CN105943735A - 一种治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物 - Google Patents
一种治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物及其制备方法。该药物组合物由内服药物和外用药物组成；所述内服药物由石膏、黄连、地白草、水茴香、枳壳、生地黄、橹罟子、川芎、白僵蚕为药用原料制成；所述外用药物由马蹄蕨、穿石藤、透骨香、细辛药用原料制成。内服药物有清热泻热，通络止痛之功，可调理脏腑功能，使痰湿不生，脾胃气机调达，降气除火，达到止痛之功效，另一方面外用药物直接作用于穴位经络，扩散药力，针对外邪所致局部脉络痹缩，内服药物渗濡灌注及血气运行缓慢的生理特点，达到快速缓解疼痛、减轻痛苦的作用，内服外用相配共消胃火面痛，更易获得满意的临床治疗效果，无毒副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中医药技术领域，涉及一种治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
原发性三叉神经痛为突发性和阵发性的三叉神经分布区域内的针刺、刀割样剧痛，难以忍受，多为一侧，以第二支、第三支多见。疼痛时可伴有面肌抽搐、面红、结膜充血、流泪；发作只持续数秒及1～2min；发作过后，一切如常；常有明显的发作诱因如刷牙、吃饭、说话等；面部常有触发点(扳机点)，常因触及某个敏感点而引起发作。扳机点常位于额部、上唇鼻侧及下唇。多发生于40岁龄以上的成年女性及老年人。原发性三叉神经痛是目前临床上众多难治疾病之一，影响患者的的工作和学习，降低患者的生活质量，故寻求一种安全，有效，简单经济的治疗原发性三叉神经痛的的方法仍具有临床研究价值。
关于三叉神经痛的治疗方法有许多种，从单纯的口服药物治疗、物理疗法，到各药物注射封闭治疗以及手术切断、撕脱术、射频温控热凝术、微血管减压术等。治疗三叉神经痛临床常用方法主要有手术、伽马刀、射频术、封闭、激光、口服西药等等。这些方法多通过抑制神经、阻滞神经、破坏神经,致使三叉神经失去正常的生理功能,达到暂时止痛的作用。不仅治疗时间长,治疗费用也相对较高；有的甚至会导致损伤脑神经或脑组织,也有出现失明、脑出血、面部麻痹等严重后遗症。西药副作用较为明显，一些患者使用后出现头晕乏力，恶心呕吐，白细胞减少，皮疹等不良反应。
祖国医学对原发性三叉神经痛的认识历史悠久，疗效显著。中医将原发性三叉神经痛归为“面痛”、“偏头痛”、“头痛”、“头风”、“颊痛”、“齿槽风”、“面游风”等。祖国医学对原发性三叉神经痛的认识历史悠久。现代多认为本病的发生无外乎外感和内伤，同时与风邪密切相关，大凡外感致病，因高巅之上，唯风可达，风邪升发，易犯头面，风邪每与寒、火、痰兼夹合邪，以致风寒凝滞，或风火灼伤，或风痰壅阻三阳经络而发为疼痛。中医辨证治疗原发性三叉神经痛临床效果较为显著，毒副作用较少，反复发作次数少，而且方法丰富。
发明内容
《证治准绳》提到“面风”，并认为“阳明经络受风毒传入，经络血凝滞而不行”、“面风皆属火……暴病多实，久痛则虚……”。《古今医鉴》认为面痛为胃脉病，曰：“面痛专属胃，手足六阳之经虽皆上至头，而足阳明胃之脉，起于鼻交频中，入齿挟口还唇，循颊车，上耳前，过客主人，维络于面，故面痛专属于胃”。风气通于头部，头之两侧多为少阳(肝胆)和阳明(胃、大肠)经所过。或过食辛辣炙、肥甘厚味，脾为胃行其津液者也，将病则胃中津液不得直行，积而为痰，肠胃积热，随阳明之经，上攻头面而作痛也。本发明就是在此中医治疗理论的基础上提出的用于治疗三叉神经痛的药物，通过外治和内治相配合，治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛，见效快，能较大程度上解决患者的痛苦。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于其由内服药物和外用药物组成；所述内服药物由石膏、黄连、地白草、水茴香、枳壳、生地黄、橹罟子、川芎、白僵蚕为药用原料制成；所述外用药物由马蹄蕨、穿石藤、透骨香、细辛药用原料制成。
虽然本发明组方中的个别单味药虽然具有治疗三叉神经痛的作用，但均不足以具有良好的临床治疗效果。为了增加内服药物中有效活性成分的协同作用，与外用药物配合使用以达到一加一大于二的技术效果，本发明人在祖传秘方的基础上，经过长期、大量的筛选组方试验，进一步优选如下技术方案。
一种治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于所述内服药物由如下重量份配比的药用原料制成：石膏4-6份、黄连6-11份、地白草13-18份、水茴香10-15份、枳壳5-8份、生地黄8-13份、橹罟子10-15份、川芎7-12份、白僵蚕7-12份。
更进一步优选地，一种治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于所述内服药物由如下重量份配比的药用原料制成：石膏5份、黄连10份、地白草15份、水茴香10份、枳壳8份、生地黄12份、橹罟子15份、川芎10份、白僵蚕10份。
所述内服药物的配伍关系如下：石膏甘辛大寒，清热泻火，除烦止渴；黄连苦寒，清热燥湿，泻火解毒，二药伍用上热下泻，清胃泻热效果显著，为君药。地白草能祛风，清热，利湿解毒；川活血行气，祛风止痛；白僵蚕祛风止痉，化痰散结，解毒；三药伍用祛风止痛，活血通络为臣药。水茴香辛甘温，健脾利湿，理气化痰；枳壳健脾开胃理气行滞；生地黄清热凉血，养阴，生津；橹罟子补脾益血，行气止痛，利湿化痰，利头目，壮精神，五药伍用，健脾和胃，痰湿不生，调理脾胃气机，行气降火，同时佐制君药寒凉伤阴，为佐使药。
一种治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于所述外用药物由如下重量份配比的药用原料制成：马蹄蕨20-25份、穿石藤6-9份、透骨香10-15份、细辛5-8份。
进一步地，一种治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于所述外用药物由如下重量份配比的药用原料制成：马蹄蕨20份、穿石藤8份、透骨香12份、细辛6份。
方中：马蹄蕨苦寒，清热凉血，祛瘀镇痛为君药。穿石藤祛风通络，活血止痛为臣药。透骨香祛风除湿，散寒止痛，活血通络，化痰散结；细辛祛风散寒，通窍止痛，引药入窍，二药为佐使药。诸药配伍直接作用于患处或穴位，使热毒得清,络脉得通,气血逆乱得以平复。
内服药物有清热泻热，通络止痛之功，可调理脏腑功能，使痰湿不生，脾胃气机调达，降气除火，达到止痛之功效，另一方面通过外用药物直接作用于穴位经络扩散药力，针对外邪所致局部脉络痹缩，内服药物渗濡灌注及血气运行缓慢的生理特点，达到快速缓解疼痛、减轻痛苦的作用，内服外用相配共消胃火面痛，更易获得满意的临床治疗效果，无毒副作用。
本发明所述药物组合物中各原料药的性味归经及功能主治如下所述。
石膏：【性味】甘、辛，大寒。【归经】归肺、胃经。【功能主治】清热泻火，除烦止渴。用于外感热病，高热烦渴，肺热喘咳，胃火亢盛，头痛，牙痛。【用法用量】15～60g，先煎。
黄连：【性味】苦，寒。【归经】归心、脾、胃、肝、胆、大肠经。【功能主治】清热燥湿，泻火解毒。用于湿热痞满，呕吐吞酸，泻痢，黄疸，高热神昏，心火亢盛，心烦不寐，血热吐衄，目赤，牙痛，消渴，痈肿疔疮；外治湿疹，湿疮，耳道流脓。【用法用量】2～5g。外用适量。
地白草：【味性】苦，寒。【归经】归肺；肝经。【功能主治】祛风，清热，利尿，解毒。治风热咳嗽，痢疾，淋浊，痈肿疮毒，眼睑炎，烫伤。【用法用量】内服：煎汤，3～5钱(鲜者1～2两)。外用：捣敢。
水茴香：【性味】味辛；甘；性温。【归经】归肺；脾；胃经。【功能主治】健脾利湿；理气化痰。主水肿；胃痛；胸腹胀满；咳嗽；小儿乳积；疮疖。
枳壳：【性味】苦、辛、酸，温。【归经】归脾、胃经。【功能主治】理气宽中，行滞消胀。用于胸胁气滞，胀满疼痛，食积不化，痰饮内停；胃下垂，脱肛，子官脱垂。
生地黄：【性味】甘，寒。【归经】归心、肝、肾经。【功能主治】清热凉血，养阴，生津。用于热病舌绛烦渴，阴虚内热，骨蒸劳热，内热消渴，吐血，衄血，发斑发疹。
橹罟子：【来源】药材基源：为露兜树科植物露兜树的核果。【性味】味辛；淡；性凉。【归经】肾；脾；肝；胃经。【功能主治】补脾益血；行气止痛；化痰利湿；明目。主痢疾；胃痛；咳嗽；疝气；睾丸炎；痔疮小便不利；目生翳障。【用法用量】内服：煎汤，10-30g；浸酒或浸蜜。外用：适量：煎水洗。
川芎：【性味】辛，温。【归经】归肝、胆、心包经。【功能主治】活血行气，祛风止痛。用于月经不调，经闭痛经，症瘕腹痛，胸胁刺痛，跌扑肿痛，头痛，风湿痹痛。【用法用量】3～9g。
白僵蚕：为蚕蛾科昆虫家蚕蛾的幼虫感染白僵菌而僵死的干燥全虫。收集病死的僵蚕，倒入石灰中拌匀，吸去水分，晒干或焙干。【性味】味辛；咸；性平。【归经】肝；肺；胃经。【功能主治】祛风止痉；化痰散结；解毒利咽。主惊痫抽搐；中风口眼斜；偏正头痛；咽喉肿痛；瘰疬；痄腮；风疹；疮毒。【用法用量】内服：煎汤，3-10g；研末，1-3g；或入丸、散。外用：适量，煎水洗；研末撒或调敷。
马蹄蕨：【性味】苦；寒；凉。【归经】心；肺经。【功能主治】清热凉血；祛瘀止血；镇痛安神。主痄腮；痈肿疮毒；毒蛇咬伤；跌打肿痛；外伤出血；崩漏；乳痈；风湿痹痛；产后腹痛；心烦失眠。
穿石藤：【性味】苦；辛；温。【归经】肝；胃；大肠经。【功能主治】祛风通络；活血止痛。主风湿痹痛；胃痛；跌打瘀肿疼痛；肠炎；小儿麻痹症后遗症。【用法用量】内服：煎汤，3-9g，外用：适量，研末调敷。
透骨香：【性味】辛；性温。【归经】肺；肝；肾经。【功能主治】祛风除湿；散寒止痛；活血通络；化痰止咳。主风湿痹痛；胃寒疼痛；跌打损伤；咳嗽多痰。【用法用量】内服：煎汤，9～15g，鲜品30g；或浸酒。外用：适量，煎水洗；或浸酒擦；或捣敷。
细辛：【性味】辛，温。【归经】归心、肺、肾经。【功能主治】祛风散寒，通窍止痛，温肺化饮。用于风寒感冒，头痛，牙痛，鼻塞鼻渊，风湿痹痛，痰饮喘咳。【用法用量】1～3g；外用适量。
为了更好地表达本发明的药物组合物，本发明药物组合物中的内服药物可由石膏、黄连、地白草、水茴香、枳壳、生地黄、橹罟子、川芎、白僵蚕或其水或其有机溶剂提取物为活性成分，加入药物可接受的载体制备而成；外用药物是马蹄蕨、穿石藤、透骨香、细辛或其水或其有机溶剂提取物为活性成分，加入药物可接受的载体制备而成。
本发明的内服药物在制备成药剂时还可以选择性的加入适合的药物可接受的载体，所述药物可接受的载体选自：甘露醇、山梨醇、焦亚硫酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠、硫代硫酸钠、盐酸半胱氨酸、巯基乙酸、蛋氨酸、维生素C、EDTA二钠、EDTA钙钠，一价碱金属的碳酸盐、醋酸盐、磷酸盐或其水溶液、盐酸、醋酸、硫酸、磷酸、氨基酸、氯化钠、氯化钾、乳酸钠、木糖醇、麦芽糖、葡萄糖、果糖、右旋糖苷、甘氨酸、淀粉、蔗糖、乳糖、甘露糖醇、硅衍生物、纤维素及其衍生物、藻酸盐、明胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、甘油、土温80、琼脂、碳酸钙、碳酸氢钙、表面活性剂、聚乙二醇、环糊精、β-环糊精、磷脂类材料、高岭土、滑石粉、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁等。
本发明的内服药物的剂型可为胶囊剂、片剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、散剂、丹剂、膏剂，等等；进一步优选的是本发明的内服药物的剂型优选为片剂、胶囊剂，进一步优选地本发明内服药物的剂型为胶囊剂。
本发明还提供了一种制备上述所述内服药物的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：取黄连、地白草、水茴香、枳壳、生地黄、橹罟子、川芎、白僵蚕粉碎成粗粉，加水浸泡3-4小时，煎煮提取两次，每次1.0-2.0小时(从沸腾时开始计时)，合并滤液，加乙醇使溶液含醇量为40％，静置12小时后，弃去下层沉淀物，得到上清液，减压浓缩后干燥，与石膏极细粉混合均匀，装入胶囊壳，即得。
本发明的外用药物的剂型可为膏剂、软膏、乳膏、散剂、洗剂、搽剂、喷雾剂、凝胶剂等。优选地，本发明药物组合物制成凝胶剂。
所述外用药物的制备方法包括以下步骤：取马蹄蕨、穿石藤、透骨香、细辛粉碎成平均粒径为30-80μm的颗粒后加入3-7倍量的50％的乙醇水溶液，采用超声波提取，提取条件包括：超声功率为150-160W，提取温度为35-40℃，提取时间为20-40min；超声波提取完毕，取滤液，减压浓缩得浸膏；本领域技术人员可在此基础上进一步制成凝胶剂。如：将卡波姆940与聚山梨酯80及注射用水混合，加入纯化水溶解的NaOH溶液搅匀，再加入溶于乙醇的羟苯乙酯，加甘油逐渐搅匀，得透明凝胶基质；将得到的浸膏加入凝胶基质中，于40-50℃搅拌均匀，灭菌后封装，获得凝胶剂。
与现有技术相比本发明的有益效果在于：本发明以中医理论为基础，配伍明确，组方严谨，选药精当，具有多靶点、多环节、多层次的综合调控作用。内服药物有清热泻热，通络止痛之功，可调理脏腑功能，使痰湿不生，脾胃气机调达，降气除火，达到止痛之功效，另一方面通过直接作用于穴位经络扩散药力，针对外邪所致局部脉络痹缩，内服药物渗濡灌注及血气运行缓慢的生理特点，达到快速缓解疼痛、减轻痛苦的作用，内服外用相配共消胃火面痛，更易获得满意的临床治疗效果，无毒副作用。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例进一步描述本发明，本发明不仅仅限于以下实施例。在本发明的范围内或者在不脱离本发明的内容、精神和范围内，对本发明进行的变更、组合或替换，对于本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的，且包含在本发明的范围之内。
实施例1
内服药物----胶囊剂的制备
处方：石膏5份、黄连10份、地白草15份、水茴香10份、枳壳8份、生地黄12份、橹罟子15份、川芎10份、白僵蚕10份。
制备方法：取黄连、地白草、水茴香、枳壳、生地黄、橹罟子、川芎、白僵蚕粉碎成粗粉，加水浸泡3-4小时，煎煮提取两次，每次1.0-2.0小时(从沸腾时开始计时)，合并滤液，加乙醇使溶液含醇量为40％，静置12小时后，弃去下层沉淀物，得到上清液，减压浓缩后干燥，与石膏极细粉混合均匀，装入胶囊壳，即得，每粒装量0.35g，相当于含有生药0.9g。
外用药物----凝胶剂的制备
处方：马蹄蕨20份、穿石藤8份、透骨香12份、细辛6份。
制备方法：取马蹄蕨、穿石藤、透骨香、细辛粉碎成平均粒径为50μm的颗粒后加入6倍量的50％的乙醇水溶液，采用超声波提取，提取条件包括：超声功率为155W，提取温度为35-40℃，提取时间为30-40min；超声波提取完毕，取滤液，减压浓缩得浸膏；将3份卡波姆940与5份聚山梨酯80及100份注射用水混合，加入50份纯化水溶解的2.0份NaOH溶液搅匀，再加入溶于10份乙醇的0.6分羟苯乙酯，加15分甘油逐渐搅匀，得透明凝胶基质；将得到的浸膏加入凝胶基质中，于40-50℃搅拌均匀，灭菌后封装，获得凝胶剂。
实施例2
内服药物----胶囊剂的制备
处方：石膏5份、黄连8份、地白草14份、水茴香12份、枳壳5份、生地黄10份、橹罟子12份、川芎7份、白僵蚕8份。
制备方法：参照实施例1胶囊剂的操作进行。
外用药物----凝胶剂的制备
处方：马蹄蕨25份、穿石藤8份、透骨香14份、细辛6份。
制备方法：取马蹄蕨、穿石藤、透骨香、细辛粉碎成平均粒径为30-80μm的颗粒后加入3-7倍量的50％的乙醇水溶液，采用超声波提取，提取条件包括：超声功率为150-160W，提取温度为35-40℃，提取时间为20-40min；超声波提取完毕，取滤液，减压浓缩得浸膏；参照现有技术制成凝胶剂。
实施例3
内服药物----胶囊剂的制备
处方：石膏6份、黄连8份、地白草13份、水茴香12份、枳壳6份、生地黄12份、橹罟子10份、川芎9份、白僵蚕7份。
制备方法：参照实施例1胶囊剂的操作进行。
外用药物----凝胶剂的制备
处方：马蹄蕨20份、穿石藤6份、透骨香12份、细辛8份。
制备方法：参照实施例1凝胶剂的操作进行。
实施例4
内服药物----胶囊剂的制备
处方：石膏4份、黄连8份、地白草14份、水茴香12份、枳壳5份、生地黄8份、橹罟子12份、川芎9份、白僵蚕10份。
制备方法：参照实施例1胶囊剂的操作进行。
外用药物----凝胶剂的制备
处方：马蹄蕨25份、穿石藤8份、透骨香10份、细辛7份。
制备方法：参照实施例1凝胶剂的操作进行。
实施例5
内服药物----胶囊剂的制备
处方：石膏5份、黄连8份、地白草18份、水茴香12份、枳壳8份、生地黄15份、橹罟子15份、川芎8份、白僵蚕12份。
制备方法：参照实施例1胶囊剂的操作进行。
外用药物----凝胶剂的制备
处方：马蹄蕨22份、穿石藤7份、透骨香15份、细辛5份。
制备方法：参照实施例1凝胶剂的操作进行。
实施例6
内服药物----胶囊剂的制备
处方：石膏6份、黄连9份、地白草15份、水茴香12份、枳壳8份、生地黄13份、橹罟子12份、川芎10份、白僵蚕12份。
制备方法：参照实施例1凝胶剂的操作进行。
外用药物----凝胶剂的制备
处方：马蹄蕨20份、穿石藤8份、透骨香12份、细辛6份。
制备方法：参照实施例1凝胶剂的操作进行。
实施例7本发明凝胶剂的毒理试验
(一)本发明凝胶剂对皮肤的刺激性实验
实验方法：选用健康的新西兰白兔12只，体重1.5～2.5kg，分为正常皮肤组和皮肤破损组各6只，采用同体左右侧自身对比法，雌雄各半。试验前24h对给药区进行脱毛处理，左右各一块，去毛范围3cm×3cm。破损皮肤组在用药部位划“井”字，以渗出血为度。随机分为3组；每组左侧脱毛处涂抹本发明实施例1-3的凝胶剂，右侧涂食用醋对照。涂抹时间24h，每天1次，连续7d。每次涂抹结束后，除去供试品并用温水或无刺激性溶剂清洁给药部位。每次涂药前仔细观察涂药处皮肤有无红斑、水肿，停药后继续观察3d，按新药毒理技术规范的要求进行皮肤刺激性评价。同时取皮肤做组织病理检查。
结果：试验期间两组家兔精神、体征良好，食欲活动正常；无死亡，亦未见任何不良反应；血液学检查、生化检验均未见异常；系统尸解及各脏器病理组织学未见异常；恢复性观察未见延迟性毒性反应，参照人及家兔的检测指标正常值，以上结果均在正常范围内，两组比较均无显著意义，表明家兔长期用本发明实施例1-3的凝胶剂不产生毒性反应。
(二)本发明凝胶剂对皮肤的过敏实验
实验方法：豚鼠40只，体重250-330g，分为本发明实施例1、3的凝胶剂组20只，每组10只、食用醋对照组10只及2，4-二硝基氯苯阳性对照组10只，雌雄各半，剃去背部皮肤。24h后按分组给药(凝胶剂组分别涂抹实施例1、3的凝胶剂，食用醋对照组及2，4-二硝基氯苯阳性对照组按0.5g/cm2给药)贴或涂在豚鼠左侧脱毛区致敏，3h后重复涂药一次，以保证药物接触6h，第7天和第14天重复致敏.于末次给药14d再按分组将药物涂于豚鼠右侧脱毛区激发，6h后去掉受试物，观察红斑和水肿情况，连续观察3d.按皮肤过敏反应标准进行评分。
结果：实验结果显示阳性对照组红斑和水肿都非常明显，而食用醋对照组和本发明实施例1、3的凝胶剂组则皮肤光滑、无红斑、无水肿，不显示任何过敏反应。
实施例8本发明胶囊剂的毒理试验
(1)本发明胶囊剂的急性毒性试验报告
试验方法：以本发明实施例1的胶囊剂为对象，选择20只成年白鼠进行试验，临床日用量的100倍给试验组的20只白鼠大肠内投药，观察7日。结果20只白鼠均健存，其活动、饮食、毛发、排泄物未发现异常，未见毒性反应。
(2)本发明胶囊剂的慢性毒性试验报告：
试验方法：以本发明实施例1的胶囊剂为对象，取30只成熟的生命体征相同的家兔作为对象，雌雄参半，将其随机划分为5个组，1个空白组和3个试验组，将药物混入家兔的饲料中对4组试验组进行喂食。实验一组喂食临床日常剂量的3倍，试验二组喂食临床剂量的6倍，试验三组喂食临床剂量的18倍。用药进行30天，通过比较用药前、用药30天、以及停药30天后的家兔的行为、精神状态、粪便等变化，来进行药物的毒性检测。通过对试验组的家兔观察，喂药后的家兔，在行为、精神状态以及粪便等方面，与未投药的家兔，无任何区别。因此，该药物长期服用，不具有蓄积毒性，不会在体内淤积毒素。
实施例9临床观察试验
1资料与方法
1.1一般资料：76例观察对象来自2013年7月至2014年7月于我院神经外科门诊就诊的原发性三叉神经痛患者，随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组38例，其中男13例，女25例，年龄44～77岁，病程2月～9年，第2支疼痛者8例，第3支疼痛者9例，第2支、第3支疼痛者16例；对照组38例，其中男14例，女24例，年龄45～80岁，病程2月～8年，第2支疼痛者7例，第3支疼痛者9例，第2支、第3支疼痛者17例。两组性别、年龄、病程等一般资料对比无显著性差异(P＞0.05)，具有可比性。
1.2病例选择标准
1.2.1西医诊断标准：符合国际头面痛学会分类委员会确定的原发性三叉神经痛的诊断标准：阵发性发作的面部疼痛，持续数秒；疼痛至少包含以下4种标准：①疼痛只限于三叉神经的一支或多支分布区，②疼痛为突然的、强烈的、尖锐的、皮肤表面的刺痛或烧灼痛，③疼痛程度严重，④刺激扳机点可诱发疼痛，⑤具有痉挛发作间歇期；无神经系统损害表现；每次发作形式刻板；排除其他引起面部疼痛的疾患。
1.2.2中医辩证标准：参照国家药品监督管理局2002年版《中药新药临床研究指导原则(试行)》中偏头痛的中医症候诊断标准拟定：患侧面颊阵发性剧痛，遇热诱发，痛如火燎，龈肿口臭，胃脘灼痛，口渴喜冷，大便干结，舌苔黄乏津、舌质红，脉滑数或洪数。
1.3排除标准：虽为本病，但已采用过药物、电凝、手术等使神经纤维破坏、功能丧失者；妊娠或哺乳期妇女，过敏体质者；合并心血管、脑血管、肝、肾和造血系统等严重原发性疾病、精神病患者；不符合纳入标准、未按规定用药无法判定疗效，或资料不全等影响疗效或安全性判断者。
1.4治疗方法：治疗组给予本发明实施例1的胶囊剂，每次3-5粒，饭后半小时后服用，每日三次，同时在颊车，下关，太阳穴以及患处涂抹本发明实施例1制备的凝胶剂，每日4～6次；对照组给予卡马西平每次0.1g，每日3次。两组均以14天为一个疗程，治疗时间2个疗程。
1.5观察指标
1.5.1安全性指标：一般体检项目检查；血、尿、便常规检查；心、肝、肾功能检查用药前及临床研究结束后各检查一次，随时观察不良反应。
1.5.2疗效性观测：观察用药前后中医证候评分变化，治疗前、治疗后各一次；疼痛发作时间、次数、程度、持续时间、诱发原因；相关体征血压、面红、目赤、舌、脉、体温、脉搏、呼吸等。
1.6疗效判定标准：
1.6.1疗效评定标准：参照1995年颁布的《中药新药治疗三叉神经痛的临床研究指导原则》制定：临床治愈：疼痛停止，面部感觉等功能正常，随访3个月以上无复发；显效：疼痛停止后，3个月内复发，但发作频次较前减少50％以上；有效：疼痛发作频次较前减少25-50％；无效：疼痛发作频次减少小于25％。
1.7统计学方法：采用SPSS15.0统计软件进行计算。各数值以表示，计量资料采用t检验，计数资料采用χ2检验，以P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2结果
2.1两组1个疗程后疗效比较：治疗组治愈6例，显效12例，有效14例，无效6例，总有效率84.2％；对照组治愈1例，显效7例，有效18例，无效12例，总有效率68.4％，经检验两组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)，说明治疗组起效快，效果优于对照组。详见表1。
表1两组1个疗程后疗效比较，例
注：与对照组比较，*P＜0.05。
2.2两组2个疗程后疗效比较：治疗组治愈12例，显效18例，有效7例，无效1例，临床疗效总有效率为97.4％；对照组治愈4例，显效11例，有效16例，无效7例，临床疗效总有效率为81.6％，两组总有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)，说明治疗组临床疗效优于对照组。详见表2。
表2两组2个疗程后疗效比较，例
注：与对照组比较，*P＜0.05。
2.3不良反应及安全性检测：在观察期间，治疗组病人无任何主观不适，血、尿、大便常规及心、肝、肾功能等检查均未出现异常，安全性评价为1级。对照组中出现胃肠道反应者5例；头晕、嗜睡者3例，治疗组不良反应更少，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。
本研究通过对76例原发性三叉神经痛患者的临床观察，治疗组与对照组的一般资料比较P均＞0.05，其分布无显著性差异，具有可比性。两组治疗1个疗程后，治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)，说明本发明内服外用结合治疗见效快；治疗2个疗程后两组总有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)，本发明治疗组疗效明显优于卡马西平。可见，本发明内服外敷药物配合治疗，加之经穴的特殊作用，故能起到良好效果。
Claims (10)
1.一种治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于其由内服药物和外用药物组成；所述内服药物由石膏、黄连、地白草、水茴香、枳壳、生地黄、橹罟子、川芎、白僵蚕为药用原料制成；所述外用药物由马蹄蕨、穿石藤、透骨香、细辛药用原料制成。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于所述内服药物由如下重量份配比的药用原料制成：石膏4-6份、黄连6-11份、地白草13-18份、水茴香10-15份、枳壳5-8份、生地黄8-13份、橹罟子10-15份、川芎7-12份、白僵蚕7-12份；所述外用药物由如下重量份配比的药用原料制成：马蹄蕨20-25份、穿石藤6-9份、透骨香10-15份、细辛5-8份。
3.如权利要求2所述的治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于所述内服药物由如下重量份配比的药用原料制成：石膏5份、黄连10份、地白草15份、水茴香10份、枳壳8份、生地黄12份、橹罟子15份、川芎10份、白僵蚕10份。
4.如权利要求2所述的治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于所述外用药物由如下重量份配比的药用原料制成：马蹄蕨20份、穿石藤8份、透骨香12份、细辛6份。
5.如权利要求1-3任一所述的治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于所述内服药物的剂型优选为胶囊剂、片剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、散剂、丹剂、膏剂，等等，进一步优选为胶囊剂或片剂。
6.如权利要求5所述的治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于所述内服药物的剂型优选为胶囊剂。
7.如权利要求6所述的治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于所述胶囊剂的制备方法包括以下步骤：取黄连、地白草、水茴香、枳壳、生地黄、橹罟子、川芎、白僵蚕粉碎成粗粉，加水浸泡3-4小时，煎煮提取两次，每次1.0-2.0小时(从沸腾时开始计时)，合并滤液，加乙醇使溶液含醇量为40％，静置12小时后，弃去下层沉淀物，得到上清液，减压浓缩后干燥，与石膏极细粉混合均匀，装入胶囊壳，即得。
8.如权利要求1、2、4任一所述的治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于所述外用药物的剂型优选为膏剂、软膏、乳膏、散剂、洗剂、搽剂、喷雾剂、凝胶剂等。
9.如权利要求8所述的治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于所述外用药物的剂型最优选为凝胶剂。
10.如权利要求9所述的治疗胃火上冲型原发性三叉神经痛的药物组合物，其特征是在于所述凝胶剂的制备方法包括以下步骤：取马蹄蕨、穿石藤、透骨香、细辛粉碎成平均粒径为30-80μm的颗粒后加入3-7倍量的50％的乙醇水溶液，采用超声波提取，提取条件包括：超声功率为150-160W，提取温度为35-40℃，提取时间为20-40min；超声波提取完毕，取滤液，减压浓缩得浸膏；本领域技术人员可在此基础上进一步制成凝胶剂。
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| CN102861167A (zh) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-09 | 贺玉清 | 一种治疗阳明胃热所致三叉神经痛的中药方 |
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| CN102861167A (zh) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-09 | 贺玉清 | 一种治疗阳明胃热所致三叉神经痛的中药方 |
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