CN106048192A - Heat treatment technology for reducing deformation of spiral bevel gear for hay mower - Google Patents
Heat treatment technology for reducing deformation of spiral bevel gear for hay mower Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment technology for reducing deformation of a spiral bevel gear for a hay mower and belongs to the field of heat treatment technology. The technology comprises the following steps: 1) preparation of the spiral bevel gear by the adoption of a SCM415 blank; 2) crating; 3) front cleaning; 4) carburizing and quenching: temperature equilibrium at 850 +/- 5 DEG C for 20 +/- 1 min, and carbon potential is 0.65 +/- 0.025%; intensive carburizing and thermal insulation at 880 +/- 5 DEG C for 15 +/- 1 min, and carbon potential is 0.8 +/- 0.025%; diffusion and thermal insulation at 880 +/- 50 DEG C for 15 +/- 1 min, and carbon potential is 0.8 +/- 0.025%; quenching and temperature equilibrium at 840 +/- 5 DEG C for 20 +/- 1 min, and carbon potential is 0.65 +/- 0.025%; and cooling in 130 +/- 10 DEG C of quenching oil; 5) post cleaning; and 6) tempering at the temperature of 175 +/- 5 DEG C for 150 +/- 10 min. According to the invention, deformation of the spiral bevel gear after heat treatment is reduced, and first pass yield for heat treatment can reach 100%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Technology for Heating Processing, more particularly, it relates to a kind of hay mover spiral bevel gear that reduces becomes
The Technology for Heating Processing of shape.
Background technology
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of spiral bevel gear, and this spiral bevel gear is widely used in the speed change of hay mover
In case, it it is the vitals in mower reducer system.In hay mover work process, the working condition of spiral bevel gear is non-
The most complicated, it is desirable to it has excellent wearability, higher anti-contact fatigue and flexural fatigue resistance energy, these performance needs lead to
Overheating Treatment realizes.Currently for the heat treatment of this type of spiral bevel gear, its normative heat treatment technique is to use meshbeltfurnace to produce
Line carburizing and quenching is tempered, use spiral bevel gear that the method processes due to deflection big, after heat treatment, yield rate is low, is only capable of
Reach about 65%.
Through retrieval, Chinese Patent Application No. 201310323961.1, Shen Qing Publication day it is December in 2013 25, invention wound
Making entitled: a kind of bevel gear Technology for Heating Processing, this application case relates to a kind of bevel gear Technology for Heating Processing, successively according to isothermal just
Fire, carburizing and quenching Step are carried out.By changing common normalizing into isothermal normalizing, carburizing process is changed twice recrystallization into permissible
The heat treatment process of bevel gear is greatly simplified, processing cost can also be reduced simultaneously.This application case utilizes isothermal normalizing to have
More uniform tissue and performance, reduce distorsion during quenching to a certain extent；But, this application case is only in heat treatment flow process
On change common normalizing preheating into isothermal normalizing, simplify operating process, but cannot ensure the performance of product after a heat treatment
Unanimously, however it remains the problem that yield rate is low.
Summary of the invention
1. invention to solve the technical problem that
It is an object of the invention to overcome existing hay mover spiral bevel gear Technology for Heating Processing above shortcomings, carry
For a kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear, use technical scheme, by spiral
The optimization that bevel gear carburizing and quenching processes, reduces the temperature difference at each position of spiral bevel gear, thus reduces spiral bevel gear heat
Deflection after process, the properties of product after heat treatment are consistent, and heat treatment first-time qualification rate is up to 100%.
2. technical scheme
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention provides is:
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepared by part: hay mover spiral bevel gear prepared by the steel alloy blank using the trade mark to be SCM415, this blank
High temperature normalizing process must be carried out；
(2) frame up: the spiral bevel gear prepared in step (1) is loaded in charging basket；
(3) front cleaning: be carried out the spiral bevel gear loaded in charging basket, removes spiral bevel gear remained on surface dirty
Thing；
(4) carburizing and quenching: the spiral bevel gear after front cleaning is carried out carburizing and quenching process, specifically includes following substep
Rapid:
(4-1) protective atmosphere carburizing: using ladder-elevating temperature Heat preservation mode in protective atmosphere environment, 850 ± 5 DEG C all
Temperature 20 ± 1min, carbon-potential control is 0.65 ± 0.025%；880 ± 5 DEG C ooze by force insulation 15 ± 1min, and carbon-potential control is 0.8 ±
0.025%；880 ± 50 DEG C of diffusion insulation 15 ± 1min, carbon-potential control is 0.8 ± 0.025%；840 ± 5 DEG C of quenching sammings 20 ±
1min, carbon-potential control is 0.65 ± 0.025%；
(4-2) quenching cooling: cool down in 130 ± 10 DEG C of quenching oils；
(5) clean afterwards: the spiral bevel gear after carburizing and quenching is carried out, remove the oil of spiral bevel gear remained on surface
Mark；
(6) tempering: the spiral bevel gear after rear cleaning is carried out temper, and temperature is 175 ± 5 DEG C, and the time is
150 ± 10min, tempering cools down after coming out of the stove in atmosphere.
Further, the chemical composition of the SCM415 steel alloy blank in step (1) is: C:0.13～0.18；Mn:
0.60～0.90；Si:0.15～0.35；S :≤0.030；P :≤0.030；Cr:0.9～1.2；Mo:0.15～0.25；Ni :≤
0.25。
Further, the charging basket in step (2) uses latticed charging basket, and spiral bevel gear inserts the net of charging basket one by one
In lattice.
Further, step (3) and step (5) all use vacuum hydrocarbon solvent to be carried out spiral bevel gear.
Further, step (4-1) use box controlled atmosphere generator spiral bevel gear is carried out protective atmosphere carburizing
Process, and use methanol gas as protection gas；Step (6) use box type protective atmosphere tempering furnace spiral bevel gear is carried out
Temper.
Further, step (4-2) use closed cooling tower circulation carry out quenching cooling, by hot-quenching kerosene from quenching
Extract out bottom oil groove and return from oil-quenching tank top after closed cooling tower cools down, it is ensured that oil sump temperature is in set point.
Further, using isothermal hardening oil in step (4-2), quenching oil is with 180 ± 20 revs/min of stirring at low speed.
Further, to the waiting time that step (6) tempering starts less than 2h after step (5) is cleaned afterwards and is terminated.
Further, after step (6) tempering terminates, also include successively spiral bevel gear being tested, ball blast, dress
The step of case.
Further, in ball blast step, use vertical hanging shot-blasting machine, spiral bevel gear is placed on bin, makes
With QP-4 steel sand strength ball blast, the time is forward 3 minutes, reverse 3 minutes.
3. beneficial effect
Use the technical scheme that the present invention provides, compared with existing known technology, there is following remarkable result:
(1) a kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear of the present invention, it is by spiral umbrella
The optimization that gear carburizing quenching processes, reduces the temperature difference at each position of spiral bevel gear, thus reduces at spiral bevel gear heat
Deflection after reason, the properties of product after heat treatment are consistent, and heat treatment first-time qualification rate is up to 100%；
(2) a kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear of the present invention, uses latticed charging basket
Spiral bevel gear is framed up, spiral bevel gear is inserted one by one in the grid of charging basket, make spiral bevel gear be uniformly distributed nothing
Pile up, so that spiral bevel gear is heated and cools down more uniform, and then effectively eliminate machining stress, reduce spiral bevel gear
The heat treatment deformation of wheel；
(3) a kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear of the present invention, right before carburizing and quenching
Spiral bevel gear carries out front cleaning, removes the dirts such as spiral bevel gear remained on surface cutting oil and iron filings, makes spiral bevel gear table
Face reaches certain cleanliness factor, and after reaching quenching, piece surface hardness is without soft spots, the effect of outward appearance non-variegation；After carburizing and quenching
Clean after spiral bevel gear is carried out, the oil taken out of can be cleaned up completely so that the parts list after tempering after parts quenching
Face non-variegation and oil mark occur, ready for subsequent handling；Further, front cleaning and rear cleaning all use vacuum hydrocarbon solvent
Cleaning, cleaning efficiency is good, energy-conserving and environment-protective；
(4) a kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear of the present invention, at protective atmosphere environment
Middle employing ladder-elevating temperature Heat preservation mode carries out carburizing heating to spiral bevel gear, is conducive to reducing each position of spiral bevel gear
The temperature difference, eliminate machining stress generation, reduce because heating too fast and cause spiral bevel gear deformation；
(5) a kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear of the present invention, it is at 130 ± 10 DEG C etc.
Temperature quenching oil cools down, and uses closed cooling tower circulation to carry out quenching cooling, by hot-quenching kerosene bottom oil-quenching tank
Extract out and return from oil-quenching tank top after closed cooling tower cools down, it is ensured that oil sump temperature is in set point, it is ensured that spiral
Bevel gear cooling uniformly, reduces the deformation of spiral bevel gear；
(6) a kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear of the present invention, it cleans after terminating and arrives
The waiting time that tempering starts, less than 2h, carries out temper in time and is conducive to reducing spiral bevel gear deformation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of hay mover spiral bevel gear in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that frames up of spiral bevel gear in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is carburizing quenching process curve chart in the present invention (in figure carbon potential scope fluctuate ± 0.025%)；
Fig. 4 is the tempering process curve chart in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For further appreciating that present disclosure, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment
By certain modulus be 1.25, the number of teeth be 13 the heat treatment process of hay mover spiral bevel gear as a example by, heat at
Reason technology requires: case hardness 600～700HV, and effective case depth is 0.2～0.4mm, and tooth muscle is beated≤0.015mm
(the tooth muscle before heat treatment beat≤0.008mm), Internal Hole Deformation amount≤0.015mm (the Internal Hole Deformation amount before heat treatment≤
0.006mm).For reaching above-mentioned heat treatment requirements, at a kind of heat reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear of the present embodiment
Science and engineering skill, specifically includes following steps:
(1) prepared by part: hay mover spiral bevel gear prepared by the steel alloy blank using the trade mark to be SCM415, this blank
Must carry out high temperature normalizing process, remove blank internal stress, the spiral bevel gear size of wheel making machining obtain is more stable, prevents from becoming
Shape and cracking, reduce material hardness simultaneously, improves blank machine processing characteristics；In the present embodiment, SCM415 steel alloy blank
Chemical composition is (JIS G4085-2008): C:0.13～0.18；Mn:0.60～0.90；Si:0.15～0.35；S :≤
0.030；P :≤0.030；Cr:0.9～1.2；Mo:0.15～0.25；Ni :≤0.25.
(2) frame up: the spiral bevel gear prepared in step (1) is loaded in charging basket；It is concrete as in figure 2 it is shown, charging basket is adopted
Use latticed charging basket, spiral bevel gear is inserted one by one in the grid of charging basket, so, with meshbeltfurnace heat treatment phase ratio, spiral shell can be made
Rotation bevel gear is uniformly distributed without piling up, so that spiral bevel gear is heated and cools down more uniform, and then effectively eliminates processing
Stress, reduces the heat treatment deformation of spiral bevel gear；Owing to can use respectively in follow-up carburizing and quenching and tempering process
The box controlled atmosphere generator of UBE-600 and BTF-600 box type protective atmosphere tempering furnace carry out carburizing and quenching and return spiral bevel gear
Fire, and every spiral bevel gear only has 12g, therefore to prevent heat loss, spiral bevel gear inserts the grid of charging basket piece by piece
In, 600/charging basket, 12 layered material baskets are stacked together, and are placed on the latter half of charging tray together, and the first half of charging tray uses
Waste material supplements.
(3) front cleaning: be carried out the spiral bevel gear loaded in charging basket, removes spiral bevel gear remained on surface dirty
Thing；In this step, using vacuum hydrocarbon solvent to be carried out spiral bevel gear, in the present embodiment, concrete employing is Sino-Japan joint
The vacuum hydrocarbon solvent cleaning machine produced carries out front cleaning, and main purpose is that the machining removing spiral bevel gear remained on surface is cut
Cut the dirts such as oily and trickle iron filings, make spiral bevel gear wheel surface reach certain cleanliness factor, reach piece surface hardness after quenching
Without soft spots, the effect of outward appearance non-variegation.
(4) carburizing and quenching: the spiral bevel gear after front cleaning is carried out carburizing and quenching process, carburizing quenching process curve chart
As it is shown on figure 3, specifically include following step by step:
(4-1) protective atmosphere carburizing: owing to part is in heating process, not only thermal stress can produce distortion, discharges simultaneously
Internal stress also can produce distortion, and firing rate is to affect the key factor that spiral bevel gear stress produces, spiral bevel gear
The biggest then stress of the temperature difference taking turns each position is the biggest, and therefore the present embodiment is to use ladder-elevating temperature to protect in protective atmosphere environment
The mode of temperature heating carries out Carburization Treatment, is conducive to reducing the temperature difference at each position of spiral bevel gear, eliminates the product of machining stress
Raw, reduce the spiral bevel gear deformation caused because heating is too fast；Specifically, the box controlled atmosphere generator of UBE-600, heating are used
During use methanol gas as protection gas, flow-control is 2200～2600ml/min, simultaneously in order to reduce spiral bevel gear
The deformation of form of gear tooth, improves case hardness, is passed through 4～6L/h propane gas in stove, be heated to 850 ± 5 DEG C of sammings 20 ±
1min, carbon-potential control is 0.65 ± 0.025%Cp；It being heated to 880 ± 5 DEG C and ooze by force insulation 15 ± 1min, carbon-potential control is 0.8 ±
0.025%Cp；Being heated to 880 ± 50 DEG C of diffusion insulation 15 ± 1min, carbon-potential control is 0.8 ± 0.025%Cp；It is heated to 840
± 5 DEG C of quenching samming 20 ± 1min, carbon-potential control is 0.65 ± 0.025%Cp；Guarantee the final carbon contents of spiral bevel gear
0.67～0.72%；
(4-2) quenching cooling: cool down in 130 ± 10 DEG C of quenching oils；Quenching oil in this step uses isothermal to quench
Kerosene, concrete employing import Japan goes out light X-type isothermal hardening oil, and quenching oil is with 180 ± 20 revs/min of stirring at low speed, and uses
Closed cooling tower circulation carry out quenching cooling, hot-quenching kerosene is extracted out bottom oil-quenching tank through closed cooling tower cool down after from
Oil-quenching tank top returns, it is ensured that oil sump temperature is in set point, it is ensured that spiral bevel gear cooling uniformly, reduces spiral bevel gear
The deformation of wheel；This quenching cooling technique is the important step reducing spiral bevel gear heat treatment deformation.
(5) clean afterwards: the spiral bevel gear after carburizing and quenching is carried out, remove the oil of spiral bevel gear remained on surface
Mark；Identical with front cleaning, this step is also adopted by vacuum hydrocarbon solvent spiral bevel gear is carried out, concrete employing is Sino-Japan closes
The vacuum hydrocarbon solvent cleaning machine that money produces cleans after carrying out, and the oil taken out of is cleaned up completely after parts quenching so that return
Piece surface non-variegation and oil mark after fire occur, the piece surface after cleaning is silvery white in color, ready for subsequent handling.
(6) tempering: the spiral bevel gear after rear cleaning is carried out temper, uses the box guarantor of BTF-600 in this step
Protecting atmosphere tempering furnace, as shown in Figure 4, temperature is 175 ± 5 DEG C to tempering process curve, and the time is 150 ± 10min, is tempered out
Furnace rear cools down in atmosphere；It is preferred that clean afterwards from step (5) terminate after to step (6) tempering start waiting time be less than
2h, carries out temper in time and is conducive to reducing spiral bevel gear deformation.
(7) inspection: randomly select a spiral bevel gear after above-mentioned Technology for Heating Processing processes and test, inspection
Result such as following table:
(8) ball blast: use vertical hanging shot-blasting machine, be placed on material rack special by spiral bevel gear, uses QP-4 steel sand strong
Power ball blast, the time is forward 3 minutes, reverse 3 minutes.
(9) vanning: the spiral bevel gear part compressed air terminated by ball blast soaks antirust oil dress after blowing off surface dirt
Case.
After using the Technology for Heating Processing of the present embodiment, by the optimization that spiral bevel gear Asia temperature carburizing and quenching is processed, subtract
The temperature difference at each position of small spiral bevel gear, thus reduce the deflection after spiral bevel gear heat treatment, the product after heat treatment
Moral character can be consistent, and heat treatment first-time qualification rate is up to 100%.
Below being schematically described the present invention and embodiment thereof, this description does not has restricted, institute in accompanying drawing
Show is also one of embodiments of the present invention, and actual structure is not limited thereto.So, if the common skill of this area
Art personnel enlightened by it, in the case of without departing from the invention objective, without creatively designing and this technical scheme
Similar frame mode and embodiment, all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) prepared by part: hay mover spiral bevel gear prepared by the steel alloy blank using the trade mark to be SCM415, and this blank must enter
Row high temperature normalizing processes；
(2) frame up: the spiral bevel gear prepared in step (1) is loaded in charging basket；
(3) front cleaning: be carried out the spiral bevel gear loaded in charging basket, removes spiral bevel gear remained on surface dirt；
(4) carburizing and quenching: the spiral bevel gear after front cleaning is carried out carburizing and quenching process, specifically include following step by step:
(4-1) protective atmosphere carburizing: use ladder-elevating temperature Heat preservation mode, 850 ± 5 DEG C of sammings 20 in protective atmosphere environment
± 1min, carbon-potential control is 0.65 ± 0.025%；880 ± 5 DEG C ooze by force insulation 15 ± 1min, and carbon-potential control is 0.8 ±
0.025%；880 ± 50 DEG C of diffusion insulation 15 ± 1min, carbon-potential control is 0.8 ± 0.025%；840 ± 5 DEG C of quenching sammings 20 ±
1min, carbon-potential control is 0.65 ± 0.025%；
(4-2) quenching cooling: cool down in 130 ± 10 DEG C of quenching oils；
(5) clean afterwards: the spiral bevel gear after carburizing and quenching is carried out, remove the oil stain of spiral bevel gear remained on surface；
(6) tempering: the spiral bevel gear after rear cleaning is carried out temper, and temperature is 175 ± 5 DEG C, the time is 150 ±
10min, tempering cools down after coming out of the stove in atmosphere.
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: the chemical composition of the SCM415 steel alloy blank in step (1) is: C:0.13～0.18；Mn:0.60～0.90；Si:0.15
～0.35；S :≤0.030；P :≤0.030；Cr:0.9～1.2；Mo:0.15～0.25；Ni :≤0.25.
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: the charging basket in step (2) uses latticed charging basket, is inserted one by one by spiral bevel gear in the grid of charging basket.
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: step (3) and step (5) all use vacuum hydrocarbon solvent to be carried out spiral bevel gear.
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: step (4-1) uses box controlled atmosphere generator spiral bevel gear carries out protective atmosphere Carburization Treatment, and use methanol gas
Body is as protection gas；Step (6) use box type protective atmosphere tempering furnace spiral bevel gear is carried out temper.
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: step (4-2) uses closed cooling tower circulation carry out quenching cooling, hot-quenching kerosene is extracted out bottom oil-quenching tank process
Return from oil-quenching tank top after closed cooling tower cooling, it is ensured that oil sump temperature is in set point.
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear the most according to claim 6, its feature exists
In: using isothermal hardening oil in step (4-2), quenching oil is with 180 ± 20 revs/min of stirring at low speed.
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: step (5) is cleaned afterwards and is tempered the waiting time started after terminating to step (6) less than 2h.
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In: after step (6) tempering terminates, also include successively spiral bevel gear being tested, ball blast, the step of vanning.
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear the most according to claim 9, its feature exists
In: in ball blast step, use vertical hanging shot-blasting machine, spiral bevel gear is placed on bin, use QP-4 steel sand strength to throw
Ball, the time is forward 3 minutes, reverse 3 minutes.
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| CN107034342A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-08-11 | 燕凌飞 | A kind of heat treatment method of spiral bevel gear |
| CN108866309A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-11-23 | 台州市众达热处理有限公司 | The separator and its heat treatment process of gear sheet |
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| CN108866309A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-11-23 | 台州市众达热处理有限公司 | The separator and its heat treatment process of gear sheet |
| CN108866309B (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-07-07 | 台州市众达热处理有限公司 | Gear piece separating device and heat treatment process thereof |
| CN109182719A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-11 | 厦门真冈热处理有限公司 | The heat treatment method of electric power steering system of automobile pinion gear |
| CN110421326A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-08 | 重庆申耀机械工业有限责任公司 | A kind of processing technology of nutating gear |
| CN111020455A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-17 | 武汉理工大学 | Sub-temperature carburizing heat treatment method for reducing heat treatment deformation of thin-wall gear |
| CN111394686A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-10 | 南阳浩帆车辆部件有限公司 | Heat treatment method of small module gear |
| CN113122856A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-16 | 苏州尚工机械有限公司 | Method and device for preventing carburized and quenched part from deforming |
| CN113957228A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-21 | 上海丰东热处理工程有限公司 | Heat treatment process for transmission motor shaft |
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| CN106048192B (en) | 2018-02-13 |
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