CN106069094A - A kind of hardening off method improving cucumber seedling vigor - Google Patents
A kind of hardening off method improving cucumber seedling vigor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106069094A CN106069094A CN201610491828.0A CN201610491828A CN106069094A CN 106069094 A CN106069094 A CN 106069094A CN 201610491828 A CN201610491828 A CN 201610491828A CN 106069094 A CN106069094 A CN 106069094A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hardening off method improving cucumber seedling vigor, comprise the steps: (1) seedling exercising substrate prepare, (2) determine root nutritional solution prepare, (3) seedling replanting, (4) transplant after manage.The collocation of the inventive method each step is scientific and reasonable, meets the growth rhythm of cucumber seedling, and way to manage is the most careful, reduces traditional approach and easily causes the problem of seedling damage, has good universality, more guiding value to cucumber seedling；The cucumber seedling rhizome more enzymatic activity relevant with resistance of nutrition content sturdy, internal after seedling exercising is obviously improved, the survival rate more than 99% of seedling exercising, the fixed survival rate more than 98% planted after seedling exercising, the quality of educated cucumber fruits is preferably promoted, in fruit, Vitamin C content improves 60 ~ 70%, calcium element content improves 25 ~ 35%, the per mu yield of fruit improves 15 ~ 20%, has good economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of planting, be specifically related to a kind of hardening off method improving cucumber seedling vigor.
Background technology
Fructus Cucumidis sativi contains abundant nutrition, the element such as including protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, ferrum, and dimension is raw
Element C, carotene, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, multiple free amino acid and volatile oil, cucurbitacin, cucumber chitinase etc., possibly together with energy
The composition of enough anticancer breedings.Therefore, from the angle of threpsology, it is to be very suitable for one of vegetable that everybody is eaten for a long time.
Now during green cucumber, the generally fixed mode planted after the first nursery of employing, typically require after nursery, before fixed cultivation and carry out
Seedling exercising operates in order to make seedling preferably adapt to external environment condition, strengthens its resistance, it is ensured that survival rate.Existing seedling exercising
Method is the most rough, whether reasonable generally the judgement by the growing way of seedling of the factor such as temperature, humidity, illumination management, this side
Formula is easily caused seedling and irreversible damage occurs, and then reduces seedling exercising effect, additionally, the existing hardening off method time is longer,
Mostly being about one week, the quality after seedling exercising is uneven, and will not have clear improvement the quality of fruit.
Summary of the invention
It is desirable to provide a kind of hardening off method improving cucumber seedling vigor, methodological science is reasonable, and raised an infant Seedling is long
Gesture is vigorous, and cucumber fruits quality is the most preferably improved.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of hardening off method improving cucumber seedling vigor, comprises the steps:
(1) prepared by seedling exercising substrate:
Weigh following material the most by weight: 5 parts of pinaster wood flours, 2 parts of Vermiculitums, 4 parts of turfy soils, 1 part of celestial soil, 4 parts of fluvial sand；
B. pinaster wood dust is broken into the graininess of a length of 1 ~ 2cm, then put it into rice washing water soaks take out after 1h standby
With；
C. the pinaster wood flour of upper step gained is mixed jointly with Vermiculitum, turfy soil, celestial soil, fluvial sand, add its gross mass 0.8%
Antibacterial carry out sterilization treatment, after stirring seedling exercising substrate standby；
(2) determine root nutritional solution to prepare:
Weigh following material the most by weight: 0.2 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.3 part of boric acid, 0.3 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.2 part of zinc sulfate,
0.1 part of copper sulfate, 0.2 part of calcium chloride, 0.3 part of potassium fulvate, 0.8 part of heteroauxing, 0.5 part of gibberellins, 1 part of ethylenediamine tetrem
Acid disodium, 0.2 part of vitamin A, 0.3 part of vitamin C, 0.2 part of vitamin E, 11 parts of alginate jellys, 1000 parts of water；
B. water is heated to 75 ~ 80 DEG C, then alginate jelly is added, after constantly mixing to uniformly, by solution temperature
It is cooled to 40 ~ 45 DEG C, then by ferrous sulfate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium chloride, potassium fulvate, indole second
Acid, gibberellins, disodiumedetate, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E add jointly, continue to be stirred until homogeneous,
After rear insulation 15min, get Ding Gen nutritional solution is standby；
(3) seedling replanting:
A. the long cucumber seedling to 3 ~ 4 true leaves is removed from seedling bed, be then 20cm × 15cm's by it by distance between rows and hills
Mode is planted surely in the seedling exercising substrate of step (1) gained, waters once after fixed cultivation；
B. watering after 2 ~ 3h, be sprayed in seedling exercising substrate by the root nutritional solution of determining of step (2) gained, every strain cucumber seedling is the most right
Should spray and determine root nutritional solution 18 ~ 22ml, hereafter spray in this way every 10 ~ 12h and once determine root nutritional solution, until seedling exercising knot
Bundle；
(4) manage after transplanting:
A., after seedling replanting, cucumber seedling ambient temperature is carried out sectional management, the 8.00 ~ 12.00 of every day and 14.00 ~
During 20.00, controlling ambient temperature is 18 ~ 22 DEG C, in the continuous alternating temperature mode of every 20min/4 DEG C during this, controls environment temperature
Degree is carried out continuous alternating temperature to the mode of 18 DEG C of low temperature again by 18 DEG C of low temperature to 22 DEG C high temperature and operates；12.00 ~ 14.00 phases of every day
Between, controlling ambient temperature is 26 ~ 29 DEG C, in the continuous alternating temperature mode of every 30min/3 DEG C during this, controls ambient temperature by 26 DEG C
Low temperature to 29 DEG C high temperature carries out continuous alternating temperature operation to the mode of 26 DEG C of low temperature again；During the 20.00 ~ 8.00 of every day, control ring
Border temperature is 10 ~ 14 DEG C, in the continuous alternating temperature mode of every 20min/4 DEG C during this, controls ambient temperature by 10 DEG C of low temperature to 14
DEG C high temperature carries out continuous alternating temperature operation to the mode of 10 DEG C of low temperature again；
B., after seedling replanting, cucumber seedling ambient lighting is carried out sectional management, the 6.00 ~ 10.30 of every day and 16.00 ~
During 20.00, control intensity of illumination is 2300 ~ 2700lux；During the 10.30 ~ 16.00 of every day, controlling intensity of illumination is 3300
~3700lux；During the 20.00 ~ 6.00 of every day, control intensity of illumination is 1000 ~ 1200lux；
C., after seedling replanting, the humidity of cucumber seedling seedling exercising substrate is carried out sectional management, during the 6.00 ~ 20.00 of every day, control
The humidity of seedling exercising substrate processed is 60 ~ 70%；During the 20.00 ~ 6.00 of every day, the humidity controlling seedling exercising substrate is 40 ~ 45%；
D., after seedling replanting, it is carried out continuously seedling exercising three days.
Further, step (1) described antibacterial be carbendazim, any in disease of going out prestige, Mancozeb, thiophanate methyl
A kind of.
There is advantages that
(1) present invention is when carrying out seedling exercising to cucumber seedling, has carried out once transplanting operation, and has prepared the seedling exercising substrate of correspondence
With determine root nutritional solution, direct on seedling bed, compared with the mode of seedling exercising, carry out once transplanting operation the most right with traditional more
Seedlings root carries out physiology exercise, improves the ability of adapted soil environment when it is planted surely, and the seedling exercising substrate of preparation is loose ventilative,
Unit weight is little, and water conservation fertilizer-preserving ability is strong, can promote, protect the growth of root system, and the root nutritional solution of determining of preparation can be that seedling provides abundant
Nutritional labeling, can overcome the disadvantages that again inevitable damage problem when reparation root system is transplanted, further promote, the life of protection root system
Long, enhance the growing way of seedling.
(2) to the stagewise temperature carried out after seedling replanting, illumination, moisture management, simulate nature growth environment because of
Element, during temperature treatment, uses the mode of continuous alternating temperature can improve the physiology train on to seedling further, in each control
Factor reasonably combined under, the seedling exercising duration of seedling foreshortens to 3 days, improves seedling exercising efficiency.
(3) collocation of the inventive method each step is scientific and reasonable, meets the growth rhythm of cucumber seedling, and way to manage is the most smart
The most careful, reduce traditional approach and easily cause the problem of seedling damage, cucumber seedling is had good universality, more instructs
It is worth；The cucumber seedling rhizome more enzymatic activity relevant with resistance of nutrition content sturdy, internal after seedling exercising significantly carries
Rise, the survival rate more than 99% of seedling exercising, the fixed survival rate more than 98% planted after seedling exercising, and educated cucumber seedling is resisted low
Temperature, strong wind ability are relatively strong, and the tolerance duration under the hot conditions of 35 DEG C extends more than one times, and the quality of educated cucumber fruits obtains
Preferably promoting, in fruit, Vitamin C content improves 60 ~ 70%, calcium element content improves 25 ~ 35%, and the per mu yield of fruit carries
High by 15 ~ 20%, there is good economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of hardening off method improving cucumber seedling vigor, comprises the steps:
(1) prepared by seedling exercising substrate:
Weigh following material the most by weight: 5 parts of pinaster wood flours, 2 parts of Vermiculitums, 4 parts of turfy soils, 1 part of celestial soil, 4 parts of fluvial sand；
B. pinaster wood dust is broken into the graininess of a length of 1 ~ 2cm, then put it into rice washing water soaks take out after 1h standby
With；
C. the pinaster wood flour of upper step gained is mixed jointly with Vermiculitum, turfy soil, celestial soil, fluvial sand, add its gross mass 0.8%
Antibacterial carry out sterilization treatment, after stirring seedling exercising substrate standby；
(2) determine root nutritional solution to prepare:
Weigh following material the most by weight: 0.2 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.3 part of boric acid, 0.3 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.2 part of zinc sulfate,
0.1 part of copper sulfate, 0.2 part of calcium chloride, 0.3 part of potassium fulvate, 0.8 part of heteroauxing, 0.5 part of gibberellins, 1 part of ethylenediamine tetrem
Acid disodium, 0.2 part of vitamin A, 0.3 part of vitamin C, 0.2 part of vitamin E, 11 parts of alginate jellys, 1000 parts of water；
B. water is heated to 75 ~ 80 DEG C, then alginate jelly is added, after constantly mixing to uniformly, by solution temperature
It is cooled to 40 ~ 45 DEG C, then by ferrous sulfate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium chloride, potassium fulvate, indole second
Acid, gibberellins, disodiumedetate, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E add jointly, continue to be stirred until homogeneous,
After rear insulation 15min, get Ding Gen nutritional solution is standby；
(3) seedling replanting:
A. the long cucumber seedling to 3 ~ 4 true leaves is removed from seedling bed, be then 20cm × 15cm's by it by distance between rows and hills
Mode is planted surely in the seedling exercising substrate of step (1) gained, waters once after fixed cultivation；
B. watering after 2 ~ 3h, be sprayed in seedling exercising substrate by the root nutritional solution of determining of step (2) gained, every strain cucumber seedling is the most right
Should spray and determine root nutritional solution 18 ~ 22ml, hereafter spray in this way every 10 ~ 12h and once determine root nutritional solution, until seedling exercising knot
Bundle；
(4) manage after transplanting:
A., after seedling replanting, cucumber seedling ambient temperature is carried out sectional management, the 8.00 ~ 12.00 of every day and 14.00 ~
During 20.00, controlling ambient temperature is 18 ~ 22 DEG C, in the continuous alternating temperature mode of every 20min/4 DEG C during this, controls environment temperature
Degree is carried out continuous alternating temperature to the mode of 18 DEG C of low temperature again by 18 DEG C of low temperature to 22 DEG C high temperature and operates；12.00 ~ 14.00 phases of every day
Between, controlling ambient temperature is 26 ~ 29 DEG C, in the continuous alternating temperature mode of every 30min/3 DEG C during this, controls ambient temperature by 26 DEG C
Low temperature to 29 DEG C high temperature carries out continuous alternating temperature operation to the mode of 26 DEG C of low temperature again；During the 20.00 ~ 8.00 of every day, control ring
Border temperature is 10 ~ 14 DEG C, in the continuous alternating temperature mode of every 20min/4 DEG C during this, controls ambient temperature by 10 DEG C of low temperature to 14
DEG C high temperature carries out continuous alternating temperature operation to the mode of 10 DEG C of low temperature again；
B., after seedling replanting, cucumber seedling ambient lighting is carried out sectional management, the 6.00 ~ 10.30 of every day and 16.00 ~
During 20.00, control intensity of illumination is 2300 ~ 2700lux；During the 10.30 ~ 16.00 of every day, controlling intensity of illumination is 3300
~3700lux；During the 20.00 ~ 6.00 of every day, control intensity of illumination is 1000 ~ 1200lux；
C., after seedling replanting, the humidity of cucumber seedling seedling exercising substrate is carried out sectional management, during the 6.00 ~ 20.00 of every day, control
The humidity of seedling exercising substrate processed is 60 ~ 70%；During the 20.00 ~ 6.00 of every day, the humidity controlling seedling exercising substrate is 40 ~ 45%；
D., after seedling replanting, it is carried out continuously seedling exercising three days.
Further, step (1) described antibacterial be carbendazim, any in disease of going out prestige, Mancozeb, thiophanate methyl
A kind of.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example 1 compared with Example 1, when the management after seedling replanting operates, when managing ambient temperature, only protects
Holding temperature in fixed temperature range, do not carry out continuous print temperature and become operation, method step in addition is the most identical.
Matched group
Existing cucumber seedling hardening off method.
In order to contrast effect of the present invention, by above-mentioned three kinds of modes, cucumber seedling being carried out seedling exercising operation respectively, following table is phase
The correction data answered:
| Embodiment 1 | Comparative example 1 | Matched group | |
| Seedling exercising survival rate (%) | 99.4 | 97.3 | 90.2 |
| Surely survival rate (%) is planted | 98.2 | 94.7 | 88.5 |
| Every hectogram edible portion Vitamin C content (mg) | 24.8 | 20.2 | 15.1 |
| Every hectogram edible portion calcium element content (mg) | 22.4 | 20.0 | 17.2 |
Claims (2)
1. the hardening off method improving cucumber seedling vigor, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) prepared by seedling exercising substrate:
Weigh following material the most by weight: 5 parts of pinaster wood flours, 2 parts of Vermiculitums, 4 parts of turfy soils, 1 part of celestial soil, 4 parts of fluvial sand；
B. pinaster wood dust is broken into the graininess of a length of 1 ~ 2cm, then put it into rice washing water soaks take out after 1h standby
With；
C. the pinaster wood flour of upper step gained is mixed jointly with Vermiculitum, turfy soil, celestial soil, fluvial sand, add its gross mass 0.8%
Antibacterial carry out sterilization treatment, after stirring seedling exercising substrate standby；
(2) determine root nutritional solution to prepare:
Weigh following material the most by weight: 0.2 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.3 part of boric acid, 0.3 part of ammonium molybdate, 0.2 part of zinc sulfate,
0.1 part of copper sulfate, 0.2 part of calcium chloride, 0.3 part of potassium fulvate, 0.8 part of heteroauxing, 0.5 part of gibberellins, 1 part of ethylenediamine tetrem
Acid disodium, 0.2 part of vitamin A, 0.3 part of vitamin C, 0.2 part of vitamin E, 11 parts of alginate jellys, 1000 parts of water；
B. water is heated to 75 ~ 80 DEG C, then alginate jelly is added, after constantly mixing to uniformly, by solution temperature
It is cooled to 40 ~ 45 DEG C, then by ferrous sulfate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, calcium chloride, potassium fulvate, indole second
Acid, gibberellins, disodiumedetate, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E add jointly, continue to be stirred until homogeneous,
After rear insulation 15min, get Ding Gen nutritional solution is standby；
(3) seedling replanting:
A. the long cucumber seedling to 3 ~ 4 true leaves is removed from seedling bed, be then 20cm × 15cm's by it by distance between rows and hills
Mode is planted surely in the seedling exercising substrate of step (1) gained, waters once after fixed cultivation；
B. watering after 2 ~ 3h, be sprayed in seedling exercising substrate by the root nutritional solution of determining of step (2) gained, every strain cucumber seedling is the most right
Should spray and determine root nutritional solution 18 ~ 22ml, hereafter spray in this way every 10 ~ 12h and once determine root nutritional solution, until seedling exercising knot
Bundle；
(4) manage after transplanting:
A., after seedling replanting, cucumber seedling ambient temperature is carried out sectional management, the 8.00 ~ 12.00 of every day and 14.00 ~
During 20.00, controlling ambient temperature is 18 ~ 22 DEG C, in the continuous alternating temperature mode of every 20min/4 DEG C during this, controls environment temperature
Degree is carried out continuous alternating temperature to the mode of 18 DEG C of low temperature again by 18 DEG C of low temperature to 22 DEG C high temperature and operates；12.00 ~ 14.00 phases of every day
Between, controlling ambient temperature is 26 ~ 29 DEG C, in the continuous alternating temperature mode of every 30min/3 DEG C during this, controls ambient temperature by 26 DEG C
Low temperature to 29 DEG C high temperature carries out continuous alternating temperature operation to the mode of 26 DEG C of low temperature again；During the 20.00 ~ 8.00 of every day, control ring
Border temperature is 10 ~ 14 DEG C, in the continuous alternating temperature mode of every 20min/4 DEG C during this, controls ambient temperature by 10 DEG C of low temperature to 14
DEG C high temperature carries out continuous alternating temperature operation to the mode of 10 DEG C of low temperature again；
B., after seedling replanting, cucumber seedling ambient lighting is carried out sectional management, the 6.00 ~ 10.30 of every day and 16.00 ~
During 20.00, control intensity of illumination is 2300 ~ 2700lux；During the 10.30 ~ 16.00 of every day, controlling intensity of illumination is 3300
~3700lux；During the 20.00 ~ 6.00 of every day, control intensity of illumination is 1000 ~ 1200lux；
C., after seedling replanting, the humidity of cucumber seedling seedling exercising substrate is carried out sectional management, during the 6.00 ~ 20.00 of every day, control
The humidity of seedling exercising substrate processed is 60 ~ 70%；During the 20.00 ~ 6.00 of every day, the humidity controlling seedling exercising substrate is 40 ~ 45%；
D., after seedling replanting, it is carried out continuously seedling exercising three days.
A kind of hardening off method improving cucumber seedling vigor the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1) institute
State antibacterial be carbendazim, any one in disease of going out prestige, Mancozeb, thiophanate methyl.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108450253A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-08-28 | 合肥雪立歆农业科技有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of cucumber seedling |
| CN115136857A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-10-04 | 华南农业大学 | Method for cultivating strong cucumber seedlings by adopting segmented light supplement |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108450253A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-08-28 | 合肥雪立歆农业科技有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of cucumber seedling |
| CN115136857A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-10-04 | 华南农业大学 | Method for cultivating strong cucumber seedlings by adopting segmented light supplement |
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