CN105777354A - Bovine dung vermicompost seedling culture matrix block and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bovine dung vermicompost seedling culture matrix block and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105777354A CN105777354A CN201610163769.4A CN201610163769A CN105777354A CN 105777354 A CN105777354 A CN 105777354A CN 201610163769 A CN201610163769 A CN 201610163769A CN 105777354 A CN105777354 A CN 105777354A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/05—Treatments involving invertebrates, e.g. worms, flies or maggots
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural and horticultural fertilities and particularly relates to a bovine dung vermicompost seedling culture matrix block and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes steps: properly grinding raw materials including wastes of straws, bovine dung vermicompost materials and the like, adding appropriate peat and water-absorbent resin as an expanding agent and a soil sterilizing agent, adjusting, mixing and using a special forming device to realize primary compression and forming to produce the seedling culture matrix block suitable for agricultural and horticultural plants. The invention further discloses corresponding technical steps. Recycling of wastes is realized, and the prepared seedling culture matrix block is rich in nutrition and meets requirements of seedling growth and development of agricultural crops, melons, fruits, vegetables and the like. In addition, environment pollution caused by plastic cave dishes can be reduced while seedling transplantation integration can be realized. The bovine dung vermicompost seedling culture matrix block and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of freeness of root injuries, seedling injuries and a rejuvenation period, high in survival rate and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparing technical field of agriculture and garden facility material, be specifically related to a kind of cattle manure Vermicomposting seedling culturing substrate block and preparation method thereof.The present invention adopts special shaping device by disposable for seedling medium material compression forming, can be applied to agricultural or garden crop nursery can realize water saving, nutrition, transplanting integration.
Background technology
In vegetable melon and fruit cultivation, commonly used plastics cave dish carries out nursery, seedling replanting process needs separated with plastics cave dish together with substrate by seedling, it is transplanted to big Tanaka, separation process can hurt root system, increasing seedling-slowing stage, extend the cultivation phase of crop, simultaneously discarded plastics cave dish is difficult to reclaim, to environment
Have not yet to see the report utilizing agricultural wastes such as cattle manure Vermicomposting seedling culturing substrate block and preparation method thereof.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect of prior art, a kind of cattle manure Vermicomposting seedling culturing substrate block and preparation method thereof is provided, the seedling culturing substrate block of the molding of the present invention can realize the higher value application of the organic wastes such as feces of livestock and poultry, the normal growth of crop can not only be met, seedling replanting integration can also be realized, do not hinder root, no seedling injury, without seedling-slowing stage, survival rate is high, and reduces the use pollution on the environment of plastics cave dish.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of cattle manure Vermicomposting is the seedling culturing substrate block of major ingredient, is prepared by following steps:
(1) preparation of mixed substrate material
1) by cattle manure through Vermicomposting process after substrate material, be ground into thread with the beater grinder with 4mm screen cloth, its volume parts is the 70%～80% of mixed substrate material cumulative volume；
2) by peat composed of rotten mosses dryness in the sun, addition is the 0～10% of mixed substrate material cumulative volume；
3) by rice straw dryness in the sun, being ground into thread with the beater grinder with 4mm screen cloth, addition is the 10%～20% of mixed substrate material cumulative volume；
4) using water-absorbing resin that expansion rate of water absorption is 1:50 as extender, addition is 3kg/m3；
5) other composition adds: by every 1m3Vermicomposting process after substrate material, the peat composed of rotten mosses and Caulis et Folium Oryzae silk compound add soil sterilants fenaminosulf 0.5kg；
(2) mixing of mixed substrate material
The step 1 that will prepare in step (1)), step 2) and step 3) material prepared first carries out premixing, again with the step 4 in step (1)) and step 5) material stirring prepared, mix homogeneously, then a small amount of water is added, uniformly it is sprayed at mixed material surface, and stir, control mixed material water content to 25%, stand-by as mixed substrate material after standing 24 hours with covered rearing with plastic film；
(3) substrate block molding
Mixed substrate material good for mixture is utilized particular manufacturing craft molding, is pressed into the auxotype seedling culturing substrate block meeting crop growth by former.By formula ratio using water-absorbing resin as extender, make cubical expansivity is original volume 2～3 times after substrate block water suction.Described forming matrix block has certain three-dimensional shape, and its size specification can be adjusted according to Different Crop.Add soil sterilants fenaminosulf purpose be to ensure that crop not by courses of infection.Cattle manure Vermicomposting substrate material ratio is improved, to increase the content of the soil organism under the premise ensureing substrate block quality.Add appropriate Caulis et Folium Oryzae silk, it is possible to make forming matrix block have better cohesive force, realize the recycling of rice straw simultaneously.
After uniform for various main ingredient mixtures, being delivered in special shaping device compressing, described substrate block is reserved with planting hole and water proof groove, material intergranular restructuring in compression process makes its in bulk that mutually bonds；It is delivered to dry place after the substrate block demoulding to stack.
The invention provides a kind of shaped device being exclusively used in seedling culturing substrate block, described device includes depression bar 1, base 2 and barrel 3, described depression bar 1 is placed in barrel 3, can slide up and down, described base 2 is placed in the lower end of barrel 3, described base 2 is provided with cone boss and the circle of a circle projection, corresponds respectively to planting hole and the water proof groove of forming matrix block.
Preferably, of the present invention cone boss circular cone upper diameter be 7mm, below diameter be 10mm；The protruding circle height of a described circle is 2.5mm, interior diameter be 30mm, overall diameter is 33mm.
The big I of substrate block is determined (diameter of adjustable depression bar, barrel and base) according to the root system of Different Crop and the size of nutritional requirement, and the diameter of the seedling culturing substrate block of the present invention generally length is 30～50mm；Height is 20mm～30mm.But it is not limited to this.
The height of the substrate block of the present invention and diameter can be adjusted according to mould size, the expansion rate of water absorption of forming matrix block is higher than 2, falls broken rate less than 1%, and during nursery, breakage rate is less than 5%, electrical conductivity (EC) value is less than 0.8ms/cm, and substrate emergence rate is not less than 95%.
During nursery, first substrate block adopting the form of micro-spray irrigate, then be sown in planting hole by seed and cover with the peat composed of rotten mosses, then micro-spray is watered again, and micro-spray every day irrigates substrate block or absorbs moisture (similar siphon) by substrate bottom.Reduce moving of substrate block, to prevent substrate block damaged during nursery as far as possible.
The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that
1. compared with conventional plastic hole plate seedling growth, present invention eliminates the use of plastics cave dish, decrease seedling cost, reduce its pollution to environment.
2. the substrate block nutrient of the present invention is sufficient, it is ensured that the needs of the normal growth of crop, and substrate block is prefabricated with planting hole simultaneously, makes planting seed and location more convenient.
3., after the application present invention, crop root is all grown in forming matrix block, and seedling replanting achieves integration, and do not hinder root, no seedling injury, without seedling-slowing stage.
4. crop be basically completed in substrate block can the growth in seedling stage, and robust plant, possess higher resistance, survival rate is not less than 95%.
5. during nursery, it is only necessary to crop irrigation, it is not necessary to add other nutrient；This seedling culturing substrate block peat composed of rotten mosses content is few, protects the natural resources of the peat composed of rotten mosses.
6. the main material of this seedling culturing substrate block is the wormcast and rice straw that process based on cattle manure, after entirety is transplanted to land for growing field crops, forming matrix block can gradually a prose style free from parallelism, effectively degrade, promoted organic also field, improved soil, be conducive to Circulation Agriculture Development.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: for present invention process flow chart (application for the nursery such as vegetable, Citrullus vulgaris).
Fig. 2: for the shaped device structural representation that present invention process is supporting.
Description of reference numerals: 1-depression bar；2-base；3-barrel；
Specific implementation method
Embodiment 1
By 0.7m3The cattle manure Vermicomposting substrate material (pulverizing through the beater grinder with 4mm screen cloth) pulverized and 0.1m3Peat composed of rotten mosses mix homogeneously, then with 0.2m3Rice straw silk (dry rice straw is pulverized through the beater grinder with 4mm screen cloth) after pulverizing carries out Homogeneous phase mixing, continues to add in the mixture 3Kg extender water-absorbing resin and 0.5Kg disinfectant fenaminosulf, obtains forming matrix raw material after mix homogeneously.Base starting material is delivered to special shaped device, prose style free from parallelism substrate material is made to realize granule restructuring in special shaping device under certain pressure (according to a conventional method) acts on, bonding mutually, there is in substrate block internal build the tridimensional network of certain dry and wet, intensity, and then possessed the substrate block feature that long period of soaking substrate block in water does not dissipate during nursery.After the demoulding, obtain the auxotype seedling culturing substrate block (being reserved with planting hole and water proof groove on described substrate block) meeting crop growth needs with space multistory shape.
The special shaping device of the seedling culturing substrate block supporting with present invention process, it includes depression bar 1, base 2 and barrel 3；Depression bar 1 is placed in barrel 3 (can slide up and down)；Base 2 is placed in the lower end of barrel 3, and base 2 is provided with cone boss and the circle of a circle projection, corresponds respectively to planting hole and the water proof groove of forming matrix block.Described cone boss circular cone upper diameter be 7mm, below diameter be 10mm；The protruding circle height of one circle is 2.5mm, interior diameter be 30mm, overall diameter is 33mm.The diameter of described depression bar, barrel and base is adjustable.
The seedling culturing substrate block of the present invention should adopt spraying to water, to reduce the scouring force that waters, it is prevented that substrate block is damaged.When seedling needs to transplant, it is transplanted to big Tanaka soon together with substrate.
Embodiment 2
Technique according to embodiment 1.
By 0.8m3The cattle manure Vermicomposting substrate material (pulverizing through the beater grinder with 4mm screen cloth) pulverized and 0.1m3Peat composed of rotten mosses mix homogeneously, then with 0.1m3Pulverize rice straw silk (dry rice straw is pulverized through the beater grinder with 4mm screen cloth), continue to add in the mixture 3Kg extender water-absorbing resin and 0.5Kg disinfectant fenaminosulf, after mix homogeneously, obtain forming matrix raw material.
Other preparation process is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Technique according to embodiment 1.
The present embodiment without adding peat composed of rotten mosses composition in forming matrix block raw material, by 0.7m3The cattle manure Vermicomposting substrate material (pulverizing through the beater grinder with 4mm screen cloth) pulverized and 0.3m3Pulverize rice straw silk (dry rice straw is pulverized through the beater grinder with 4mm screen cloth), add 3Kg in the mixture as the water-absorbing resin of extender and 0.5Kg as the fenaminosulf of soil sterilants, after mix homogeneously, obtain forming matrix raw material.
Other preparation process is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Technique according to embodiment 1.
The present embodiment without adding peat composed of rotten mosses composition in forming matrix block raw material, by 0.8m3The cattle manure Vermicomposting substrate material (pulverizing through band 4mm screen cloth beater grinder) pulverized and 0.2m3Pulverize rice straw silk (dry rice straw is pulverized through the beater grinder with 4mm screen cloth), continue to add in the mixture 3Kg extender water-absorbing resin and 0.5Kg disinfectant fenaminosulf, after mix homogeneously, obtain forming matrix raw material.
Claims (4)
1. a cattle manure Vermicomposting is the seedling culturing substrate block of major ingredient, it is characterised in that described seedling culturing substrate block is prepared by following steps:
(1) preparation of mixed substrate material
1) by cattle manure through Vermicomposting process after substrate material, be ground into thread with the beater grinder with 4mm screen cloth, its volume parts is the 70%～80% of mixed substrate material cumulative volume；
2) peat composed of rotten mosses dry in the sun being done, addition is the 0～10% of mixed substrate material cumulative volume；
3) rice straw dry in the sun being done, be ground into thread with the beater grinder with 4mm screen cloth, addition is the 10%～20% of mixed substrate material cumulative volume；
4) using expansion rate of water absorption be 1:50 water-absorbing resin as extender, addition is 3kg/m3；
5) other component addition: by every 1m3Vermicomposting process after substrate material, the peat composed of rotten mosses, Caulis et Folium Oryzae silk compound add soil sterilants fenaminosulf 0.5kg；
(2) mixing of mixed substrate material
The step 1 that will prepare in step (1)), step 2) and step 3) material prepared first carries out premixing, again with the step 4 in step (1)) and step 5) prepare material stirring, mix homogeneously, then a small amount of water is added, uniformly it is sprayed at mixed material surface, and stir, control mixed material water content to 25%, stand-by as mixed substrate material after standing 24 hours with covered rearing with plastic film；
(3) substrate block molding
In the mixed substrate material mixed, extender and soil sterilants is added by formula ratio, it is pressed into auxotype seedling culturing substrate block by special shaped device, described substrate block is reserved with planting hole and water proof groove, the seedling culturing substrate block demoulding after molding is placed on dry place and stacks.
2. it is exclusively used in the shaped device of seedling culturing substrate block described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described device includes depression bar (1), base (2) and barrel (3), described depression bar (1) is placed in barrel (3), can slide up and down, described base (2) is placed in the lower end of barrel (3), described base (2) is provided with cone boss and the circle of a circle projection, corresponds respectively to planting hole and the water proof groove of forming matrix block.
3. the shaped device of seedling culturing substrate block as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the circular cone upper diameter of described cone boss is 7mm, below diameter be 10mm；The protruding circle height of a described circle is 2.5mm, interior diameter be 30mm, overall diameter is 33mm.
4. the shaped device of seedling culturing substrate block as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the diameter of described depression bar (1), barrel (3) and base (2) is adjustable.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610163769.4A CN105777354A (en) | 2016-03-20 | 2016-03-20 | Bovine dung vermicompost seedling culture matrix block and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201610163769.4A CN105777354A (en) | 2016-03-20 | 2016-03-20 | Bovine dung vermicompost seedling culture matrix block and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107646613A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-02-02 | 江苏大学 | A kind of substrate block preparation method suitable for turfgrass |
| CN107926605A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-20 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of medium for tomato plug seedlings block and preparation method thereof |
| CN110683902A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-14 | 中国热带农业科学院分析测试中心 | Fertilizer suitable for artemisia selengensis and preparation method thereof |
| CN111837876A (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2020-10-30 | 湖南创价生态园林有限公司 | Production mold and processing method of planting cake |
| CN112119870A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-25 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Solidified matrix manufacturing device and process and solidified matrix manufactured by same |
| CN112167008A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-05 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Seedling substrate production device and process and seedling substrate block produced by same |
| CN112189534A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-08 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Floating cultivation substrate |
| CN112314391A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-02-05 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Microwave heating curing device and process and curing matrix manufactured by same |
| CN114651699A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-06-24 | 四川省亿尚农业旅游开发有限公司 | Method for preparing flower culture medium by using stems and leaves of fruit mulberry as main raw materials |
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| CN104365461A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-25 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Tea residue wormcast substrate suitable for leafy vegetable seedling and manufacturing method thereof |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107646613A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-02-02 | 江苏大学 | A kind of substrate block preparation method suitable for turfgrass |
| CN107646613B (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2020-06-26 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of matrix block suitable for turfgrass |
| CN107926605A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-20 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of medium for tomato plug seedlings block and preparation method thereof |
| CN110683902A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-14 | 中国热带农业科学院分析测试中心 | Fertilizer suitable for artemisia selengensis and preparation method thereof |
| CN111837876A (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2020-10-30 | 湖南创价生态园林有限公司 | Production mold and processing method of planting cake |
| CN112119870A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2020-12-25 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Solidified matrix manufacturing device and process and solidified matrix manufactured by same |
| CN112167008A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-05 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Seedling substrate production device and process and seedling substrate block produced by same |
| CN112189534A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-08 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Floating cultivation substrate |
| CN112314391A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-02-05 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Microwave heating curing device and process and curing matrix manufactured by same |
| CN112314391B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2023-03-07 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Microwave heating curing device and process and curing matrix manufactured by same |
| CN114651699A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-06-24 | 四川省亿尚农业旅游开发有限公司 | Method for preparing flower culture medium by using stems and leaves of fruit mulberry as main raw materials |
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