CN108866309B - Gear piece separating device and heat treatment process thereof - Google Patents
Gear piece separating device and heat treatment process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108866309B CN108866309B CN201810810374.8A CN201810810374A CN108866309B CN 108866309 B CN108866309 B CN 108866309B CN 201810810374 A CN201810810374 A CN 201810810374A CN 108866309 B CN108866309 B CN 108866309B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gear piece separating device and a heat treatment process thereof, relating to the field of heat treatment, and the key points of the technical scheme are as follows: the separating rack comprises a rack and separating racks, wherein the separating racks comprise a plurality of first racks arranged along the circumferential direction and a plurality of second racks arranged along the axial direction, a separating opening is formed between any two adjacent first racks and any two adjacent second racks, the caliber of the separating opening is larger than the diameter of a gasket and smaller than the diameter of a gear piece body, a feeding opening and a discharging opening are respectively formed in two ends of each separating rack, and a rotating shaft for driving the separating racks to rotate is arranged in each separating rack along the axial direction; the separating frame is provided, and the separating opening with the caliber larger than the diameter of the gasket and smaller than the diameter of the gear piece body is formed in the separating frame, so that the gear piece and the gasket can be quickly separated, the separation efficiency can be improved, and the labor cost can be reduced; and the gear piece is subjected to oil leaching after being quenched by cooling oil, so that the cooling oil returns to the oil groove for reuse, and resource saving is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heat treatment, in particular to a gear piece separating device and a heat treatment process thereof.
Background
A common gear piece is shown in fig. 1 and includes a circular gear piece body 1, a through hole 11 penetrates through the center of the gear piece body 1, and a plurality of sawteeth 12 are arranged on the outer side wall of the gear piece body 1 along the circumferential direction.
Gear piece is carrying out heat treatment in-process, need wear to locate gear piece body 1 through-hole 11 and carry out heat treatment on iron bar 2, at whole heat treatment's in-process, because the temperature is higher for easily produce the bonding between two adjacent gear piece bodies 1, need overlap at two adjacent gear piece bodies 1 this moment and be equipped with high temperature resistant gasket 21 (as shown in fig. 2) to separate gear piece body 1.
Foretell gear piece body 1 need separate gear piece body 1 after thermal treatment, and traditional separation mode is directly extracted iron rod 2 from gear piece body 1 and gasket 21 after taking off iron rod 2 from heat treatment furnace for gear piece body 1 and gasket 21 scatter subaerial, and the rethread is artifical sorts, and the required manpower of this kind of mode is more, and work efficiency is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gear piece separating device which has the advantage of high gear piece separating efficiency.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a separator of gear piece, includes the frame, be provided with the separation frame that is the slope setting in the frame, the separation frame includes and locates along a plurality of first framves that the circumference direction evenly set up and cover a plurality of second framves that just evenly set up along the axial direction on the first frame, be provided with the separation mouth between two arbitrary adjacent first framves and two arbitrary adjacent second framves, the bore of separation mouth is greater than the diameter of gasket, is less than the diameter of gear piece body, the top of separation frame is provided with the feed inlet, and the bottom is provided with the discharge gate, be provided with the drive along the axial direction in the separation frame pivoted axis of rotation, the both ends of axis of rotation respectively in feed inlet and discharge gate, and rotate and connect in the frame.
According to the technical scheme, when the gear piece and the gasket are required to be separated, the rotating shaft is rotated, so that the gear piece and the gasket on the iron rod all flow into the separating frame from the feed inlet after the separating frame rotates, the gasket directly flows out from the separating opening due to the fact that the caliber of the separating opening is larger than the diameter of the gasket and smaller than the diameter of the gear piece body, and the gear piece flows out from the feed outlet for collection in the rotating process of the separating frame; this kind is through setting up rotatable separating frame, and sets up the bore on the separating frame and be greater than the gasket diameter, is less than the separation mouth of gear piece body diameter to be convenient for separate gear piece and gasket fast, be favorable to improving separation efficiency, and can reduce the human cost.
Preferably, a motor is arranged on the frame on one side of the feed port, a first gear is arranged on an output shaft of the motor, a second gear is arranged on a part of the rotating shaft protruding out of the feed port, and a belt is sleeved on the first gear and the second gear.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, can directly drive the rotation of output shaft through setting up the motor to avoid using the manpower to rotate the rotation axis, be favorable to further improving separation efficiency.
Preferably, a sleeve frame is arranged on the rack below the separation frame, an opening penetrates through the bottom of the sleeve frame, and a discharge table is obliquely arranged downwards on the side wall of the opening.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, wrap up in order to wrap up the below of separator through setting up the cover frame to collect effectively with the gasket that separates through opening and ejection of compact platform, and then can avoid appearing the gasket and spill the condition that scatters wantonly from the separator below.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a gear piece heat treatment process which has the advantages of saving energy and improving the strength of the gear piece.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a heat treatment process for gear pieces comprises
Step S1: a furnace loading step, namely, the gear piece and the gasket are alternately hung on an iron rod in a penetrating way, and then the iron rod is placed on a tray and loaded into a heating furnace;
step S2: a heating step, namely heating the heating furnace to the temperature of 850-;
step S3: a carburizing step, namely dripping ethanol into a gear piece in a heating furnace and filling methane gas;
step S4: a quenching step, namely putting the carburized gear piece into cooling oil with the oil temperature of 50-60 ℃ and heating the oil temperature of the cooling oil to 120-130 ℃;
step S5: a cleaning step, namely pulling the gear piece out of the heating furnace and cleaning the gear piece to remove cooling oil on the surface of the gear piece;
step S6: a tempering step, heating the gear piece to 170-300 ℃ within 2-4 h;
step S7: and (5) standing the gear piece for natural cooling, and separating the gear piece and the gasket by using a separating device.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, through once only rising to required temperature with the temperature in the heating furnace for the gear piece can enter into the in-process of thermal treatment fast, in order to reduce the energy loss that the intensification brought many times, be favorable to the energy saving, later carburize, the quenching is in order to improve the hardness on gear piece surface to the gear piece again after, washs the cooling back with the gear piece again, carries out tempering and natural cooling, in order to improve the structural strength of gear piece.
Preferably, the step S3 includes a step S31 of dissolving tall oil fatty acid in dropwise added ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of ethanol to tall oil fatty acid is 50: 1; step S32, adding ethanol dissolved with tall oil fatty acid into the heating furnace in an amount of 45-55mL/min, and adding propane in an amount of 7-8L/min.
Through the technical scheme, after tall oil fatty acid is dissolved in ethanol according to a certain proportion, carbon elements in the ethanol can be rapidly dissolved into the gear piece, and the carburization efficiency is favorably improved.
Preferably, in the step S3, the carburizing time is 20-30min, and is performed twice in the heat preservation process, the first carburizing time is within 2.5h-4h of the heat preservation, and the time of dropping ethanol and the time of filling propane are 20 min; the time of the second carburization is within 4h-4.5h of heat preservation, and the time of dripping ethanol and the time of filling propane are 10 min.
Through the technical scheme, the total time of the whole carburization is 20-30min, the carburization process needs to be slowly carried out, the carburization time is divided into two times in the total time of the heat treatment, and the interval time is gradually increased, so that the carbon can have sufficient time and opportunity to be fused with an output shaft, and a stable effect can be achieved after fusion.
Preferably, in step S4, the cooling oil is placed in the oil tank, a turntable driven by a motor to rotate is disposed at the bottom of the oil tank, the tray with the gear plate is placed on the turntable, and the motor is started to rotate the tray so as to stir the cooling oil.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, after the gear piece that will quench is put into the cooling oil, the cooling oil covers the gear piece and carries out quick cooling with the heat that absorbs the gear piece, drives the output shaft through the motor this moment again and rotates for the cooling oil produces the rotation, in order to accelerate the cooling to the gear piece, improves quenching efficiency.
Preferably, after the gear pieces on the tray are cooled by cooling oil in the oil tank, the tray is taken out of the oil tank and suspended in the heating furnace for draining oil for 10-20 min.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, through hanging the tray oil logging for cooling oil on the gear piece can get back to in the oil groove, compares in directly wasing, and the waste of reducible cooling oil is favorable to the energy saving.
Preferably, in step S5, the cleaning agent used for cleaning is formed by dissolving phosphorus-free degreasing powder into water, and the volume ratio of the phosphorus-free degreasing powder to the water is 1: 16.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, wash through using the water that dissolves there is phosphorus-free degrease powder, be favorable to improving the deoiling efficiency on gear piece surface.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the rotatable separating frame is arranged, and the separating opening with the caliber larger than the diameter of the gasket and smaller than the diameter of the gear piece body is formed in the separating frame, so that the gear piece and the gasket can be quickly separated, the separation efficiency can be improved, and the labor cost can be reduced;
2. in the process of carrying out heat treatment on the gear piece, the temperature in the heating furnace is heated to the temperature required by the gear piece at one time, and oil is drained after the cooling oil is quenched, so that the cooling oil returns to the oil groove, and the resource is saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structure diagram of a common gear piece, which is used for mainly showing the overall structure of the common gear piece;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the gear piece body and the spacer sleeved on the iron rod, which is used for mainly showing a penetrating and hanging structure in the heat treatment process of the gear piece body;
fig. 3 is an overall structure diagram of the first embodiment, which is used to highlight the overall structure of the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 3, showing the structure of the first and second shelves;
FIG. 5 is a view showing an overall structure of the jacket frame according to the first embodiment, for focusing on the position of the opening;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the second embodiment, which is used to highlight the process flow of the heat treatment.
Reference numerals: 1. a gear piece body; 11. a through hole; 12. saw teeth; 2. an iron rod; 21. a gasket; 3. a frame; 4. a separation frame; 41. a first frame; 42. a second frame; 43. a feed inlet; 44. a discharge port; 5. a separation port; 6. a rotating shaft; 61. a second gear; 62. fixing the rod; 7. a motor; 71. a first gear; 8. a belt; 9. sleeving a frame; 91. an opening; 10. a discharging platform.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 3, a gear piece separating device includes a square frame 3, a cylindrical separating frame 4 is arranged on the frame 3, the separating frame 4 is inclined, a feed inlet 43 and a discharge outlet 44 are respectively arranged at two ends of the separating frame 4, and the distance from the feed inlet 43 to the frame 3 is greater than the distance from the discharge outlet 44 to the frame 3, that is, the feed inlet 43 is located at the top end of the separating frame 4, and the discharge outlet 44 is located at the bottom end of the separating frame 4.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the separation frame 4 includes a plurality of first frames 41 uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of second frames 42 uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the first frames 41 and sleeved outside the first frames 41, wherein the first frames 41 are in a long strip shape, and the second frames 42 are in a circular shape; a separation opening 5 is arranged between any two adjacent first frames 41 and any two adjacent second frames 42, the aperture of the separation opening 5 is larger than the diameter of the gasket 21 and smaller than the diameter of the gear piece body 1, a rotating shaft 6 is arranged in the separation frame 4 along the axial direction, the rotating shaft 6 penetrates through the center position of the feed opening 43 and the discharge opening 44, and a plurality of fixing rods 62 extend towards the inner side wall direction of the separation frame 4 on the outer side wall of the rotating shaft 6 in the feed opening 43 and the discharge opening 44, so that the rotating shaft 6 is connected with the separation frame 4, and two ends of the rotating shaft 6 respectively protrude out of the feed opening 43 and the discharge opening 44 and are rotatably connected to the rack 3 to drive the separation frame 4 to rotate.
The frame 3 on one side of the feed port 43 is provided with a motor 7, an output shaft of the motor 7 is provided with a first gear 71, a part of the rotating shaft 6 protruding out of the feed port 43 is provided with a second gear 61, the first gear 71 and the second gear 61 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the first gear 71 and the second gear 61 are sleeved with a belt 8, so that the motor 7 can drive the rotating shaft 6 to rotate when rotating.
Referring to fig. 5, a sleeve frame 9 is fixedly connected to the rack 3 below the separation frame 4, the sleeve frame 9 is wrapped outside the separation frame 4, the length of the sleeve frame 9 is greater than that of the separation frame 4, two ends of the sleeve frame 9 protrude out of the feed port 43 and the discharge port 44, an opening 91 penetrates through the bottom of the sleeve frame 9 along the length direction, a discharge table 10 is arranged on the side wall of the opening 91, the discharge table 10 is obliquely arranged downwards and protrudes out of the side wall of the rack 3, so that the separated gasket 21 is collected through the discharge table 10.
The actual working process is as follows:
when the gear piece and the gasket 21 need to be separated, the motor 7 is started to drive the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, and after the separating frame 4 rotates, the gear piece and the gasket 21 on the iron rod 2 all flow into the separating frame 4 from the feed inlet 43, and because the caliber of the separating port 5 is larger than the diameter of the gasket 21 and smaller than the diameter of the gear piece body 1, the gasket 21 directly flows out from the separating port 5 and falls onto the sleeve frame 9, and then flows onto the discharging table 10 through the opening 91 for collection, and the gear piece flows out through the discharge outlet 44 in the rotating process of the separating frame 4 for collection.
Example two:
referring to fig. 6, a gear piece heat treatment process includes step S1: a furnace loading step, namely, the gear pieces and the gaskets are alternately hung on the iron rods in a penetrating manner, and then a plurality of trays are prepared, so that the iron rods are placed on the trays one by one and then are loaded into a heating furnace; and after the trays are all put into the heating furnace and fixed, the step S2 is carried out: and a heating step, namely heating the heating furnace to ensure that the temperature of the heating furnace is raised to 850-870 ℃ within 20min at one time, preferably to 860 ℃, and then keeping the gear piece for 2.5-4.5 h in the environment of 850-870 ℃.
Step S3: a carburizing step, namely dripping ethanol and filling methane gas into the gear piece in the heating furnace to improve the carbon content of the gear piece and enhance the surface hardness of the gear piece, wherein the concrete operations of dripping ethanol and filling methane gas are carried out according to the following mode, firstly, because the gear piece needs to last for 2.5-4.5 h in an environment with the temperature of 850-870 ℃, the time required by carburizing is 20-30min in the process; in order to ensure that carbon can be fully dissolved into the gear piece, the carburization needs to be carried out in two times in the whole heat preservation process of the gear piece, the first carburization time is within 2.5h-4h in the heat preservation process, the time for dripping ethanol and the whole time for filling propane are 20min, and 2/3 of the total time is occupied; the time of the second carburization is within 4h-4.5h in the heat preservation process, and the time of dripping ethanol and the whole time of filling propane are 10min, which accounts for 1/3 of the total time.
In addition, before carburization, the efficiency of carbon element being fused into the gear piece needs to be ensured, step S3 can be divided into step S31 and step S32, step S31 is to dissolve tall oil fatty acid into dropwise added ethanol, and the mass ratio of ethanol to tall oil fatty acid is 50: 1; step S32 is to control the adding amount of ethanol and methane, specifically, ethanol dissolved with tall oil fatty acid is added into the heating furnace at the amount of 45-55mL/min and propane at the amount of 7-8L/min.
TABLE 1 output shaft carburization efficiency test table
Step S4: a quenching step, namely putting the carburized gear piece into cooling oil with the oil temperature of 50-60 ℃ for rapid cooling, wherein the cooling oil used for quenching is placed in an oil tank, a turntable which is driven to rotate by a driving motor is arranged at the bottom of the oil tank, a tray with the gear piece can be placed on the turntable during quenching, then the driving motor is started, so that the driving motor drives the tray to rotate to stir the cooling oil, the quenching speed is accelerated, and finally the oil temperature of the cooling oil of the gear piece after quenching can be increased to 120-130 ℃; after quenching, more cooling oil can adhere to the gear piece, and in order to reduce the waste of the cooling oil, the gear piece on the tray can be taken out from the oil groove and hung in the heating furnace for oil draining for 10-20min after being cooled by the cooling oil in the oil groove, so that the cooling oil on the gear piece returns to the oil groove.
Step S5: a cleaning step, namely pulling the gear piece out of the heating furnace and cleaning the gear piece to remove cooling oil on the surface of the gear piece; the cleaning agent used for cleaning in the process is formed by dissolving phosphorus-free degreasing powder into water, and the volume ratio of the phosphorus-free degreasing powder to the water is 1: 16.
Step S6: tempering, namely reheating the gear piece to 170-300 ℃ within 2-4 h; step S7: and (5) standing the gear piece for natural cooling, and separating the gear piece and the gasket by using a separating device.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the present invention and not to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (4)
1. A gear piece heat treatment process is characterized in that: comprises that
Step S1: a furnace loading step, namely, the gear piece and the gasket are alternately hung on an iron rod in a penetrating way, and then the iron rod is placed on a tray and loaded into a heating furnace;
step S2: a heating step, namely heating the heating furnace to the temperature of 850-;
step S3: a carburizing step, namely dripping ethanol into a gear piece in a heating furnace and filling methane gas;
step S4: a quenching step, namely putting the carburized gear piece into cooling oil with the oil temperature of 50-60 ℃ and heating the oil temperature of the cooling oil to 120-130 ℃;
step S5: a cleaning step, namely pulling the gear piece out of the heating furnace and cleaning the gear piece to remove cooling oil on the surface of the gear piece;
step S6: a tempering step, heating the gear piece to 170-300 ℃ within 2-4 h;
step S7: after the gear piece is placed still and naturally cooled, the gear piece and the gasket are separated by a separating device;
the step S3 comprises a step S31 of dissolving tall oil fatty acid into dropwise added ethanol, wherein the mass ratio of ethanol to tall oil fatty acid is 50: 1; step S32, adding ethanol dissolved with tall oil fatty acid into a heating furnace in an amount of 45-55mL/min and propane in an amount of 7-8L/min;
in the step S3, the required time of carburizing is 20-30min, and the carburizing is carried out twice in the heat preservation process, the time of the first carburizing is within 2.5h-4h of the heat preservation, and the time of dropping ethanol and the time of filling propane are 20 min; the time of the second carburization is within 4h-4.5h of heat preservation, and the time of dripping ethanol and the time of filling propane are 10 min.
2. The gear piece heat treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: in step S4, the cooling oil is placed in the oil tank, the bottom of the oil tank is provided with a turntable driven to rotate by the driving motor, the tray on which the gear piece is placed on the turntable, and the driving motor is started so that the driving motor drives the tray to rotate to stir the cooling oil.
3. The gear piece heat treatment process according to claim 2, wherein: and after the gear pieces on the tray are cooled by cooling oil in the oil groove, taking the tray out of the oil groove and suspending the tray in the heating furnace for draining the oil for 10-20 min.
4. The gear piece heat treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S5, the cleaning agent used for cleaning is formed by dissolving phosphorus-free degreasing powder into water, and the volume ratio of the phosphorus-free degreasing powder to the water is 1: 16.
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| CN201810810374.8A CN108866309B (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | Gear piece separating device and heat treatment process thereof |
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| CN109609892A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-12 | 浙江童氏汽车部件股份有限公司 | A kind of heat treatment process of automobile club |
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| JP2013028860A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-02-07 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | Steel material made of carburizing steel having excellent torsion-fatigue characteristics |
| CN203124271U (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-08-14 | 大速电机有限公司 | Screen net drum for sorting punched-piece waste materials |
| CN103599883A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-02-26 | 深圳市泽宇自动化设备有限公司 | Multipurpose injection-molding and die-casting part sorting machine with rotary drum structure |
| CN104128766A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-11-05 | 成都亨通兆业精密机械有限公司 | Gear production process adopting blank casting |
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