CN105874680B - 监视和调节电池组的运行的电池组管理系统和电池组系统 - Google Patents

监视和调节电池组的运行的电池组管理系统和电池组系统 Download PDF

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CN105874680B
CN105874680B CN201480072519.9A CN201480072519A CN105874680B CN 105874680 B CN105874680 B CN 105874680B CN 201480072519 A CN201480072519 A CN 201480072519A CN 105874680 B CN105874680 B CN 105874680B
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battery
separator
management system
battery pack
batteries management
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CN105874680A (zh
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S.本茨
J.施奈德
K.豪格
S.布茨曼
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0007—Measures or means for preventing or attenuating collisions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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    • B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

本发明涉及用于监视以及调节能够再充电的、包括多个电池组电池的电池组的运行的电池组管理系统（1），所述电池组管理系统包括控制设备单元（2）、多个分别要分配给至少一个电池组电池的电池监视单元（3）、用于发送和/或接收数据的通信系统（5）和用于将所述电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置电流分离的分离装置（4），其中所述分离装置（4）被构造用于接收数据。所述分离装置（4）在此包括分析单元，所述分析单元关于将电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置分离的需求来分析在分离装置（4）侧所接收的数据。此外，本发明涉及具有能够再充电的、包括多个电池组电池的电池组以及根据本发明的用于监视以及调节所述电池组的运行的电池组管理系统（1）的电池组系统。

Description

监视和调节电池组的运行的电池组管理系统和电池组系统
技术领域
本发明涉及用于监视以及调节能够再充电的、包括多个电池组电池的电池组的运行的电池组管理系统，所述电池组管理系统包括控制设备单元、多个分别要分配给至少一个电池组电池的电池监视单元、用于发送和/或接收数据的通信系统以及用于将电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置电流分离的分离装置，其中所述分离装置被构造用于接收数据。
此外，本发明涉及具有能够再充电的、包括多个电池组电池的电池组和用于监视以及调节所述电池组的运行的电池组管理系统的电池组系统。
背景技术
电池组管理系统在现有技术中例如从出版物WO 2010/118039 A1中已知。开头所提到的电池组管理系统在此在电池组系统中尤其被用于监视以及调节电池组的运行，所述电池组包括具有多个被相互电接线的电池组电池、尤其能够再充电的锂离子电池的电池组。电池组系统的电池组的运行在此尤其包括电池组的放电过程、即尤其以相应的耗电器利用这种电池组，以及包括电池组的充电过程、即电池组的再充电。电池组管理系统在此通常确保在考虑要对电池组提出的安全要求、功率要求和/或寿命要求的情况下的可靠运行。
在迄今已知的电池组管理系统中，尤其电池组电池的电池电压由多个电池监视单元、即所谓的Cell Supervising Circuits（电池监控电路，CSCs）作为测量值来检测并且经由通信总线被传输给中央控制设备单元、即所谓的Battery Control Unit（电池组控制单元，BCU）。此外可以将由电流传感器所测量的电流作为另外的测量值传输给控制设备单元。电池组控制单元通过分析测量值来确定电池组特性、如尤其各个电池组电池的也被称为State of Charge（充电状态，SOC）的充电状态以及各个电池组电池的也被称为State ofHealth（健康状态，SOH）的老化。
除此之外，这种电池组管理系统通常包括接触器作为用于将电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置电流分离的分离装置。这种分离装置在此被构造用于将操控信号作为数据来接收，其中分离装置的操控同样通过控制设备单元来进行。尤其给控制设备单元指派如下任务：当所检测的测量值指出这些电池组电池的安全关键的状态时，经由操控分离装置来将各个电池组电池或一组电池组电池、如尤其各个电池组模块与电池组的极连接端子电分离。电池组电池的这种隔开有重大意义，以便防止不仅电池组而且由电池组所馈电的耗电器装置或者给电池组再充电的充电装置的较大的损害。
在此，尤其鉴于该安全相关的方面存在进一步改进电池组管理系统和具有电池组管理系统的电池组系统的持续的需要。
因此，本发明的任务是提供鉴于电池组系统的安全运行被改进的电池组管理系统，所述电池组管理系统有利地在存在将电池组与被连接在电池组上的耗电器装置和/或充电装置分离的需求的情况下关于及早的分离被改进。除此之外，电池组管理系统应当有利地关于可靠地识别电池组电池的安全关键的状态被改进。
发明内容
为了解决所述任务，提出用于监视以及调节能够再充电的、包括多个电池组电池的电池组的运行的电池组管理系统，所述电池组管理系统包括控制设备单元、多个分别要分配给至少一个电池组电池的电池监视单元、用于发送和/或接收数据的通信系统以及用于将电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置电流分离的分离装置，其中所述分离装置被构造用于接收数据，并且分离装置包括分析单元，所述分析单元关于将电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置分离的需求分析在分离装置侧所接收的数据。分离装置通过分析单元有利地在一定程度上配备“智能”，分离装置的功能由此有利地被扩展和/或能够被扩展。根据本发明的电池组管理系统的分离装置因此有利地是在其功能范围上被扩展的电池组断开单元（BDU）。
由电池组管理系统的分离装置所接收的数据尤其是模拟的和/或数字化的测量参量和/或控制信号。尤其在本发明的一个有利的设计方案中规定：分离装置的分析单元被构造用于可以执行附加的安全检查并且因此利用根据本发明的电池组系统进一步提高电池组系统的安全性。分析单元根据一种有利的设计方案尤其被构造用于验证控制设备单元的分析结果，使得分离装置有利地仅在将电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置分离的需求以被验证的方式存在的情况下将电池组与所连接的耗电器装置和/或充电装置电流分离。
有利地，分离装置通过分析所接收的数据本身能够优选地在不将相应的触发信号和/或操控信号从控制设备单元发送给分离装置的情况下触发电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置的分离。分离装置此外优选地包括开关元件、优选地接触器，所述开关元件有利地通过断开来中断电池组和耗电器装置之间的或者电池组和充电装置之间的高压电路。开关元件的断开在此优选地通过被发送给相应的开关元件的操控信号来触发，其中分离装置有利地被构造用于生成操控信号。在这种有利的设计方案中，电池组管理系统之内的安全关键的路径有利地被缩短，因为数据可以直接被传输给分离装置并且不需要经由控制设备单元的更长的信号路径。除此之外，控制设备单元有利地能够以仅仅非安全关键的功能来实施。由此有利地简化对控制设备单元所提出的保护要求以及与之关联的保护耗费，由此有利地能够节省成本。
根据本发明的电池组管理系统的控制设备单元优选地是中央控制设备单元、尤其所谓的电池组控制单元（BCU）。在此尤其规定：控制设备单元被构造用于实施中央控制任务。尤其规定：控制设备单元经由通信系统与电池监视单元连接以用于接收数据并且接收由电池监视单元所检测的运行参数、尤其电池组电池电压和/或电池组电池温度。所接收的数据在此由控制设备单元来分析。在分析的范围内尤其确定电池组特性、诸如电池组电池的充电状态（SOC；SOC：State of Charge）和/或电池组电池的老化状态（SOH；SOH：State ofHealth）。除此之外，控制设备单元优选地具有通信接口，控制设备单元可以经由所述通信接口与不属于电池组管理系统的另外的控制设备单元通信。因为尤其规定根据本发明的电池组管理系统在混合动力车辆、插电混合动力车辆或电动车辆中所采用的电池组系统中的使用，所以电池组管理系统的控制设备单元可以经由通信接口有利地与车辆控制设备、诸如所谓的车辆控制单元（Vehicle Control Unit, VCU）通信。VCU在此接管如下功能、诸如驱动力矩的协调、充电管理和/或对车辆状态、诸如“充电”、“行驶”或“泊车”的控制。
根据本发明的电池组系统的电池监视单元优选地尤其被构造用于接管传感功能，如尤其用于检测电池组电池电压和/或电池组电池温度，和/或用于执行电池组电池之间的充电均衡。尤其规定：电池监视单元是所谓的电池监控电路（Cell Supervision Circuits,CSC）。
根据本发明的一种特别有利的设计方案，电池组管理系统的分离装置包括控制装置，所述控制装置被构造用于根据分析单元的分析的结果来触发电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置的分离。尤其规定：控制装置被构造用于优选地操控分离装置的开关元件、尤其接触器，使得开关元件通过由控制装置所生成的操控信号而断开并且因此实行电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置的电流分离。尤其规定：分离装置的分析单元将关键运行状态的存在用信号通知给分离装置的控制装置，其中关键运行状态借助于分析装置来探测。为此尤其可以将在分离装置侧所接收的测量值借助于比较器单元与预定义的极限值相比较，其中预定义的极限值的超出和/或未超出可以表明电池组的关键运行状态。
按照根据本发明的电池组管理系统的另一特别有利的设计方案，分离装置经由通信系统与电池监视单元连接，尤其直接与电池监视单元连接，其中分离装置被构造用于将由电池监视单元所检测的运行参数、尤其所检测的电池组电池电压和/或电池组电池温度作为数据来接收。通过电池监视单元和分离装置之间、即尤其用于电池电压测量和/或温度测量的组件和用于将电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置电流分离的开关元件之间的这种优选的直接的连接，特别是因为由电池监视单元所检测的运行参数不经由所述电池组管理系统的控制设备单元被传输给分离装置，所以有利地实现短的安全关键的路径。
有利地，电池组管理系统的通信系统是串行总线系统、优选地是CAN总线系统。数据在此在电池组管理系统之内有利地在利用CAN协议的情况下被传输。在利用CAN协议的情况下的传输有利地是特别可靠的以及不大易受干扰的。
按照根据本发明的电池组管理系统的另一有利的设计方案，电池组管理系统包括用于测量电池组的电流的至少一个电流测量装置，其中所述至少一个电流测量装置与分离装置连接并且所述分离装置被构造用于将由所述至少一个电流测量装置所测量的电流作为数据来接收。电流测量例如可以在利用分流器的情况下被实现。将所述至少一个电流测量装置连接到分离装置上尤其可以经由所谓的LIN总线（LIN：Local InterconnectNetwork（本地互联网络））来进行。如迄今通常的那样将相应的电流测量装置连接到电池组管理系统的控制设备单元上有利地可以在电池组管理系统的这种根据本发明的设计方案中取消。通过分离装置和所述至少一个电流测量装置之间的直接通信有利地实现了短的安全关键的路径。在具有根据本发明的电池组管理系统的电池组的运行中的安全性由此有利地被进一步提高。
分离装置此外有利地被构造用于将至少一个碰撞信号作为数据来接收。这尤其在车辆中所采用的电池组系统中采用根据本发明的电池组管理系统的情况下是有利的。在此尤其规定：车辆的控制设备单元通过分析由碰撞传感器所检测的测量参量来产生碰撞信号、例如如下碰撞信号，所述碰撞信号被用于触发机动车约束系统，并且该信号被发送给分离装置。分离装置为此优选地具有单独的通信接口。碰撞信号优选地由分离装置的分析单元作为碰撞信号来识别，其中有利地在接收到碰撞信号时优选地通过操控分离装置的接触器来触发电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置的分离。
根据本发明的另一特别有利的设计方案，电池组管理系统具有另一通信系统，其中分离装置通过所述另一通信系统与电池监视单元连接。分离装置此外优选地经由第一通信系统与电池监视单元连接。所述另一通信系统在此有利地被用于冗余地传输安全相关的信息，尤其用于传输由电池监视单元所检测的电池组电池电压和/或电池组电池温度、尤其关键的电池组电池电压和/或关键的电池组电池温度。通过所述另一通信系统有利地进一步提高系统安全性。此外有利地实现ASIL分解（参见ISO 26262）。所述另一通信系统有利地被实现为串行总线系统。
尤其规定：所述另一通信系统是将电池监视单元相互连接的通信线路，其中数据从电池监视单元经由通信线路在利用菊花链原理的情况下被传输给分离装置。所述另一通信系统在此优选地被构造为菊花链报警线路（Daisy-Chain-Alarm-Line），经由所述菊花链报警线路优选地可以在电池监视单元和分离装置之间传输所有的安全相关的信息。
按照根据本发明的电池组管理系统的另一有利的设计方案，分离装置此外被构造用于在利用所接收的数据的情况下生成和/或监视HV互锁信号（HV：High Voltage（高压））。由此可以有利地直接对分离装置的开关元件的控制（接触器控制）产生影响。HV互锁信号有利地是如下信号，所述信号被用于分离电池组和耗电器装置和/或充电装置之间的高压电路。
本发明的另一有利的设计方案规定：电池组管理系统部分地连接到高压电路上并且部分地连接到低压电路上，其中控制设备单元仅仅连接到低压电路上。通过在该设计方案中仅仅在低压电位（LV电位；LV：Low Voltage（低压））运行控制设备单元，有利地使得能够成本更低地实现控制设备单元。这种有利的设计方案在没有安全性损失的情况下有利地通过以下方式来实现：不将控制设备单元用于操控电池组管理系统的分离装置。因为电池组管理系统的分离装置根据本发明通过分析单元具有自身的智能，所以分离装置有利地被构造用于分析所接收的数据并且优选地通过分离装置的控制装置来有利地将所分析的数据用于操控分离装置的接触器。
为了解决开头所提到的任务，此外提出具有能够再充电的、包括多个电池组电池的电池组以及用于监视以及调节所述电池组的运行的电池组管理系统的电池组系统，其中电池组系统的电池组管理系统是根据本发明的电池组管理系统。
附图说明
结合在图中所示出的实施例来进一步解释本发明的另外的有利的细节、特征和设计方案细节。在此：
图1以框图示出根据本发明的电池组管理系统的一个实施例的简化图示；以及
图2以框图示出根据本发明的电池组管理系统的另一实施例的简化图示。
具体实施方式
在图1和图2中分别作为框图示出了用于监视以及调节能够再充电的、包括多个电池组电池的电池组的运行的电池组管理系统1。电池组管理系统在此包括控制设备单元2、多个电池监视单元3（在图1和图2中分别示出了3个电池监视单元3）、用于将电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置电流分离的分离装置4、通信系统5和电流测量装置6。尤其规定了在图1和图2中所示出的电池组管理系统1在电动车辆中所采用的电池组系统中的使用。
如在图1和图2中通过不同的阴影线所标明的那样，电池组管理系统1部分地连接到高压电路（从左下朝右上的阴影线）上并且部分地连接到低压电路（从左上朝右下的阴影线）上。在此，控制设备单元2分别有利地仅仅连接到低压电路上。
在图1和图2中分别示出的电池组管理系统1的控制设备单元2优选地被构造为电池组控制单元。控制设备单元2经由CAN总线9与车辆控制设备装置10连接以用于交换数据。该车辆控制设备装置10尤其可以是所谓的车辆控制单元（Vehicle Control Unit，VCU），所述车辆控制单元尤其执行功能、如驱动力矩的协调、充电管理和/或对车辆状态、如充电、行驶、泊车等的控制。有利地，由电池监视单元3所提供的数据或由分离装置4所提供的数据可以由控制设备单元2接收并且由该控制设备单元处理。这些数据尤其可以由控制设备单元2经由CAN总线9发送给另外的车辆控制设备装置10。
电池组管理系统1的电池监视单元3优选地是电池监控电路（Cell SupervisionCircuits，CSC），所述电池监控电路尤其被构造用于检测电池组的运行参数、尤其电池组电池电压和/或电池组电池温度并且除此之外实施广泛的功能、尤其所谓的电池平衡（Cell-Balancing）。
电池组管理系统1的分离装置4优选地是被进一步开发的电池组断开单元（BDU），所述电池组断开单元尤其被构造用于经由开关元件、优选地经由接触器来中断电池组和耗电器装置和/或充电装置之间的高压电路。分离装置4在所示出的实施例中分别包括一个分析单元（在图中未明确地示出），所述分析单元尤其可以被构造为微控制器电路。除此之外，分离装置4包括控制装置（在图中未明确地示出）、尤其如下控制设备，所述控制设备被构造用于操控分离装置的开关元件（在图中未明确地示出）。
如在图1和图2中示意性地示出的那样，电池监视单元3和控制设备单元2以及电池监视单元3和分离装置4经由用于发送和/或接收数据的通信系统5相互连接。通信系统5优选地被构造为CAN总线系统。控制设备单元2和分离装置4可以经由通信系统5分别与电池监视单元3交换数据。分离装置4尤其被构造用于经由通信系统5从电池监视单元接收数据、尤其由电池监视单元3所检测的运行参数、如尤其电池组电池电压和/或电池组电池温度。
电池组管理系统1的优选地被构造为分流器的电流测量装置6优选地经由LIN总线11与分离装置4连接。分离装置4在此被构造用于将由电流测量装置6所测量的电流作为数据来接收。
分离装置4此外被构造用于将经由信号线7所发送的碰撞信号作为数据来接收以及分析，以便在需要时触发电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置的电流分离。此外，分离装置4有利地被构造用于监视HV互锁信号，所述HV互锁信号经由信号线8被提供给分离装置。
所有的经由通信系统5、经由信号线7、经由信号线8和/或从电流测量装置6经由LIN总线11到达的数据有利地由分离装置4的分析单元关于将电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置分离的需求进行分析。尤其在分离装置4的分析单元侧进行经由通信系统5所接收的运行参数、如所接收的电池组电池电压和/或电池组电池温度的如下分析：是否存在关键的运行状态。为此可以使所接收的运行参数尤其经受阈值比较，以便确认运行参数是超出还是未超出所预给定的下限值和/或上限值。除此之外，分离装置4的分析单元有利地被构造用于关于关键值来分析由电流测量装置6所测量的电流。此外，分析单元有利地被构造用于如下分析经由信号线7所接收的信号：由于所进行的车辆碰撞是否需要将电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置分离。
分离装置4的控制装置有利地被构造用于根据分析单元的分析的结果来触发电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置的分离。控制装置在此有利地被构造用于操控分离装置的用于将电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置分离的开关元件，使得所述开关元件断开。高压电路有利地通过一个开关元件或者多个开关元件的断开而被中断。分离装置4的控制装置尤其被构造用于生成控制信号，其中开关元件在接收到控制信号时断开。
在图2中所示出的实施例相对于在图1中所示出的实施例被扩展了另一通信系统12。所述另一通信系统12在此优选地是现场总线。所述另一通信系统12在此被用于将由电池监视单元3所检测的数据、尤其安全相关的信息冗余地传输给分离装置4。即分离装置4不仅经由通信系统5而且经由所述另一通信系统12从电池监视单元3接收数据。将所检测的数据从电池监视单元3传输给分离装置4在图2中所示出的实施例中在利用所谓的菊花链原理的情况下进行。即电池监视单元3中的一个（在图2中最下面的电池监视单元）直接与分离装置4连接并且另外的电池监视单元3在此分别与另一电池监视单元3（在图2中分别与相应更高地被布置的电池监视单元）连接。数据在此分别从一个电池监视单元3被传输给下一电池监视单元3并且从最后的电池监视单元3最后被传输给分离装置4。
在图中所示出的以及结合这些图所解释的实施例用于解释本发明并且对于本发明来说是非描述性的。

Claims (8)

1.用于监视以及调节能够再充电的、包括多个电池组电池的电池组的运行的电池组管理系统（1），所述电池组管理系统包括控制设备单元（2）、多个分别要分配给至少一个电池组电池的电池监视单元（3）、用于发送和/或接收数据的通信系统（5）和用于将所述电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置电流分离的分离装置（4），其中所述分离装置（4）被构造用于将由所述电池监视单元（3）所检测的运行参数作为数据经由所述通信系统（5）从所述电池监视单元（3）来接收，其特征在于，所述分离装置（4）包括分析单元，所述分析单元关于将所述电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置分离的需求来分析在所述分离装置（4）侧所接收的所述数据，并且所述电池组管理系统（1）包括另一通信系统（12），其中所述分离装置（4）经由所述另一通信系统（12）与所述电池监视单元（3）连接并且所述另一通信系统（12）被用于冗余地传输由所述电池监视单元（3）所检测的运行参数，
所述分离装置（4）包括控制装置，所述控制装置被构造用于根据所述分析单元的分析的结果来触发所述电池组与耗电器装置和/或充电装置的分离。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池组管理系统（1），其特征在于，所述通信系统（5）是串行总线系统。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电池组管理系统（1），其特征在于，所述电池组管理系统（1）包括用于测量所述电池组的电流的至少一个电流测量装置（6），其中所述至少一个电流测量装置（6）与所述分离装置（4）连接并且所述分离装置（4）被构造用于将由所述至少一个电流测量装置（6）所测量的电流作为数据来接收。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的电池组管理系统（1），其特征在于，所述分离装置（4）被构造用于将至少一个碰撞信号作为数据来接收。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电池组管理系统（1），其特征在于，所述另一通信系统是将所述电池监视单元（3）相互连接的通信线路（12），其中将数据从所述电池监视单元（3）经由所述通信线路（12）在利用菊花链原理的情况下传输给所述分离装置（4）。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的电池组管理系统（1），其特征在于，所述分离装置（4）被构造用于在利用所接收的数据的情况下生成和/或监视高压互锁信号。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的电池组管理系统（1），其特征在于，所述电池组管理系统（1）部分地连接到高压电路上并且部分地连接到低压电路上，其中所述控制设备单元（2）仅仅连接到所述低压电路上。
8.电池组系统，所述电池组系统具有能够再充电的、包括多个电池组电池的电池组和用于监视以及调节所述电池组的运行的电池组管理系统（1），其特征在于，所述电池组管理系统（1）是根据权利要求1至7之一所述的电池组管理系统。
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