CN105820510B - 一种适于真空灌注工艺的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种适于真空灌注工艺的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种适于真空灌注工艺的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料及其制备方法,包括分别制备的环氧组合物A组分和固化剂B组分,环氧组合物A组分包括环氧树脂,1,6己二醇二缩水甘油醚和丙烯腈‑异戊二烯共聚物;固化剂B组分包括四甲基哌啶胺,孟烷二胺和聚醚胺。环氧树脂A组份和固化剂B组分的重量比为100:40,本发明的适于真空灌注工艺的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料不仅能够降低体系的粘度,而且能够降低体系的固化放热温度,同时也增加了体系的韧性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种环氧树脂配方料及其制备方法,具体涉及一种适于真空灌注工艺的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料及其制备方法。
背景技术
真空灌注是生产纤维增强树脂基复合材料的一个重要工艺,是一种新型的复合材料低成本, 高性能成型技术。它是在真空条件下,利用树脂的流动、渗透实现对纤维及其织物的浸渍,并在真空下固化的成型方法。这种工艺适用于质量要求高,批量小和尺寸较大的制品。其优点包括: 1. 更好的纤维-树脂比率 7:3 (手糊6:4)更高的纤维比例,更高强度。2. 浪费的树脂更少,树脂用量变得容易预测,减少浪费,降低成本。3. 铺层作业没有时间限制。手糊时,凝胶时间有限制,操作时间上有限制,真空灌注对铺层时间没有限制。4. 环境清洁,真空灌注相对手糊要清洁。作业时不用刷子或毛滚,不存在胶液飞溅。纤维布不需要预浸,树脂气味挥发很少。
真空灌注工艺已成在航天和国防领域,广泛应用在飞机、无人机上。如大飞机的蒙皮,飞机翼梁等。在船舶制造业中,已应用在潜艇壁板上。另外,真空灌注工艺一直是国际上风电叶片生产商主流生产工艺,不仅可以缩短生产周期而且又能保证产品质量的稳定性。树脂的选择(1)粘度要求合适:粘度太大,成型制品不易均匀布满模腔。(2)固化放热峰温度不宜过高,抽真空成型较大较厚的制品,放热峰温度过高,局部热量不易散出,易产生焦化。(3)适宜的可操作时间和固化时间:可操作时间尽量要长,如果可操作时间太短,导致在灌注过程中发生凝胶;固化时间的尽量要短,短的固化时间有利于缩短工作周期。(4)物理性能:所选的树脂应具有较好的力学性能,断裂韧性要好。
但是,现有技术中的真空灌注工艺的环氧树脂体系的粘度大,固化放热温度高,力学韧性差。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的缺陷,提供一种适于真空灌注工艺的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料及其制备方法,本发明不仅能够降低体系的粘度,而且能够降低体系的固化放热温度。同时也增加了体系的韧性。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种适于真空灌注工艺的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料,包括环氧组合物A组分和固化剂B组分,所述环氧组合物A组分包括双酚A环氧树脂,1,6己二醇二缩水甘油醚和丙烯腈-异戊二烯共聚物;所述固化剂B组分包括四甲基哌啶胺。
优选地,所述固化剂B组分还包括孟烷二胺和聚醚胺。
优选地,所述环氧组合物A组分中双酚A环氧树脂,1,6己二醇二缩水甘油醚和丙烯腈-异戊二烯共聚物的重量比为80〜95:5〜20:3〜8,所述固化剂B组分中孟烷二胺,聚醚胺和四甲基哌啶胺的重量比为25〜45:40〜55:5〜20,所述环氧树脂A组份和固化剂B组分的重量比为100:35〜50。进一步优选地,所述环氧树脂A组份和固化剂B组分的重量比为100:40。
一种适于真空灌注工艺的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料的制备方法,包括步骤:
(1)按重量比称取双酚A环氧树脂,1,6己二醇二缩水甘油醚和丙烯腈-异戊二烯共聚物,并将双酚A环氧树脂,1,6己二醇二缩水甘油醚和丙烯腈-异戊二烯共聚物混合、搅拌均匀,得到环氧组合物A组份;优选地搅拌时间不少于40min,,
(2)按重量比称取孟烷二胺,聚醚胺和四甲基哌啶胺,然后在反应釜中加入孟烷二胺,聚醚胺和四甲基哌啶胺,搅拌均匀,得到固化剂B组份;优选地搅拌时间不少于30min。
(3)使用时,将环氧组合物A组份和固化剂B组份按重量比混合均匀。
本发明所达到的有益效果:
本发明的适于真空灌注工艺的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料不仅能够降低体系的粘度,而且能够降低体系的固化放热温度,同时也增加了体系的韧性。制备方法也简单,方便。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例一:
用于真空灌注成型的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料中A组份的制备:双酚A环氧树脂85份,1,6己二醇二缩水甘油醚10份,丙烯腈-异戊二烯共聚物5份,搅拌均匀40分钟。
用于真空灌注成型的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料中B组份的制备:在反应釜中加入40份的孟烷二胺、50份聚醚胺、10份四甲基哌啶胺,搅拌均匀30分钟,得到最终产物。
在25℃条件下,A组份和B组份以100 :40配比配制,混合均勻后,测定粘度为720cps(25℃);固化放热温度峰值为172℃(以100克为标准);经真空灌注成型,混合物完全固化,制品表面光滑,内部无气泡等缺陷,断裂韧性K1c 1.12MPa1/2 ,断裂能G1c 345J/m2 ,其他性能均达标。
实施例2
用于真空灌注成型的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料中A组份的制备:双酚A环氧树脂90份,1,6己二醇二缩水甘油醚8份,丙烯腈-异戊二烯共聚物2份,搅拌均匀40分钟。
用于真空灌注成型的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料中B组份的制备:在反应釜中加入35份的孟烷二胺、50份聚醚胺、15份四甲基哌啶胺,搅拌均匀30分钟,得到最终产物。
在25℃条件下,A组份和B组份以100 :40配比配制,混合均勻后,测定粘度为680cps(25℃);固化放热温度峰值为160℃(以100克为标准);经真空灌注成型,混合物完全固化,制品表面光滑,内部无气泡等缺陷,断裂韧性K1c0.98MPa1/2 ,断裂能G1c 295J/m2 ,其他性能均达标。
实施例3
用于真空灌注成型的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料中A组份的制备:双酚A环氧树脂88份,1,6己二醇二缩水甘油醚8份,丙烯腈-异戊二烯共聚物4份,搅拌均匀40分钟。
用于真空灌注成型的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料中B组份的制备:在反应釜中加入30份的孟烷二胺、55份聚醚胺、15份四甲基哌啶胺,搅拌均匀30分钟,得到最终产物。
在25℃条件下,A组份和B组份以100 :40配比配制,混合均勻后,测定粘度为693cps(25℃);固化放热温度峰值为158℃(以100克为标准);经真空灌注成型,混合物完全固化,制品表面光滑,内部无气泡等缺陷,断裂韧性K1c 1.18MPa1/2 ,断裂能G1c 352J/m2 ,其他性能均达标。
对比例一:
用于真空灌注成型的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料中A组份的制备:双酚A环氧树脂85份,1,6己二醇二缩水甘油醚10份,丙烯腈-异戊二烯共聚物5份,搅拌均匀40分钟。
用于真空灌注成型的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料中B组份的制备:在反应釜中加入45份的孟烷二胺、55份聚醚胺,搅拌均匀30分钟,得到最终产物。
在25℃条件下,A组份和B组份以100 :40配比配制,混合均勻后,测定粘度为660cps(25℃);固化放热温度峰值为222℃(以100克为标准);经真空灌注成型,混合物完全固化,制品表面光滑,内部无气泡等缺陷,断裂韧性K1c 0.95MPa1/2 ,断裂能G1c 253J/m2 ,其他性能均达标。
对比例二:
用于真空灌注成型的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料中A组份的制备:双酚A环氧树脂90份,1,6己二醇二缩水甘油醚10份,搅拌均匀40分钟。
用于真空灌注成型的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料中B组份的制备:在反应釜中加入40份的孟烷二胺、50份聚醚胺、10份四甲基哌啶胺,搅拌均匀30分钟,得到最终产物。
在25℃条件下,A组份和B组份以100 :40配比配制,混合均勻后,测定粘度为825cps(25℃);固化放热温度峰值为172℃(以100克为标准);经真空灌注成型,混合物完全固化,制品表面光滑,内部无气泡等缺陷,断裂韧性K1c 0.56MPa1/2 ,断裂能G1c 79J/m2 ,其他性能均达标。
上述实验表明,本发明的用于真空灌注成型的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料,具有粘度低,固化放热温度低,固化物韧性好,能够应用于风电、航空和国防等高性能领域。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变形,这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种适于真空灌注工艺的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料,其特征在于,包括环氧组合物A组分和固化剂B组分,所述环氧组合物A组分包括双酚A环氧树脂,1,6己二醇二缩水甘油醚和丙烯腈-异戊二烯共聚物;所述固化剂B组分包括四甲基哌啶胺,所述固化剂B组分还包括孟烷二胺和聚醚胺。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种适于真空灌注工艺的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料,其特征在于,所述环氧组合物A组分中双酚A环氧树脂,1,6己二醇二缩水甘油醚和丙烯腈-异戊二烯共聚物的重量比为80~95:5~20:3~8,所述固化剂B组分中孟烷二胺,聚醚胺和四甲基哌啶胺的重量比为25~45:40~55:5~20,所述环氧树脂A组份和固化剂B组分的重量比为 100:35~50。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种适于真空灌注工艺的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料,其特征在于,所述环氧树脂A组份和固化剂B组分的重量比为100:40。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种适于真空灌注工艺的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括步骤:
(1)按重量比称取双酚A环氧树脂,1,6己二醇二缩水甘油醚和丙烯腈-异戊二烯共聚物,并将双酚A环氧树脂,1,6己二醇二缩水甘油醚和丙烯腈-异戊二烯共聚物混合、搅拌均匀,得到环氧组合物A组份;
(2)按重量比称取孟烷二胺,聚醚胺和四甲基哌啶胺,然后在反应釜中加入孟烷二胺,聚醚胺和四甲基哌啶胺,搅拌均匀,得到固化剂B组份;
(3)使用时,将环氧组合物A组份和固化剂B组份按重量比混合均匀。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种适于真空灌注工艺的韧性低放热环氧树脂配方料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中搅拌时间不少于40min,步骤(2)中搅拌时间不少于30min。
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