CN102776470A - Surface chemico-thermal treatment method for mechanical parts and equipment used thereby - Google Patents
Surface chemico-thermal treatment method for mechanical parts and equipment used thereby Download PDFInfo
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- CN102776470A CN102776470A CN2012102379579A CN201210237957A CN102776470A CN 102776470 A CN102776470 A CN 102776470A CN 2012102379579 A CN2012102379579 A CN 2012102379579A CN 201210237957 A CN201210237957 A CN 201210237957A CN 102776470 A CN102776470 A CN 102776470A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a surface chemico-thermal treatment method for mechanical parts and equipment used by the surface chemico-thermal treatment method. The equipment comprises a material feeding and storing platform, a front washing machine, a pre-oxidizing furnace, a heating furnace, a rotary health carburizing furnace, a rotary bottom type diffusion furnace, a quenching cooling furnace, a quenching heat insulating chamber, a quenching oil tank, a rear washing machine, a low-temperature tempering furnace, an air cooling platform and a discharging platform. The devices are relatively independent, and integrally connected with transmission mechanisms to achieve the production technology of feeding material and preparing material-primarily washing-pre-oxidizing- heating-carburizin-diffusing-cooling-preserving temperature-quenching-finally washing-tempering-cooling with air-discharging and storing material. According to the devices, the forcible carburizing and diffusing in the carburizing technology are decomposed and individually carried out through an individual forcible carburizing chamber and an individual diffusion chamber, and the forcible carburizing and diffusing are combined based on different processing times, so that the requirements on mass production of the same furnaces different in requirements on layer depth and different in materials and parts are achieved; and the efficiency of the equipment is exerted to the maximum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and equipment used thereof of heat treatment of workpieces, relate in particular to a kind of surface chemistry heat-treating methods and equipment used thereof that is used for mechanical component.
Background technology
As everyone knows, mechanical component carry out modification through surface chemistry thermal treatment (carbon, nitrogen ooze etc. altogether for carburizing, nitriding), can obtain needed performance, like high firmness, and high-wearing feature, bite-resistant performance etc.Carburizing (comprising that carbon, nitrogen ooze altogether) is wherein a kind of surface chemical heat-treatment process of typical, applied range.
Mechanical component (like gear) are handled through carburizing and quenching, not only have high surface hardness and wear resistance, and increase considerably its fatigue lifetime.The typical carburizing and quenching process of part is following: shove charge heat up-oozes by force-spreads-slow cooling of lowering the temperature+reheat insulation-quench cooled+low-temperaturetempering.
At present, the equipment of the carburizing and quenching of part processing employing mainly is divided into two types: (1) cycle stove, (2) continuous oven.Cycle stove production is that a collection of part is packed in the stove through a charging tray, comes out of the stove after moving a heat treatment cycle by the technological process of " intensifications-insulation-cooling ", and then second batch of part of shove charge processing.The typical type of furnace has pit furnace carburizing system, mult-purpose chamber furnace carburizing system.These two kinds of type of furnaces occupy more than 80% of the carburizing and quenching type of furnace.Continuous oven production is that part is contained in the charging tray, and a plurality of charging trays move in continuous oven, and part is come out of the stove after in stove, moving a needed technological process.Be characterized in continuous production, be particularly suitable for the processing of part in batches.This type of type of furnace has: stove, controlled atmosphere push-plate stove, controlled atmosphere ring furnace etc. at the bottom of controlled atmosphere meshbeltfurnace, the controlled atmosphere rod.
During above-mentioned all carburizing type of furnace parts processed, have a common drawback: case depth has than the part of big difference and can not heat-treat with stove, and the part of different steel grades can not be heat-treated with stove.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of surface chemistry heat-treating methods that is used for mechanical component, has overcome existing cycle stove or recirculation still and can not heat-treat case depth with stove the defective than the part of the part of big difference or different steel grades is arranged.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is following: a kind of surface chemistry heat-treating methods that is used for mechanical component comprises following operating process:
Feeding; Pending workpiece is packed into and is placed in the empty charging tray of production plant; The charging tray that charging tray transfer mechanism through the workshop will install workpiece is placed on the feeding platform, is transferred to subsequently in the material loading storing platform, and the charging tray proofing unit on the said material loading storing platform is carried out charging tray and detected, follows the tracks of;
The preceding cleaning, the charging tray proofing unit on the material loading storing platform detects charging tray, cleans through alkali lye, clear water in the cleaning machine before startup charging tray transfer device transfers to charging tray; Clean before said and divide 2 stations, promptly buck embathes cleaning, and the heat water-spraying cleans.
Preoxidation, the workpiece after the cleaning is delivered in the pre-oxidation furnace through transport sector; Said pre-oxidation furnace has 5 charging tray positions, divides heating of 2 districts and control.
Heating, the workpiece of accomplishing preoxidation is transferred to end charging air-exchanging chamber by transport sector, and workpiece stops the pitch time of one-period and takes a breath, and transfers in the process furnace, workpiece is heated to the temperature of carburizing requirement; Said process furnace process furnace has 5 charging tray positions, divides heating of 2 districts and control.
Carburizing, charging tray is transferred to annular through transport sector to be changeed in the end cementing furnace, through different carburizing times is set, thereby accomplishes the carburizing requirement of the different layer depths under the identical controlled atmosphere; Be provided with a plurality of charging tray stations at the bottom of the said commentaries on classics in the cementing furnace, what of station can be confirmed according to time of required processing workpiece carbonization and the size of changeing cementing furnace chassis, the end, as 10 to 20.When the needed carburizing time of workpiece was changeing the time that the station on the chassis of end cementing furnace stops greater than charging tray, the charging tray proofing unit was carried charging tray signal to PLC module and is carried out next process step through system control charging tray;
Diffusion, the strong cementation process that reaches the workpiece setting is after the time, and charging tray is transferred to end diffusion furnace through transport sector, changes end diffusion furnace and spreads according to the processing parameter of setting; Diffusion furnace is provided with a plurality of charging tray stations at the bottom of the said commentaries on classics, and what of station can be confirmed according to time of required processing workpiece carbonization and the size of changeing cementing furnace chassis, the end, as 5 to 15; Be provided with a plurality of charging tray stations at the bottom of the said commentaries on classics in the diffusion furnace.When the needed carburizing time of workpiece was changeing the time that the station on the chassis of end diffusion furnace stops greater than charging tray, the charging tray proofing unit was carried charging tray signal to PLC module and is carried out next process step through system control charging tray;
Cooling, the diffusion technique that reaches the workpiece setting are after the time, and charging tray is transferred in the cooling stove that quenches through transport sector lowers the temperature;
Insulation is transferred to by the transport sector in the cooling stove that quenches that quenching and preserving heat is indoor to be incubated;
Quench, workpiece is transferred to the lifting table of oil-quenching tank through the indoor transport sector of quenching and preserving heat, is immersed in through said lifting table and carries out quench cooled in the quenching oil, keeps accomplishing quenching process behind the certain hour;
The back is cleaned, and cleans the back oven dry through alkali lye cleaning, clear water; Said back is cleaned through type single chamber cleaning machine and is divided into alkali lye cleaning, clear water cleaning and dries 3 stations.Workpiece all stops the time of one-period on per 1 station, the equidistant mobile dependence transfer mechanism of charging tray is accomplished.
Tempering pushes to the push-down tempering stove through transport sector with charging tray workpiece is carried out low-temperaturetempering;
Air-cooled, after the workpiece tempering, charging tray is transferred to air-cooled enterprising sector-style cooling through transport sector;
The discharging storing will pass through air-cooled workpiece and be transferred on the discharging storing platform through transport sector.
Device in the above-mentioned steps is independently realized a processing parameter, and said transport sector comprises truck, push rod and chain transmission system.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: in thermal treatment process; Through independently oozing chamber and diffuser casing by force oozing by force and spreading in the carburization process decomposed the execution respectively of coming,, realized the requirement of the same batch quantification production of different layer depth requirements, differing materials part again through the combination of both different treatment time; Have very flexible production characteristics; To tissue production condition very easily is provided, when the technology conversion, need not have pushed away blank panel and come replacing process, brought into play plant efficiency to greatest extent.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, the temperature in the said pre-oxidation furnace is 350～550 ℃.
The present invention also provides a kind of heat treated equipment of surface chemistry that is used for mechanical component; Comprise material loading storing platform, preceding cleaning machine, pre-oxidation furnace, process furnace, rotary bottom type cementing furnace, rotary bottom type diffusion furnace, the cooling stove that quenches, quenching and preserving heat chamber, oil-quenching tank, back cleaning machine, low-temperaturetempering stove, air-cooled, discharging platform, said material loading storing platform, connect through transport sector successively between the cleaning machine, said pre-oxidation furnace, said process furnace, said rotary bottom type cementing furnace, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace, said quenching cooling stove, said quenching and preserving heat chamber, said oil-quenching tank, said back cleaning machine, said low-temperaturetempering stove, said air-cooled, said discharging platform before said; Said rotary bottom type cementing furnace and rotary bottom type diffusion furnace are annular.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: since above-mentioned respectively install relatively independent; Through organic the linking together of transmission rig (truck, push rod and chain drive); Owing to oozing by force with diffusion in the carburization process decomposed the execution respectively of coming through independently oozing chamber and diffuser casing by force; Through charging tray proofing unit, PLC module and the combination of system both different treatment time of control, realized that the same batch of different layer depth requirements, differing materials part quantizes the requirement of production again.
Further; Also comprise the charging tray proofing unit; Said charging tray proofing unit is arranged on the said material loading storing platform; The position signal of said charging tray proofing unit record charging tray is delivered to the PLC module, and said PLC module is controlled processing parameter through system or the motion of transport sector is controlled.
Further; Said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace comprises equipment base, external furnace body, inner furnace body, turntable, sealing cutter, sealing oil groove; Drive unit, Qianmen and Zhong Men, said external furnace body, inner furnace body, sealing oil groove and drive unit are installed on the said equipment base; Said external furnace body is an annular, and said inner furnace body is cylindrical; Said turntable is annular and is arranged between said external furnace body and the said inner furnace body, is installed on the said drive unit; Said sealing oil cutter is an annular, and is made up of the oily cutter of ring in a group and one group of outer shroud oil cutter, in said one group the oily cutter of ring one of them be fixed on the inner furnace body outer lower portion, another is fixed on the bottom outside the said turntable; One of them is fixed on said external furnace body lower inside said one group of outer shroud oil cutter, and another is fixed on the bottom in the said turntable outside; Said sealing oil groove is for annular and be arranged on said sealing oil cutter below; Said Qianmen and Zhong Men are arranged on the diametric two ends of said external furnace body, and said Qianmen is connected with said process furnace, and said middle door is connected with said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace.Described sealing oil cutter inserts and is used to seal the atmosphere in the burner hearth in the oil that seals oil groove.
Further; Said annular rotary bottom type diffusion furnace comprises equipment base, external furnace body, inner furnace body, is used to place the turntable of charging tray, seals cutter, seals oil groove; Drive unit, back door, said external furnace body, inner furnace body, sealing oil groove and drive unit are installed on the said equipment base; Said external furnace body is an annular, and said inner furnace body is cylindrical; Said turntable is annular and is arranged between said external furnace body and the said inner furnace body, is installed on the said drive unit; Said sealing oil cutter is an annular, and is made up of the oily cutter of ring in a group and one group of outer shroud oil cutter, in said one group the oily cutter of ring one of them be fixed on the inner furnace body outer lower portion, another is fixed on the bottom outside the said turntable; One of them is fixed on said external furnace body lower inside said one group of outer shroud oil cutter, and another is fixed on the bottom in the said turntable outside; Said sealing oil groove is for annular and be arranged on said sealing oil cutter below; Said back door is arranged on said external furnace body diametric(al) and the relative end of said middle door, and said back door is connected with said quenching cooling stove.Described sealing oil cutter inserts and is used to seal the atmosphere in the burner hearth in the oil that seals oil groove.
Said external furnace body and inner furnace body include furnace shell and furnace lining, and the housing of said process furnace, said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace and said quenching cooling stove is integrally formed.
Described Qianmen, middle door and back door are used for the heat and the atmosphere of isolated said process furnace, said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace and said quenching cooling stove, by electric motor driving.
Said sealing oil groove is done support through the screw mandrel that is installed in said sealing oil groove below.
Further; Said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace all also comprise the oxygen probe that is used to measure the thermopair of temperature in the burner hearth and is used to measure carbon potential in the burner hearth; Said thermopair and oxygen probe pass the top of external furnace body and insert in the burner hearth, and said thermopair and oxygen probe outside connect temperature controller and carbon control appearance respectively.
Said thermopair has master control temperature galvanic couple, from the temperature control galvanic couple, master control temperature galvanic couple is used for the detection and the control of CONTROL PROCESS temperature; Use to detect to cut off with overtemperature with overtemperature from the temperature control galvanic couple to add thermal control, each galvanic couple connects temperature controller, makes it to form that dynamic variable is gathered in real time and auto-closing is controlled.
Said oxygen probe stretches in the burner hearth through the tight socket of furnace roof, fully contacts with atmosphere, measures the carbon potential in the stove, and realizes the control of carbon potential through system PLC program and carbon control appearance.
Be provided with three temperature detecting point and two carbon potential monitoring points in said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace, the rotary bottom type diffusion furnace, can guarantee temperature and the consistence of carbon potential in the stove.
Further, said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace all also comprise be used for atmosphere in the even burner hearth atmosphere circulator, said atmosphere circulator is installed in the top of burner hearth.Described atmosphere circulator comprises motor driver and fan.
Further, said turntable is provided with the grating switch, with detecting the position that turntable rotates.
Further, the transport sector between said process furnace, said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace and the said quenching cooling stove pushes away chain for side high temperature.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is used for the surface chemistry heat-treating methods schematic flow sheet of mechanical component for the present invention;
Fig. 2 is used for the heat treated equipment synoptic diagram of surface chemistry of mechanical component for the present invention;
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 A-A direction synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is Fig. 2 A-A direction synoptic diagram;
In the accompanying drawing, the list of parts of each label representative is following:
1, material loading storing platform, 2, preceding cleaning machine, 3, pre-oxidation furnace, 4, process furnace, 5, annular changes end cementing furnace, 6, annular changes end diffusion furnace, 7, the cooling stove that quenches, 8, oil-quenching tank, 9 back cleaning machines, 10, tempering stove, 11, air-cooled, 12, the excessive platform of discharging.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing principle of the present invention and characteristic are described, institute gives an actual example and only is used to explain the present invention, is not to be used to limit scope of the present invention.
The present invention as shown in Figure 1 is used for the surface chemistry heat-treating methods schematic flow sheet of mechanical component; Comprise feeding; Pending workpiece packed into be placed in the empty charging tray of production plant; Charging tray transport sector-fork truck through the workshop will install the charging tray of workpiece and put on the feeding platform on the production line; Two-way transfer dolly on the production line will install the charging tray taking-up of workpiece and be transferred in the material loading storing platform at this moment, and the charging tray proofing unit on the said material loading storing platform is carried out charging tray and detected, follows the tracks of;
The preceding cleaning, the charging tray proofing unit on the material loading storing platform detects charging tray, starts the charging tray transport sector charging tray charging tray is moved on to preceding cleaning machine from the commentaries on classics of material loading storing platform through the two-way transfer dolly, and preceding cleaning divides 2 stations, and promptly buck embathes cleaning, and the heat water-spraying cleans.
Preoxidation, the workpiece after the cleaning is shifted pre-oxidation furnace onto through transport sector-push rod.Pre-oxidation furnace has 5 charging tray positions, divides heating of 2 districts and control, and the use temperature scope is 350-550 ℃; According to processing requirement, pre-oxidation furnace is preheating to workpiece between 350-550 ℃.
Heating is transferred to the workpiece of accomplishing preoxidation on the lifting table of end charging air-exchanging chamber by pushing away chain mechanism, and the lifting table band the orbit altitude that charging tray and workpiece rise to push-down heated oven chamber.End charging air-exchanging chamber is the furnace chamber of a sealing, and large quantity of exhaust gas is discharged through the delivery pipe of this chamber in the stove, and workpiece is taken a breath in the pitch time that this chamber stops one-period simultaneously, and making workpiece get into heating chamber can be in the protective atmosphere fully; Through the electric pushrod of the end charging air-exchanging chamber charging tray is transferred to the push-down process furnace by end charging air-exchanging chamber again.The push-down process furnace has 5 charging tray positions, divides heating of 2 districts and control.Workpiece is heated to the temperature of carburizing requirement in this zone.
Carburizing, charging tray pushes away chain via side high temperature and charging tray is transferred to annular by the push-down process furnace changes in the end cementing furnace and ooze processing by force.Through different carburizing times is set, thereby accomplish the carburizing requirement of the different layer depths under the identical controlled atmosphere.The stepping of charging tray was accomplished by the gear motor drive commentaries on classics end in the annular commentaries on classics end cementing furnace stove, and detected the position of rotating at the commentaries on classics end through the grating switch.The grating switch will detect the simulating signal of changeing turned position, the end and flow to the charging tray tracking system; Charging tray tracking system just simulating signal is converted into numerical signal and flows to system; The motion of system pinion motor, and then annular is independently changeed end cementing furnace carburizing control by the carburizing process parameters of setting (temperature and carbon potential).Simultaneously for the ease of the temperature of each position, zone and the consistence of carbon potential in the detection stove; In annular furnace, be provided with 2 carbon potential check points of 3 temperature detection; These check points are monitored each other, and when any one check point surpasses the deviate of regulation, system will send sound and light alarm.Put when overproof like master control, with automatically switching on the not overproof auxilliary control check point.
Said annular is changeed end cementing furnace and is changeed the end and be provided with 12 stations, and what of station can be confirmed according to the carburizing time of product.
The strong cementation process that reaches the workpiece setting is after the time, and charging tray is transferred to annular through transport sector changes end diffusion furnace, and annular commentaries on classics end diffusion furnace spreads according to the processing parameter of setting; Reach diffusion technique after the time; The charging tray tracking system flows to the charging tray tracking system with the simulating signal that the charging tray proofing unit detects; The charging tray tracking system is converted into wave with simulating signal and flows to system; System control annular is changeed the discharging mechanism of end cementing furnace, and charging tray is transferred to annular changes end diffusion furnace.
Diffusion, charging tray is transferred to annular through transport sector changes end diffusion furnace, and annular is changeed end diffusion furnace and is spread according to the processing parameter of setting; The diffusion technique that reaches the workpiece setting is after the time; The charging tray tracking system flows to the charging tray tracking system with the simulating signal that the charging tray proofing unit detects; The charging tray tracking system is converted into wave with simulating signal and flows to system; System control annular is changeed the discharging mechanism of end diffusion furnace, and charging tray is transferred to the cooling stove that quenches.
The said annular commentaries on classics end diffusion furnace commentaries on classics end, be provided with 8 stations.
Cooling, the diffusion technique that reaches the workpiece setting are after the time, and charging tray is transferred in the cooling stove that quenches through transport sector lowers the temperature;
Insulation is transferred to by the transport sector in the cooling stove that quenches that quenching and preserving heat is indoor to be incubated;
Quench, workpiece is transferred to the lifting table of oil-quenching tank through the indoor transport sector of quenching and preserving heat, is immersed in through said lifting table and carries out quench cooled in the quenching oil, keeps accomplishing quenching process behind the certain hour;
The back is cleaned, and cleans the back oven dry through alkali lye cleaning, clear water;
Tempering pushes to the push-down tempering stove through transport sector with charging tray workpiece is carried out low-temperaturetempering;
Air-cooled, after the workpiece tempering, charging tray is transferred to air-cooled enterprising sector-style cooling through transport sector;
The discharging storing will pass through air-cooled workpiece and be transferred on the discharging storing platform through transport sector.
Embodiment 1:
Carrying out carburizing and quenching with automobile gear is example.Be set with the heat treatment requirements such as the following table 1 of three kinds of gears; According to the requirement of table 1, work out corresponding thermal treatment process such as table 2:
The heat treatment requirements of three kinds of gears of table 1.
Table 2 heat treatment process parameter
Above-mentioned three kinds of automobile gears are through material loading and get the raw materials ready → carry out the technological process of carburizing and diffusion behind preceding cleaning → preoxidation → heating process: and be 15-35min in each station residence time that annular is changeed end cementing furnace carburizing and annular commentaries on classics end diffusion furnace on the production line; Ooze 12 stations of stove by force, 8 stations of diffusion furnace are put.The setting productive temp is 30min.
After 3 kinds of gears are contained in the enterprising stove of charging tray respectively, change end cementing furnace carburizing through the charging tray proofing unit on the material loading storing platform and PLC time variable control processing parameter and annular and change end diffusion furnace running or transmitting device operation with annular.
The A gear changes end cementing furnace in annular and stops 660/30=22 station (fortune gets into recycling after circling); Change diffusion over to; Stop 360/30=12 station (fortune gets into recycling after circling) at diffusion furnace; Change the cooling quenching furnance over to and quench, get into the tempering stove 1 (temperature is 180 ℃) that has configured then and carry out tempering.
The B gear changes end cementing furnace in annular and stops 300/30=10 station, changes diffusion over to, stops 150/30=5 station at diffusion furnace, changes the cooling quenching furnance over to and quenches, and gets into the tempering stove 2 (temperature is 200 ℃) that has configured then and carries out tempering.
The C gear changes end cementing furnace in annular and stops 540/30=18 station (fortune gets into recycling after circling); Change diffusion over to; Stop 300/30=10 station (fortune gets into recycling after circling) at diffusion furnace; Change the cooling quenching furnance over to and quench, get into the tempering stove 1 (temperature is 180 ℃) that has configured then and carry out tempering.
Above-mentioned three kinds of gears after the time, get into cooling → insulation → quenching → back cleaning → tempering → air-cooled → discharging and storing through over carburizing and diffusion technique respectively, the completion technical process.
Fig. 2 is used for the heat treated equipment synoptic diagram of surface chemistry of mechanical component for the present invention; Comprise material loading storing platform 1, preceding cleaning machine 2, pre-oxidation furnace 3, process furnace 4, rotary bottom type cementing furnace 5, rotary bottom type diffusion furnace 6, the cooling stove 7 that quenches, quenching and preserving heat chamber 8, oil-quenching tank 9, back cleaning machine 10, low-temperaturetempering stove 11, air-cooled 12, discharging platform 13, charging tray proofing unit, said material loading storing platform 1, connect through transport sector successively between the cleaning machine 2, said pre-oxidation furnace 3, said process furnace 4, said rotary bottom type cementing furnace 5, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace 6, said quenching cooling stove 7, said quenching and preserving heat chamber 8, said oil-quenching tank 9, said back cleaning machine 10, said low-temperaturetempering stove 11, said air-cooled 12, said discharging platform 13 before said; Said material loading storing platform 1 is provided with the charging tray proofing unit.Said rotary bottom type cementing furnace 5 is annular with rotary bottom type diffusion furnace 6.The position signal of said charging tray proofing unit record charging tray is delivered to the PLC module, and said PLC module is controlled processing parameter through system or the motion of transport sector is controlled.
Transport sector between said process furnace 4, said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace 5, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace 6 and the said quenching cooling stove 7 pushes away chain for side high temperature.
Be provided with three temperature detecting point and two carbon potential monitoring points in said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace 5, the rotary bottom type diffusion furnace 6, can guarantee temperature and the consistence of carbon potential in the stove.
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 A-A directional profile synoptic diagram; Annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace 5 structures as shown in Figure 3 comprise that said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace 5 comprises equipment base 18, external furnace body 504, inner furnace body 502, turntable 509, sealing cutter, sealing oil groove 505; Drive unit 508, Qianmen 14 and in door 15, said external furnace body 504, inner furnace body 502, sealing oil groove 505 and drive unit 508 are installed on the said equipment base 18; Said external furnace body 504 is an annular, and said inner furnace body 502 is cylindrical; Said turntable 510 is annular and is arranged between said external furnace body 504 and the said inner furnace body 502, is installed on the said drive unit 508; Said sealing oil cutter 506 is an annular, and is made up of the oily cutter 5061 of ring in a group and one group of outer shroud oil cutter 5062, and said one group is interiorly encircled oily cutter 5061 one of them is fixed on inner furnace body 502 outer lower portion, and another is fixed on the bottom in said turntable 509 outsides; One of them is fixed on said external furnace body 504 lower inside said one group of outer shroud oil cutter 5062, and another is fixed on the bottom in said turntable 509 outsides; Said sealing oil groove 505 is for annular and be arranged on said sealing oil cutter 506 belows; Said Qianmen 14 and in door 15 be arranged on said external furnace body 504 diametric two ends, said Qianmen 14 is connected with said process furnace 4, said middle 15 is connected with said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace 6.
Fig. 4 is Fig. 2 A-A directional profile synoptic diagram; Annular rotary bottom type diffusion furnace 6 structures as shown in Figure 3 comprise equipment base 18, external furnace body 604, inner furnace body 602, are used to place the turntable 609 of charging tray, seal cutter 606, seal oil groove 605; Drive unit 608, back door 16, said external furnace body 604, inner furnace body 602, sealing oil groove 605 and drive unit 608 are installed on the said equipment base 18; Said external furnace body 604 is an annular, and said inner furnace body 602 is cylindrical; Said turntable is annular and is arranged between said external furnace body 604 and the said inner furnace body 602, is installed on the said drive unit 608; Said sealing oil cutter is an annular, and is made up of the oily cutter 6061 of ring in a group and one group of outer shroud oil cutter 6062, and said one group is interiorly encircled oily cutter 6061 one of them is fixed on inner furnace body 602 outer lower portion, and another is fixed on the bottom in said turntable 609 outsides; One of them is fixed on said external furnace body 604 lower inside said one group of outer shroud oil cutter 6062, and another is fixed on the bottom in said turntable 609 outsides; Said sealing oil groove 605 is for annular and be arranged on said sealing oil cutter below; Said back door 16 is arranged on said external furnace body 604 diametric(al)s and said middle 15 a relative end, and said back door 16 is connected with said quenching cooling stove 7.
The external furnace body of the external furnace body of said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace 5 and inner furnace body and said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace 6 and inner furnace body include furnace shell 5031,6031 and furnace lining 5032,6032; The housing of said process furnace 4, said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace 5, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace 6 and said quenching cooling stove 7 is integrally formed, and the transport sector between it pushes away chain mechanism 17 for side high temperature.
Described Qianmen 14, middle door 15 and back door 16 are used for the heat and the atmosphere of isolated said process furnace 4, said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace 5, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace 6 and said quenching cooling stove 7, by electric motor driving.Said sealing oil groove 605 is done support through the screw mandrel that is installed in said sealing oil groove 605 belows.
Said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace 5, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace 6 all also comprise the oxygen probe that is used to measure the thermopair of temperature in the burner hearth 507,607 and is used to measure carbon potentials in the burner hearth 507,607; Said thermopair and oxygen probe pass the top of external furnace body and insert in the burner hearth, and said thermopair and oxygen probe outside connect temperature controller and carbon control appearance respectively.
Said thermopair has master control temperature galvanic couple, from the temperature control galvanic couple, master control temperature galvanic couple is used for the detection and the control of CONTROL PROCESS temperature; Use to detect to cut off with overtemperature with overtemperature from the temperature control galvanic couple to add thermal control, each galvanic couple connects temperature controller, makes it to form that dynamic variable is gathered in real time and auto-closing is controlled.
Said oxygen probe stretches in the burner hearth through the tight socket of furnace roof, fully contacts with atmosphere, measures the carbon potential in the stove, and realizes the control of carbon potential through system PLC program and carbon control appearance.
Said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace 5, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace 6 all also comprise be used for atmosphere in the even burner hearth atmosphere circulator 501,601, said atmosphere circulator is installed in the top of burner hearth.Described atmosphere circulator comprises motor driver and fan.
Said turntable 509,609 is provided with the grating switch, with detecting the position that turntable rotates.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, not all within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a surface chemistry heat-treating methods that is used for mechanical component is characterized in that, comprises following operating process:
Feeding; Pending workpiece packed into be placed in the empty charging tray of production plant; The charging tray that charging tray transport sector through the workshop will install workpiece is placed on the feeding platform, is transferred to subsequently in the material loading storing platform, and the charging tray proofing unit on the said material loading storing platform is carried out charging tray and detected, follows the tracks of;
The preceding cleaning, the charging tray proofing unit on the material loading storing platform detects charging tray, cleans through alkali lye, clear water in the cleaning machine before startup charging tray transfer device transfers to charging tray;
Preoxidation, the workpiece after the cleaning is delivered in the pre-oxidation furnace through transport sector;
Heating, the workpiece of accomplishing preoxidation is transferred to end charging air-exchanging chamber by transport sector, and workpiece stops the pitch time of one-period and takes a breath, and transfers in the process furnace, workpiece is heated to the temperature of carburizing requirement;
Carburizing, charging tray are transferred in the end cementing furnace through transport sector, through different carburizing times is set, thereby accomplish the carburizing requirement of the different layer depths under the identical controlled atmosphere;
Diffusion, the strong cementation process that reaches the workpiece setting is after the time, and charging tray is transferred to end diffusion furnace through transport sector, changes end diffusion furnace and spreads according to the processing parameter of setting;
Cooling, the diffusion technique that reaches the workpiece setting are after the time, and charging tray is transferred in the cooling stove that quenches through transport sector lowers the temperature;
Insulation is transferred to by the transport sector in the cooling stove that quenches that quenching and preserving heat is indoor to be incubated;
Quench, workpiece is transferred to the lifting table of oil-quenching tank through the indoor transport sector of quenching and preserving heat, is immersed in through said lifting table and carries out quench cooled in the quenching oil, keeps accomplishing quenching process behind the certain hour according to processing requirement;
The back is cleaned, and cleans the back oven dry through alkali lye cleaning, clear water;
Tempering pushes to the push-down tempering stove through transport sector with charging tray workpiece is carried out low-temperaturetempering;
Air-cooled, after the workpiece tempering, charging tray is transferred to air-cooled enterprising sector-style cooling through transport sector;
The discharging storing will pass through air-cooled workpiece and be transferred on the discharging storing platform through transport sector.
2. the surface chemistry heat-treating methods that is used for mechanical component according to claim 1 is characterized in that, 350～550 ℃ of the temperature in the said pre-oxidation furnace.
3. heat treated equipment of surface chemistry that is used for mechanical component; It is characterized in that; Comprise material loading storing platform, preceding cleaning machine, pre-oxidation furnace, process furnace, rotary bottom type cementing furnace, rotary bottom type diffusion furnace, the cooling stove that quenches, quenching and preserving heat chamber, oil-quenching tank, back cleaning machine, low-temperaturetempering stove, air-cooled, discharging platform, charging tray proofing unit, said material loading storing platform, connect through transport sector successively between the cleaning machine, said pre-oxidation furnace, said end charging air-exchanging chamber, said process furnace, said rotary bottom type cementing furnace, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace, said quenching cooling stove, said quenching and preserving heat chamber, said oil-quenching tank, said back cleaning machine, said low-temperaturetempering stove, said air-cooled, said discharging platform before said; Said rotary bottom type cementing furnace and said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace are annular.
4. the heat treated equipment of surface chemistry that is used for mechanical component according to claim 3 is characterized in that, also comprises the charging tray proofing unit, and said charging tray proofing unit is arranged on the said material loading storing platform.
5. the heat treated equipment of surface chemistry that is used for mechanical component according to claim 4; It is characterized in that; Said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace comprises equipment base, external furnace body, inner furnace body, turntable, sealing cutter, sealing oil groove; Drive unit, Qianmen and Zhong Men, said external furnace body, inner furnace body, sealing oil groove and drive unit are installed on the said equipment base; Said external furnace body is an annular, and said inner furnace body is cylindrical; Said turntable is annular and is arranged between said external furnace body and the said inner furnace body, is installed on the said drive unit; Said sealing oil cutter is an annular, and is made up of the oily cutter of ring in a group and one group of outer shroud oil cutter, in said one group the oily cutter of ring one of them be fixed on the inner furnace body outer lower portion, another is fixed on the bottom outside the said turntable; One of them is fixed on said external furnace body lower inside said one group of outer shroud oil cutter, and another is fixed on the bottom in the said turntable outside; Said sealing oil groove is for annular and be arranged on said sealing oil cutter below; Said Qianmen and Zhong Men are arranged on the diametric two ends of said external furnace body, and said Qianmen is connected with said process furnace, and said middle door is connected with said annular rotary bottom type diffusion furnace.
6. the heat treated equipment of surface chemistry that is used for mechanical component according to claim 5; It is characterized in that; Said annular rotary bottom type diffusion furnace comprises equipment base, external furnace body, inner furnace body, turntable, sealing cutter, sealing oil groove; Drive unit, back door, said external furnace body, inner furnace body, sealing oil groove and drive unit are installed on the said equipment base; Said external furnace body is an annular, and said inner furnace body is cylindrical; Said turntable is annular and is arranged between said external furnace body and the said inner furnace body, is installed on the said drive unit; Said sealing oil cutter is an annular, and is made up of the oily cutter of ring in a group and one group of outer shroud oil cutter, in said one group the oily cutter of ring one of them be fixed on the inner furnace body outer lower portion, another is fixed on the bottom outside the said turntable; One of them is fixed on said external furnace body lower inside said one group of outer shroud oil cutter, and another is fixed on the bottom in the said turntable outside; Said sealing oil groove is for annular and be arranged on said sealing oil cutter below; Said back door is arranged on said external furnace body diametric(al) and the relative end of said middle door, and said back door is connected with said quenching cooling stove.
7. according to claim 5 or the 6 described heat treated equipment of surface chemistry that are used for mechanical component; It is characterized in that; Said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace all also comprise the oxygen probe that is used to measure the thermopair of temperature in the burner hearth and is used to measure carbon potential in the burner hearth; Said thermopair and oxygen probe pass the top of external furnace body and insert in the burner hearth, and said thermopair and oxygen probe outside connect temperature controller and carbon control appearance respectively.
8. according to claim 5 or the 6 described heat treated equipment of surface chemistry that are used for mechanical component; It is characterized in that; Said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace all also comprise be used for atmosphere in the even burner hearth atmosphere circulator, said atmosphere circulator is installed in the top of burner hearth.
9. according to claim 5 or the 6 described heat treated equipment of surface chemistry that are used for mechanical component, it is characterized in that said turntable is provided with the grating switch, with detecting the position that turntable rotates.
10. according to claim 5 or the 6 described heat treated equipment of surface chemistry that are used for mechanical component; It is characterized in that the transport sector between said process furnace, said annular rotary bottom type cementing furnace, said rotary bottom type diffusion furnace and the said quenching cooling stove pushes away chain for side high temperature.
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Effective date of registration: 20160324 Address after: 213311 Liyang city of Jiangsu province Daitou Industrial Zone No. 66 East Peilu Patentee after: HEPHAES HEAT TREATMENT SYSTEMS JIANGSU CO., LTD. Address before: 102208 Beijing, Huilongguan, Changping District, East Asia, North 2-2-1707 Patentee before: Chen Xi |