CN105921170A - 用于烟气脱硝的新型纳米级FeZSM-5催化剂的技术方法 - Google Patents
用于烟气脱硝的新型纳米级FeZSM-5催化剂的技术方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/88—Ferrosilicates; Ferroaluminosilicates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
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- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
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- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
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- C01B39/36—Pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11
- C01B39/38—Type ZSM-5
- C01B39/40—Type ZSM-5 using at least one organic template directing agent
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Abstract
本发明针对目前烟气脱硝反应催化剂存在活性温度高、温度窗口窄、抗水热稳定性差、抗SO2性能低以及以往ZSM‑5催化剂合成过程复杂等系列问题,开发了纳米级的FeZSM‑5催化剂。与现有的技术相比较,本发明合成的FeZSM‑5尺寸为200‑400 nm,属于纳米级催化剂,具有较大的比表面积。同时本发明开发的纳米级FeZSM‑5表现出了较好的低温催化活性(250 oC时NOx的转化率大于90%)、具有较宽的催化温度窗口(在250 oC ‑ 500 oC 范围内NOx的转化率大于90%)、较理想的抗水热及抗SO2稳定性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于大气污染治理技术的催化材料领域,主要涉及一种以Fe取代骨架Al的ZSM-5催化剂的制备技术。
背景技术
同时我国以煤炭为主的能源结构一时难以改变,由此造成的大气污染问题日益突出。氮氧化物的污染由于相关研究起步较晚,存在的技术瓶颈较为严峻。目前通常采用以V2O5/TiO2系列催化剂,但它存在着水热稳定性和抗SO2能力差等缺陷。授权公告号为CN103386322 A的国家发明专利公开了用于NOX选择性催化还原的Fe-ZSM-5催化剂及其制备,也采用水热法合成了FeZSM-5,由上述方法合成的FeZSM-5合成成本高,存在比较繁琐的钠后处理程序。
因此,针对这种情况,开发采用四丙基氢氧化铵为模板剂的水热合成法,由于模板剂本身存在着碱性,因此不需要加入格外的碱,同时采用硝酸铝为铝源,不引入钠源,简化了催化剂的后处理流程。它不但在氮氧化物的选择性催化还原中具有较好的活性和抗水热SO2稳定性,同时在乙醇脱水制乙烯过程中具有较高的反应活性和稳定性。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决烟气脱硝催化剂催化活性低、抗水热SO2性能差等缺点;同时解决在乙醇脱水制乙烯过程中催化剂的水热稳定性和抗积碳失活性能。FeZSM-5由于具有较高的比表面积,高孔隙以及较多的活性位点等优点。因此,对于NO有较好的催化活性,由于铁的存在催化剂的抗水热和SO2稳定性明显的提高;在乙醇脱水制乙烯的过程催化剂的稳定性明显的提高,具有较好的催化性能。本发明采用较廉价的模板剂,模板剂起模板作用的同时提供了碱性环境,避免了使用强碱,同时简化了催化剂对钠源的处理程序。本发明为烟气脱硝催化剂的研发提供了新思路和新方法。
本发明的目的是通过以技术方案实现:以水热法合成FeZSM-5,按照以下工艺步骤合成:
(1) 制备溶胶:将正硅酸四乙酯、四丙基氢氧化铵、硝酸铁、硝酸铝混合搅拌,调节pH值为7-12,搅拌的到溶胶。投料摩尔比为:硝酸铝/正硅酸四乙酯=10-0;硝酸铁/正硅酸四乙酯=10-0。溶胶制备时间为1-5 h。
(2) 晶化反应:将上述溶胶放在反应釜中晶化,晶化温度为120-240 oC,晶化时间为3-5天。
(3) 焙烧:将晶化完干燥后的样品在焙烧,焙烧温度为400-700 oC,焙烧时间为3-5h,得到FeZSM-5催化剂。
与现有的技术相比较,本发明明显的提高了FeZSM-5催化剂的低温反应活性,具有较宽的温度窗口(在250-500 oC范围内氮氧化物的转化率都大于90%), 催化剂具有较理想的抗水热稳定性和抗SO2稳定性。
附图说明
图1是FeZSM-5催化剂催化氮氧化物的转化率;
图2是FeZSM-5催化剂的抗水热稳定性;
图3是FeZSM-5催化剂抗水热和SO2稳定性。
具体实施方式
本发明实现FeZSM-5催化氮氧化物的选择性催化还原的详细实施例说明。
实施例1
催化剂用量0.5 g(60-80目),与0.5 g 的60-80目的石英砂混合后装填在石英反应管中。催化反应在一个连续的下降流式固定床反应器中常压下进行反应,反应温度为100-500oC。样品首先在N2 (200 mL min-1)气吹扫下从室温升温到550 oC,活化30 min,在N2 (200mL min-1)的吹扫下温度降低到100 oC后通入模拟烟气组分。模拟的烟道气组成为:[NH3] =1000 ppm,[NO] = 1000 ppm,[O2] = 5%,N2为平衡气。气体总流速200 mL·min-1,空速20200 h−1。
实施例2
在测定抗水热稳定性时,在300 oC下通入[NH3] = 1000 ppm,[NO] = 1000 ppm,[O2] =5%,N2为平衡气。气体总流速 200 mL·min-1,催化剂用量0.5 g(与0.5g 的60-80目的石英砂混合后装填在石英反应管中),空速 20200 h−1。保持反应60 min后通入5%的H2O,保持反应180 min后切断H2O,反应120 min。在测定同时抗水耐硫性能时通入[NH3] = 1000 ppm,[NO] = 1000 ppm,[O2] = 5%,N2为平衡气。气体总流速 200 mL·min-1,催化剂用量0.5 g(与0.5 g 的60-80目的石英砂混合后装填在石英反应管中),空速 20200 h−1。保持反应60min后通入[SO2] = 100 ppm和5%的H2O,保持反应180min后切断H2O和SO2,反应120 min。
Claims (5)
1.合成一种用于烟气脱硝的新型纳米级FeZSM-5催化剂,其特征在于催化剂采用水热合成方法制备,具体工艺步骤如下:
制备溶胶:将正硅酸四乙酯、四丙基氢氧化铵、硝酸铁、硝酸铝混合搅拌,调节pH值为7-14,搅拌至溶胶;
晶化反应:将上述溶胶置于反应釜中晶化;
焙烧:将晶化完后的样品焙烧,得到FeZSM-5催化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述用于烟气脱硝的新型纳米级FeZSM-5催化剂,其特征在于在合成过程中的投料摩尔比为:硝酸铝/正硅酸四乙酯=10-0;硝酸铁/正硅酸四乙酯=10-0,溶胶制备时间为1-5 h。
3.根据权利要求1所述用于烟气脱硝的新型纳米级FeZSM-5催化剂,其特征在于在晶化过程中,晶化温度为120-240 oC,晶化时间为3-5天。
4.根据权利要求1所述用于烟气脱硝的新型纳米级FeZSM-5催化剂,其特征在于在焙烧过程中,焙烧温度为400-700 oC,焙烧时间为3-5 h。
5.根据权利要求1或2或3或4所述用于烟气脱硝的新型纳米级FeZSM-5催化剂,其特征在于反应温度为100-500 oC。
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CN108262061A (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种铁改性薄板型zsm-5沸石催化剂的制备方法 |
CN109985660A (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 华中科技大学 | 一种一步法合成铁基分子筛催化剂的方法及其应用 |
CN110327970A (zh) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-10-15 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | 一种Cu-Ce-SAPO-34球形聚集体脱硝催化剂的制备方法 |
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