CN105967696A - 一种耐火烧结粘土空心砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐火烧结粘土空心砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105967696A
CN105967696A CN201610207235.7A CN201610207235A CN105967696A CN 105967696 A CN105967696 A CN 105967696A CN 201610207235 A CN201610207235 A CN 201610207235A CN 105967696 A CN105967696 A CN 105967696A
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王慧
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ANHUI HONG ENERGY-SAVING EQUIPMENT Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐火烧结粘土空心砖及其制备方法，其由以下重量份的原料制成：本山绿泥15‑25、苦榄岩17‑29、高铝细粉7‑14、电熔镁砂9‑18、方镁石13‑21、高硼硼酸钙10‑15、石油焦渣16‑24、蓝晶石矿尾矿11‑19、偏锑酸钠5‑10、棕刚玉渣18‑26、硅灰14‑22、凹凸棒土32‑46、聚乙烯醇17‑23、硅酸镁8‑14、重晶石12‑18、铬铁矿渣10‑15、木屑13‑21、粉煤灰19‑33、水适量。本发明制得的烧结粘土空心砖阻燃性和耐火性相统一,具有优越的阻燃性能和耐火性能,还大大提高了烧结粘土空心砖长期工作使用温度,实际工作使用温度可以达到1350℃以上。

Description

一种耐火烧结粘土空心砖及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种空心砖及其制备方法，具体涉及一种耐火烧结粘土空心砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
空心砖是建筑行业常用的墙体主材，由于质轻、消耗原材少等优势，已经成为国家建筑部门首先推荐的产品。烧结粘土空心砖是以粘土、矿物原料等为主要原料，经过原料处理、成型、烧结制成。烧结粘土空心砖具有质轻、强度高、保温、隔音降噪性能好，环保、无污染等优点，是框架结构建筑物的理想填充材料。近几年随着建筑行业的快速发展，对烧结粘土空心砖的性能要求越来越高。目前市场上的烧结粘土空心砖仍存在着耐火度低的缺点，无法满足市场的需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种耐火烧结粘土空心砖及其制备方法。本发明制得的耐火烧结粘土空心砖耐火度高达1350℃以上。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种耐火烧结粘土空心砖，由以下重量份的原料制成：本山绿泥15-25、苦榄岩17-29、高铝细粉7-14、电熔镁砂9-18、方镁石13-21、高硼硼酸钙10-15、石油焦渣16-24、蓝晶石矿尾矿11-19、偏锑酸钠5-10、棕刚玉渣18-26、硅灰14-22、凹凸棒土32-46、聚乙烯醇17-23、硅酸镁8-14、重晶石12-18、铬铁矿渣10-15、木屑13-21、粉煤灰19-33、水适量。
一种耐火烧结粘土空心砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将棕刚玉渣、重晶石、铬铁矿渣、粉煤灰混合均匀，粉碎，过60-80目筛，加入适量的水，充分搅拌均匀，制球，粒径控制在2-4mm，然后将制得的生料球在90-100℃下干燥至含水率在4%以下，然后将干燥后的生料球置于微波炉焙烧炉内焙烧：先控制微波功率在600-800W，焙烧20-30min，再控制微波功率在800-1000W，焙烧10-20min，冷却至室温，即得陶粒；
（2）将苦榄岩、高铝细粉、方镁石、蓝晶石矿尾矿混合均匀，然后送入转锤式矿物纤维粉碎机粉碎，得到初级矿物纤维，然后加入适量的水搅拌制成浓度为40-50%的浆状矿物纤维，然后加入相当于浆状矿物纤维重量3-6%的三聚磷酸钠、2-4%的聚苯乙烯磺酸钠和1-2%的椰油基葡糖苷，在3000-5000r/min的转速下球磨分散20-30min，再在功率为400-600W的超声波下分散15-25min，过滤，洗涤，烘干后置于置于马弗炉内焙烧：先以3-5℃/min升温至490-540℃，保温25-40min，再以2-4℃/min升温至730-790℃，保温15-25min，冷却至室温，即得矿物纤维；
（3）将本山绿泥、电熔镁砂、高硼硼酸钙、石油焦渣、木屑、硅灰、凹凸棒土混合均匀，再加入适量的水进行一次搅拌，搅拌速度为300-500r/min，搅拌时间为10-15min，搅拌均匀后静置陈化24-36h，然后向陈化后的原料中加入余下原料以及步骤（1）制得的陶粒和步骤（2）制得的矿物纤维进行二次混合，搅拌速度为600-800r/min，搅拌时间为5-10min；
（4）将步骤（3）制得的混合料加入空心砖制砖机中压制成型，脱模后将砖坯置于干燥窑中，在95-105℃温度下干燥至含水率≤3%，然后将烘干的砖坯送入烧结窑中，在940-1020℃温度下烧结2-3h，冷却至室温，即为所需的烧结粘土空心砖。
本发明的有益效果：
（1）本发明通过添加电熔镁砂、高硼硼酸钙、偏锑酸钠、本山绿泥等原料，使制得的烧结粘土空心砖阻燃性和耐火性相统一,具有优越的阻燃性能和耐火性能,还大大提高了烧结粘土空心砖长期工作使用温度,实际工作使用温度可以达到1350℃以上。
（2）本发明采用棕刚玉渣、重晶石、铬铁矿渣、粉煤灰等原料制得的陶粒和苦榄岩、高铝细粉、方镁石、蓝晶石矿尾矿等原料制得的矿物纤维相互复合，交错粘压在一起，均匀地分散在水泥空心砖中，可以显著降低烧结粘土空心砖的导热系数，使得其具有优异的隔热保温性能，同时还可以改善烧结粘土空心砖的耐腐蚀性、耐久性和力学性能。
具体实施方式
一种耐火烧结粘土空心砖，由以下重量（kg）的原料制成：本山绿泥20、苦榄岩23、高铝细粉11、电熔镁砂14、方镁石17、高硼硼酸钙12、石油焦渣20、蓝晶石矿尾矿14、偏锑酸钠8、棕刚玉渣23、硅灰19、凹凸棒土44、聚乙烯醇19、硅酸镁10、重晶石14、铬铁矿渣11、木屑17、粉煤灰26、水适量。
一种耐火烧结粘土空心砖的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将棕刚玉渣、重晶石、铬铁矿渣、粉煤灰混合均匀，粉碎，过70目筛，加入适量的水，充分搅拌均匀，制球，粒径控制在3mm，然后将制得的生料球在95℃下干燥至含水率在4%以下，然后将干燥后的生料球置于微波炉焙烧炉内焙烧：先控制微波功率在700W，焙烧25min，再控制微波功率在900W，焙烧15min，冷却至室温，即得陶粒；
（2）将苦榄岩、高铝细粉、方镁石、蓝晶石矿尾矿混合均匀，然后送入转锤式矿物纤维粉碎机粉碎，得到初级矿物纤维，然后加入适量的水搅拌制成浓度为45%的浆状矿物纤维，然后加入相当于浆状矿物纤维重量4%的三聚磷酸钠、3%的聚苯乙烯磺酸钠和1.5%的椰油基葡糖苷，在4000r/min的转速下球磨分散25min，再在功率为500W的超声波下分散20min，过滤，洗涤，烘干后置于置于马弗炉内焙烧：先以4℃/min升温至510℃，保温30min，再以3℃/min升温至760℃，保温20min，冷却至室温，即得矿物纤维；
（3）将本山绿泥、电熔镁砂、高硼硼酸钙、石油焦渣、木屑、硅灰、凹凸棒土混合均匀，再加入适量的水进行一次搅拌，搅拌速度为400r/min，搅拌时间为12min，搅拌均匀后静置陈化24h，然后向陈化后的原料中加入余下原料以及步骤（1）制得的陶粒和步骤（2）制得的矿物纤维进行二次混合，搅拌速度为700r/min，搅拌时间为8min；
（4）将步骤（3）制得的混合料加入空心砖制砖机中压制成型，脱模后将砖坯置于干燥窑中，在105℃温度下干燥至含水率≤3%，然后将烘干的砖坯送入烧结窑中，在990℃温度下烧结2.5h，冷却至室温，即为所需的烧结粘土空心砖。
上述实施例制得的水泥空心砖的主要性能检测结果如下表所示：
检测项目 单位 检测结果
表观密度 kg/m3 1276
抗压强度 MPa 7.2
导热系数 W/(m•K) 0.147
耐火度 ℃ 1390

Claims (2)

1.一种耐火烧结粘土空心砖，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：本山绿泥15-25、苦榄岩17-29、高铝细粉7-14、电熔镁砂9-18、方镁石13-21、高硼硼酸钙10-15、石油焦渣16-24、蓝晶石矿尾矿11-19、偏锑酸钠5-10、棕刚玉渣18-26、硅灰14-22、凹凸棒土32-46、聚乙烯醇17-23、硅酸镁8-14、重晶石12-18、铬铁矿渣10-15、木屑13-21、粉煤灰19-33、水适量。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的耐火烧结粘土空心砖的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将棕刚玉渣、重晶石、铬铁矿渣、粉煤灰混合均匀，粉碎，过60-80目筛，加入适量的水，充分搅拌均匀，制球，粒径控制在2-4mm，然后将制得的生料球在90-100℃下干燥至含水率在4%以下，然后将干燥后的生料球置于微波炉焙烧炉内焙烧：先控制微波功率在600-800W，焙烧20-30min，再控制微波功率在800-1000W，焙烧10-20min，冷却至室温，即得陶粒；
（2）将苦榄岩、高铝细粉、方镁石、蓝晶石矿尾矿混合均匀，然后送入转锤式矿物纤维粉碎机粉碎，得到初级矿物纤维，然后加入适量的水搅拌制成浓度为40-50%的浆状矿物纤维，然后加入相当于浆状矿物纤维重量3-6%的三聚磷酸钠、2-4%的聚苯乙烯磺酸钠和1-2%的椰油基葡糖苷，在3000-5000r/min的转速下球磨分散20-30min，再在功率为400-600W的超声波下分散15-25min，过滤，洗涤，烘干后置于置于马弗炉内焙烧：先以3-5℃/min升温至490-540℃，保温25-40min，再以2-4℃/min升温至730-790℃，保温15-25min，冷却至室温，即得矿物纤维；
（3）将本山绿泥、电熔镁砂、高硼硼酸钙、石油焦渣、木屑、硅灰、凹凸棒土混合均匀，再加入适量的水进行一次搅拌，搅拌速度为300-500r/min，搅拌时间为10-15min，搅拌均匀后静置陈化24-36h，然后向陈化后的原料中加入余下原料以及步骤（1）制得的陶粒和步骤（2）制得的矿物纤维进行二次混合，搅拌速度为600-800r/min，搅拌时间为5-10min；
（4）将步骤（3）制得的混合料加入空心砖制砖机中压制成型，脱模后将砖坯置于干燥窑中，在95-105℃温度下干燥至含水率≤3%，然后将烘干的砖坯送入烧结窑中，在940-1020℃温度下烧结2-3h，冷却至室温，即为所需的烧结粘土空心砖。
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