and to the PMMA photoetching Glue carries out electron beam exposure and development, to form grating mask slot in the PMMA photoresist.
Wherein, the crystal orientation of the monocrystalline silicon is<100>, the monocrystalline silicon is p-type doping, and the resistivity of the monocrystalline silicon is big In 10cm.
Step 2) utilizes electron beam evaporation gold material, to be formed in the grating mask slot with a thickness of 20nm gold thin film.
Step 3) removes remaining PMMA photoresist in the monocrystalline substrate, to be formed on the monocrystalline substrate surface Gold thin film pattern, as shown in Fig. 2, the gold thin film pattern is made of multiple squares of periodic arrangement.
Wherein, the characteristic size of the gold thin film pattern is 200nm, i.e., the side length of each square is 200nm.
Step 4) using the gold thin film as catalyst, by surface be formed with belong to Thinfilm pattern monocrystalline substrate be immersed in by It is carried out catalyzed corrosion 10 minutes in the mixed liquor of hydrofluoric acid, hydrogen peroxide and deionized water composition, in the monocrystalline substrate Forming depth-width ratio is 100:1 deep silicon slot.
Wherein, the molar ratio of the hydrofluoric acid, hydrogen peroxide and deionized water mixing is 5.9:0.3:48.
Step 5) will have the monocrystalline of deep silicon slot using the gold thin film of the deep silicon trench bottom as conductive plated seed layer Silicon substrate is immersed in gold plating bath and is electroplated, and the thickness to increase the gold thin film is to form depth-width ratio to specified altitude assignment 100:1 golden structure.
Wherein, the molar ratio of the hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and acetic acid mixing is 23:4:1.
It is 100 that step 6), which will be formed with depth-width ratio,:The monocrystalline substrate of 1 golden structure is immersed in by hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and vinegar It is carried out isotropism wet etching 3 minutes in the mixed liquor of acid composition, to remove the monocrystalline silicon between the golden structure.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the art, all answers It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope in claims.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of production method of large ratio of height to width nano level metal structure, which is characterized in that including:
The spin coating photoresist in the monocrystalline substrate of special parameter, and electron beam exposure and development are carried out to the photoresist, with Grating mask slot is formed in the photoresist;
Using electron beam evaporation metal material, to form metallic film in the grating mask slot;
Remaining photoresist in the monocrystalline substrate is removed, to form metal thin film patterns on the monocrystalline substrate surface;
Using the metallic film as catalyst, the monocrystalline substrate that surface is formed with metal thin film patterns is immersed in by hydrogen fluorine Catalyzed corrosion is carried out for a period of time in the mixed liquor of acid, hydrogen peroxide and deionized water composition, with the shape in the monocrystalline substrate At the deep silicon slot of large ratio of height to width;
Using the metallic film of the deep silicon trench bottom as conductive plated seed layer, will there is the monocrystalline substrate of deep silicon slot to soak It is electroplated in electroplate liquid, the thickness to increase the metallic film specifies the metal of depth-width ratio with formation to specified altitude assignment Structure;
The monocrystalline substrate for being formed with the metal structure of specified depth-width ratio is immersed in the mixing being made of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and acetic acid Isotropism wet etching is carried out for a period of time in liquid, to remove the monocrystalline silicon between the metal structure;
The special parameter includes crystal orientation, doping type and the resistivity of monocrystalline silicon;
The photoresist be PMMA photoresist, the PMMA photoresist with a thickness of 200nm.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the crystal orientation of the monocrystalline silicon is<100>, the monocrystalline silicon is The resistivity of p-type doping, the monocrystalline silicon is greater than 10 Ω cm.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the metal material is gold, platinum or silver, the metal Film with a thickness of 10nm~50nm.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the hydrofluoric acid, hydrogen peroxide and deionized water mixing rub Your ratio is 5.9:0.3:48.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and acetic acid mixing It is 23:4:1.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic size of the metal thin film patterns is the μ of 10nm~3 m。
CN201610407163.0A 2016-06-12 2016-06-12 Method for manufacturing nano-scale metal structure with large height-width ratio Active CN106094445B (en)

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CN108018587A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-05-11 天津大学 A kind of method that graphical cobalt nanowire array is prepared based on polycarbonate template method
CN108048882A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-05-18 天津大学 A kind of method that graphical cobalt nanowire array is prepared based on anodic oxidation aluminium formwork method
CN109827981B (en) * 2019-02-28 2020-07-31 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 Preparation method of X-ray all-optical solid ultrafast detection chip modulation grating and grating
CN110286432B (en) * 2019-06-25 2021-08-10 安徽工程大学 Preparation method of X-ray gold transmission grating
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