CN106048192B - A kind of Technology for Heating Processing for reducing hay mover and being deformed with spiral bevel gear - Google Patents
A kind of Technology for Heating Processing for reducing hay mover and being deformed with spiral bevel gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN106048192B CN106048192B CN201610707960.0A CN201610707960A CN106048192B CN 106048192 B CN106048192 B CN 106048192B CN 201610707960 A CN201610707960 A CN 201610707960A CN 106048192 B CN106048192 B CN 106048192B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Technology for Heating Processing for reducing hay mover and being deformed with spiral bevel gear, belong to technical field of heat treatment.The present invention step be：1) spiral bevel gear is prepared using SCM415 blanks；2) frame up；3) cleaned before；4) carburizing and quenching：850 ± 5 DEG C of 20 ± 1min of samming, carbon potential are 0.65 ± 0.025%；880 ± 5 DEG C strong to ooze 15 ± 1min of insulation, carbon potential is 0.8 ± 0.025%；880 ± 50 DEG C of diffusion 15 ± 1min of insulation, carbon potential is 0.8 ± 0.025%；840 ± 5 DEG C of quenching 20 ± 1min of samming, carbon potential are 0.65 ± 0.025%；Cooled down in 130 ± 10 DEG C of quenching oils；5) cleaned after；6) 150 ± 10min is tempered at a temperature of 175 ± 5 DEG C.Deflection after being heat-treated present invention decreases spiral bevel gear, heat treatment first-time qualification rate is up to 100%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Technology for Heating Processing, reduces hay mover more specifically to one kind and is become with spiral bevel gear
The Technology for Heating Processing of shape.
Background technology
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of spiral bevel gear, and the spiral bevel gear is widely used in the speed change of hay mover
It is the important component in mower reducer system in case.In the hay mover course of work, the condition of work of spiral bevel gear is non-
It is often complicated, it is desirable to which that it has excellent wearability, higher anti-contact fatigue and flexural fatigue resistance energy, and these performances need logical
Overheating Treatment is realized.At present, for the heat treatment of such spiral bevel gear, its normative heat treatment technique is produced using meshbeltfurnace
Line carburizing and quenching be tempered, using the method handle spiral bevel gear due to deflection it is big, yield rate is low after heat treatment, is only capable of
Reach 65% or so.
Through retrieval, Chinese Patent Application No. 201310323961.1, data of publication of application is on December 25th, 2013, invention wound
Make entitled：A kind of bevel gear Technology for Heating Processing, this application case are related to a kind of bevel gear Technology for Heating Processing, successively according to isothermal just
Fire, carburizing and quenching Step are carried out.By the way that common normalizing is changed into isothermal normalizing, carburizing process is changed to recrystallize twice can be with
The heat treatment process of bevel gear is greatly simplified, while processing cost can also be reduced.This application case has using isothermal normalizing
More uniform tissue and performance, reduce distorsion during quenching to a certain extent；But this application case is only in heat treatment flow
On by common normalizing preheating be changed to isothermal normalizing, simplify operating process, can not but ensure the performance of product after being once heat-treated
Unanimously, however it remains the problem of yield rate is low.
The content of the invention
1. invention technical problems to be solved
It is an object of the invention to overcome existing hay mover spiral bevel gear Technology for Heating Processing above shortcomings, carry
For a kind of Technology for Heating Processing for reducing the deformation of hay mover spiral bevel gear, using technical scheme, by spiral
The optimization of bevel gear carburizing and quenching processing, reduce the temperature difference at each position of spiral bevel gear, so as to reduce spiral bevel gear heat
Deflection after processing, the properties of product after heat treatment are consistent, and heat treatment first-time qualification rate is up to 100%.
2. technical scheme
To reach above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme provided by the invention is：
The Technology for Heating Processing that a kind of reduction hay mover of the present invention is deformed with spiral bevel gear, comprises the following steps：
(1) prepared by part：The trade mark is used to prepare hay mover spiral bevel gear for SCM415 steel alloy blank, the blank
High temperature normalizing processing must be carried out；
(2) frame up：The spiral bevel gear prepared in step (1) is fitted into charging basket；
(3) cleaned before：Cleaned to loading the spiral bevel gear in charging basket, it is dirty to remove spiral bevel gear remained on surface
Thing；
(4) carburizing and quenching：Carburizing and quenching processing is carried out to the spiral bevel gear after preceding cleaning, specifically includes following substep
Suddenly：
(4-1) protective atmosphere carburizing：Ladder-elevating temperature Heat preservation mode is used in protective atmosphere environment, 850 ± 5 DEG C
20 ± 1min of temperature, carbon-potential control are 0.65 ± 0.025%；It is 880 ± 5 DEG C strong to ooze 15 ± 1min of insulation, carbon-potential control is 0.8 ±
0.025%；880 ± 50 DEG C of diffusion 15 ± 1min of insulation, carbon-potential control is 0.8 ± 0.025%；840 ± 5 DEG C of quenching sammings 20 ±
1min, carbon-potential control are 0.65 ± 0.025%；
(4-2) quenching cooling：Cooled down in 130 ± 10 DEG C of quenching oils；
(5) clean afterwards：Spiral bevel gear after carburizing and quenching is cleaned, removes the oil of spiral bevel gear remained on surface
Mark；
(6) it is tempered：Temper is carried out to the spiral bevel gear after rear cleaning, temperature is 175 ± 5 DEG C, and the time is
150 ± 10min, tempering cool down in atmosphere after coming out of the stove.
Further, the chemical composition of the SCM415 steel alloy blanks in step (1) is：C：0.13~0.18；Mn：
0.60~0.90；Si：0.15~0.35；S：≤0.030；P：≤0.030；Cr：0.9~1.2；Mo：0.15~0.25；Ni：≤
0.25。
Further, the charging basket in step (2) uses latticed charging basket, and spiral bevel gear is inserted to the net of charging basket one by one
In lattice.
Further, spiral bevel gear is cleaned using vacuum hydrocarbon solvent in step (3) and step (5).
Further, protective atmosphere carburizing is carried out to spiral bevel gear using box controlled atmosphere generator in step (4-1)
Processing, and using methanol gas as protection gas；Spiral bevel gear is carried out using box type protective atmosphere tempering furnace in step (6)
Temper.
Further, quenching cooling is carried out using closed cooling tower circulation in step (4-2), by hot-quenching kerosene from quenching
Oil groove bottom is extracted out to be returned after closed cooling tower cools down from oil-quenching tank top, ensures oil sump temperature in setting range.
Further, using isothermal hardening oil in step (4-2), quenching oil is with 180 ± 20 revs/min of stirring at low speed.
Further, step (5) is cleaned afterwards terminate after to step (6) tempering start stand-by period be less than 2h.
Further, after step (6) tempering terminates, in addition to spiral bevel gear is tested successively, ball blast, dress
The step of case.
Further, in ball blast step, using vertical hanging shot-blasting machine, spiral bevel gear is placed on bin, made
With QP-4 steel sand strength ball blasts, the time is positive 3 minutes, reverse 3 minutes.
3. beneficial effect
Using technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with existing known technology, there is following remarkable result：
(1) Technology for Heating Processing that a kind of reduction hay mover of the invention is deformed with spiral bevel gear, it passes through to spiral umbrella
The optimization of gear carburizing quenching processing, reduce the temperature difference at each position of spiral bevel gear, so as to reduce at spiral bevel gear heat
Deflection after reason, the properties of product after heat treatment are consistent, and heat treatment first-time qualification rate is up to 100%；
(2) Technology for Heating Processing that a kind of reduction hay mover of the invention is deformed with spiral bevel gear, using latticed charging basket
Spiral bevel gear is framed up, spiral bevel gear is inserted in the grid of charging basket one by one, spiral bevel gear is uniformly distributed nothing
Accumulation, so that spiral bevel gear is heated and cooling is more uniform, and then machining stress is effectively eliminated, reduce spiral bevel gear
The heat treatment deformation of wheel；
(3) Technology for Heating Processing that a kind of reduction hay mover of the invention is deformed with spiral bevel gear is right before carburizing and quenching
Spiral bevel gear cleans before carrying out, and removes the dirts such as spiral bevel gear remained on surface cutting oil and iron filings, makes spiral bevel gear table
Face reaches certain cleanliness factor, and piece surface hardness is without soft spots, outward appearance non-variegation after having the function that quenching；After carburizing and quenching
Clean, the oil taken out of after parts quenching can be cleaned up completely so that the parts list after tempering after being carried out to spiral bevel gear
Face non-variegation and oil mark occur, and are ready for subsequent handling；Also, preceding cleaning and rear cleaning using vacuum hydrocarbon solvent come
Cleaning, cleaning efficiency is good, energy-conserving and environment-protective；
(4) Technology for Heating Processing that a kind of reduction hay mover of the invention is deformed with spiral bevel gear, in protective atmosphere environment
It is middle that carburizing heating is carried out to spiral bevel gear using ladder-elevating temperature Heat preservation mode, be advantageous to reduce each position of spiral bevel gear
The temperature difference, eliminate the generation of machining stress, reduce because heat it is too fast caused by spiral bevel gear deform；
(5) Technology for Heating Processing that a kind of reduction hay mover of the invention is deformed with spiral bevel gear, it is at 130 ± 10 DEG C etc.
Cooled down in warm quenching oil, and quenching cooling is carried out using closed cooling tower circulation, by hot-quenching kerosene from oil-quenching tank bottom
Extract out and returned after closed cooling tower cools down from oil-quenching tank top, ensure oil sump temperature in setting range, it is ensured that spiral
Bevel gear cooling is uniform, reduces the deformation of spiral bevel gear；
(6) Technology for Heating Processing that a kind of reduction hay mover of the invention is deformed with spiral bevel gear, its cleaning are arrived after terminating
The stand-by period that tempering starts is less than 2h, carries out temper in time and is advantageous to reduce spiral bevel gear deformation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of hay mover spiral bevel gear in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that frames up of spiral bevel gear in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the carburizing quenching process curve map (in figure carbon potential scope fluctuate ± 0.025%) in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the tempering process curve map in the present invention.
Embodiment
To further appreciate that present disclosure, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment
By taking the heat treatment process for the hay mover spiral bevel gear that certain modulus is 1.25, the number of teeth is 13 as an example, at heat
Managing technical requirements is：600~700HV of case hardness, effective case depth are 0.2~0.4mm, tooth muscle bounce≤0.015mm
(tooth muscle bounce≤0.008mm before heat treatment), Internal Hole Deformation amount≤0.015mm (Internal Hole Deformation amount before heat treatment≤
0.006mm).To reach above-mentioned heat treatment requirements, at the heat that a kind of reduction hay mover of the present embodiment is deformed with spiral bevel gear
Science and engineering skill, specifically includes following steps：
(1) prepared by part：The trade mark is used to prepare hay mover spiral bevel gear for SCM415 steel alloy blank, the blank
High temperature normalizing processing must be carried out, removes blank internal stress, the spiral bevel gear size of wheel for obtaining machining is more stable, prevents from becoming
Shape and cracking, while material hardness is reduced, improve blank machinability；In the present embodiment, SCM415 steel alloys blank
Chemical composition is (JIS G4085-2008)：C：0.13~0.18；Mn：0.60~0.90；Si：0.15~0.35；S：≤
0.030；P：≤0.030；Cr：0.9~1.2；Mo：0.15~0.25；Ni：≤0.25.
(2) frame up：The spiral bevel gear prepared in step (1) is fitted into charging basket；Specifically as shown in Fig. 2 charging basket is adopted
With latticed charging basket, spiral bevel gear is inserted in the grid of charging basket one by one, so, compared with meshbeltfurnace is heat-treated, spiral shell can be made
Rotation bevel gear is uniformly distributed no accumulation, so that spiral bevel gear is heated and cooling is more uniform, and then effectively eliminates processing
Stress, reduce the heat treatment deformation of spiral bevel gear；Due to can be used respectively in follow-up carburizing and quenching and tempering process
The box controlled atmosphere generators of UBE-600 and BTF-600 box type protective atmospheres tempering furnace carry out carburizing and quenching to spiral bevel gear and returned
Fire, and every spiral bevel gear only has 12g, therefore in order to prevent heat loss, spiral bevel gear is inserted to the grid of charging basket piece by piece
Interior, 600/charging basket, 12 layered material baskets are stacked together, and are placed on the latter half of charging tray together, and the first half of charging tray uses
Waste material is supplemented.
(3) cleaned before：Cleaned to loading the spiral bevel gear in charging basket, it is dirty to remove spiral bevel gear remained on surface
Thing；In this step, spiral bevel gear is cleaned using vacuum hydrocarbon solvent, specific use is Sino-Japan joint in the present embodiment
The vacuum hydrocarbon solvent cleaning machine of production cleans before carrying out, and main purpose is that the machining for removing spiral bevel gear remained on surface is cut
The dirts such as oily and trickle iron filings are cut, spiral bevel gear wheel surface is reached certain cleanliness factor, reach piece surface hardness after quenching
Effect without soft spots, outward appearance non-variegation.
(4) carburizing and quenching：Carburizing and quenching processing, carburizing quenching process curve map are carried out to the spiral bevel gear after preceding cleaning
As shown in figure 3, specifically include it is following step by step：
(4-1) protective atmosphere carburizing：Because part is in heating process, not only thermal stress can produce distortion, discharge simultaneously
Internal stress can also produce distortion, and firing rate is to influence a key factor caused by spiral bevel gear stress, spiral bevel gear
It is also bigger to take turns the more big then stress of the temperature difference at each position, therefore the present embodiment is to be protected in protective atmosphere environment using ladder-elevating temperature
The mode of temperature heating carries out Carburization Treatment, is advantageous to reduce the temperature difference at each position of spiral bevel gear, eliminates the production of machining stress
It is raw, reduce the spiral bevel gear caused by heating is too fast and deform；Specifically, using the box controlled atmosphere generators of UBE-600, heating
During using methanol gas as protection gas, flow is controlled in 2200~2600ml/min, while in order to reduce spiral bevel gear
The deformation of form of gear tooth, improve case hardness, 4~6L/h propane gas is passed through into stove, be heated to 850 ± 5 DEG C of sammings 20 ±
1min, carbon-potential control are 0.65 ± 0.025%Cp；Be heated to it is 880 ± 5 DEG C strong ooze 15 ± 1min of insulation, carbon-potential control is 0.8 ±
0.025%Cp；880 ± 50 DEG C of diffusion 15 ± 1min of insulation are heated to, carbon-potential control is 0.8 ± 0.025%Cp；It is heated to 840
± 5 DEG C of quenching 20 ± 1min of samming, carbon-potential control is 0.65 ± 0.025%Cp；Ensure the final carbon contents of spiral bevel gear
0.67~0.72%；
(4-2) quenching cooling：Cooled down in 130 ± 10 DEG C of quenching oils；Quenching oil in the step is quenched using isothermal
Kerosene, specifically used using import Japan light extraction X-type isothermal hardening oil, quenching oil with 180 ± 20 revs/min of stirring at low speed
Closed cooling tower circulation carry out quenching cooling, by hot-quenching kerosene from oil-quenching tank bottom extract out after closed cooling tower cools down from
Oil-quenching tank top returns, and ensures oil sump temperature in setting range, it is ensured that spiral bevel gear cooling is uniform, reduces spiral bevel gear
The deformation of wheel；The quenching cooling technique is to reduce the important step of spiral bevel gear heat treatment deformation.
(5) clean afterwards：Spiral bevel gear after carburizing and quenching is cleaned, removes the oil of spiral bevel gear remained on surface
Mark；It is identical with preceding cleaning, also spiral bevel gear is cleaned using vacuum hydrocarbon solvent in the step, it is specific to use Sino-Japan close
The vacuum hydrocarbon solvent cleaning machine of money production cleans after carrying out, and the oil taken out of after parts quenching is cleaned up completely so that return
Piece surface non-variegation and oil mark after fire occur, and the piece surface after cleaning is silvery white in color, is ready for subsequent handling.
(6) it is tempered：Temper is carried out to the spiral bevel gear after rear cleaning, the box guarantors of BTF-600 are used in the step
Atmosphere tempering furnace is protected, for tempering process curve as shown in figure 4, temperature is 175 ± 5 DEG C, the time is 150 ± 10min, is tempered out
Cooled down in atmosphere after stove；It is preferred that since step (5) clean afterwards terminate after to step (6) be tempered stand-by period be less than
2h, temper is carried out in time and is advantageous to reduce spiral bevel gear deformation.
(7) examine：Randomly select a spiral bevel gear after the processing of above-mentioned Technology for Heating Processing to test, examine
As a result such as following table：
(8) ball blast：Using vertical hanging shot-blasting machine, spiral bevel gear is placed on material rack special, it is strong using QP-4 steel sands
Power ball blast, time are positive 3 minutes, reverse 3 minutes.
(9) case：Antirust oil dress is soaked after the spiral bevel gear part that ball blast terminates is blown off into surface dirt with compressed air
Case.
After the Technology for Heating Processing of the present embodiment, by the optimization handled the sub- warm carburizing and quenching of spiral bevel gear, subtract
The temperature difference at each position of small spiral bevel gear, so as to reduce the deflection after spiral bevel gear heat treatment, the production after heat treatment
Moral character can be consistent, and heat treatment first-time qualification rate is up to 100%.
Schematically the present invention and embodiments thereof are described above, this describes no restricted, institute in accompanying drawing
What is shown is also one of embodiments of the present invention, and actual structure is not limited thereto.So if common skill of this area
Art personnel are enlightened by it, without departing from the spirit of the invention, without creatively designing and the technical scheme
Similar frame mode and embodiment, protection scope of the present invention all should be belonged to.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Technology for Heating Processing for reducing hay mover and being deformed with spiral bevel gear, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）It is prepared by part：The trade mark is used to prepare hay mover spiral bevel gear for SCM415 steel alloy blank, the blank must enter
The processing of row high temperature normalizing, the chemical composition of SCM415 steel alloy blanks are：C：0.13~0.18；Mn：0.60~0.90；Si：0.15~
0.35；S：≤0.030；P：≤0.030；Cr：0.9~1.2；Mo：0.15~0.25；Ni：≤0.25；
（2）Frame up：By step（1）In the spiral bevel gear for preparing be fitted into charging basket, charging basket uses latticed charging basket, by spiral
Bevel gear inserts in the grid of charging basket one by one；
（3）Preceding cleaning：Cleaned to loading the spiral bevel gear in charging basket, remove spiral bevel gear remained on surface dirt；
（4）Carburizing and quenching：To after preceding cleaning spiral bevel gear carry out carburizing and quenching processing, specifically include it is following step by step：
（4-1）Protective atmosphere carburizing：Ladder-elevating temperature Heat preservation mode, 850 ± 5 DEG C of sammings 20 are used in protective atmosphere environment
± 1min, carbon-potential control are 0.65 ± 0.025%；880 ± 5 DEG C strong to ooze 15 ± 1min of insulation, carbon-potential control is 0.8 ± 0.025%；
880 ± 5 DEG C of diffusion 15 ± 1min of insulation, carbon-potential control is 0.8 ± 0.025%；840 ± 5 DEG C of quenching 20 ± 1min of samming, carbon potential
Control as 0.65 ± 0.025%；
（4-2）Quenching cooling：Cooled down in 130 ± 10 DEG C of quenching oils, and using isothermal hardening oil, quenching oil with 180 ±
20 revs/min of stirring at low speed；
（5）After clean：Spiral bevel gear after carburizing and quenching is cleaned, removes the oil stain of spiral bevel gear remained on surface；
（6）Tempering：To after rear cleaning spiral bevel gear carry out temper, temperature be 175 ± 5 DEG C, the time be 150 ±
10min, tempering cool down in atmosphere after coming out of the stove, step（5）The stand-by period started after cleaning terminates afterwards to tempering is less than 2h.
2. a kind of Technology for Heating Processing for reducing hay mover and being deformed with spiral bevel gear according to claim 1, its feature exist
In：Step（3）And step（5）In spiral bevel gear is cleaned using vacuum hydrocarbon solvent.
3. a kind of Technology for Heating Processing for reducing hay mover and being deformed with spiral bevel gear according to claim 1, its feature exist
In：Step（4-1）It is middle that protective atmosphere Carburization Treatment is carried out to spiral bevel gear using box controlled atmosphere generator, and use methanol gas
Body is as protection gas；Step（6）It is middle that temper is carried out to spiral bevel gear using box type protective atmosphere tempering furnace.
4. a kind of Technology for Heating Processing for reducing hay mover and being deformed with spiral bevel gear according to claim 1, its feature exist
In：Step（4-2）It is middle that quenching cooling is carried out using closed cooling tower circulation, hot-quenching kerosene is extracted out from oil-quenching tank bottom and passed through
Returned after closed cooling tower cooling from oil-quenching tank top, ensure oil sump temperature in setting range.
5. a kind of Technology for Heating Processing for reducing hay mover and being deformed with spiral bevel gear according to claim 1, its feature exist
In：In step（6）Tempering terminate after, include spiral bevel gear is tested successively, ball blast, case the step of.
6. a kind of Technology for Heating Processing for reducing hay mover and being deformed with spiral bevel gear according to claim 5, its feature exist
In：In ball blast step, using vertical hanging shot-blasting machine, spiral bevel gear is placed on bin, thrown using QP-4 steel sands strength
Ball, time are positive 3 minutes, reverse 3 minutes.
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| CN107034342A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-08-11 | 燕凌飞 | A kind of heat treatment method of spiral bevel gear |
| CN108866309B (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-07-07 | 台州市众达热处理有限公司 | Gear piece separating device and heat treatment process thereof |
| CN109182719B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2020-09-04 | 厦门真冈热处理有限公司 | Heat treatment method for pinion of automobile electric steering system |
| CN110421326A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-08 | 重庆申耀机械工业有限责任公司 | A kind of processing technology of nutating gear |
| CN111020455B (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-09-14 | 武汉理工大学 | Sub-temperature carburizing heat treatment method for reducing heat treatment deformation of thin-wall gear |
| CN111394686B (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-12-14 | 南阳浩帆车辆部件有限公司 | Heat treatment method of small module gear |
| CN113122856A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-16 | 苏州尚工机械有限公司 | Method and device for preventing carburized and quenched part from deforming |
| CN113957228A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-21 | 上海丰东热处理工程有限公司 | Heat treatment process for transmission motor shaft |
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