CN105940913A - Hybridization millet thinning-free plantation method - Google Patents
Hybridization millet thinning-free plantation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105940913A CN105940913A CN201610306520.4A CN201610306520A CN105940913A CN 105940913 A CN105940913 A CN 105940913A CN 201610306520 A CN201610306520 A CN 201610306520A CN 105940913 A CN105940913 A CN 105940913A
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- millet
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
A hybridization millet thinning-free plantation method is low in labor intensity and small in output fluctuation; the method comprises the following steps: selecting a Zhuang hybridization millet breed with strong tillering and ear bearing ability according to breed characteristics; carrying out germination tests for the selected Zhuang hybridization millet breed, and determining the germination capacity or hybridization rate of the Zhuang hybridization millet seeds; blending non-hybridization millet with the selected Zhuang hybridization millet seeds according to the real determined Zhuang hybridization millet seed germination capacity, wherein the grain sizes are basically same, thus enabling the blended seeds to have the hybridization rate of 30%; using the half-covering on-film hole spawning mode to plant the blended seeds; spraying herbicide to remove the non-hybridization millet when the millet grows to 3leaf-5leaf after seedling emergence, thus providing weeding effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hybrid millet and exempt from the implantation methods of thinning, the particularly planting patterns of hybrid millet mulch bunch planting,
Belong to field of agricultural cultivation.
Background technology
Millet drought-enduring barren-resistant, strong stress resistance, wide adaptability, be the traditional characteristic long-term cropping of China, be also main
Nonirrigated farmland long-term cropping.In recent years, Academy of Agriculture, Zhangjiakou City has been bred as series confused flour beetle, for non-hybrid millet,
Either stable yields or highly yielding ability, has had raising by a relatively large margin, in the existing sizable cultivated area of China.Confused flour beetle with
Non-hybrid millet equally belongs to granule crop, mass of 1000 kernel only about 3.0 grams, there is also difficulty of keeping a full stand of seedings, thinning difficulty problem in production.For
Keep a full stand of seedings, production ensures full stand frequently with the method strengthening the amount of broadcasting, then is reached the cultivation of suitable density of reserved seedlings by artificial thinning
Training mode, but bring thinning difficulty problem.For solving millet thinning problem, production proposes the minimizing amount of broadcasting or by machinery oligospermia
The way of amount sowing.A kind of foxtail millet sowing method (Chinese patent CN201010172921) proposed such as Wang Yue literary composition also simply reduces
The workload of thinning, it is impossible to reach to exempt from thinning effect.Disclosed Chinese patent " the intensive seeder of millet without thinning " (patent No.
CN200610102290) and " millet monodrill " (patent No. CN201310635488), it is therefore an objective to by oligospermia seed-fetching
The technical controlling millet amount of sowing, making sows every time reaches 2-4 grain even 1, reduces the amount of broadcasting and reaches exempt from thinning less or exempt from thinning mesh
's.But these patents are for a confused flour beetle kind, are but not suitable for.The breeding of confused flour beetle, compared with non-hybridization paddy, has self special
Different problem.Opening in the breeding process of confused flour beetle, the impact of climate factor, hybrid rate is relatively low, and the problem brought is exactly emergence rate
Low.The hybrid rate additionally opening confused flour beetle annual is not fixed, and variation is relatively big, is difficult to determine the reasonably amount of broadcasting when user sows.Open miscellaneous
Also notable difference is there is with non-cenospecies in paddy on planting requirement, because of the feature that a confused flour beetle tiller is strong and Tiller ears ability is high,
Density of reserved seedlings require on the low side, if instructing a confused flour beetle with non-cenospecies implantation methods, it will the underproduction problem that lodges occurs.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, it is provided that a kind of labor intensity is low, output fluctuation is less, outstanding
It is suitable for a hybrid millet for confused flour beetle half mulch bunch planting plantation and exempts from thinning implantation methods.
The inventive method is:
(1) selection has tiller and becomes the confused flour beetle kind that fringe ability is strong.Can according to kind outer package raise variety characteristic select,
The Tiller ears number of confused flour beetle is relevant with density, and in the case of thin planting list Seedling, Tiller ears number is many, can reach 5～7, density
In the case of height, Tiller ears number is at 1-3；The confused flour beetle kind chosen is carried out germination test, crop seeds can be used
In inspection procedure-germination test (GB/T 3543.4-1995), soil germinating method is carried out, and determines according to germination test result and opens
The germination percentage of confused flour beetle seed, namely opens the hybrid rate of confused flour beetle seed；Because seed is after the seed dressing of seed coat agent, it it not cenospecies
Millet will not emerge.
(2) blend, after making blending according to the non-hybrid millet that the hybrid rate adapted seed size of practical measurement is essentially the same
The hybrid rate of seed controls 30%.Can convert according to formula:
In formula: w1For the confused flour beetle weight before blending, w2For the non-hybrid millet weight blended, y1For practical measurement go out miscellaneous
The germination percentage of seed-grain.The millet blended can fry and mix with a confused flour beetle after no longer germinateing again.
(3) seed after blending uses bunch planting way plantation on half overlay film film.I.e. after punching, seed is broadcast on ground on film
In film, using the agricultural mulching of fabric width 800mm, a film plants two row, cave away from 16cm-20cm, the average 50cm of Planting Row Distance, every mu
Bunch planting 6600-8300 cave.During bunch planting, film punches, every bunch planting 15, earthing on bunch planting caudacoria.Seed level is 2cm under film, on film
Earthing 2cm.
(4), after emerging, during Growth of Millet to 3 leaf-5 leaves, spray Sethoxydin herbicide, remove non-hybrid millet, also
Play the effect of weeding.
The every mu of amount of broadcasting blending seed of hybrid rate 30% is 350g-450g.In the case of a confused flour beetle hybrid rate height, adjust
Low hybrid rate, to 30%, can save seed, saves planting cost.
What the inventive method proposed adjusts hybrid rate is the way of 30%, overcomes when a confused flour beetle is applied aborning because of miscellaneous
The problem that the unfixing amount of broadcasting brought of friendship rate is difficult to determine and blindly sows；When using facility sowing, it is possible to solve machine frequent
Adjust the problem deacclimatizing different hybrid rate seed-grains.Hybrid rate 30%, bunch planting 15, can realize the 1 many Seedlings in cave stays Seedling mode, keeps away
Exempt from the thinning problem that 1 cave 1 Seedling stays Seedling mode to bring.The 1 every cave of many Seedlings mode, cave number of emerging accounts in the cave number ratio of 1 Seedling～5 Seedlings
To more than 70%, it is ensured that Seedling number is stayed in the cave needed for stable yields.Planting Row Distance 50cm, cave away from 16cm～20cm, mu broadcast 6600～
8300 caves, bunch planting 15, after having taken into full account mulch sowing facility farm work, hole rate increases and other factors causes goes out
Seedling rate declines and brings mu to stay the problem that Seedling number deficiency, yield are decreased obviously.Planting Row Distance 50cm, it is to avoid overlay film under little line-spacing
Tractor more difficult supporting problem during plantation, it is possible to accelerate speed of drilling, improves sowing efficiency.Mu broadcasts 6600～8300 caves, cave
Broadcast 15, in soil moisture content under normal circumstances, it is ensured that every mu of cenospecies stay Seedling number between 10,000～30,000 Seedlings, between can realizing exempting from
Seedling, it is possible to reach a requirement for confused flour beetle high yield.In the range of a confused flour beetle mu as above stays Seedling 10,000～30,000 Seedling, output fluctuation is relatively
Little, not only got bumper crops but also stable yields, in the case of staying Seedling wide ranges, not thinning after easily realizing broadcasting, labor intensity is low, dart transfer simultaneously
Effective.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is to open confused flour beetle 5 dry year (2014) to stay test graph of a relation between Seedling number and yield;
Fig. 2 is that high flow year (2015) confused flour beetle 5 stays test graph of a relation between Seedling number and yield.
Detailed description of the invention
Below example facilitates a better understanding of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The hybrid seed selected is a confused flour beetle 5, tours the heavens agricultural science and technology company limited purchased from Hebei.Tested in 2014 in Shanxi
The land for growing field crops in Ling Jing Dian Xiang river village, Yangqu County of province is carried out, test area 300m2.Before test, the cenospecies of a confused flour beetle 5 is bought in test
Hybrid rate (i.e. germination percentage) is 49%.Weigh confused flour beetle 5 of 1kg, then weigh the Shanxi paddy No. 29 of 0.63kg, both are mixed work
For the seed of test, the seed hybrid rate after mixing is 30%.
Half mulch bunch planting seeder is used to carry out mulch sowing, 1 bunch planting 2 row of each overlay film.Seeder duckbilled spacing
16cm, each duckbilled amount of sowing 15 ± 3.Test average row is away from 50cm, and mu broadcasts cave number 8300 cave.Test sowing seed consumption
176g, the every mu of amount of broadcasting is 392g.
After insemination and emergence, thinning is set according to interval correlation's test method and exempts from thinning two process, 3 weights of each process
Multiple.Each plot area 24m2.In the millet 3 leaf phase, spray Sethoxydin herbicide, remove the Shanxi paddy No. 29 emerged, also can simultaneously
Remove monocotyledon weed.In 5 leaf phases, the community that thinning processes carries out thinning, and every cave stays Seedling number at 1～2 Seedlings, it is ensured that mu stays Seedling number
About 1.2 ten thousand Seedlings.
Through investigation, thinning processes average 6389 caves of cave number/mu of emerging, and after artificial thinning, mu stays Seedling number to be 1.22 ten thousand Seedlings；Exempt from
Thinning processes average 6422 caves of cave number/mu of emerging, and mu Seedling number is 1.82 ten thousand Seedlings.
Yield shows: thinning processes per mu yield average out to 375.9kg, and not thinning processes per mu yield average out to 375.0kg.Test knot
Fruit shows, carries out a confused flour beetle plantation according to the inventive method proposed, it is possible to achieve exempt from thinning, and yield is unaffected.
Embodiment 2
The hybrid seed selected also is a confused flour beetle 5, tours the heavens agricultural science and technology company limited purchased from Hebei.Tested in 2015 on mountain
Ling Jing Dian Xiang river village, Xi Sheng Yangqu County is carried out, and have selected the farmland of 4 peasant familys and carries out hybrid millet and exempt from thinning demonstration, each peasant household
Cultivated area more than 1 mu.
Type of seeding such as embodiment 1, except for the difference that the seed of miscegenation is the Shanxi paddy No. 29 fried.Through investigation, 4 pieces of farmlands go out
Seedling cave number is up to 7154 caves/mu, minimum 4880 caves/mu；Number of emerging is up to 2.3 ten thousand Seedlings/mu, minimum 1.02 ten thousand Seedlings/mu.
Difference between cave number and the different plot of number of emerging of emerging is big, and mainly farmland site preparation quality quality is relevant, the agriculture that site preparation quality is good
Emerge cave number, number of emerging of field is many, and emerge cave number, number of emerging of the farmland of site preparation quality difference is just few.Farmland either site preparation quality is poor
Should site preparation quality, use the inventive method proposed to sow, all reached a confused flour beetle 5 and obtained the Seedling needed for stable yields
Number.
Yield shows.4 pieces of farmlands are surveyed through reality and are produced, millet per mu yield respectively reached 419.5kg, 424.5kg,
446.4kg and 497.6kg.The farmland of per mu yield 497.6kg is caused mainly due to fertility is higher, and this agricultural land soil organic matter contains
Amount is compared with other 3 pieces of farmlands high 26.3%～32.4%.Result of the test shows, uses the inventive method proposed to carry out in different farmlands
Plantation, had both achieved and had exempted from thinning, had reached again the purpose of high and stable yields.
Aggregate analysis: in confused flour beetle breeding process, annual climate condition and other factors impact, hybrid rate is low and not
Stable.Under Hole-seeding Conditions, if accurately realizing every cave to stay 1 Seedling, it is necessary to manual intervention, therefore want to realize between confused flour beetle exempts from
Seedling, it may be considered that many Seedlings and unfixed mode are stayed in every cave.Find through experimental study for many years, at 3300-10000 cave/mu
In the range of, every cave stays the planting patterns of 2-4 Seedling not to affect yield, and cave number is the most, and every cave stays Seedling number in the situation of 1 Seedling
Under, yield is not the most affected.Every cave stays the mode of many Seedlings easily to realize exempting from thinning.
Use the inventive method, use a confused flour beetle 5, employing ground in (dry year) in 2014 and (high flow year) in 2015 respectively
Film bunch planting way has carried out different caves number (3300 caves/mu, 5000 caves/mu, 10000 caves/mu), Seedling number is stayed in different cave (1 Seedling/cave,
2 Seedlings/cave, 3 Seedlings/cave, 4 Seedlings/cave) field test.Result of the test shows, either dry year or abundance of water time, surely
Antenatal putting, mu stays the interval range of Seedling number essentially identical, but dry year ensures that the minimum of stable yields stays Seedling number to want many.From figure
1 and Fig. 2 it is recognised that dry year hybridization paddy No. 5 stays Seedling scope to be 0.88 ten thousand Seedlings/mu-3.4, ten thousand Seedlings/mu, and the abundance of water time exists
Between 0.76 ten thousand Seedlings/mu-3.7, ten thousand Seedlings/mu, the yield of a confused flour beetle is maintained in certain stabilized production, and this realizes for a confused flour beetle
Exempt from thinning and provide theoretical foundation.
It addition, along with the increase of mu cave number (3300 caves/mu to 10000 caves/mu), cave stay Seedling number (1 Seedling/cave, 2 Seedlings/cave, 3
Seedling/cave, 4 Seedlings/cave) between volume variance the least, illustrate that realizing stable yields needs to ensure certain cave number, research shows, it is achieved
The cave number that confused flour beetle stable yields needs mu to emerge several reaches more than 4500 caves.
Broadcast 6600 caves, cave-8300 for every mu proposed, allow for hole rate under mulch bunch planting and produce the mu reducing reality
Emerging cave number, through field practical operation in a few years, hole rate is the highest can reach 30%.Additionally broadcast 6600 caves-8300 for every mu
Cave, the confused flour beetle 15 of every bunch planting 30% hybrid rate, the Seedling number of every mu typically stays Seedling scope middle part what stable yields required, also
Easily realize high yield.
Claims (4)
1. hybrid millet exempts from a thinning implantation methods, it is characterized in that:
(1) according to breediness selection, there is tiller and become the confused flour beetle kind that fringe ability is strong；The confused flour beetle kind chosen is entered
Row germination test, measures germination percentage or the hybrid rate of a confused flour beetle seed;
(2) blend according to the non-hybrid millet that the germination percentage adapted seed size of a confused flour beetle seed of practical measurement is essentially the same,
After making to blend, the hybrid rate of seed is 30%；Blending amount calculates according to following equation:
In formula: w1For the confused flour beetle weight before blending, w2For the non-hybrid millet weight blended, y1For practical measurement go out miscellaneous
The germination percentage of seed-grain；
(3) seed after blending uses bunch planting way plantation on half overlay film film；Use the agricultural mulching of fabric width 800mm, a film kind
Plant two row, cave away from 16cm-20cm, the average 50cm of Planting Row Distance, every mu of bunch planting 6600-8300 cave；During bunch planting, film punches, often
Bunch planting 15, earthing on bunch planting caudacoria；Seed level is 2cm under film, earthing 2cm on film;
(4), after emerging, during Growth of Millet to 3 leaf-5 leaves, herbicide spraying removes non-hybrid millet, plays the work of weeding
With.
2. hybrid millet as claimed in claim 1 exempts from thinning implantation methods, it is characterized in that the non-hybrid millet blended fry to
Mix with a confused flour beetle again after no longer germinateing.
3. hybrid millet as claimed in claim 1 or 2 exempts from thinning implantation methods, it is characterized in that the herbicide sprayed uses capture
Clean herbicide.
4. hybrid millet as claimed in claim 1 or 2 exempts from thinning implantation methods, it is characterized in that the blending seed of hybrid rate 30%
The every mu of amount of broadcasting be 350g-450g.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106856717A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-20 | 山西大学 | Application and thinning-out method is exempted from a kind of milletization control |
| CN107027381A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-08-11 | 定襄县金地农科贸服务有限公司 | One kind confused flour beetle kind exempts from thinning technology |
| CN107396745A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-11-28 | 何振贤 | A kind of sesame control final singling method |
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| CN1914982A (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2007-02-21 | 张家口市农业科学院 | Method for planting millet cenospecies of anti weedicide |
| CN100998279A (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2007-07-18 | 山西省农业科学院谷子研究所 | Intensive seeder of millet without thinning |
| CN101816232A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-09-01 | 王跃文 | Foxtail millet sowing method |
| CN104996143A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-10-28 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Method for performing segmented seedling thinning on millet by use of herbicide |
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2016
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1914982A (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2007-02-21 | 张家口市农业科学院 | Method for planting millet cenospecies of anti weedicide |
| CN100998279A (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2007-07-18 | 山西省农业科学院谷子研究所 | Intensive seeder of millet without thinning |
| CN101816232A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-09-01 | 王跃文 | Foxtail millet sowing method |
| CN104996143A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-10-28 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Method for performing segmented seedling thinning on millet by use of herbicide |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106856717A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-20 | 山西大学 | Application and thinning-out method is exempted from a kind of milletization control |
| CN107027381A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-08-11 | 定襄县金地农科贸服务有限公司 | One kind confused flour beetle kind exempts from thinning technology |
| CN107396745A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-11-28 | 何振贤 | A kind of sesame control final singling method |
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| CN105940913B (en) | 2018-12-25 |
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