CN105815278A - Earthworm breeding method - Google Patents
Earthworm breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105815278A CN105815278A CN201610167752.6A CN201610167752A CN105815278A CN 105815278 A CN105815278 A CN 105815278A CN 201610167752 A CN201610167752 A CN 201610167752A CN 105815278 A CN105815278 A CN 105815278A
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- earthworm
- culture method
- lumbricus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
Abstract
The invention relates to an earthworm breeding method. The method comprises the following steps: A, preparing breeding materials; B, constructing an earthworm bed; C, throwing seedlings; D, supplementing materials; E, harvesting. By adopting the method, the survival rate of earthworms is increased remarkably. Compared with the prior art, the earthworm breeding method has the advantages that the propagation rate of the earthworms bred with the method is increased by 29.89 percent, and the death rate is lowered by 51.92 percent. Meanwhile, the quality of the earthworms is improved through the method. Compared with the prior art, the earthworm breeding method also has the advantages that the lengths of the earthworms bred with the method are increased by 20 percent, the average body weight is increased by 17.09 percent, and the protein content is increased by 15.91 percent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cultivation field, be specifically related to a kind of earthworm culture method.
Background technology
Lumbricus is also known as Pheretima, and it is cold in nature, salty in the mouth, has effect of heat clearing away, spasmolytic, Zhichuan, diuresis.Lumbricus is the important sources of the animal protein of poultry farming, freshwater fish culturing feedstuff.Vermiculture has developed for many years in China, and the most in recent years, vermiculture is progressively developed along with the rapid rising of other aquaculture.
At present, the cultural method of Lumbricus is not suitable for the growth needs of Lumbricus, and the mortality rate causing Lumbricus is high, and breeding rate is low.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of earthworm culture method.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that
A kind of earthworm culture method, comprises the following steps:
A. the preparation of material is cultivated: by the bagasse mix homogeneously of the cattle manure of 35-45 mass parts, the Caulis et Folium Oryzae of 10-12 mass parts and 6-15 mass parts, and to regulate mass water content be 72%-75%, it is subsequently adding the inorganic matter of 2-5 mass parts and the laggard aerobe fermentation of acting charitably of microbe leaven mix homogeneously of 3-7 mass parts；Described inorganic matter is mixture or the mixture of ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride of carbamide, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride；
B. earthworm bed builds: the cultivation material fermented is piled on level land a length of 0.95-1.15m, width is 30-40cm, highly for the cuboid of 18-21cm；
C. seedling is thrown in: spread Lumbricus seedling on the earthworm bed built；
D. feed supplement: supplemented a feedstuff every 1 month；
E. gather: when Lumbricus grow up to body weight be 450-480mg and cultivation density more than 1.5 ten thousand/square metre time, the Lumbricus on earthworm bed and earthworm excrement are imported on the sieve of a diameter of 2-3mm in batches, vibration, receive catch the Lumbricus on sieve.
In step A, also needing to after having fermented regulate its pH is 6.5-8.0, and relative humidity is 60%-70%, and temperature is 15-25 DEG C.
Further, in step A, described microbe leaven is mixed by following content of component: streptococcus faecalis 6-9 part, Lactobacillus plantarum 3-5 part, aspergillus niger 2-3 part, candida tropicalis 1-2 part and lactic acid bacteria 0.5-1 part.
Further, described streptococcus faecalis viable count is no less than 2.5 × 10cfu/kg.
Further, in step A, during described aerobic composting fermentation, basal fermentation liquid temp is 50-58 DEG C, and the volume fraction of oxygen is 10%-25%.Described basal fermentation liquid is the mixture that mix homogeneously not yet carries out fermenting.
Further, in step A, the quality proportioning of described carbamide, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride is 5:2:3.
Further, in step A, the quality proportioning of described ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride is 4:3:1.
Further, in step C, after seedling is thrown in, turn over once bed every other month.
Further, in step D, described supplement feed uses side hello method to carry out.Earthworm excrement should be first removed before feed supplement.Described side is fed method and is also referred to as side feed supplement method, refers to concentrate former feedstuff, the local addition new feedstuff vacated.
Further, in step D, described feedstuff is made up of following mass parts raw material: horsehit or pig manure 30-40 part, leaves or rotten grass 6-8 part, rotten vegetable or fruit 4-7 part, citric acid 0.2-0.5 part, essence 0.1-0.2 part and saccharin 0.2-0.3 part.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
The method of the invention significantly improves the survival rate of Lumbricus.Compared with prior art, the breeding rate of the Lumbricus of the method cultivation improves 29.89%, and mortality rate reduces 51.92%.Meanwhile, the quality of Lumbricus is the method increased.Compared with prior art, the length of the Lumbricus of the method cultivation improves 20%, and average weight improves 17.09%, and protein content improves 15.91%.
Detailed description of the invention
Illustrated embodiment is to preferably illustrate present disclosure, but is not that present disclosure is only limitted to illustrated embodiment.So those of ordinary skill in the art carry out nonessential improvement and adjustment according to foregoing invention content to embodiment, still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of earthworm culture method, comprises the following steps:
A. cultivate the preparation of material: by 450kg cattle manure, 100kg Caulis et Folium Oryzae and 150kg bagasse mix homogeneously, and to regulate mass water content be 75%, be subsequently adding the laggard aerobe fermentation of acting charitably of microbe leaven mix homogeneously of 2kg inorganic matter and 7kg；Described inorganic matter is the mixture of carbamide, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride；
B. earthworm bed builds: the cultivation material fermented is piled on level land a length of 0.95m, width is 40cm, highly for the cuboid of 21cm；
C. seedling is thrown in: spread Lumbricus seedling (kind is peaceful No. 2, and every square of material puts into 3000) on the earthworm bed built；
D. feed supplement: supplemented a feedstuff every 1 month；
E. gather: when Lumbricus grow up to body weight be 480mg and cultivation density more than 1.5 ten thousand/square metre time, the Lumbricus on earthworm bed and earthworm excrement are imported on the sieve of a diameter of 3mm in batches, vibration, receive catch the Lumbricus on sieve.
In step A, regulating its pH after having fermented is 6.5, and relative humidity is 60%, and temperature is 25 DEG C.
In step A, described microbe leaven is mixed according to following quality proportioning by streptococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus plantarum, aspergillus niger, candida tropicalis and lactic acid bacteria: 6:5:3:1:1, and described streptococcus faecalis viable count is no less than 2.5 × 10cfu/kg；During described aerobic composting fermentation, basal fermentation liquid temp is 58 DEG C, and the volume fraction of oxygen is 10%；The quality proportioning of described carbamide, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride is 5:2:3.
In step C, after seedling is thrown in, turn over once bed every other month.
In step D, described supplement feed uses side hello method to carry out；Described feedstuff is made up of following raw material: horsehit 30kg, leaves 8kg, rotten Fructus Mali pumilae 4kg, citric acid 0.2kg, essence 0.1kg and saccharin 0.3kg.
Embodiment 2
A kind of earthworm culture method, comprises the following steps:
A. cultivate the preparation of material: by 450kg cattle manure, 120kg Caulis et Folium Oryzae and 60kg bagasse mix homogeneously, and to regulate mass water content be 72%, be subsequently adding the laggard aerobe fermentation of acting charitably of microbe leaven mix homogeneously of 5kg inorganic matter and 3kg；Described inorganic matter is the mixture of ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride；
B. earthworm bed builds: the cultivation material fermented is piled on level land a length of 1.15m, width is 30cm, highly for the cuboid of 18cm；
C. seedling is thrown in: spread Lumbricus seedling (kind is peaceful No. 2, and every square of material puts into 3000) on the earthworm bed built；
D. feed supplement: supplemented a feedstuff every 1 month；
E. gather: when Lumbricus grow up to body weight be 450mg and cultivation density more than 1.5 ten thousand/square metre time, the Lumbricus on earthworm bed and earthworm excrement are imported on the sieve of a diameter of 2mm in batches, vibration, receive catch the Lumbricus on sieve.
In step A, regulating its pH after having fermented is 8.0, and relative humidity is 80%, and temperature is 15 DEG C.
In step A, described microbe leaven is mixed according to following quality proportioning by streptococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus plantarum, aspergillus niger, candida tropicalis and lactic acid bacteria: 9:3:2:2:0.5, and described streptococcus faecalis viable count is no less than 2.5 × 10cfu/kg；During described aerobic composting fermentation, basal fermentation liquid temp is 50 DEG C, and the volume fraction of oxygen is 25%；The quality proportioning of described ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride is 4:3:1.
In step C, after seedling is thrown in, turn over once bed every other month.
In step D, described supplement feed uses side hello method to carry out；Described feedstuff is made up of following raw material: pig manure 40kg, rotten grass 8kg, rotten Herba Apii graveolentis 7kg, citric acid 0.5kg, essence 0.2kg and saccharin 0.2kg.
Embodiment 3
A kind of earthworm culture method, comprises the following steps:
A. cultivate the preparation of material: by 4000kg cattle manure, 110kg Caulis et Folium Oryzae and 90kg bagasse mix homogeneously, and to regulate mass water content be 74%, be subsequently adding the laggard aerobe fermentation of acting charitably of microbe leaven mix homogeneously of 3kg inorganic matter and 5kg；Described inorganic matter is the mixture of carbamide, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride；
B. earthworm bed builds: the cultivation material fermented is piled on level land a length of 0.12m, width is 35cm, highly for the cuboid of 20cm；
C. seedling is thrown in: spread Lumbricus seedling (kind is peaceful No. 2, and every square of material puts into 3000) on the earthworm bed built；
D. feed supplement: supplemented a feedstuff every 1 month；
E. gather: when Lumbricus grow up to body weight be 465mg and cultivation density more than 1.5 ten thousand/square metre time, the Lumbricus on earthworm bed and earthworm excrement are imported on the sieve of a diameter of 2.4mm in batches, vibration, receive catch the Lumbricus on sieve.
In step A, regulating its pH after having fermented is 7.3, and relative humidity is 65%, and temperature is 20 DEG C.
In step A, described microbe leaven is mixed according to following quality proportioning by streptococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus plantarum, aspergillus niger, candida tropicalis and lactic acid bacteria: 7:4:2.5:1.6:0.8, and described streptococcus faecalis viable count is no less than 2.5 × 10cfu/kg；During described aerobic composting fermentation, basal fermentation liquid temp is 55 DEG C, and the volume fraction of oxygen is 18%；The quality proportioning of described carbamide, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride is 5:2:3.
In step C, after seedling is thrown in, turn over once bed every other month.
In step D, described supplement feed uses side hello method to carry out；Described feedstuff is made up of following raw material: horsehit or pig manure 36kg, leaves or rotten grass 7kg, rotten vegetable or fruit 5kg, citric acid 0.3kg, essence 0.15kg and saccharin 0.24kg.
Comparative example
Carrying out vermiculture with method described in the application for a patent for invention of Publication No. CN105309392A, it concretely comprises the following steps:
(1) feeding facility: with wooden case, at indoor windrow；
(2) feedstuff prepares；
(3) temperature and humidity conditions: optimum temperature 14 DEG C, adds covering in the winter time, does not allow Lumbricus hibernation, can not be exposed to the sun and drench with rain；Relative humidity is 62%, direct plunges into by fresh cattle manure, stacks the most dry too for a long time, can slightly spray a little water, and moisture rests in holding material, water breakthrough pearl between finger but do not drip and be advisable；Acidity-basicity ph value 7；
(4) throwing in seedling: first at the wooden case fresh cattle manure 15cm of tiling, the most thereon cover plant Seedling (every square of material puts into 3000), kind is peaceful No. 2；
(5) daily management: observing once for the most every 20 days, and feed once, method is ibid；Within every 40 days, raising area can be expanded at double；The most every 40 days is a cycle, within 1 year, can support 9 batches；
6) collecting method: with one sieve (fixing with wood chip) of wire gauze binding, then Lumbricus connecting soil and is placed on sieve, be placed under sunlight, Lumbricus keeps in dark place, and To Be Protected from Heat, i.e. drill down, puts a plate and can collect Lumbricus under sieve；
7) timing clears out ovum cocoon: in the season of temperature 15-28 DEG C, was cleared by ovum cocoon every 105 days in vermiculture bed, is put on pre-prepd Lumbricus bed and hatches；Earthworm bed must be ventilated well, and relative humidity controls between 58%, and under these conditions, the hatching of ovum cocoon just can go out children's earthworm for 15-20 days, and incubation rate reaches more than 95%.
Feedstuff prepares to include: " three property " feedstuff, i.e. animal thing feedstuff, plant feed, fruit feedstuff, first and third class feedstuff accounts for 60%.
Animal fodder is pig manure, and described plant feed is straw, leaves or weeds, and described fruit feedstuff is Exocarpium Citrulli, rotten Fructus Musae or rotten Fructus Citri tangerinae.
Before feedstuff is thrown in, spraying additive processes, and described additive is formed by the component infusion of following weight portion: 9 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalaes, 12 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis, 5 parts of Folium Bambusaes, 14 parts of Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarums, 1 part of Umbillcaria esculenta, 4 parts of Radixs Stemonae, 7 parts of Cortex Phellodendris, 3 parts of Herba Epimedii, 4 parts of Rhizoma Polygonati (processed), 14 parts of Rhizoma Atractylodis, 11 parts of Fructus Forsythiaes of 7 parts of Herba Asaris.
The breeding rate of the Lumbricus of testing example 1-3 (respectively experimental group 1-3) and comparative example (matched group) and mortality rate.Meanwhile, each of the above group randomly chooses 20 adult Lumbricuss, detects its length, average weight and protein content.Result is as shown in the table:
From the above results, compared with matched group, the breeding rate of experimental group Lumbricus improves 29.89%, and mortality rate reduces 51.92%.Thus proving, the method for the invention significantly improves the survival rate of Lumbricus.Meanwhile, compared with matched group, the length of experimental group Lumbricus improves 20%, and average weight improves 17.09%, and protein content improves 15.91%.Thus proving, the method for the invention improves the quality of Lumbricus.
In addition, it is to be understood that, although this specification is been described by according to embodiment, but the most each embodiment only comprises an independent technical scheme, this narrating mode of description is only for clarity sake, description should can also be formed, through appropriately combined, other embodiments that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that as an entirety, the technical scheme in each embodiment by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. an earthworm culture method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A. the preparation of material is cultivated: by the bagasse mix homogeneously of the cattle manure of 35-45 mass parts, the Caulis et Folium Oryzae of 10-12 mass parts and 6-15 mass parts, and to regulate mass water content be 72%-75%, it is subsequently adding the inorganic matter of 2-5 mass parts and the microbe leaven mix homogeneously laggard row aerobic composting fermentation of 3-7 mass parts；Described inorganic matter is mixture or the mixture of ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride of carbamide, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride；
B. earthworm bed builds: the cultivation material fermented is piled on level land a length of 0.95-1.15m, width is 30-40cm, highly for the cuboid of 18-21cm；
C. seedling is thrown in: spread Lumbricus seedling on the earthworm bed built；
D. feed supplement: supplemented a feedstuff every 1 month；
E. gather: when Lumbricus grow up to body weight be 450-480mg and cultivation density more than 1.5 ten thousand/square metre time, the Lumbricus on earthworm bed and earthworm excrement are imported on the sieve of a diameter of 2-3mm in batches, vibration, receive catch the Lumbricus on sieve.
A kind of earthworm culture method the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step A, described microbe leaven is mixed by following content of component: streptococcus faecalis 6-9 part, Lactobacillus plantarum 3-5 part, aspergillus niger 2-3 part, candida tropicalis 1-2 part and lactic acid bacteria 0.5-1 part.
A kind of earthworm culture method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described streptococcus faecalis viable count is no less than 2.5 × 10cfu/kg.
A kind of earthworm culture method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step A, during described aerobic composting fermentation, basal fermentation liquid temp is 50-58 DEG C, and the volume fraction of oxygen is 10%-25%.
A kind of earthworm culture method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step A, the quality proportioning of described carbamide, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride is 5:2:3.
A kind of earthworm culture method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step A, the quality proportioning of described ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate and ammonium chloride is 4:3:1.
A kind of earthworm culture method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step C, after seedling is thrown in, turn over once bed every other month.
A kind of earthworm culture method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step D, described supplement feed uses side hello method to carry out.
A kind of earthworm culture method the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step D, described feedstuff is made up of following mass parts raw material: horsehit or pig manure 30-40 part, leaves or rotten grass 6-8 part, rotten vegetable or fruit 4-7 part, citric acid 0.2-0.5 part, essence 0.1-0.2 part and saccharin 0.2-0.3 part.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106719445A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 朱少忠 | The method of molasses alcohol waste liquid breeding earthworm |
| CN106819417A (en) * | 2017-03-19 | 2017-06-13 | 郑州慧合中赢科技有限公司 | A kind of method of sheep field waste high-efficiency resource recycling |
| CN107047938A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-08-18 | 河南龙之锦农业发展有限公司 | A kind of method that integrated treatment is carried out to excrement dirt using earthworm |
| CN107373101A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-24 | 黔东南苗族侗族自治州农业科学院 | Earthworm inducing agent, its preparation method and application |
| CN107656027A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-02-02 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | A kind of wide dragon seedling quality evaluation method |
| CN112640855A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-04-13 | 河北农业大学 | Method for breeding earthworms by using medicine residues of epimedium powder and cow dung |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106719445A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 朱少忠 | The method of molasses alcohol waste liquid breeding earthworm |
| CN106819417A (en) * | 2017-03-19 | 2017-06-13 | 郑州慧合中赢科技有限公司 | A kind of method of sheep field waste high-efficiency resource recycling |
| CN107047938A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-08-18 | 河南龙之锦农业发展有限公司 | A kind of method that integrated treatment is carried out to excrement dirt using earthworm |
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| CN107656027A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-02-02 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | A kind of wide dragon seedling quality evaluation method |
| CN107656027B (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2019-12-06 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | Method for evaluating quality of earthworm seedlings |
| CN112640855A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-04-13 | 河北农业大学 | Method for breeding earthworms by using medicine residues of epimedium powder and cow dung |
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