CN105999395B - 一种玻璃碳、人工气管的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种玻璃碳、人工气管的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105999395B
CN105999395B CN201610312351.5A CN201610312351A CN105999395B CN 105999395 B CN105999395 B CN 105999395B CN 201610312351 A CN201610312351 A CN 201610312351A CN 105999395 B CN105999395 B CN 105999395B
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孙建岭
王艳
张静静
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种玻璃碳、人工气管的制备方法，用于人工气管的玻璃碳包括以下重量份计的原料：聚丙烯腈40~100份、聚硅氧烷30~40份、醋酸纤维素80~100份、聚氯乙烯20~30份、磷酸三钙10~20份、氧化钾90~100份、二氧化钛20~70份、聚二甲基硅氧烷60~90份。制备方法：聚丙烯腈、聚硅氧烷、醋酸纤维素、聚氯乙烯、磷酸三钙、氧化钾、二氧化钛、聚二甲基硅氧烷混合均匀，熔化，冷却成型；在无氧介质中进行碳化处理，然后升温至2000~3000℃反应1~2h。本发明的玻璃碳生物稳定性较好，弹性模量为22~24GPa，疲劳强度为93~100MPa，抗压强度为680~700MPa，耐生物老化性能强。

Description

一种玻璃碳、人工气管的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药材料领域，尤其涉及一种用于人工气管的玻璃碳及其制备方法。
背景技术
玻璃碳(GC)是一种新型的碳材料．玻璃碳，具有气密性和导电性好、热胀系数小、质地坚硬和易于抛光成镜面、化学惰性、具有较高的氢超电位等特点，因此适用于做电化学和电分析用的工作电极材料。因其端口形貌和结构特征类似玻璃而被称做玻璃碳，是1962年由英国的Davison和日本Yamada几乎同时发明了的。由于玻璃碳具有密度小、耐高温、抗渗透等特性，使其在化学工业、冶金工业、电子工业、生物工程等诸多领域有广泛的用途。
玻璃碳具有气密性和导电性好、热胀系数小、质地坚硬和易于抛光成镜面、化学惰性、具有较高的氢超电位等特点，因此适用于做电化学和电分析用的工作电极材料。电极的形式有棒状、圆盘、旋转圆盘、旋转环盘电极等。玻璃碳电极适用的电位范围较宽，既可以在负电位区研究无机物，也可以研究多在正电位区发生的有机物的氧化还原反应。用它作基体，还可以制备汞膜玻碳电极和化学修饰电极。电极在使用前要进行表面抛光、化学处理和电化学处理。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足，提供一种用于人工气管的玻璃碳及其制备方法，玻璃碳耐生物老化性能强。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用以下技术方案：
用于人工气管的玻璃碳，包括以下重量份计的原料：聚丙烯腈40～100份、聚硅氧烷30～40份、醋酸纤维素80～100份、聚氯乙烯20～30份、磷酸三钙10～20份、氧化钾90～100份、二氧化钛20～70份、聚二甲基硅氧烷60～90份。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，用于人工气管的玻璃碳，包括以下重量份计的原料：聚丙烯腈70份、聚硅氧烷35份、醋酸纤维素90份、聚氯乙烯25份、磷酸三钙15份、氧化钾95份、二氧化钛50份、聚二甲基硅氧烷70份。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，二氧化钛的粒径为40～150μm。
作为对本发明的进一步改进，聚丙烯腈的分子量为10000～20000。
本发明还提供了一种用于人工气管的玻璃碳的制备方法。
一种用于人工气管的玻璃碳的制备方法，包括以下步骤：聚丙烯腈、聚硅氧烷、醋酸纤维素、聚氯乙烯、磷酸三钙、氧化钾、二氧化钛、聚二甲基硅氧烷混合均匀，熔化，冷却成型；在无氧介质中进行碳化处理，然后升温至2000～3000℃反应1～2h，碳化处理时间为20～50min。
一种人工气管，其采用上述玻璃碳制成。
有益效果：现有技术的玻璃碳由于生物环境的腐蚀造成其中金属离子向周围组织扩散，本发明的玻璃碳可以作为人工气管应用，不易腐蚀扩散，是因为经碳化处理后的玻璃碳生物稳定性较好，弹性模量为22～24GPa，疲劳强度为93～100MPa，抗压强度为680～700MPa，耐生物老化性能强。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
用于人工气管的玻璃碳，包括以下重量份计的原料：聚丙烯腈70份、聚硅氧烷35份、醋酸纤维素90份、聚氯乙烯25份、磷酸三钙15份、氧化钾95份、二氧化钛50份、聚二甲基硅氧烷70份。
二氧化钛的粒径为100μm。
聚丙烯腈的分子量为15000。
一种用于人工气管的玻璃碳的制备方法，包括以下步骤：聚丙烯腈、聚硅氧烷、醋酸纤维素、聚氯乙烯、磷酸三钙、氧化钾、二氧化钛、聚二甲基硅氧烷混合均匀，熔化，冷却成型；在无氧介质中进行碳化处理，然后升温至2500℃反应1.5h。
碳化处理时间为40min。
实施例2
用于人工气管的玻璃碳，包括以下重量份计的原料：聚丙烯腈40份、聚硅氧烷30份、醋酸纤维素80份、聚氯乙烯20份、磷酸三钙10份、氧化钾90份、二氧化钛20份、聚二甲基硅氧烷60份。
二氧化钛的粒径为40μm。
聚丙烯腈的分子量为10000。
一种用于人工气管的玻璃碳的制备方法，包括以下步骤：聚丙烯腈、聚硅氧烷、醋酸纤维素、聚氯乙烯、磷酸三钙、氧化钾、二氧化钛、聚二甲基硅氧烷混合均匀，熔化，冷却成型；在无氧介质中进行碳化处理，然后升温至2000℃反应1h。
碳化处理时间为20min。
实施例3
用于人工气管的玻璃碳，包括以下重量份计的原料：聚丙烯腈100份、聚硅氧烷40份、醋酸纤维素100份、聚氯乙烯30份、磷酸三钙20份、氧化钾100份、二氧化钛70份、聚二甲基硅氧烷90份。
二氧化钛的粒径为150μm。
聚丙烯腈的分子量为20000。
一种用于人工气管的玻璃碳的制备方法，包括以下步骤：聚丙烯腈、聚硅氧烷、醋酸纤维素、聚氯乙烯、磷酸三钙、氧化钾、二氧化钛、聚二甲基硅氧烷混合均匀，熔化，冷却成型；在无氧介质中进行碳化处理，然后升温至3000℃反应2h。
碳化处理时间为50min。
实施例4
用于人工气管的玻璃碳，包括以下重量份计的原料：聚丙烯腈90份、聚硅氧烷33份、醋酸纤维素85份、聚氯乙烯22份、磷酸三钙12份、氧化钾93份、二氧化钛30份、聚二甲基硅氧烷70份。
二氧化钛的粒径为60μm。
聚丙烯腈的分子量为12000。
一种用于人工气管的玻璃碳的制备方法，包括以下步骤：聚丙烯腈、聚硅氧烷、醋酸纤维素、聚氯乙烯、磷酸三钙、氧化钾、二氧化钛、聚二甲基硅氧烷混合均匀，熔化，冷却成型；在无氧介质中进行碳化处理，然后升温至2200℃反应1.2h。
碳化处理时间为25min。
实施例5
用于人工气管的玻璃碳，包括以下重量份计的原料：聚丙烯腈80份、聚硅氧烷38份、醋酸纤维素97份、聚氯乙烯28份、磷酸三钙18份、氧化钾98份、二氧化钛60份、聚二甲基硅氧烷80份。
二氧化钛的粒径为130μm。
聚丙烯腈的分子量为18000。
一种用于人工气管的玻璃碳的制备方法，包括以下步骤：聚丙烯腈、聚硅氧烷、醋酸纤维素、聚氯乙烯、磷酸三钙、氧化钾、二氧化钛、聚二甲基硅氧烷混合均匀，熔化，冷却成型；在无氧介质中进行碳化处理，然后升温至2800℃反应1.8h。
碳化处理时间为40min。
对比例1
与实施例1相同，不同在于：省略在无氧介质中进行碳化处理的步骤。
性能测试
测定实施例和对比例的产品性能，结果见表1。
表1
结论：经碳化处理后的玻璃碳生物稳定性较好，不会像现有技术的玻璃碳由于生物环境的腐蚀造成其中金属离子向周围组织扩散，本发明的玻璃碳弹性模量为22～24GPa，疲劳强度为93～100MPa，抗压强度为680～700MPa，耐生物老化性能强。

Claims (1)

1.用于人工气管的玻璃碳的制备方法，其特征在于，玻璃碳由以下重量份计的原料组成：聚丙烯腈70份、聚硅氧烷35份、醋酸纤维素90份、聚氯乙烯25份、磷酸三钙15份、氧化钾95份、二氧化钛50份、聚二甲基硅氧烷70份；
二氧化钛的粒径为40～150μm；
聚丙烯腈的分子量为10000～20000；
所述的制备方法，包括以下步骤：聚丙烯腈、聚硅氧烷、醋酸纤维素、聚氯乙烯、磷酸三钙、氧化钾、二氧化钛、聚二甲基硅氧烷混合均匀，熔化，冷却成型；在无氧介质中进行碳化处理，然后升温至2000～3000℃反应1～2h；碳化处理时间为20～50min。
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