CN105951445A - 一种绿色环保纱线上浆剂 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种绿色环保纱线上浆剂,其由如下方法制备得到:获得丙烯酸复合液,备用;制备螺旋藻提取液;制备脆性秸秆提取液;获得的丙烯酸复合液和螺旋藻提取液,脆性秸秆提取液以100:1:1的比例混合好。本发明提供的上浆剂可以有效增加纱线的硬度和包合力,牢固度高,不易脱浆,吸湿再粘现象得到改善,质量稳定,尤其适合天然纤维的上浆处理。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织品在织造过程中所使用的上浆用浆料,具体是指一种纺织浆料组合物。
背景技术
经纱上浆是织造生产过程中一个至关重要的工序,浆料通常是由粘着剂和助剂共同组成,粘着剂是一类具有粘附性的物质,是配制浆液的主体材料。经纱经上浆之后,主要依靠浆液中的粘着剂来提高经纱的可织性,降低经纱的断头率,确保织造过程的顺利进行。
由于石油基产品的不可再生性及合纤织物穿着舒适度较差等原因,天然纤维(如棉、毛、蚕丝)的优势再一次显现出来,天然纤维织物的需求量和消耗量也呈现出逐年上升的趋势。纵观现有的应用于天然纤维的上浆材料,淀粉是最为重要的品种之一,占纺织浆料消耗总量的70%左右。淀粉对天然纤维尤其是纤维素纤维的上浆性能佳,对环境友好,然而,世界性的“粮食危机”已日益严峻,国内的粮食价格近几年来更是大幅增长,淀粉的价格水涨船高,“上浆不用粮”的需求又显得迫切起来;聚乙烯醇(PVA)也是针对天然纤维的主浆料之一,其消耗量仅次于淀粉浆料,约占纺织浆料消耗总量的20%。由于PVA的生物可降解性能极差,不利于环境保护,欧美一些国家早在本世纪初就将其列为“不洁浆料”而加以禁用,我国的纺织浆料界近几年来也开始大力倡导不用或少用PVA;而作为三大浆料中用量最小的聚丙烯酸类浆料,虽然其浆膜的断裂伸长率较高,但浆膜强度却很低,被专业人士称之为“柔而不坚”。此外,聚丙烯酸类浆料的吸湿再粘现象十分严重,这些缺陷使得该浆料通常只能辅助其它主浆料以小比例混合使用。
本发明旨在克服现有技术的缺点,通过大量实验,最终得到一种新型的绿色环保的复合丙烯酸上浆剂,并确定了其最佳配比。本发明提供的上浆剂可以有效增加纱线的硬度和包合力,牢固度高,不易脱浆,吸湿再粘现象得到改善,质量稳定,尤其适合天然纤维的上浆处理。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种新型的绿色环保的复合丙烯酸上浆剂,并确定了其最佳配比。本发明提供的上浆剂可以有效增加纱线的硬度和包合力,牢固度高,不易脱浆,吸湿再粘现象得到改善,质量稳定,尤其适合天然纤维的上浆处理。
脆秆水稻的成功育种,一方面增加了水稻的抗倒伏性,另一方面,脆秆纤维素含量降低、营养成分改变和脆性增加等特点,使其有望发展成为一种新型的饲料资源。但是还没有人尝试将脆性秸秆作为原料制备印染助剂。
螺旋藻养殖多年来在我国从海南岛到内蒙古都已经形成规模化养殖生产,基础牢固,技术成熟,我国是目前世界上螺旋藻产量最高的国家。特别是近年来在内蒙古鄂托克旗建立了“螺旋藻产业工业园区”,螺旋藻养殖基地占地近1万亩之多,年产食品级螺旋藻粉5000吨以上,已经成为世界上最大的螺旋藻养殖生产基地,产品出口销售多个国家,为鄂尔多斯大草原退牧还草,牧民致富又创出了一条新路。螺旋藻是一种水生生物,蛋白质含量高达60一70%,还含有氮、磷、钾、硒、锌、铁多种元素及多种活性有机物成分,是碱性物质。近年来螺旋藻养殖企业都会把下脚料当作为废品处理,如:养殖池清底部分沉积料、生产中各环节的不达标料最后都作为废物质处理掉了,给环境造成了严重的污染。本发明采用废弃的螺旋藻制品,大大节约了成本。
本发明提供了一种用于在纺织前对经线进行上浆处理的染料,上浆后的纱线增加了硬度和包合力,其制备方法为:
1)先在反应釜中加水100kg,之后加温至75℃;
2)加入引发剂(过硫酸铵),同时停止加热;
3)将配合好的复合原料一边滴加一边搅拌,持续约90分钟;
4)之后保温1个小时;
5)加入80kg氨水,后加入300kg酒精获得丙烯酸复合液,备用;
6)制备螺旋藻提取液:
称取300g螺旋藻粉,置于10L的0.5%柠檬酸溶液中处理5-8min,然后用蒸馏水反复洗涤后烘干,再置于1L质量浓度为60%的氯化钙沸溶液中处理20min,部分螺旋藻粉溶解,将上述混合溶液用纱布过滤进行粗提,获得螺旋藻提取液;
7)制备脆性秸秆提取液:
称取1000g脆性秸秆粉,置于10L的0.5%柠檬酸沸溶液中处理45min,然后调节pH为7,再倒入3L质量浓度为60%的氯化钙沸溶液中处理20min,将上述混合溶液用纱布过滤进行粗提,获得脆性秸秆提取液提取液;
8)将获得的丙烯酸复合液和螺旋藻提取液,脆性秸秆提取液混合好;
9)最后将成品放出、包装。
优选的,步骤3)所述复合原料为:氨基磺酸钠12kg,丙烯酸甲酯18kg;丙烯酸乙酯65kg;丙烯酸丁酯60kg;甲酸50kg。
优选的,步骤8)获得的丙烯酸复合液和螺旋藻提取液,脆性秸秆提取液以重量比100:1:1的比例混合好。
本发明的有益之处在于:
1、本发明使用的螺旋藻粉和脆性秸秆来自废料,成本低廉,其含有丰富的各种蛋白和氨基酸,对天然纤维有良好的亲和力,浸润效果佳;
2、本发明提供的上浆剂可以有效增加纱线的硬度和包合力,牢固度高,不易脱浆;吸湿再粘现象得到改善;
3、确定了最佳配比,得到的上浆剂乳化均匀,易于保存和运输。
具体实施方式
实施例1制备丙烯酸复合液:
1)先在反应釜中加水100kg,之后加温至85℃;
2)加入引发剂(过硫酸铵),同时停止加热;
3)将配合好的复合原料一边滴加一边搅拌,持续约90分钟;
4)之后保温1个小时;
5)加入80kg氨水,后加入300kg酒精获得丙烯酸复合液,备用;
步骤3)所述复合原料为:氨基磺酸钠12kg,丙烯酸甲酯18kg;丙烯酸乙酯65kg;丙烯酸丁酯60kg;甲酸50kg。
实施例2
制备螺旋藻提取液:
称取300g螺旋藻粉,置于10L的0.5%柠檬酸溶液中处理5-8min,然后用蒸馏水反复洗涤后烘干,再置于1L质量浓度为60%的氯化钙沸溶液中处理20min,部分螺旋藻粉溶解,将上述混合溶液用纱布过滤进行粗提,获得螺旋藻提取液。
制备脆性秸秆提取液:
称取1000g脆性秸秆粉,置于10L的0.5%柠檬酸沸溶液中处理45min,然后调节pH为7,再倒入3L质量浓度为60%的氯化钙沸溶液中处理20min,将上述混合溶液用纱布过滤进行粗提,获得脆性秸秆提取液提取液;
获得的丙烯酸复合液和螺旋藻提取液,脆性秸秆提取液以重量比100:1:1的比例混合好。
实施例3:浆液黏度及稳定性测试
将实施例2获得的上浆剂用于测试。
黏度测试:常温后开始,每隔一段时间在黏度仪上测试黏度的变化情况。
稳定性测试:主要通过客观观察法,室温后开始每隔一段时间观察浆液是否分层及分层比例(上层比下层)。
表1浆液黏度及稳定性测试
由表1可以看出,本发明所得到的上浆剂黏度很低,易于使用,并且稳定性极佳,保持180d都无明显分层。
实施例4:本发明浆料和纺织助剂或浆料的相容稳定性结果对照表
对本发明的浆料和纺织助剂或浆料的相容稳定性进行测定,结果如表2所示。
表2本发明浆料和纺织助剂或浆料的相容稳定性结果对照表
由表2可以看出,本发明浆料和常用纺织浆纱助剂是完全相容的,与PVA也能完全相容,并且混合后依然十分稳定。
实施例5:对布料进行上浆测试
将本发明浆料在普通纯棉、羊毛及真丝的经纱上浆试验测试,结果显示相对于普通的丙烯酸浆料,其浸润性明显提高。
此外纱线的硬度和包合力得到显著提高,牢固度高,不易脱浆,吸湿再粘现象得到改善。
对上浆后一系列指标进行测试,其结果如表3所示。
表3在纯棉、羊毛及真丝的经纱上浆试验测试结果
纯棉 | 羊毛 | 真丝 | |
浆纱上浆率/% | 29.1 | 55.3 | 38.2 |
浆纱耐磨性/次 | 898 | 1623 | 891 |
毛羽降低率/% | 90 | 99.2 | 91.8 |
由表3可以看出,本浆料对于纯棉,羊毛和真丝3种天然纤维面料均有良好的上浆效果,尤其是对羊毛具有极佳的效果。
此外,其浸润性明显提高,此外纱线的硬度和包合力得到显著提高,牢固度高,不易脱浆,后期的吸湿再粘现象也观察到得到显著的改善,是一种优异的新型上浆剂。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种绿色环保上浆剂的生产方法,其特征在于其生产步骤如下:
1)先在反应釜中加水100kg,之后加温至75℃;
2)加入引发剂(过硫酸铵),同时停止加热;
3)将配合好的复合原料一边滴加一边搅拌,持续约90分钟;
4)之后保温1个小时;
5)加入80kg氨水,后加入300kg酒精获得丙烯酸复合液,备用;
6)制备螺旋藻提取液:
称取300g螺旋藻粉,置于10L的0.5%柠檬酸溶液中处理5-8min,然后用蒸馏水反复洗涤后烘干,再置于1L质量浓度为60%的氯化钙沸溶液中处理20 min,部分螺旋藻粉溶解,将上述混合溶液用纱布过滤进行粗提,获得螺旋藻提取液;
7)制备脆性秸秆提取液:
称取1000g脆性秸秆粉,置于10L的0.5%柠檬酸沸溶液中处理45min,然后调节pH为7,再倒入3L质量浓度为60%的氯化钙沸溶液中处理20 min,将上述混合溶液用纱布过滤进行粗提,获得脆性秸秆提取液提取液;
8)将获得的丙烯酸复合液和螺旋藻提取液,脆性秸秆提取液混合好;
9)最后将成品放出、包装。
2.权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
步骤3)所述复合原料为:氨基磺酸钠12kg,丙烯酸甲酯18kg;丙烯酸乙酯65kg;丙烯酸丁酯60kg;甲酸50kg。
3.权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于:
步骤8)获得的丙烯酸复合液和螺旋藻提取液,脆性秸秆提取液以重量比100:1:1的比例混合好。
4.由权利要求1-3所述的方法制备得到的上浆剂。
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Citations (3)
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