CN105801220A - Oyster mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an oyster mushroom culture medium and a preparation method thereof.The culture medium is prepared from, by dry weight, 75-80% of abandoned tea stems, 10-20% of cottonseed hulls, 5-10% of wheat bran, 2-5% of lime and 1-2% of saccharose.The preparation method comprises the following steps that firstly, the abandoned tea stems, the cottonseed hulls, the wheat bran, the lime and the saccharose are weighed according to the ratio, a proper amount of water is added, the mixture is mixed and stirred evenly, and a medium is formed; secondly, the medium in the first step is packaged into a culture bag, and after 4/5 of the bag is filled with the medium, an opening is sealed; thirdly, the culture bag loaded with the medium is subjected to autoclaved sterilization for 0.5 h at the temperature of 127-135 DEG C in an autoclaved sterilization pot and is cooled to the room temperature to be used.The water content of the medium is controlled within 65-68%.The abandoned tea stems are utilized, the ingredient cost of the oyster mushroom culture medium is effectively reduced, the culture period of oyster mushroom can be shortened, and the economic benefits are increased.After the oyster mushroom is harvested, the oyster mushroom culture medium can also be used as organic fertilizer.

Description

A kind of oyster mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of oyster mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Pleurotus ostreatus belongs to wooden saprophytic mushroom, and the carbon source of utilization is mainly lignin and cellulose.Mycelia is by secreting multiple enzyme, the ingredient breakdown such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and shallow lake JIGU powder, pectin can be become the nutrient such as monosaccharide or disaccharidase, it is absorbed and used as carbon source, also can directly absorb organic acid and alcohols etc., but DIC can not be directly utilized.Traditional cultivation method is as compost with the basswood of broad leaf tree.Owing to timber resources is fewer and feweri, and cultivation basswood total output is the highest, and timber utilization rate is low, is the most gradually replaced by substituting stuff cultivation so segment wood cultivated.The fuel wide range of suitable Pleurotus ostreatus substituting stuff cultivation, if wood flour, cotton seed hulls, waste cotton, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, bagasse, corn cob, corn straw, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bean stalk powder etc. are as raw material, appoint its one or more collocation to use, then add suitable adjuvant and make compost, it is possible to cultivation Pleurotus ostreatus.Although Pleurotus ostreatus is of a great variety, in addition to mycelia and sporophore growth grow temperature required difference, other growth conditionss and planting technique are all essentially identical.

Folium Camelliae sinensis is one of important industrial crops of China, and yield occupies first place in the world.The promoting of China's economy of developing into of Folium Camelliae sinensis plays huge effect.China is Chan Cha big country in the world, and only essence tea is produced in Fujian per year just more than 30 ten thousand tons.Can produce substantial amounts of side-product in tea making process, such as stalky tea, tea dust etc., the stalky tea chosen every year accounts for the 20% of Folium Camelliae sinensis gross weight, only Fujian Anxi County once reaching 50,000 tons with annual stalky tea.Stalky tea abandons mostly as garbage, is the most well utilized.The chemical composition of discarded stalky tea mainly include cellulose, Hemicellulose, lignin etc., it is seen that carbon source is enriched, and for nutritional labeling, may be used for edible fungus culturing.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention, it is to provide for a kind of oyster mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof, it utilizes discarded stalky tea as the primary raw material of oyster mushroom culture medium, on the one hand cultivation matrix the most cheap and easy to get is provided for oyster mushroom culture medium, also discarded stalky tea is made to turn waste into wealth, realize the recycling of waste resource, reduce environmental pollution.

The present invention is achieved in that described a kind of oyster mushroom culture medium, and according to dry weight percentage, described culture medium is: discarded stalky tea 75%-80%, cotton seed hulls 10%-20%, Testa Tritici 5%-10%, Calx 2%-5%, sucrose 1%-2%.

The preparation method of a kind of oyster mushroom culture medium of the present invention, comprises the following steps:

(1) weigh discarded stalky tea, cotton seed hulls, Testa Tritici, Calx, sucrose by described proportioning, add suitable quantity of water, mixing and stirring, form substrate；

(2) step (1) described substrate loads cultivating bag, be filled to that bag is long-pending 4 Seal when/5；

(3) by step (2) Suo Shu equipped with the cultivating bag of substrate in high-pressure sterilizing pot, 127 DEG C-135 DEG C autoclaving 0.5h, be cooled to room temperature standby.

The water content control of substrate of the present invention is 65%-68%.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, utilize discarded stalky tea as primary raw material, it is aided with cotton seed hulls, Testa Tritici, pulverized limestone, sucrose etc. for adjuvant, make the substrate of mushroom cultivation, reasonable mixture ratio, balanced in nutrition, meet the nutrient needed for each growth period of Pleurotus ostreatus, the Pleurotus ostreatus produced is the Green Product of safety, irritant pollution-free, pure natural；Utilize discarded stalky tea, effectively reduce the dispensing cost of Oyster mushroom culture medium, the cultivation period of Pleurotus ostreatus can be shortened simultaneously, increase economic efficiency；The present invention is simple to operate, it is easy to produce, and shortens the Production Time of tradition Oyster mushroom culture medium, reduces cost of labor；After Pleurotus ostreatus harvest, Oyster mushroom culture medium is also used as organic fertilizer, can increase the added value that Pleurotus ostreatus produces.

Detailed description of the invention

1, the preparation of oyster mushroom culture medium

Following material is weighed: discard stalky tea 75%-80%, cotton seed hulls 10%-20%, Testa Tritici 5%-10%, Calx 2%-5%, sucrose 1% by dry weight percentage.Mix homogeneously, moisture content in medium rests in 60%-65%, according to industry experience, is held by compound in hands, water should be had to overflow but the water content of culture medium will be 60%-65% when the most lower, formation substrate between webs；Substrate loads cultivating bag, be filled to bag long-pending about 4/5 time seal with rubber band；The culture medium installed intersects discharge in autoclave in length and breadth, and 127 DEG C of autoclaving 0.5h cool down standby.

2, bacterium is sent out in inoculation

In original seeds bottle, dig solid truffle 6-7 spoonfuls according to aseptic technique requirement inoculation spoon, be put in cultivating bag one sealing, be placed in constant temperature and humidity incubator, temperature 26 DEG C, humidity 65%, cultivate 3-4 week, mycelia covers with cultivating bag.

3, management of producing mushroom

The culture medium that will cover with mycelia is taken out, and is managed according to a conventional method, and before fruiting, every day is toward atomized water spray in air 6-7 times, ensure that near bacterium bag, air humidity is 85%-90%, after fruiting after bacteria cover diameter is more than 1 cm, directly toward atomized water spray on cap, ventilation of in good time windowing.Just can pluck when Pleurotus ostreatus blade grows to 5-10cm when.During harvesting, the whole mushroom grown is pulled together with root, if there being old of residual to clean out in culture medium, otherwise impact fruiting next time.

4, culture medium recycling

After Pleurotus ostreatus fruiting terminates, described substrate will not be used for mushroom cultivation；Carry out after when the time comes described substrate being poured out cultivating bag smashing stirring to pieces, plant flowers and plants, Chinese herbal medicine as organic fertilizer.

Claims (3)

1. an oyster mushroom culture medium, is characterized in that: according to dry weight percentage, and described culture medium is: discarded stalky tea 75% -80%, cotton seed hulls 10%-20%, Testa Tritici 5%-10%, Calx 2%-5%, sucrose 1%-2%.

2. the preparation method of a kind of oyster mushroom culture medium described in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

(1) weigh discarded stalky tea, cotton seed hulls, Testa Tritici, Calx, sucrose by described proportioning, add suitable quantity of water, mixing and stirring, form substrate；

(2) step (1) described substrate is loaded cultivating bag, be filled to bag long-pending 4/5 time sealing；

(3) by step (2) Suo Shu equipped with the cultivating bag of substrate in high-pressure sterilizing pot, 127 DEG C-135 DEG C autoclaving 0.5h, be cooled to room temperature standby.

The preparation method of a kind of oyster mushroom culture medium, is characterized in that: the water content control of described substrate is 65%-68%.