CN105850411A - Sugarcane planting method capable of improving soil quality of sugarcane field - Google Patents
Sugarcane planting method capable of improving soil quality of sugarcane field Download PDFInfo
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- CN105850411A CN105850411A CN201610195969.8A CN201610195969A CN105850411A CN 105850411 A CN105850411 A CN 105850411A CN 201610195969 A CN201610195969 A CN 201610195969A CN 105850411 A CN105850411 A CN 105850411A
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- caulis sacchari
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a sugarcane planting method capable of improving the soil quality of a sugarcane field. The sugarcane planting method comprises the following first step of field preparation and ditching, the second step of sugarcane seed treatment, the third step of fertilizer application, the fourth step of planting, the fifth step of weeding, the sixth step of field management and the seventh step of harvesting. According to the planting method, sugarcane seeds are subjected to soaking sterilization treatment, the survival rate of the sugarcane seeds is increased, the quality of the sugarcane seeds is improved, and the sugarcane seeds are optimized; weeding is carried out in time in the planting process, and healthy growth of sugarcane is ensured; controlled-release compound fertilizer used in the method comprises core fertilizer and enveloping coatings coating the surface of core fertilizer, due to the double-layer structure, the controlled-release effect is more obvious, the fertilizer efficiency lasts for a long time, and topdressing is not needed in the planting process; besides, rich microelements are contained in the core fertilizer, the nutrition value of sugarcane is improved, and ingredients of the fertilizer are environmentally friendly to soil; the production cost is low, market popularization can be promoted, and economic benefits are good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cane planting method improving sugarcane field soil property.
Background technology
Caulis Sacchari sinensis, (formal name used at school: Saccharum officinarum) saccharum, perennial tall and big solid draft.
The sturdy prosperity of root stock.Stalk height 3-5 (-6) rice.TaiWan, China, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, four
Torrid areas, the south such as river, Yunnan is extensively planted.Caulis Sacchari sinensis is suitable for being planted in fertile soil, sunny, winter
The place that the summer temperature difference is big.Caulis Sacchari sinensis is temperate zone and torrid zone crops, is the raw material manufacturing sucrose, and can refine second
Alcohol is as energy substitution product.The whole world has more than 100 country to produce Caulis Sacchari sinensis, and maximum sugarcane production state is bar
West, India and China.Containing abundant sugar, moisture in Caulis Sacchari sinensis, possibly together with to human metabolism very
The materials such as useful various vitamin, fat, protein, organic acid, calcium, ferrum, are mainly used in sugaring,
Epidermis is generally purple and green two kinds of common colors, also has redness and brown, but the most rare.
The nutritive value of Caulis Sacchari sinensis is the highest, and it is the most that it contains moisture, and moisture accounts for the 84% of Caulis Sacchari sinensis.Caulis Sacchari sinensis is sugary
Measuring the abundantest, sucrose therein, glucose and fructose, content reaches 12%, and be easily absorbed by the body profit
With.Additionally, through scientific analysis, Caulis Sacchari sinensis is possibly together with other material of needed by human body, and Caulis Sacchari sinensis is possibly together with volume
The trace element of the needed by human such as ferrum, calcium, phosphorus, manganese, zinc, wherein the content of ferrum is the most, occupy fruit it
Head, therefore Caulis Sacchari sinensis have the laudatory title of " fruit of enriching blood ".Additionally containing 0.2 gram of protein, 0.5 gram of fat, calcium 8 milli
Gram, 4 milligrams of phosphorus, ferrum 1.3 milligrams.It addition, Caulis Sacchari sinensis possibly together with aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine,
Alanine etc. multiple be conducive to human body aminoacid, and vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and
Vitamin C etc..The iron-holder per kilogram of Caulis Sacchari sinensis reaches 9 milligrams, occupies first of fruit, therefore Caulis Sacchari sinensis have and " enriches blood
Laudatory title really ".
China as the first in the world populous nation, how to resolve Farming land used and application land used it
Between equilibrium problem have become as the important topic that China faces.Along with fruit in the last few years market value with
And the increase year by year of plantation profit, the land used of a lot of original plantation grains is used to replant fruit, Caulis Sacchari sinensis
High nutritive value is increasingly welcome by peasant, and Caulis Sacchari sinensis is to produce sugar and the important source material of bio-ethanol,
Grow cane be labor intensity maximum be also one of most important link, plantation operation quality directly affects sweet
The yield of sugarcane.China's cane planting is at present also in machinery or animal power trench digging, and artificial pendulum is planted the stage, but,
Accelerating along with China rural holding is reversed, emerge the rich and influential family that more and more tills the land, agricultural is just towards industrialization
Direction is fast-developing.Go down town in a large number plus China peasant and work, cause that rural area person between twenty and fifty labour force's is in short supply,
Causing human cost in scale agricultural production to increase, during cane planting, fertilization type and fertilizer application frequency are the most also
Increasingly annoying the sustainable development of cane planting industry, at present, the universal fertilization mode of cane planting is: plant
Imposing on the bottom of trench base fertilizer as Caulis Sacchari sinensis with the phosphate fertilizer of the compound fertilizer+50 kilograms of 50 kilogram 25% when planting, leaf of Caulis Sacchari sinensis is long
During to 4 to 5 leaves, mending nitrogen fertilizer application once, 10 kilograms every mu, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1000 grams, Caulis Sacchari sinensis is earthed up
Time every mu fertilising 100 kilogram of 40% content compound fertilizer.This fertilization mode is the most time-consuming, crop raw
Long manuring late inconvenience, production cost increase, and overfertilization also can make soil soil property deteriorate, and soil property is disliked
The soil changed, not only affects yield, also can reduce the agro-farming land area that China reduces day by day so that grain
The underproduction, forms vicious cycle.
For cane planting method, the most domestic it is primarily present following patent documentation:
Patent publication No.: CN104920018A, discloses a kind of cane planting improving cane sugar content
Method, including: 1) the front preparation of plantation: when planting first 4 months, ditching, in ditch, throw in Lumbricus；2) plant
Kind: cane seedling is planted at bottom of trench；3) fertilising: after 1 week of plantation, uniformly applies battalion to mulch film surface
Fat up；After planting 1.5 months, impose described nutrition fertilizer；4) Caulis Sacchari sinensis cuts receipts；The cane planting that the present invention provides
Method is simple to operate, before plantation cane seedling, toward ditch input Lumbricus, is favorably improved the logical of soil
Property thoroughly, and the feces that Lumbricus is discharged does not contains only nutritional labeling, such as nitrogen necessary to Caulis Sacchari sinensis storage sugar
Phosphorus potassium element and aminoacid, protein, but also containing substantial amounts of beneficial microbe and earthworm fibrinlytic enzyme；
Also by applying the organic nutrition fertilizer of homemade green, it is ensured that institute during sugarcane production and storage sugar
The nutrition needed, improves the sugar content in Caulis Sacchari sinensis further.But, the cane planting side that this patent provides
Method, still uses many fertilisings and needs the implantation methods topdressed, and the composition of its nutrition fertilizer is also only and becomes thoroughly decomposed
Obtaining fertilizer and the mixing of lemonade, Fertilizer nutrient composition is unbalanced, and planting cost is high.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem of above-mentioned existence, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of sugarcane field soil property improved
Cane planting method, described implantation methods carries out soaking sterilization process to sugarcane kind, promotes sugarcane kind survival rate and matter
Amount, it is achieved the optimization of sugarcane kind, carries out weeding in time in planting process, it is ensured that sugarcane health is grown up, used slow
Releasing compound fertilizer include that nuclear core is fertile and be coated on the coating layer on nuclear core fertilizer surface, double-decker makes slow release effect more
Adding substantially, fertilizer efficiency is long, without topdressing in planting process, and rich in trace element in nuclear core fertilizer, promotes Caulis Sacchari sinensis
Nutritive value, fertilizer component is friendly to soil, and production cost is low, beneficially marketing, economic benefit
Good.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme is that
A kind of cane planting method improving sugarcane field soil property, comprises the steps:
1) wholely, ditching
Select draining paddy field easily, carry out the deep ploughing of a time 35～40cm, break up the clods, it is ensured that after Genging
Earth is in small, broken bits, smooth, opens sugarcane ditch, ditch spacing 1～1.3m, ditch depth 20～30cm,
2) sugarcane kind processes
Select double bud section Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud, soak 12～24h with 12% lime water, pull clear water out and clean, then with diluting
The 50% carbendazol seed soaking 10～15min of 1000 times, clear water is cleaned；
3) fertilising
Every mu of applying improves the coated slow-release compound fertilizer 40～60kg of cane planting soil；
4) plantation
Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud is according in 3800～4200/mu kinds to plantation ditch, and every meter of Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud number of sowing is protected
Demonstrate,prove 10～12 effective buds, Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud length of embedment 15～20cm, the one end having bud is tilted upward, does not has
Diagonally downward, at Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud periphery cover film, the both sides of thin film also seal with broken mud in one end of bud；
5) weeding
Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud plantation after 1～2 day, need to carry out ground envelope grass process, i.e. mu draws with 40% Aunar
Tianjin 150～200g, is watered the 50～60kg anti-weeds in spraying ground；
6) field management
Anti-sugarcane field hydrops, anti-people and animals are residual to step on, and to carry out weeding, deinsectization, training after the neat Seedling of Caulis Sacchari sinensis 3～5 leaf in time
Soil and stripping leaf；
7) gather
Plant 4～start to gather after 5 months.
Further, described Caulis Sacchari sinensis is sugar No. 22 Caulis Sacchari sinensis of platform or sugar No. 24 Caulis Sacchari sinensis of platform.
Separately, the described coated slow-release compound fertilizer improving cane planting soil includes nuclear core fertilizer granule and is coated on this
The coating layer of nuclear core fertilizer particle surface, described nuclear core fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 40～60
Part, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 20～30 parts, MAP: 10～20 parts, potassium chloride: 15～25 parts, sulphuric acid
Zinc: 10～15 parts, humic acids: 1～10 part, attapulgite: 10～15 parts, bacillus subtilis: 1～5
Part, EDTA chelated iron: 0.5～1 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.5～1 part, EDTA chelated copper: 0.5～1
Part, humic acid urea ferrum: 0.5～1 part, humic acids magnesium: 0.5～1 part, urease inhibitor: 0.5～1 part, nitre
Change inhibitor: 0.5～1 part；Described coating layer includes the composition of following weight portion: chitosan: 20～30 parts,
Polyvinyl alcohol: 5～10 parts, modified tapioca starch: 5～10 parts, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate: 1～5 part, micro-
Rice hollow glass fibre element powder: 1～5 part, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide: 1～5 part, acrylamide:
1～5 part, kieselguhr: 1～5 part, binding agent: 1～5 part, acetic acid: 0.1～0.5 part, deionized water is appropriate.
Preferably, described nuclear core fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 40～50 parts, biphosphate
Ammonium: 20～25 parts, MAP: 10～15 parts, potassium chloride: 15～20 parts, zinc sulfate: 13～15 parts, rotten
Phytic acid: 5～10 parts, attapulgite: 10～13 parts, EDTA chelated iron: 0.5～0.8 part, EDTA chelates
Zinc: 0.7～1 part, EDTA chelated copper: 0.5～0.7 part, humic acid urea ferrum: 0.5～0.8 part, humic acids
Magnesium: 0.6～0.8 part, urease inhibitor: 0.5～0.8 part, nitrification inhibitor: 0.7～1 part；Described coating layer bag
Include the composition of following weight portion: chitosan: 20～25 parts, polyvinyl alcohol: 6～10 parts, modified para arrowroot
Powder: 5～8 parts, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate: 1～3 part, micron hollow glass fibre element powder: 2～5 parts,
N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide: 3～5 parts, acrylamide: 1～4 part, kieselguhr: 1～3 part, bonding
Agent: 2～5 parts, acetic acid: 0.1～0.3 part, deionized water is appropriate.
Preferably, described nuclear core fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 50 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate:
25 parts, MAP: 13 parts, potassium chloride: 18 parts, zinc sulfate: 14 parts, humic acids: 5 parts, concavo-convex
Rod soil: 12 parts, EDTA chelated iron: 0.6 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.8 part, EDTA chelated copper: 0.6
Part, humic acid urea ferrum: 0.7 part, humic acids magnesium: 0.7 part, urease inhibitor: 0.7 part, nitrification suppresses
Agent: 0.8 part；Described coating layer includes the composition of following weight portion: chitosan: 25 parts, polyvinyl alcohol: 8
Part, modified tapioca starch: 6 parts, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate: 2 parts, micron hollow glass fibre element powder:
4 parts, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide: 4 parts, acrylamide: 3 parts, kieselguhr: 2 parts, binding agent:
3 parts, acetic acid: 0.2 part, deionized water is appropriate.
Separately having, described nitrification inhibitor is 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphate, 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyrrole
Pyridine, 3,5-dimethyl pyrazole or dicyandiamide.
Again, described urease inhibitor be hydroquinone, N-NBPT, N-butyl thio-phosphamide or
Phosphoric triamide.
Further, the weight ratio between described coating layer and nuclear core fertilizer is 1:8～10.
And, described binding agent is paraffin or Colophonium.
Separately, the preparation method of the described coated slow-release compound fertilizer improving cane planting soil, including walking as follows
Rapid:
1) peplos solution is prepared
Described modified tapioca starch adds deionized water obtain gelatinizing in the stirred in water bath of 60～70 DEG C and form sediment
Powder, adds chitosan in deionized water, adds acetic acid, is warming up to 80～90 DEG C, with 100-200r/min's
Speed insulated and stirred 1～2h, obtains chitosan solution, and the speed with 1～3ml/min is by N, N '-methylene bisacrylamide
Amide, acrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, kieselguhr, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate and binding agent drop to gained
In chitosan solution, obtain mixed liquor, mixed liquor dropped in gelatinized starch with the speed of 3～6ml/min,
Adding micron hollow glass fibre element powder, 10～15min add, and quickly stirring 10～20min is to uniformly, dry
Dry, pulverize, cross 150～200 mesh sieves and obtain peplos solution；
2) nuclear core is prepared fertile
Raw material carbamide is melted through high temperature 120～140 DEG C；By potassium chloride, nitrification inhibitor, urase suppression
After agent mixing, add suitable quantity of water, stir, obtain combination solution standby；By ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid one
Ammonium, zinc sulfate, humic acids, attapulgite, bacillus subtilis, EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelating
Zinc, EDTA chelated copper, humic acid urea ferrum and the mixing of humic acids magnesium, stir, compound molten with gained
Liquid together adds in the carbamide after gained melt process and mixes, and makes pasty material, and temperature controls
100～120 DEG C, shear granulation, it is cooled to 45～65 DEG C after heat exchange, obtains nuclear core fertilizer granule；
3) with spray gun under the pressure of 6.5～10MPa by step 1) in the peplos solution atomization that obtains spraying extremely
Step 2) gained nuclear core fertilizer granule, form coating layer, send into the roller pelletizer with hot-air blower, set and turn
Speed 350～360r/min, temperature 70～80 DEG C, pelletize 40～50min, at 60～90 DEG C, it is dried 2～3h, cooling
Stand-by to room temperature preservation, obtain the described coated slow-release compound fertilizer improving cane planting soil.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
Described implantation methods carries out soaking sterilization process to sugarcane kind, promotes sugarcane kind survival rate and quality, it is achieved sugarcane
The optimization planted, carries out weeding in time in planting process, it is ensured that sugarcane health is grown up, slow-release compound fertilizer bag used
Including nuclear core fertilizer and be coated on the coating layer on nuclear core fertilizer surface, double-decker makes slow release effect become apparent from, logical
Cross urease inhibitor the hydrolysis of carbamide is controlled, limit the speed forming ammonium, control in soil
Ammonium, the concentration of nitrogen, prevent from causing damage because can send out, by nitrite bacteria in nitrification inhibitor regulation soil
Activity with hinder nitrification and denitrification generation, make the nitrogen in soil be present in soil with the form of ammonia,
Fertilizer efficiency is long, and fertilizer effect duration can run through cane planting all the time, it is not necessary to additionally topdresses, and fertilizer efficiency is up to 4～5
Month, meeting cane planting needs, nuclear core is fertile must unit rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc. necessary to sugarcane production
Rich in EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated copper, humic acids urine in element, and nuclear core fertilizer
Plain sheet, the nutrition such as humic acids magnesium unit, chelating form is more conducive to absorb, can effectively promote soil trace element and contain
Amount, improves soil and nutritious sugarcane is worth, and, humic acid urea ferrum, humic acids magnesium is joined with humic acids
Close and use, more can be efficiently modified soil soil property, coating layer uses micron hollow glass fibre element powder, at bag
If forming dry passage on film layer, progressively release nuclear core fertilizer granule, increases fertilizer efficiency period, plant recovery of nutrient further
Height has slow-release compound fertilizer 10～15%, and fertilizer component is friendly to soil, and production cost is low, beneficially city
Field is promoted, good in economic efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following example will assist in this area
Technical staff be further appreciated by the present invention, but limit the present invention the most in any form.It should be pointed out that,
To those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to if making
Dry deformation and improvement.These broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of cane planting method improving sugarcane field soil property of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) wholely, ditching
Select draining paddy field easily, carry out the deep ploughing of a time 35～40cm, break up the clods, it is ensured that after Genging
Earth is in small, broken bits, smooth, opens sugarcane ditch, ditch spacing 1～1.3m, ditch depth 20～30cm,
2) sugarcane kind processes
Select double bud section Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud, soak 12～24h with 12% lime water, pull clear water out and clean, then with diluting
The 50% carbendazol seed soaking 10～15min of 1000 times, clear water is cleaned；
3) fertilising
Every mu of applying improves the coated slow-release compound fertilizer 40～60kg of cane planting soil；
4) plantation
Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud is according in 3800～4200/mu kinds to plantation ditch, and every meter of Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud number of sowing is protected
Demonstrate,prove 10～12 effective buds, Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud length of embedment 15～20cm, the one end having bud is tilted upward, does not has
Diagonally downward, at Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud periphery cover film, the both sides of thin film also seal with broken mud in one end of bud；
5) weeding
Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud plantation after 1～2 day, need to carry out ground envelope grass process, i.e. mu draws with 40% Aunar
Tianjin 150～200g, is watered the 50～60kg anti-weeds in spraying ground；
6) field management
Anti-sugarcane field hydrops, anti-people and animals are residual to step on, and to carry out weeding, deinsectization, training after the neat Seedling of Caulis Sacchari sinensis 3～5 leaf in time
Soil and stripping leaf；
7) gather
Plant 4～start to gather after 5 months.
Further, described Caulis Sacchari sinensis is sugar No. 22 Caulis Sacchari sinensis of platform or sugar No. 24 Caulis Sacchari sinensis of platform.
Separately, the described coated slow-release compound fertilizer improving cane planting soil includes nuclear core fertilizer granule and is coated on this
The coating layer of nuclear core fertilizer particle surface, described nuclear core fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 40～60
Part, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 20～30 parts, MAP: 10～20 parts, potassium chloride: 15～25 parts, sulphuric acid
Zinc: 10～15 parts, humic acids: 1～10 part, attapulgite: 10～15 parts, bacillus subtilis: 1～5
Part, EDTA chelated iron: 0.5～1 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.5～1 part, EDTA chelated copper: 0.5～1
Part, humic acid urea ferrum: 0.5～1 part, humic acids magnesium: 0.5～1 part, urease inhibitor: 0.5～1 part, nitre
Change inhibitor: 0.5～1 part；Described coating layer includes the composition of following weight portion: chitosan: 20～30 parts,
Polyvinyl alcohol: 5～10 parts, modified tapioca starch: 5～10 parts, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate: 1～5 part, micro-
Rice hollow glass fibre element powder: 1～5 part, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide: 1～5 part, acrylamide:
1～5 part, kieselguhr: 1～5 part, binding agent: 1～5 part, acetic acid: 0.1～0.5 part, deionized water is appropriate.
Preferably, described nuclear core fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 40～50 parts, biphosphate
Ammonium: 20～25 parts, MAP: 10～15 parts, potassium chloride: 15～20 parts, zinc sulfate: 13～15 parts, rotten
Phytic acid: 5～10 parts, attapulgite: 10～13 parts, EDTA chelated iron: 0.5～0.8 part, EDTA chelates
Zinc: 0.7～1 part, EDTA chelated copper: 0.5～0.7 part, humic acid urea ferrum: 0.5～0.8 part, humic acids
Magnesium: 0.6～0.8 part, urease inhibitor: 0.5～0.8 part, nitrification inhibitor: 0.7～1 part；Described coating layer bag
Include the composition of following weight portion: chitosan: 20～25 parts, polyvinyl alcohol: 6～10 parts, modified para arrowroot
Powder: 5～8 parts, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate: 1～3 part, micron hollow glass fibre element powder: 2～5 parts,
N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide: 3～5 parts, acrylamide: 1～4 part, kieselguhr: 1～3 part, bonding
Agent: 2～5 parts, acetic acid: 0.1～0.3 part, deionized water is appropriate.
Preferably, described nuclear core fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 50 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate:
25 parts, MAP: 13 parts, potassium chloride: 18 parts, zinc sulfate: 14 parts, humic acids: 5 parts, concavo-convex
Rod soil: 12 parts, EDTA chelated iron: 0.6 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.8 part, EDTA chelated copper: 0.6
Part, humic acid urea ferrum: 0.7 part, humic acids magnesium: 0.7 part, urease inhibitor: 0.7 part, nitrification suppresses
Agent: 0.8 part；Described coating layer includes the composition of following weight portion: chitosan: 25 parts, polyvinyl alcohol: 8
Part, modified tapioca starch: 6 parts, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate: 2 parts, micron hollow glass fibre element powder:
4 parts, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide: 4 parts, acrylamide: 3 parts, kieselguhr: 2 parts, binding agent:
3 parts, acetic acid: 0.2 part, deionized water is appropriate.
Separately having, described nitrification inhibitor is 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphate, 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyrrole
Pyridine, 3,5-dimethyl pyrazole or dicyandiamide.
Again, described urease inhibitor be hydroquinone, N-NBPT, N-butyl thio-phosphamide or
Phosphoric triamide.
Further, the weight ratio between described coating layer and nuclear core fertilizer is 1:8～10.
And, described binding agent is paraffin or Colophonium.
Separately, the preparation method of the described coated slow-release compound fertilizer improving cane planting soil, including walking as follows
Rapid:
1) peplos solution is prepared
Described modified tapioca starch adds deionized water obtain gelatinizing in the stirred in water bath of 60～70 DEG C and form sediment
Powder, adds chitosan in deionized water, adds acetic acid, is warming up to 80～90 DEG C, with 100-200r/min's
Speed insulated and stirred 1～2h, obtains chitosan solution, and the speed with 1～3ml/min is by N, N '-methylene bisacrylamide
Amide, acrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, kieselguhr, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate and binding agent drop to gained
In chitosan solution, obtain mixed liquor, mixed liquor dropped in gelatinized starch with the speed of 3～6ml/min,
Adding micron hollow glass fibre element powder, 10～15min add, and quickly stirring 10～20min is to uniformly, dry
Dry, pulverize, cross 150～200 mesh sieves and obtain peplos solution；
2) nuclear core is prepared fertile
Raw material carbamide is melted through high temperature 120～140 DEG C；By potassium chloride, nitrification inhibitor, urase suppression
After agent mixing, add suitable quantity of water, stir, obtain combination solution standby；By ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid one
Ammonium, zinc sulfate, humic acids, attapulgite, bacillus subtilis, EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelating
Zinc, EDTA chelated copper, humic acid urea ferrum and the mixing of humic acids magnesium, stir, compound molten with gained
Liquid together adds in the carbamide after gained melt process and mixes, and makes pasty material, and temperature controls
100～120 DEG C, shear granulation, it is cooled to 45～65 DEG C after heat exchange, obtains nuclear core fertilizer granule；
3) with spray gun under the pressure of 6.5～10MPa by step 1) in the peplos solution atomization that obtains spraying extremely
Step 2) gained nuclear core fertilizer granule, form coating layer, send into the roller pelletizer with hot-air blower, set and turn
Speed 350～360r/min, temperature 70～80 DEG C, pelletize 40～50min, at 60～90 DEG C, it is dried 2～3h, cooling
Stand-by to room temperature preservation, obtain the described coated slow-release compound fertilizer improving cane planting soil.
Wherein, a kind of cane planting improving sugarcane field soil property that table 1 is provided by various embodiments of the present invention
The ingredient lists that in the coated slow-release compound fertilizer of cane planting soil, nuclear core is fertile is improved used by method.Table 2 is this
Invent the one-tenth of coating layer in a kind of coated slow-release compound fertilizer improving cane planting soil that each embodiment is provided
Divide list.Table 3 is to use a kind of coated slow-release compound fertilizer improving cane planting soil provided by the present invention
Contrast before and after rear sugarcane field soil soil property key parameter.Table 4 improves Caulis Sacchari sinensis kind for one provided by the present invention
Plant the coated slow-release compound fertilizer cumulative leaching rate list Static Water N of 25 DEG C of soil.
Table 1 (unit: weight portion)
Table 2 (unit: weight portion)
Table 3
Table 4
A kind of cane planting method improving sugarcane field soil property provided by the present invention, described implantation methods pair
Sugarcane kind carries out soaking sterilization process, promotes sugarcane kind survival rate and quality, it is achieved the optimization of sugarcane kind, planting process
In carry out weeding in time, it is ensured that sugarcane health is grown up, and slow-release compound fertilizer used includes that nuclear core is fertile and is coated on core
The coating layer on core fertilizer surface, double-decker makes slow release effect become apparent from, by urease inhibitor to carbamide
Hydrolysis be controlled, limit the speed forming ammonium, control ammonium, the concentration of nitrogen in soil, prevent because of
Can send out and cause damage, by the activity of nitrite bacteria in nitrification inhibitor regulation soil to hinder nitrification with anti-
The generation of nitrification, makes the nitrogen in soil be present in soil with the form of ammonia, and fertilizer efficiency is long, and fertilizer effect duration can
Running through cane planting all the time, it is not necessary to additionally topdress, fertilizer efficiency, up to 4～5 months, meets cane planting needs,
Nuclear core is fertile rich in the necessary element of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc. necessary to sugarcane production, and rich in EDTA in nuclear core fertilizer
Chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated copper, humic acid urea ferrum, the nutrition such as humic acids magnesium unit,
Chelating form is more conducive to absorb, and can effectively promote microelement contents of soil, improves soil and nutritious sugarcane valency
Value, and, humic acid urea ferrum, humic acids magnesium and humic acids with the use of, more can be efficiently modified soil
Soil property, uses micron hollow glass fibre element powder in coating layer, if forming dry passage on coating layer, progressively
Release nuclear core fertilizer granule, increases fertilizer efficiency period further, and plant recovery of nutrient height has slow-release compound fertilizer
10～15%, fertilizer component is friendly to soil, and production cost is low, beneficially marketing, good in economic efficiency.
It should be noted that above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted.Although
With reference to preferred embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that,
The technical scheme of invention can be modified or equivalent, without deviating from the model of technical solution of the present invention
Enclosing, it all should be contained in scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (10)
1. the cane planting method that can improve sugarcane field soil property, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Wholely, ditching
Select draining paddy field easily, carry out the deep ploughing of a 35 ~ 40cm, break up the clods, it is ensured that the earth after Genging is in small, broken bits, smooth, open sugarcane ditch, ditch spacing 1 ~ 1.3m, ditch depth 20 ~ 30cm,
Sugarcane kind processes
Select double bud section Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud, soak 12 ~ 24h with 12% lime water, pull clear water out and clean, then with diluting the 50% carbendazol seed soaking 10 ~ 15min of 1000 times, clear water is cleaned；
Fertilising
Every mu of applying improves the coated slow-release compound fertilizer 40 ~ 60kg of cane planting soil；
Plantation
Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud is according in 3800 ~ 4200/mu kinds to plantation ditch, every meter of Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud number of sowing ensures 10 ~ 12 effective buds, Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud length of embedment 15 ~ 20cm, the one end having bud is tilted upward, there is no one end of bud diagonally downward, at Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud periphery cover film, the both sides of thin film also seal with broken mud；
Weeding
After the plantation of Caulis Sacchari sinensis bud 1 ~ 2 day, need to carry out ground envelope grass and process, i.e. mu with 40% G-30027 150 ~ 200g, is watered 50 ~ 60 kg and sprays the anti-weeds in ground；
Field management
Anti-sugarcane field hydrops, anti-people and animals are residual to step on, and to carry out weeding, deinsectization in time, earth up and shell leaf after Caulis Sacchari sinensis neat Seedling 3 ~ 5 leaf；
Gather
Start to gather after planting 4 ~ 5 months.
A kind of cane planting method improving sugarcane field soil property the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Caulis Sacchari sinensis is sugar No. 22 Caulis Sacchari sinensis of platform or sugar No. 24 Caulis Sacchari sinensis of platform.
nullA kind of cane planting method improving sugarcane field soil property the most according to claim 1，It is characterized in that，The described coated slow-release compound fertilizer improving cane planting soil includes nuclear core fertilizer granule and is coated on the coating layer of this nuclear core fertilizer particle surface，Described nuclear core fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 40 ~ 60 parts，Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 20 ~ 30 parts，MAP: 10 ~ 20 parts，Potassium chloride: 15 ~ 25 parts，Zinc sulfate: 10 ~ 15 parts，Humic acids: 1 ~ 10 part，Attapulgite: 10 ~ 15 parts，Bacillus subtilis: 1 ~ 5 part，EDTA chelated iron: 0.5 ~ 1 part，EDTA chelated zinc: 0.5 ~ 1 part，EDTA chelated copper: 0.5 ~ 1 part，Humic acid urea ferrum: 0.5 ~ 1 part，Humic acids magnesium: 0.5 ~ 1 part，Urease inhibitor: 0.5 ~ 1 part，Nitrification inhibitor: 0.5 ~ 1 part；Described coating layer includes the composition of following weight portion: chitosan: 20 ~ 30 parts, polyvinyl alcohol: 5 ~ 10 parts, modified tapioca starch: 5 ~ 10 parts, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate: 1 ~ 5 part, micron hollow glass fibre element powder: 1 ~ 5 part, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide: 1 ~ 5 part, acrylamide: 1 ~ 5 part, kieselguhr: 1 ~ 5 part, binding agent: 1 ~ 5 part, acetic acid: 0.1 ~ 0.5 part, deionized water is appropriate.
A kind of cane planting method improving sugarcane field soil property the most according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described nuclear core fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 40 ~ 50 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 20 ~ 25 parts, MAP: 10 ~ 15 parts, potassium chloride: 15 ~ 20 parts, zinc sulfate: 13 ~ 15 parts, humic acids: 5 ~ 10 parts, attapulgite: 10 ~ 13 parts, EDTA chelated iron: 0.5 ~ 0.8 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.7 ~ 1 part, EDTA chelated copper: 0.5 ~ 0.7 part, humic acid urea ferrum: 0.5 ~ 0.8 part, humic acids magnesium: 0.6 ~ 0.8 part, urease inhibitor: 0.5 ~ 0.8 part, nitrification inhibitor: 0.7 ~ 1 part；Described coating layer includes the composition of following weight portion: chitosan: 20 ~ 25 parts, polyvinyl alcohol: 6 ~ 10 parts, modified tapioca starch: 5 ~ 8 parts, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate: 1 ~ 3 part, micron hollow glass fibre element powder: 2 ~ 5 parts, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide: 3 ~ 5 parts, acrylamide: 1 ~ 4 part, kieselguhr: 1 ~ 3 part, binding agent: 2 ~ 5 parts, acetic acid: 0.1 ~ 0.3 part, deionized water is appropriate.
A kind of cane planting method improving sugarcane field soil property the most according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described nuclear core fertilizer includes the composition of following weight portion: carbamide: 50 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate: 25 parts, MAP: 13 parts, potassium chloride: 18 parts, zinc sulfate: 14 parts, humic acids: 5 parts, attapulgite: 12 parts, EDTA chelated iron: 0.6 part, EDTA chelated zinc: 0.8 part, EDTA chelated copper: 0.6 part, humic acid urea ferrum: 0.7 part, humic acids magnesium: 0.7 part, urease inhibitor: 0.7 part, nitrification inhibitor: 0.8 part；Described coating layer includes the composition of following weight portion: chitosan: 25 parts, polyvinyl alcohol: 8 parts, modified tapioca starch: 6 parts, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate: 2 parts, micron hollow glass fibre element powder: 4 parts, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide: 4 parts, acrylamide: 3 parts, kieselguhr: 2 parts, binding agent: 3 parts, acetic acid: 0.2 part, deionized water is appropriate.
6. according to a kind of cane planting method improving sugarcane field soil property according to any one of claim 3 ~ 5, it is characterized in that, described nitrification inhibitor is 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphate, 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine, 3，5-dimethylpyrazole or dicyandiamide.
7. according to a kind of cane planting method improving sugarcane field soil property according to any one of claim 3 ~ 5, it is characterised in that described urease inhibitor is hydroquinone, N-NBPT, N-butyl thio-phosphamide or phosphoric triamide.
8. according to a kind of cane planting method improving sugarcane field soil property according to any one of claim 3 ~ 5, it is characterised in that the weight ratio between described coating layer and nuclear core fertilizer is 1:8 ~ 10.
9. according to a kind of cane planting method improving sugarcane field soil property according to any one of claim 3 ~ 5, it is characterised in that described binding agent is paraffin or Colophonium.
10., according to a kind of cane planting method improving sugarcane field soil property according to any one of claim 1,3 ~ 5, it is characterised in that the preparation method of the described coated slow-release compound fertilizer improving cane planting soil, comprise the steps:
Prepare peplos solution
Described modified tapioca starch is added deionized water and obtains gelatinized starch in the stirred in water bath of 60 ~ 70 DEG C, chitosan is added in deionized water, add acetic acid, it is warming up to 80 ~ 90 DEG C, speed insulated and stirred 1 ~ 2h with 100-200r/min, obtain chitosan solution, with the speed of 1 ~ 3ml/min by N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, acrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, kieselguhr, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate and binding agent drop in gained chitosan solution, obtain mixed liquor, mixed liquor is dropped in gelatinized starch with the speed of 3 ~ 6ml/min, add micron hollow glass fibre element powder, 10 ~ 15min adds, quickly stirring 10 ~ 20min is to uniformly, it is dried, pulverize, cross 150 ~ 200 mesh sieves and obtain peplos solution；
Preparation nuclear core is fertile
Raw material carbamide is melted through high temperature 120 ~ 140 DEG C；After potassium chloride, nitrification inhibitor, urease inhibitor mixing, add suitable quantity of water, stir, obtain combination solution standby；Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, MAP, zinc sulfate, humic acids, attapulgite, bacillus subtilis, EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated copper, humic acid urea ferrum and humic acids magnesium are mixed, stir, together add in the carbamide after gained melt process with gained combination solution and mix, make pasty material, temperature controls at 100 ~ 120 DEG C, shear granulation, is cooled to 45 ~ 65 DEG C after heat exchange, obtain nuclear core fertilizer granule；
With spray gun under the pressure of 6.5 ~ 10MPa by step 1) in the peplos solution atomization that obtains and spray to step 2) gained nuclear core fertilizer granule; form coating layer; send into the roller pelletizer with hot-air blower; setting speed 350 ~ 360r/min; temperature 70 ~ 80 DEG C, pelletize 40 ~ 50min, at 60 ~ 90 DEG C, it is dried 2 ~ 3h; it is cooled to room temperature preservation stand-by, obtains the described coated slow-release compound fertilizer improving cane planting soil.
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| CN107027467A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-08-11 | 广西壮族自治区武宣种畜场 | A kind of implantation methods that can improve soil property, improve planting sugarcane yield |
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