CN105875450A

CN105875450A - Cultivation technique for crayfish

Info

Publication number: CN105875450A
Application number: CN201610256410.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙素玲
Original assignee: Guzhen Yimin Breeding Professional Cooperatives
Current assignee: Guzhen Yimin Breeding Professional Cooperatives
Priority date: 2016-04-25
Filing date: 2016-04-25
Publication date: 2016-08-24

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic products cultivation and particularly discloses a cultivation technique for crayfish. The cultivation technique is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting a cultivation pond; treating water quality; transplanting water plants; putting in shrimp larvae; feeding with baits; managing water quality. According to the cultivation method for crayfish provided by the invention, the animal baits and plant baits in different ratios are adopted for feeding for different growth periods of the crayfish; the baits are more targeted; the Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients are mixed and added in the baits; the components are more effectively combined with each other; the absorbing speed for the baits and the growth speed of the crayfish are effectively increased; the biological inhibitor prepared according to the method provided by the invention not only can be used for effectively killing fungus and microorganisms in water but also promoting the disease resistance of the crayfish.

Description

A kind of cultural technique of Procambarus clarkii

Technical field

The invention belongs to aquaculture technical field, be specifically related to the cultural technique of a kind of Procambarus clarkii.

Background technology

The nutritive value of Procambarus clarkii: 1, from the point of view of protein component, the protein content of Lobster is 18.9%, higher than mostly The fresh water of number and sea water fish and shrimp, its aminoacid composition is better than meat, can not synthesize or close containing internal necessary to human body 8 kinds of essential amino acids that one-tenth amount is not enough；2, the fat content of Lobster is only 0.2%, not only much lower than livestock meat, and its fat Fat is made up of unsaturated fatty acid necessary to human body mostly, easily by human consumption and absorption, and has and prevents cholesterol The effect accumulated in vivo；3, Lobster is the same with other aquatic products, and containing mineralogical composition necessary to human body, total amount is about 1.6%, wherein the content of calcium, phosphorus, sodium and ferrum is all high than general livestock meat, and the most edible Procambarus clarkii meat can keep neural, muscle Irritability.

Along with improving constantly of people's living standard, quality of life is required more and more higher, to food quality requirement by people The highest, people to the demand of the Procambarus clarkii of rich in nutritive value also in very fast growth, but little dragon in the market Shrimp yield can not meet the urgent needs of people, and the yield therefore improving Procambarus clarkii is urgent problem.But little dragon Shrimp often occurs the situation mutually bitten during growing up, and easily catches, so that under yield reduction, income Fall；And the calcium content of Procambarus clarkii is not the highest in the market, it is impossible to well meet the demand of replenishing the calcium of consumer, therefore carry The calcium content of high Procambarus clarkii is also urgent problem.

Summary of the invention

For the problems referred to above, it is desirable to provide the cultural technique of a kind of Procambarus clarkii, by the selection of cultivating pool, The selection of shrimp Seedling and the proportioning of bait, improve Procambarus clarkii calcium content, promote Procambarus clarkii the speed of growth, reduce morbidity rate and Mortality rate.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The cultural technique of a kind of Procambarus clarkii, comprises the following steps: cultivating pool selects, water body processes, transplant pasture and water, shrimp Seedling is thrown Put, bait feeding and water quality management；

(1) cultivating pool selects: choose smooth at the bottom of pond, have abundant water resources, water quality is good, the ridge, pond top width 3-5 rice, gradient 1:3, area For 5-7 mu, the rectangle pond of depth of water 1-2 rice, the surrounding in pond is arranged prevents escaping net；

(2) water body processes: after every mu of water surface quick lime double centner is soluble in water, uniformly splashing in full pond, carries out at the sterilization of full pond Reason；

(3) pasture and water are transplanted: pool side plantation water peanut and rye grass forage grass, breeding Herba Eichhorniae and water spinach on the water surface, at water End plantation Carassius auratus algae；

(4) shrimp Seedling is thrown in: disposably entering pond throwing in shrimp Seedling at the beginning of 4 months, shrimp Seedling specification is 2-3 centimetre, and shrimp Seedling body constitution is healthy and strong, appendage Complete, vitality is strong, and every mu of injected volume is 2-4 ten thousand tail；

(5) bait feeding: take element meat or fish mode；Throwing in 3 bait every day, the release time is 8 points, 16 points, 24 points, bait throwing in Ratio is that bait accounts for the 3%-5% depositing pond shrimp gross weight, within after throwing something and feeding 2-3 hour, eats up；

(6) water quality management: keep water transparence at 20-40 centimetre；Carried out entirely with quick lime every 10-20 days during cultivation Splash sterilization in pond；

As inventing further scheme: forward and backward phase plant feed accounts for 60%, and mid-term, animal fodder accounted for 60%, and animality is raised Material selects trash fish 4 parts and Bellamya quadrata meat 6 parts, and plant feed selects 3 parts of Herba Spirodelae, Semen Maydis powder 6 parts, chickpea 4 parts, Fructus Cucumidis sativi 6 parts, flower Raw cake 4 parts, 5 parts of Testa Tritici, Fructus Arctii 3 parts.

As inventing further scheme: bait uses following steps to be prepared:

A, 3 parts of Herba Spirodelae, Fructus Cucumidis sativi 6 parts and 4 parts of peanut cake are crushed respectively, add the firmly rubbing of 5 parts of Testa Tritici so that it is mix homogeneously；

B, Fructus Arctii 3 parts is peeled, chickpea 4 parts, firmly grind respectively, mix homogeneously with the above-mentioned raw material handled well, at 25 DEG C Lower seal ferments 7 days；

C, trash fish 4 parts and Bellamya quadrata meat 6 parts are crushed respectively, mix homogeneously；

D, raw material mix homogeneously step b, c obtained, ferment 5 days at 25 DEG C of lower seals.

As invent further scheme: during cultivating, every 15 days at noon 12 use biological preparation to water body Processing, biostatic agent is by Radix Glycyrrhizae extract 0.6 part, Eupatorium cannabinum L. (Eupatorium coelestinum L.) 3 parts, salt 4 parts and 5 parts of mix homogeneously systems of Herba Eichhorniae Become, not only kill the antibacterial in water body and fungus, and the disease resistance of Procambarus clarkii can be improved.

As inventing further scheme: biological preparation uses following steps to be prepared:

A, Eupatorium cannabinum L. (Eupatorium coelestinum L.) 3 parts and Herba Eichhorniae 5 parts are crushed respectively, add salt 4 parts firmly rubbing so that it is mix homogeneously, obtain it Broken liquid；

B, the broken liquid obtained in above-mentioned steps add Radix Glycyrrhizae extract 0.6 part, mix homogeneously.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the cultural method of the Procambarus clarkii that the present invention provides is passed through Animal bait and the vegetal bait of the growth period employing different ratio that Procambarus clarkii is different feed, more targetedly, And Chinese medicine ingredients is added in mixing in bait so that can preferably combine between each composition, be effectively improved Procambarus clarkii to bait Infiltration rate and the speed of growth；Fungus that biostatic agent prepared by the present invention is not only able to effectively to kill in water body and micro-life Thing, and the disease resistance of Procambarus clarkii can be promoted such that it is able to effectively reduce morbidity rate and the mortality rate of Procambarus clarkii, improve and support Grow the economic well-being of workers and staff at family.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1

In the embodiment of the present invention, the cultural technique of a kind of Procambarus clarkii, comprise the following steps: cultivating pool selects, water body processes, shifting Plant pasture and water, the input of shrimp Seedling, bait feeding and water quality management；

(1) cultivating pool selects: choose smooth at the bottom of pond, have abundant water resources, water quality is good, the ridge, pond top width 3 meters, gradient 1:3, area are 5 mu, the rectangle pond of the depth of water 1 meter, the surrounding in pond is arranged prevents escaping net；

(3) pasture and water are transplanted: pool side plantation water peanut and rye grass forage grass, breeding Herba Eichhorniae and water spinach on the water surface, at water End plantation Carassius auratus algae, so not only improves ingesting and casting off a skin of Procambarus clarkii, can reduce again Procambarus clarkii and kill and devour mutually, improve little dragon The survival rate of shrimp；

(4) shrimp Seedling is thrown in: disposably entering pond throwing in shrimp Seedling at the beginning of 4 months, shrimp Seedling specification is 2 centimetres, and shrimp Seedling body constitution is healthy and strong, appendage is neat Entirely, vitality strong, every mu of injected volume is 20,000 tails；

(5) bait feeding: taking element meat or fish mode, forward and backward phase plant feed accounts for 60%, and mid-term, animal fodder accounted for 60%, Animal fodder selects trash fish 4 parts and Bellamya quadrata meat 6 parts, and plant feed selects 3 parts of Herba Spirodelae, Semen Maydis powder 6 parts, chickpea 4 parts, Huang 6 parts of melon, 4 parts of peanut cake, 5 parts of Testa Tritici, Fructus Arctii 3 parts, use the bait of different ratio to carry out at the growth period that Procambarus clarkii is different Feed, and in bait, add chickpea and the Fructus Arctii that can be effectively improved calcium content, more targetedly, it is possible to effectively accelerate little The calcium content of Lobster and the speed of growth；Throwing in 3 bait every day, the release time is 8 points, 16 points, 24 points, and bait throwing in ratio is bait Accounting for and deposit the 3% of pond shrimp gross weight, throw something and feed latter 2 hours and eat up, bait feeding amount combines in good time temperature, rain or shine change, the work of Procambarus clarkii Dynamic, appetite and the existing situations such as pool amount of depositing adjust in time；

Described bait uses following steps to be prepared:

(6) water quality management: keep water transparence at 20 centimetres；Full pond was carried out every 10 days with quick lime during cultivation Splash sterilization, effectively kill multiple pathogens；During cultivating, every 15 days at noon 12 use biological preparation to water body Processing, biostatic agent is by Radix Glycyrrhizae extract 0.6 part, Eupatorium cannabinum L. (Eupatorium coelestinum L.) 3 parts, salt 4 parts and 5 parts of mix homogeneously systems of Herba Eichhorniae Become, by the way of biological antagonist, suppress the generation of pathogenic microorganism, reduce morbidity rate and the mortality rate of Procambarus clarkii；

Described biological preparation uses following steps to be prepared:

Embodiment 2

(1) cultivating pool selects: choose smooth at the bottom of pond, have abundant water resources, water quality is good, the ridge, pond top width 4 meters, gradient 1:3, area are 6 mu, the rectangle pond of the depth of water 1.5 meters, the surrounding in pond is arranged prevents escaping net；

(2) water body processes: after every mu of water surface quick lime 150 kilograms is soluble in water, uniformly splashing in full pond, carries out at the sterilization of full pond Reason；

(4) shrimp Seedling is thrown in: disposably entering pond throwing in shrimp Seedling at the beginning of 4 months, shrimp Seedling specification is 2.5 centimetres, and shrimp Seedling body constitution is healthy and strong, appendage Complete, vitality is strong, and every mu of injected volume is 30,000 tails；

(5) bait feeding: taking element meat or fish mode, forward and backward phase plant feed accounts for 60%, and mid-term, animal fodder accounted for 60%, Animal fodder selects trash fish 4 parts and Bellamya quadrata meat 6 parts, and plant feed selects 3 parts of Herba Spirodelae, Semen Maydis powder 6 parts, chickpea 4 parts, Huang 6 parts of melon, 4 parts of peanut cake, 5 parts of Testa Tritici, Fructus Arctii 3 parts, use the bait of different ratio to carry out at the growth period that Procambarus clarkii is different Feed, and in bait, add chickpea and the Fructus Arctii that can be effectively improved calcium content, more targetedly, it is possible to effectively accelerate little The calcium content of Lobster and the speed of growth；Throwing in 3 bait every day, the release time is 8 points, 16 points, 24 points, and bait throwing in ratio is bait Accounting for and deposit the 4% of pond shrimp gross weight, throw something and feed latter 2.5 hours and eat up, bait feeding amount combines in good time temperature, rain or shine change, the work of Procambarus clarkii Dynamic, appetite and the existing situations such as pool amount of depositing adjust in time；

Described bait uses following steps to be prepared:

Described biological preparation uses following steps to be prepared:

Embodiment 3

(1) cultivating pool selects: choose smooth at the bottom of pond, have abundant water resources, water quality is good, the ridge, pond top width 5 meters, gradient 1:3, area are 7 mu, the rectangle pond of the depth of water 2 meters, the surrounding in pond is arranged prevents escaping net；

(2) water body processes: after every mu of water surface quick lime 200 kilograms is soluble in water, uniformly splashing in full pond, carries out at the sterilization of full pond Reason；

(4) shrimp Seedling is thrown in: disposably entering pond throwing in shrimp Seedling at the beginning of 4 months, shrimp Seedling specification is 3 centimetres, and shrimp Seedling body constitution is healthy and strong, appendage is neat Entirely, vitality strong, every mu of injected volume is 40,000 tails；

(5) bait feeding: taking element meat or fish mode, forward and backward phase plant feed accounts for 60%, and mid-term, animal fodder accounted for 60%, Animal fodder selects trash fish 4 parts and Bellamya quadrata meat 6 parts, and plant feed selects 3 parts of Herba Spirodelae, Semen Maydis powder 6 parts, chickpea 4 parts, Huang 6 parts of melon, 4 parts of peanut cake, 5 parts of Testa Tritici, Fructus Arctii 3 parts, use the bait of different ratio to carry out at the growth period that Procambarus clarkii is different Feed, and in bait, add chickpea and the Fructus Arctii that can be effectively improved calcium content, more targetedly, it is possible to effectively accelerate little The calcium content of Lobster and the speed of growth；Throwing in 3 bait every day, the release time is 8 points, 16 points, 24 points, and bait throwing in ratio is bait Accounting for and deposit the 5% of pond shrimp gross weight, throw something and feed latter 3 hours and eat up, bait feeding amount combines in good time temperature, rain or shine change, the work of Procambarus clarkii Dynamic, appetite and the existing situations such as pool amount of depositing adjust in time；

Described bait uses following steps to be prepared:

Described biological preparation uses following steps to be prepared:

Matched group uses conventional method to cultivate, and experimental group one uses bait of the present invention to cultivate, and experimental group two makes Cultivating by water treatment method of the present invention, other conditions are completely the same, result of the test such as following table:

	Experiment quantity (tail)	Cultivate number (tail) of surviving January	Average weight gain (g)	Average calcium content (mg/100g)
					Matched group	200	178	5.6	82
Experimental group one	200	194	9.2	124
					Experimental group two	200	193	5.8	85

As seen from the above table, the calcium content using the bait of the present invention to enable to Procambarus clarkii substantially increases, the speed of growth substantially adds Hurry up, use the water treatment method of the present invention can effectively reduce the mortality rate of Procambarus clarkii.

Claims

1. the cultural technique of a Procambarus clarkii, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps: cultivating pool selects, water body processes, transplanting Pasture and water, the input of shrimp Seedling, bait feeding and water quality management；

(5) bait feeding: take element meat or fish alternately to throw something and feed mode；Throw in 3 bait every day, the release time be 8 points, 16 points, 24 points, bait throwing in every day ratio is that bait accounts for the 3%-5% depositing pond shrimp gross weight；

(6) water quality management: keep water transparence at 20-40 centimetre；Carried out entirely with quick lime every 10-20 days during cultivation Splash sterilization in pond.

The cultural technique of a kind of Procambarus clarkii the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that forward and backward phase plant feed accounts for 60%, mid-term, animal fodder accounted for 60%, and animal fodder selects trash fish 4 parts and Bellamya quadrata meat 6 parts to make, and plant feed selects floating Duckweed 3 parts, Semen Maydis powder 6 parts, chickpea 4 parts, Fructus Cucumidis sativi 6 parts, 4 parts of peanut cake, 5 parts of Testa Tritici, Fructus Arctii 3 parts are made.

3. according to the cultural technique of a kind of Procambarus clarkii described in claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that bait uses following steps It is prepared:

The cultural technique of a kind of Procambarus clarkii the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that during cultivating, every 15 days At noon 12 use biological preparation water body is processed, biostatic agent by Radix Glycyrrhizae extract 0.6 part, Eupatorium cannabinum L. (Eupatorium coelestinum L.) 3 parts, Salt 4 parts and 5 parts of mix homogeneously of Herba Eichhorniae are made.

5. according to the cultural technique of a kind of Procambarus clarkii described in claim 1 and 4, it is characterised in that below biological preparation uses Step is prepared: