CN105848952A - 用于农业车辆的内燃机的进气导管 - Google Patents

用于农业车辆的内燃机的进气导管 Download PDF

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CN105848952A
CN105848952A CN201480069598.8A CN201480069598A CN105848952A CN 105848952 A CN105848952 A CN 105848952A CN 201480069598 A CN201480069598 A CN 201480069598A CN 105848952 A CN105848952 A CN 105848952A
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air induction
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CN105848952B (zh
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L·博世
F·佩肖内
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Keisnew Netherlands Industrial Harbin Machinery Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/08—Air inlets for cooling; Shutters or blinds therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B76/00—Parts, details or accessories of agricultural machines or implements, not provided for in groups A01B51/00 - A01B75/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/06—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with air cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K13/00—Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units
    • B60K13/02—Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units concerning intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • F02B29/0412—Multiple heat exchangers arranged in parallel or in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/02—Air cleaners
    • F02M35/04—Air cleaners specially arranged with respect to engine, to intake system or specially adapted to vehicle; Mounting thereon ; Combinations with other devices
    • F02M35/042—Air cleaners specially arranged with respect to engine, to intake system or specially adapted to vehicle; Mounting thereon ; Combinations with other devices combined with other devices, e.g. heaters ; for use other than engine air intake cleaning, e.g. air intake filters arranged in the fuel vapour recovery system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/02—Air cleaners
    • F02M35/04—Air cleaners specially arranged with respect to engine, to intake system or specially adapted to vehicle; Mounting thereon ; Combinations with other devices
    • F02M35/048—Arranging or mounting on or with respect to engines or vehicle bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/16—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines characterised by use in vehicles
    • F02M35/164—Heavy duty vehicles, e.g. trucks, trains, agricultural or construction machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/20—Off-Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/22—Agricultural vehicles
    • B60Y2200/221—Tractors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

公开了一种具有发动机舱的农业车辆。冷却组件被安装在发动机舱的前端附近，所述冷却组件包括在运行位置和清洁位置之间能够相对于彼此移动的热交换器(16，18)。发动机被安装在发动机舱的后端附近。在本发明中，发动机装配有进气导管(26)，所述进气导管从发动机通向发动机舱的前端，以允许在旁通冷却组件时接收进气进入发动机，并且由此避免发动机进气被加热。进气导管(26)被铰接成不会妨碍冷却组件的热交换器(16，18)在运行位置和清洁位置之间的移动。

Description

用于农业车辆的内燃机的进气导管
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于农业车辆的内燃机的进气导管。
背景技术
农业车辆，比如拖拉机，通常在铰接罩(hinged hood)下方具有被定位在发动机舱的前端处的大散热器，以便冷却发动机冷却剂。此外，另外的热交换器，比如进气中间冷却器或者油冷器可以被定位在发动机冷却剂散热器的前方。组合地，这些不同的热交换器将在本文中被称作冷却组件。
在它们之间，冷却组件的热交换器释放相当多的热量。期望能确保由冷却组件散发的热量不会加热发动机的进气，因为这将降低发动机的效率。为此，先前已经在US2004/262061中提出将发动机舱设计成提供旁通路径，所述旁通路径使得被允许通过罩中的格栅进入发动机舱的进气在不被冷却组件加热的情形下能够到达发动机。
农业车辆经常在空气中悬浮有灰尘和其他颗粒物质的环境内运行，并且因此冷却组件易于堵塞。为此，为了使冷却组件能够被清洁，所以热交换器经常相对于彼此被可移动地安装。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于在不会妨碍将被移动到能够对冷却组件进行清洁的位置处的冷却组件的热交换器的能力的情形下，仍然使农业车辆的发动机能够从离发动机舱的前端尽可能近的地方吸入空气，以避免进气被冷却组件加热。
根据本发明，提供了一种农业车辆，其具有：发动机舱；安装在发动机舱的前端附近的冷却组件，该冷却组件包括在运行位置和清洁位置之间能够相对于彼此移动的热交换器；以及安装在发动机舱的后端附近的发动机，其特征在于，发动机装配有进气导管，该进气导管从发动机通向发动机舱的前端，以允许在旁通冷却组件时接收进气进入发动机，并且由此避免发动机进气被加热，进气导管被铰接以适应冷却组件的热交换器在运行位置和清洁位置之间的移动。
在本发明的实施例中，进气导管由能够相对于彼此枢转的两个刚性部段(section)形成，这两个部段中的第一部段被固定地安装在发动机舱中，且第二部段是能枢转的，以适应冷却组件的热交换器在运行位置和清洁位置之间的移动。
第二部段可以是弹簧偏压部段，以便随着冷却组件的热交换器返回到运行位置而自动地返回到进气导管的运行位置。
重要的是将进气导管设计成最小化进气的流动阻力。特别地，优选的是进气导管的内表面是光滑的。
由于进气导管的前端可以定位成非常靠近发动机舱的罩中的格栅，因此水有可能会进入进气导管。为了避免这样的水进入发动机进气系统的情形，期望的是在进气导管的下壁中形成台阶部，以在朝向发动机流动的水流路径中起到堤坝的作用，并且在台阶部的底部处设有排水孔。堤坝的高度也应该被最小化以避免妨碍进气。
附图说明
参考附图，现在将通过实例进一步描述本发明，其中：
图1是具有降低的罩和处于其运行位置中的冷却组件的发动机舱的内部的侧视图，
图2是与图1的侧视图相似的侧视图，其具有升起的罩和处于清洁位置中的冷却组件，以及
图3是图1和图2中的进气导管的透视分解图。
具体实施方式
在图1中，拖拉机的前端被图示为具有向下以闭合发动机舱的罩。罩在它的前端处具有格栅，以允许发动机进气进入发动机舱中。发动机被布置在发动机舱的后端处并且在附图中没有被图示。
冷却组件被安装在发动机前方的发动机舱中。冷却组件包括发动机冷却剂散热器16、进气中间冷却器18和A/C冷凝器20。中间冷却器18由支架22支撑在散热器上以使其能够从图1中所示的闭合的运行位置移动到图2中所示的敞开的清洁位置。通向中间冷却器18的软管(未图示)是柔性的，从而不会妨碍中间冷却器的移动。
由于拖拉机经常在不利的环境中运行，这会导致碎屑阻塞冷却组件中的气流通道，因此出现了要将中间冷却器18重新定位到清洁位置的需求。
传统地，发动机进气从发动机舱中的某一位置被抽吸到冷却组件的后部。这导致进气通过由冷却组件的各种热交换器排出的热量而被加热。然而，由于这样降低了发动机效率，因此进气的这种加热是不理想的。
为了缓解该问题，在本发明图解的实施例中，发动机的进气管24装配有导管26(也被称为通气管)，该导管起到延伸部的作用，该延伸部旁通冷却组件并且直接从紧邻发动机舱的罩10中的格栅的位置吸入新鲜的冷空气。进气导管26被支架30紧固到发动机冷却剂散热器16的顶部，或者在其他实施例中用夹具将进气导管26固定在空气过滤嘴上并且进一步地由散热器30的顶部上的泡沫密封件进行支撑。
在通气管26被形成为单件式的刚性部件的情况下，其具有图1中所示的形状，以占据在罩10的内表面和冷却组件之间的大部分空间，那么它将妨碍中间冷却器18的铰接以及它到图2中所示的清洁位置的移动。为了避免这个问题，在本发明的图解实施例中的导管26是铰接的，其由绕着枢转销26c相对于彼此可枢转的两个部段26a和26b形成，该枢转销被布置成在导管26的每一侧上都有一个。部段26a是固定的并且由支架30紧固到冷却剂散热器16上。部段26b(如在图3中最佳图示的)被弹簧26e向下偏置抵靠中间冷却器18的顶部，在某种意义上它起作用以使部段26b相对于部段26a顺时针旋转，如在附图中所示的那样。当中间冷却器18被移动到它的清洁位置时，弹簧26e(其被布置成在导管26的每一侧上都有一个)使得部段26b能够绕着销26c反时针枢转。在中间冷却器18返回到运行位置时，弹簧26e促使第二部段26b自动地跟随中间冷却器18的移动。
这样，导管26使清洁的新鲜空气能够从格栅12的附近被吸到发动机中，而不会被冷却组件加热并且不会妨碍中间冷却器18在运行位置和清洁位置之间的移动。
由于导管26的嘴部被定位得非常靠近格栅12，所以雨水可能会进入导管26的前端。为了避免这样的水到达发动机的情形，由两个初始分离的零件组成的部段26a具有下壁26g，该下壁形成有竖立的台阶部26d，该台阶部起到堤坝的作用。排水孔26f使得在堤坝前方收集的水能够被排出，而且台阶部26d的几何形状能够确保只有很少的发动机进气通过排水孔26f被吸入或者没有发动机进气通过排水孔26f被吸入。

Claims (5)

1.一种农业车辆，所述农业车辆具有：发动机舱；安装在发动机舱的前端附近的冷却组件，所述冷却组件包括在运行位置和清洁位置之间能够相对于彼此移动的热交换器(16，18)；以及安装在发动机舱的后端附近的发动机，其特征在于，发动机装配有进气导管(26)，所述进气导管从发动机通向发动机舱的前端，以允许在旁通冷却组件时接收进气进入发动机，并且由此避免发动机进气被加热，进气导管(26)被铰接以适应冷却组件的热交换器(16，18)在运行位置和清洁位置之间的移动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的农业车辆，其特征在于，进气导管(26)由能够相对于彼此枢转的两个刚性部段(26a，26b)形成，这两个部段中的第一部段(26a)被固定地安装在发动机舱中，且第二部段(26b)是能枢转的，以适应冷却组件的热交换器(16，18)在运行位置和清洁位置之间的移动。
3.根据权利要求2所述的农业车辆，其特征在于，第二部段是弹簧偏压部段(26d)，以便随着冷却组件的热交换器(16，18)返回到运行位置而自动地返回到进气导管的运行位置。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农业车辆，其特征在于，进气导管的内表面是光滑的，以便最小化对沿着进气导管的气流的阻力。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的农业车辆，其特征在于，在进气导管(26)的下壁(26g)中形成台阶部(26e)以在朝向发动机流动的水流路径中起到堤坝的作用，并且在台阶部的底部处设有排水孔(26f)。
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IT000347A ITMO20130347A1 (it) 2013-12-17 2013-12-17 Condotto di aspirazione aria per un motore a combustione interna di un veicolo agricolo.
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CN113580884A (zh) * 2021-08-23 2021-11-02 山西省农业机械发展中心 一种发动机冷却结构

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DE102016117058A1 (de) 2016-09-12 2018-03-15 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Mehrteilige Luftführung für ein Kraftfahrzeug, Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Luftführung und Kraftfahrzeug mit einer solchen Luftführung
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US10093170B2 (en) 2018-10-09
US20160318386A1 (en) 2016-11-03
EP3083308A1 (en) 2016-10-26
EP3083308B1 (en) 2019-08-07
BR112016013677B1 (pt) 2023-02-28
WO2015091224A1 (en) 2015-06-25
ITMO20130347A1 (it) 2015-06-18

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