CN105796848A - 一种治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物 - Google Patents
一种治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中医中药领域,涉及一种治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物及其制备方法。该药物组合物由乌金草、枸骨叶、鳖甲、春不见、鹅肠菜、包袱七、牡蛎、隔山消、牛奶柴、知母、酸枣仁、甘草为药用原料精心制成。全方合伍,有机配合有滋阴养血,平肝潜阳,软坚散结,清热化痰之效,针对痰气郁结日久化火,火热耗伤阴精而导致虚实夹杂的阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的病因病机而研制。临床试验结果显示:本发明药物治疗总有效率高,对复发的患者亦有较高的疗效,不良反应少,具有明显的进步。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中医中药领域,涉及一种治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
甲状腺腺瘤临床发病率较高,占所有甲状腺疾病的38%-56%,女性显著多于男性,且好发于20-40岁的女性,但由于甲状腺腺瘤临床上大多无症状,故其具体的发病率难以统计。20%的甲状腺腺瘤患者可引起甲状腺功能亢进,10%的该类患者存在恶变可能。甲状腺腺瘤虽多为单发,但有文献报道多发者达15%-25%,这也是其恶变率与术后复发率较高的重要原因之一。
甲状腺瘤的病因未明,可能与性别、遗传因素、射线照射、癌症基因、TSH过度刺激、甲状腺素水平异常、生长因子等有关。甲状腺腺瘤的西医学治疗以手术为首选。目前公认的手术适应症包括:甲状腺腺瘤为恶性或可疑恶性;瘤体增长迅速,或质地硬、活动度差等不能排除恶性等。甲状腺全切除术后有高达5%的复发可能,需要术后长期甚至终生服用甲状腺素以预防其复发;而相对彻底的甲状腺全叶切除术会造成病人术后甲减,亦需要终生服用甲状腺素片来弥补激素水平低下导致的功能不足。甲状腺素治疗易产生心慌、烦躁、心率失常与血压不稳定等不良反应。
甲状腺腺瘤属于中医“瘿”之范畴。近现代医家认为本病的发病原因主要为情志内伤、饮食水土失宜与体质因素有关。长期抑郁恼怒或忧思郁虑,即情志内伤,可以使气机郁滞、肝气失于条达。而津液的正常循行及输布均需要气的运行推动,气机郁滞,则津液易于凝聚成痰。气滞痰凝,壅结颈前,则形成瘿病,痰凝气滞日久,使气血的运行也受到障碍而产生血行瘀滞,则可使本病进一步加重。饮食失调,或久居高山地区,水土失宜,会影响脾胃的功能,使脾失健运,不能运化水湿,聚而生痰;同时还可以影响气血的正常运行,痰气壅结颈前则发为瘿病。妇女的经、带、孕、产、乳等生理与肝经气血密切相关,遇有情志、饮食等致病因素,常引起气郁痰结、气滞血瘀及肝郁化火等病理变化,故女性易患瘿病。此外,素体阴虚之人,内火偏旺,蟠灼津液为痰,痰气郁结日久易于化火,更加伤阴,从而导致病情缠绵难愈。中医药在治疗甲状腺瘤方面的疗效是肯定的,有着独特的优势和潜力。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种治疗甲状腺瘤的药物组合物及制备方法;本发明药物所选药材配伍相宜,符合中医药学和现代医药学理论,对治疗甲状腺瘤尤其是辨证治疗阴虚阳亢型患者具有显著的疗效。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物,其由乌金草、枸骨叶、鳖甲、春不见、鹅肠菜、包袱七、牡蛎、隔山消、牛奶柴、知母、酸枣仁、甘草为药用原料精心制成。
本方中个别药味有治疗甲状腺腺瘤的功效,然均不具有较好的疗效,为使诸药在配方中有机组合以实现功能上相辅相成增强疗效;在药性上相制相佐减低毒副反应,发明人进一步优选出如下方案:
一种治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于其由如下重量份配比的药用原料精心制成:乌金草12-17份、枸骨叶20-25份、鳖甲3-6份、春不见8-13份、鹅肠菜15-20份、包袱七10-15份、牡蛎12-17份、隔山消10-15份、牛奶柴15-20份、知母5-8份、酸枣仁8-13份、甘草4-7份。
进一步优选地,一种治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于其由如下重量份配比的药用原料精心制成:乌金草16份、枸骨叶20份、鳖甲5份、春不见8份、鹅肠菜18份、包袱七10份、牡蛎13份、隔山消12份、牛奶柴15份、知母5份、酸枣仁10份、甘草5份。
进一步优选地,一种治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于其由如下重量份配比的药用原料精心制成:乌金草12份、枸骨叶25份、鳖甲6份、春不见12份、鹅肠菜15份、包袱七12份、牡蛎15份、隔山消15份、牛奶柴18份、知母7份、酸枣仁8份、甘草5份。
本发明组方配伍关系及方解如下:
乌金草甘微苦平,有平肝阳,养肝血,养心安神之效;枸骨叶苦凉入肾坚阴,平肝清热,补养阴气使痰火自消;二药伍用补肝养血,滋阴平肝为君药。
鳖甲滋阴潜阳,软坚散结;鹅肠菜清热化痰,软坚散结;包袱七清热解毒,化痰散结,祛瘀消肿;牡蛎重镇安神,潜阳补阴,软坚散结;四药伍用滋阴潜阳,软坚散结,清热化痰为臣药。
春不见清热解毒,平肝散结,入络搜风;知母清热泻火,生津润燥;隔山消滋阴养血,健脾养胃,滋补肝肾;牛奶柴补中益气,健脾化湿,强筋壮骨,消肿,活血解毒;酸枣仁平肝理气,润肺养阴,温中利湿;甘草补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药。六药为佐使药。
全方合伍,有机配合有滋阴养血,平肝潜阳,软坚散结,清热化痰之效,针对痰气郁结日久化火,火热耗伤阴精而导致虚实夹杂的阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的病因病机而研制。
本发明所用各药用原料的性味归经和主要功效如下。
乌金草:【性味】甘;微苦;性平。【归经】心;肝经。【功能主治】平肝阳;养心安神;养血调经。主头晕;神经衰弱;高血压病;贫血;月经不调。【用法用量】内服:煎汤,6-10g。
枸骨叶:【性味】苦,凉。【归经】归肝、肾经。【功能主治】清热养阴,平肝,益肾。用于肺痨咯血,骨蒸潮热,头晕目眩;高血压。【用法用量】9~15g。
鳖甲:【性味】咸,微寒。【归经】归肝、肾经。【功能主治】滋阴潜阳,软坚散结,退热除蒸。用于阴虚发热,劳热骨蒸,虚风内动,经闭,癓瘕,久疟疟母。【用法用量】9~24g,捣碎,先煎。
春不见:【味性】苦;涩;凉;甘;微寒。【归经】肺;肝经。清热解毒;平肝散结;祛风定惊。主肺痈;蛇咬伤;目赤;瘰疬;咳嗽;蛇毒;小儿急惊风;风湿痹痛;跌打损伤。
鹅肠菜:【性味】咸;寒。【归经】肝;肺经。【功能主治】清热化痰;软坚散结。主甲状腺肿;淋巴结肿;肺结核。【用法用量】内服:煎汤,15-30g。
包袱七:【来源】药材基源:为小檗科植物水八角莲的根和根茎。【性味】味苦;辛;性凉。【归经】肺;肝经。【功能主治】清热解毒;化痰散结;祛瘀止痛。主咽喉肿痛;痈肿;疔疮;肺炎;腮腺炎;毒蛇咬伤;瘰疬;跌打损伤。【用法用量】内服:煎汤,3-12g;磨汁或浸酒涂,捣烂敷或研末调敷患处。
牡蛎:【性味】咸,微寒。【归经】归肝、胆、肾经。【功能主治】重镇安神,潜阳补阴,软坚散结。用于惊悸失眠,眩晕耳鸣,瘰疬痰核,症瘕痞块。煅牡蛎收敛固涩。用于自汗盗汗,遗精崩带,胃痛吞酸。【用法用量】9~30g,先煎。
隔山消【性味】味甘;微苦;性微温;【归经】脾;胃;肾经。【功能主治】补肝肾;强筋骨;健脾胃;解毒。主肝肾两虚;头昏眼花;失眠健忘;须发早白;阳痿;遗精;腰膝酸攀登;脾虚不运;脘腹胀满;仞欲不振;泄泻;产后乳少;鱼口疮毒。【用法用量】内服:煎汤,9-15g外用:鲜品适量,捣敷。
牛奶柴:【性味】甘;淡;性温。【归经】肺;脾;肾经。【功能主治】补中健脾;祛风湿;活血通络。主气虚乏力;四肢酸软;风湿痹痛;筋骨不利;跌打损伤;经闭;乳汁不通。【用法用量】内服:煎汤,30-60g。
知母:【性味】苦、甘,寒。【归经】归肺、胃、肾经。【功能主治】清热泻火,生津润燥。用于外感热病,高热烦渴,肺热燥咳,骨蒸潮热,内热消渴,肠燥便秘。【用法用量】6~12g。
酸枣仁:【性味】甘、酸,平。【归经】归肝、胆、心经。【功能主治】补肝,宁心,敛汗,生津。用于虚烦不眠,惊悸多梦,体虚多汗,津伤口渴。【用法用量】9~15g。
甘草:【性味】甘,平。【归经】归心、肺、脾、胃经。【功能主治】补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药。用于脾胃虚弱,倦怠乏力,心悸气短,咳嗽痰多,脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛,痈肿疮毒,缓解药物毒性、烈性。【用法用量】1.5~9g。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种制备治疗甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物的方法。为了更好的表达本发明的药物组合物,本发明的药物组合物可由乌金草、枸骨叶、鳖甲、春不见、鹅肠菜、包袱七、牡蛎、隔山消、牛奶柴、知母、酸枣仁、甘草或其水或/和其有机溶剂提取物为活性成分,依照制剂学常规技术制成各种剂型。
本发明的上述所述药物组合物可以加入制备不同剂型时所需的各种常规辅料或辅助性成分,以常规的中药制剂制备方法制备成任何一种常用的口服制剂,例如可以是片剂、糖衣片剂、薄膜衣片剂、肠溶衣片剂、胶囊剂、硬胶囊剂、软胶囊剂、口服液、颗粒剂、冲剂、丸剂、散剂、混悬剂、粉剂。
优选地,上述所述的口服剂型为胶囊剂、片剂或丸剂。
最优选地,上述所述的口服剂型是胶囊剂。
本发明还提供了上述药物组合物的制备方法,当所述药物组合物的剂型为胶囊剂时,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按处方取牡蛎,粉碎成平均粒径为10-60μm的颗粒后加入5-10倍量的10%的乙醇水溶液,采用超声波提取,超声波提取完毕,取滤液,减压浓缩成稠膏,干燥后粉碎成200目~400目的粉末备用;其中,提取条件包括:超声功率为140-160W,提取温度为30-50℃,提取时间为40-50min;
(2)按处方取乌金草、枸骨叶、春不见、鹅肠菜、包袱七、隔山消、牛奶柴、知母、酸枣仁、甘草粉碎成粗粉,加水煎煮两次,第一次加6-10倍重量份的水,浸泡3-5小时,煎煮1.0-2.0小时,第二次加3-5重量份的水煎煮1.0-1.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.05-1.10(60℃测得)后,加入乙醇至浓度为30%,于-5~5℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩得稠膏,干燥后粉碎成200目~400目的粉末备用;
(3)按处方取鳖甲,干燥后,粉碎成200目~400目的粉末与(1)和(2)得到的粉末混匀,加入一种或多种药物辅料,混匀,灭菌,装入胶囊壳即得。
上述所述药物辅料优选的是填充剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、稀释剂、调味剂当中的一种或几种,如:填充剂、稀释剂可选淀粉、糖粉、糊精、微晶纤维素、乳糖、预胶化淀粉、甘露醇等;可选择的粘合剂有羧甲基纤维素钠、PVP-K30、羟丙基纤维素、淀粉浆、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟丙甲纤维素、胶化淀粉等;可选择的崩解剂有干淀粉、交联聚维酮、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、羧甲基淀粉钠,低取代羟丙基纤维素等;可选择的润滑剂有;硬脂酸镁、滑石粉、十二烷基硫酸钠、微粉硅胶等;调味剂如甜味素、阿斯巴甜等。
本发明的制剂在使用时根据病人的情况确定用法用量。本发明的制剂在使用时根据病人的情况确定用法用量,可每日服1-3次,每次1-20剂,如:1-20粒。
本发明还请求保护上述所述药物组合物在制备治疗甲状腺腺瘤药物中的用途。实施例10的临床观察试验结果表明:纳入临床研究的65例患者中,服用本发明中药胶囊的治疗组,总有效率为93.8%,而服用甲状腺素片的对照组患者总有效率为75.8%,本发明中药胶囊的有效率更高,两组有效率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);对于术后复发的患者,治疗组总有效率92.9%;对照组总有效率仅为57.1%;此外,本发明中药胶囊还可以显著降低患者瘤体面积,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组在观察期间,FT3、FT4及TSH并无明显变化,治疗组病人无任何主观不适,血、尿、大便常规及心、肝、肾功能等检查均未出现异常,总之本发明中药胶囊取得了较高的临床风险效益比,取得了意料不到的技术效果。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明药性平和,不含毒性较大的药用原料,动物试验和临床试验均表明本发明药物安全系数高,不良反应少。
(2)本发明以中医理论为基础,组方严谨,君臣佐使配伍关系明确,选药精当,具有多靶点、多环节、多层次的综合调控作用,有机配合有滋阴养血,平肝潜阳,软坚散结,清热化痰之效,针对痰气郁结日久化火,火热耗伤阴精而导致虚实夹杂的阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的病因病机而研制。
(3)本发明药物总有效率高,对于术后复发的甲状腺腺瘤患者亦有较高的总有效率。
(4)本发明可以制备成多种口服制剂,避免了服用不便,患者依从性差的缺点。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例进一步描述本发明,本发明不仅仅限于以下实施例。在本发明的范围内或者在不脱离本发明的内容、精神和范围内,对本发明进行的变更、组合或替换,对于本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的,且包含在本发明的范围之内。
实施例1胶囊剂
处方:乌金草16份、枸骨叶20份、鳖甲5份、春不见8份、鹅肠菜18份、包袱七10份、牡蛎13份、隔山消12份、牛奶柴15份、知母5份、酸枣仁10份、甘草5份。
制备方法:
(1)按处方取牡蛎,粉碎成平均粒径为40-60μm的颗粒后加入5-10倍量的10%的乙醇水溶液,采用超声波提取,超声波提取完毕,取滤液,减压浓缩成稠膏,干燥后粉碎成400目的粉末备用;其中,提取条件包括:超声功率为140-160W,提取温度为30-50℃,提取时间为40-50min;
(2)按处方取乌金草、枸骨叶、春不见、鹅肠菜、包袱七、隔山消、牛奶柴、知母、酸枣仁、甘草粉碎成粗粉,加水煎煮两次,第一次加6-10倍重量份的水,浸泡3-5小时,煎煮1.0-2.0小时,第二次加3-5重量份的水煎煮1.0-1.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.07(60℃测得)后,加入乙醇至浓度为30%,于-5~5℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩得稠膏,干燥后粉碎成300目的粉末备用;
(3)按处方取鳖甲,干燥后,粉碎成400目的粉末与(1)和(2)得到的粉末混匀,加入适量辅料,混匀,灭菌,装入胶囊壳即得。本实施例胶囊剂每粒装量0.4g,相当于生药1.1g。
实施例2胶囊剂
处方:乌金草12份、枸骨叶25份、鳖甲6份、春不见12份、鹅肠菜15份、包袱七12份、牡蛎15份、隔山消15份、牛奶柴18份、知母7份、酸枣仁8份、甘草5份。
制备方法:(1)按处方取牡蛎,粉碎成平均粒径为30-50μm的颗粒后加入5-10倍量的10%的乙醇水溶液,采用超声波提取,超声波提取完毕,取滤液,减压浓缩成稠膏,干燥后粉碎成300目的粉末备用;其中,提取条件包括:超声功率为140-160W,提取温度为30-50℃,提取时间为40-50min;
(2)按处方取乌金草、枸骨叶、春不见、鹅肠菜、包袱七、隔山消、牛奶柴、知母、酸枣仁、甘草粉碎成粗粉,加水煎煮两次,第一次加6-10倍重量份的水,浸泡3-5小时,煎煮1.0-2.0小时,第二次加3-5重量份的水煎煮1.0-1.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.08(60℃测得)后,加入乙醇至浓度为30%,于-5~5℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩得稠膏,干燥后粉碎成200目的粉末备用;
(3)按处方取鳖甲,干燥后,粉碎成400目的粉末与(1)和(2)得到的粉末混匀,加入辅料混匀,灭菌,装入胶囊壳即得。
实施例3胶囊剂
处方:乌金草12份、枸骨叶20份、鳖甲3份、春不见13份、鹅肠菜18份、包袱七12份、牡蛎15份、隔山消12份、牛奶柴15份、知母6份、酸枣仁8份、甘草5份。
制备方法:参照实施例1-2的操作。
实施例4胶囊剂
处方:乌金草12份、枸骨叶25份、鳖甲4份、春不见12份、鹅肠菜15份、包袱七12份、牡蛎15份、隔山消14份、牛奶柴18份、知母8份、酸枣仁12份、甘草5份。
制备方法:参照实施例1-2的操作。
实施例5胶囊剂
处方:乌金草15份、枸骨叶20份、鳖甲5份、春不见10份、鹅肠菜20份、包袱七10份、牡蛎12份、隔山消15份、牛奶柴18份、知母8份、酸枣仁8份、甘草6份。
制备方法:参照实施例1-2的操作。
实施例6胶囊剂
处方:乌金草12份、枸骨叶20份、鳖甲4份、春不见10份、鹅肠菜18份、包袱七10份、牡蛎12份、隔山消10份、牛奶柴20份、知母6份、酸枣仁8份、甘草6份。
制备方法:参照实施例1-2的操作。
实施例7胶囊剂
处方:乌金草15份、枸骨叶20份、鳖甲6份、春不见12份、鹅肠菜15份、包袱七12份、牡蛎12份、隔山消12份、牛奶柴16份、知母8份、酸枣仁10份、甘草6份。
制备方法:参照实施例1-2的操作。
实施例8胶囊剂
处方:乌金草15份、枸骨叶25份、鳖甲3份、春不见10份、鹅肠菜16份、包袱七15份、牡蛎13份、隔山消12份、牛奶柴18份、知母7份、酸枣仁8份、甘草5份。
制备方法:参照实施例1-2的操作。
实施例9毒理学实验
(一)急性毒性实验:选取昆明小鼠60只,雌雄各半,体重28~38g,随机分为四组,即对照组和给药组,实验前禁食12小时,将本发明的实施例1-3制备的中药胶囊剂溶解在水中制成混悬液(浓度为6.6g-7.6g生药/ml,最高浓度)灌胃,灌胃容积为5ml/kg,对照组给予等量生理盐水,一天给药2次,给药间隔时间6小时,给药后连续观察14天,并记录小鼠的的毒性反应及死亡数。
实验结果表明:与对照组比较,给药后各组小鼠未见明显差异,实验连续观察14天,小鼠全身状况、饮食、饮水、体重增长均正常。小鼠口服灌胃本发明的胶囊即LD50>33.0-38.0g生药/kg,每日最大给药量为76.0g生药/kg/日。因此本发明的中药急性毒性极低,临床用药安全。
(二)长期毒性实验:本发明中药实施例1胶囊剂对小鼠按1.1、3.3和6.6g生药/kg连续用药15周(1.0ml/100g体重,每天2次)及停药3周后,结果表明:本发明中药对小鼠的毛发、行为、大小便、体重、脏器重量、血象、肝肾功能、血糖、血脂等指标均无明显影响,脏器肉眼没有发现异样变化和组织学检查结果表明,用药15周及停药3周后,小鼠各脏器均无明显改变。说明本发明中药对小鼠长期用药后毒性小,停药后也没有异样反应,应用安全。
实施例10本发明药物对甲状腺腺瘤的疗效观察试验
1.1一般资料:本院于2013年9月-2014年3月收治甲状腺腺瘤患者65例,中医症属阴虚阳亢,随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组中,女性32例;年龄25-51岁,平均(34.6±5.7)岁。病程:6个月~11年,平均(4.7±1.5)。临床诊断为单发性腺瘤23例,多发性腺瘤9例,其中术后复发者14例。对照组中,男性1例,女性32例;年龄27-50岁,平均(36.3±6.9)岁。病程:6个月~11年,平均(5.3±1.7)。临床诊断为单发性腺瘤24例,多发性腺瘤9例,其中术后复发者14例。两组病例年龄、性别、病程、症状等各方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2诊断标准
1.2.1西医诊断:参照孙清新等《临床疾病诊断依据治愈标准》(北京,人民军医出版社)定制。①甲状腺内可扪及单个或多个圆形或椭圆形结节,表面光滑,质软或韧,能随吞咽而上下移动,颈部淋巴结不肿大。②B超证实为甲状腺腺瘤(实质性或囊性)。③甲状腺功能检查正常。
1.2.2中医诊断:参照郑筱萸等《中药新药临床研究指导原则》定制;发病日久,肿块中等硬度,伴有心烦易怒、腰膝酸软、失眠多梦、口干口苦、食欲亢进等症状,舌质红苔黄,脉弦数。
1.3排除标准:其他疾病、证候或合并症;已接受相关治疗并可能影响效应观测指标;伴有可能影响效应指标观测、判断的其他生理或病理状况;严重心、肝、肾损害影响药物代谢;特征人群(孕妇、精神病、病情危笃或疾病晚期)。如纳入前正在接受药物治疗,经过洗脱期后符合纳入标准,不视为排除病例。
1.4治疗方法:
治疗组:给予本发明实施例1制备的胶囊剂,每日2次,每次4-6粒。1个月为1疗程,连续服用3个月;
对照组:口服甲状腺素片第一周20~40μg/d,第2周开始增加至50μg/d,1个月为1疗程,连续服用3个月。
1.5观察项目:两组均连续观察3个疗程,观察治疗前后的总有效率、瘤体大小;比较单发性与多发性甲状腺腺瘤的临床疗效,以及未曾手术与术后复发患者的临床疗效;观察所有患者不良反应情况。
1.6疗效判断标准:参照《中药新药临床研究指导原则(试行)2002》定制,治愈:肿瘤消失,临床症状消失,血清学指标恢复正常;显效:肿瘤体积缩小1/2以上,临床症状基本消失,血清学指标2/3恢复正常;有效:肿瘤体积缩小1/3~1/2,临床症状明显好转,血清学指标1/3~2/3恢复正常;无效:肿瘤体积未见明显缩小,临床症状未见明显好转,血清学指标无明显改善。
1.7数据处理:采用SPSS16.0统计软件,计量资料采用均值±标准差表示,组间比较用单因素方差分析和t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验,以P<0.05为有统计学意义。
2结果
观察期间无退出病例、无脱落病例。
2.1三个疗程后两组患者临床总疗效比较:治疗组痊愈8例,显效17例,有效5例,无效2例,总有效率93.8%;对照组痊愈3例,显效7例,有效15例,无效8例,总有效率75.8%。经检验,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.01)。说明本发明药物对甲状腺腺瘤患者有显著的疗效。见表1。
表1两组患者临床总疗效比较,例
注:对照组比较,*P<0.01。
2.2三分疗程后两组术后复发患者的临床疗效比较:治疗组痊愈3例,显效8例,有效2例,无效1例,总有效率92.9%;对照组痊愈0例,显效2例,有效6例,无效6例,总有效率57.1%。经检验,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.01)。说明本发明药物对复发的甲状腺腺瘤患者亦有较高的总有效率。见表1。
表2两组术后复发患者的临床疗效比较,例
注:对照组比较,*P<0.01。
2.3两组治疗前后瘤体大小比较:治疗前两组患者瘤体面积比较无差异。治疗结束后,治疗组患者瘤体面积明显缩小,与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);对照组患者瘤体有缩小趋势,但与治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),说明本发明药物可有效缩小瘤体面积,降低患者手术率。见表3。
表3两组治疗前后瘤体大小比较,(x±s,cm3)
注:与治疗前比较,*P<0.01,与治疗后对照组比较,#P<0.01。
2.4不良反应及安全性检测:治疗组在观察期间,FT3、FT4及TSH并无明显变化,说明药物组合物对于甲状腺分泌激素的功能影响很小,治疗组病人无任何主观不适,血、尿、大便常规及心、肝、肾功能等检查均未出现异常,而对照组有2例患者的TSH低于正常值,3例患者的T3、T4高于正常值范围。
研究结果表明,本发明中药胶囊辩证治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤,能够改善症状、缩小瘤体,有效率高,临床使用较安全,值得临床推广。
Claims (10)
1.一种治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于由乌金草、枸骨叶、鳖甲、春不见、鹅肠菜、包袱七、牡蛎、隔山消、牛奶柴、知母、酸枣仁、甘草为药用原料精心制成。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于其由如下重量份配比的药用原料精心制成:乌金草12-17份、枸骨叶20-25份、鳖甲3-6份、春不见8-13份、鹅肠菜15-20份、包袱七10-15份、牡蛎12-17份、隔山消10-15份、牛奶柴15-20份、知母5-8份、酸枣仁8-13份、甘草4-7份。
3.如权利要求2所述的治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于其由如下优选重量份配比的药用原料精心制成:乌金草16份、枸骨叶20份、鳖甲5份、春不见8份、鹅肠菜18份、包袱七10份、牡蛎13份、隔山消12份、牛奶柴15份、知母5份、酸枣仁10份、甘草5份。
4.如权利要求2所述的治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于其由如下优选重量份配比的药用原料精心制成:乌金草12份、枸骨叶25份、鳖甲6份、春不见12份、鹅肠菜15份、包袱七12份、牡蛎15份、隔山消15份、牛奶柴18份、知母7份、酸枣仁8份、甘草5份。
5.如权利要求1-4任一所述的治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于所述药物组合物优选制成为口服剂型。
6.如权利要求5所述的治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于所述口服剂型优选为片剂、糖衣片剂、薄膜衣片剂、肠溶衣片剂、胶囊剂、硬胶囊剂、软胶囊剂、口服液、颗粒剂、冲剂、丸剂、散剂、混悬剂、粉剂。
7.如权利要求6所述的治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于所述口服剂型优选为胶囊剂、片剂或丸剂。
8.如权利要求7所述的治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于所述口服剂型优选为胶囊剂。
9.如权利要求1-8任一所述的治疗阴虚阳亢型甲状腺腺瘤的药物组合物,其特征在于所述胶囊剂的制备方法包括以下步骤:(1)按处方取牡蛎,粉碎成平均粒径为10-60μm的颗粒后加入5-10倍量的10%的乙醇水溶液,采用超声波提取,超声波提取完毕,取滤液,减压浓缩成稠膏,干燥后粉碎成200目~400目的粉末备用;其中,提取条件包括:超声功率为140-160W,提取温度为30-50℃,提取时间为40-50min;
(2)按处方取乌金草、枸骨叶、春不见、鹅肠菜、包袱七、隔山消、牛奶柴、知母、酸枣仁、甘草粉碎成粗粉,加水煎煮两次,第一次加6-10倍重量份的水,浸泡3-5小时,煎煮1.0-2.0小时,第二次加3-5重量份的水煎煮1.0-1.5小时,合并煎液,滤过,滤液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.05-1.10(60℃测得)后,加入乙醇至浓度为30%,于-5~5℃冷藏12小时,滤过,滤液回收乙醇,浓缩得稠膏,干燥后粉碎成200目~400目的粉末备用;
(3)按处方取鳖甲,干燥后,粉碎成200目~400目的粉末与(1)和(2)得到的粉末混匀,加入一种或多种药物辅料,混匀,灭菌,装入胶囊壳即得。
10.如权利要求1-4任一所述的药物组合物在制备治疗甲状腺腺瘤药物中的用途。
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