CN105769967A - 油菜花总黄酮的提取方法 - Google Patents

油菜花总黄酮的提取方法 Download PDF

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CN105769967A
CN105769967A CN201610194946.5A CN201610194946A CN105769967A CN 105769967 A CN105769967 A CN 105769967A CN 201610194946 A CN201610194946 A CN 201610194946A CN 105769967 A CN105769967 A CN 105769967A
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赵祥祥
卜翠萍
薛茗阁
纪丽莲
唐瑭
刘福霞
陈桂敏
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Abstract

本发明公开了油菜花总黄酮的提取方法,它包括以下具体操作步骤:(1)将新鲜油菜花置于50℃~60℃鼓风干燥箱中干燥至恒重,粉碎机粉碎至60~100目;(2)称取油菜花粉末,加入体积比60~80%的乙醇溶液,以1:10~1:20g/mL的料液比制成样品液,在60~80℃的温度回流提取50~90min;(3)将提取液冷却、抽滤,旋转蒸发仪减压浓缩去除溶剂,冷冻干燥后得油菜花总黄酮产品。本发明的方法简单,易于操作,提取成本低,终产品总黄酮含量高,安全。

Description

油菜花总黄酮的提取方法
技术领域
本发明涉及植物花的黄酮提取方法,具体涉及一种基于响应面优化的油菜花总黄酮的提取方法。
背景技术
黄酮类化合物是植物次生代谢产物,广泛存在于多种植物中,从天然植物中提取是获得黄酮的有效方法。这一类化合物是天然的抗氧化剂,具有清除人体中超氧离子自由基、抗衰老、增强机体免疫力、调节血糖血脂等生理活性。因此,黄酮类化合物在药品、保健品以及食品添加剂等方面都有广阔的应用前景。
油菜是世界四大油料作物之一,也属于花卉类蔬菜和重要的蜜源植物。鲜嫩的油菜花可食用,富含蛋白质、氨基酸、脂质、碳水化合物等多种营养物质,及钙、铁、锌、硒等微量元素。油菜花中黄酮类化合物种类多样且含量丰富,是油菜蜂花粉和油菜蜜中黄酮类化合物的来源。目前,关于油菜蜂花粉中黄酮类化合物的研究较多,但油菜花中黄酮类化合物的提取工艺、种类、生物活性等都少有报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是:提供一种油菜花总黄酮的提取方法,提取率高,黄酮结构损坏小,提取溶剂安全,提取成本低。
本发明的技术解决方案是该油菜花总黄酮的提取方法包括以下具体操作步骤:
(1)将新鲜油菜花置于50℃~60℃鼓风干燥箱中干燥至恒重,粉碎机粉碎至60~100目;
(2)称取油菜花粉末,加入体积比60~80%的乙醇溶液,以1:10~1:20g/mL的料液比制成样品液,在60~80℃的温度回流提取50~90min;
(3)将提取液冷却、抽滤,旋转蒸发仪减压浓缩去除溶剂,冷冻干燥后得油菜花总黄酮产品。
本发明利用单因素实验设计考察乙醇浓度、料液比(油菜花粉末质量(单位为g)与所用乙醇体积(单位为mL)的比)、提取温度、提取时间四个因素对黄酮提取量的影响,综合单因素实验结果,再利用响应面实验设计考察对黄酮提取率影响较大的因素,得到以油菜花黄酮提取率为响应值的回归方程:黄酮提取率=2.99+0.096A+0.031B+0.053C-0.025AB-0.063AC-0.017BC-0.16A2-0.063B2-0.15C2,最终,每克油菜花可得到的黄酮产品中总黄酮含量是30.49mg。
附图说明
图1为芦丁标准曲线图。
图2为乙醇浓度对黄酮提取量的影响。
图3为提取时间对黄酮提取量的影响。
图4为温度对黄酮提取量的影响。
图5为液料比对黄酮提取量的影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例,进一步详细地描述本发明的技术方案。应理解,这些实施例只是为了举例说明本发明,而非以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
下述实施例中所得油菜花总黄酮产品中总黄酮含量测定方法如下:
(1)仪器与试药:IS9001电子天平,Sartotius公司;InfiniteM200PRO酶标仪,瑞士Tecan公司;FW100高速万能粉碎机,天津市秦思特仪器有限公司;RE2000旋转蒸发仪,上海亚荣生化仪器厂;SHB-Ⅲ循环水式多用真空泵,郑州长城科工贸有限公司;DHG-9140A电热恒温水浴锅,上海精宏实验设备有限公司;DK-S28电热恒温鼓风干燥器,上海精宏实验设备有限公司;芦丁对照品,Sigma公司;无水乙醇、亚硝酸钠、硝酸铝、氢氧化钠均为分析纯,国药集团化学试剂有限公司。
(2)芦丁标准曲线的制备:精密称取105℃干燥至质量恒定的芦丁标准品50mg,用质量浓度70%乙醇定容至100mL,混匀,制得芦丁标准品溶液,备用;精密移取芦丁标准品溶液0、0.08、0.16、0.24、0.32、0.40、0.48mL分别置于Ep管内用70%乙醇补足体积至0.48mL,混匀,加入5%NaNO20.08mL,混匀后静置6min,加入10%Al(N03)30.08mL,混匀后静置6min,加入4%NaOH0.8mL,再加入0.56mL70%乙醇使体积为2mL,混匀后静置15min,分别精密移取0.2mL不同浓度的芦丁标准品溶液置于96孔板,于510nm下测定吸光值;以芦丁浓度为横坐标,吸光值为纵坐标绘制标准曲线,如图1;结果得吸光度与芦丁浓度的标准曲线Y=4.6346X+0.0383(X:芦丁浓度,mg/mLY:吸光值),R2=0.9998。
(3)含量测定及总黄酮得率计算方法:油菜花提取液用相应溶剂定容后,吸取一定量于Ep管中;按照芦丁标准曲线制作方法测定样品反应液在510nm波长下的吸光值,用回归方程计算对应的总黄酮浓度c;油菜花提取液中总黄酮得率为:
K=
式中:K为总黄酮得率,%;C为与提取液吸光度对应的黄酮质量浓度,mg/ml;V为提取液的定容体积,mL;V1为测量液的定容体积,mL;V0为测量时量取的体积,mL;m为油菜花干粉的质量,mg。
实施例1:根据本发明提供的方法,选用不同条件进行油菜花中总黄酮提取。
1.乙醇浓度对油菜花总黄酮提取量的影响:准确称取500mg油菜花粉末,分别用50%、60%、70%、80%、90%(V/V)乙醇以1:10的料液比在70℃水浴回流提取60min,抽滤,将提取液定容到25mL,测定总黄酮含量;平行提取三次,比较不同乙醇浓度对黄酮提取率的影响,结果见图2。
2.提取时间对黄酮提取量的影响:准确称取500mg油菜花粉末,用70%(V/V)乙醇以1:10的物料比分别在70℃水浴回流提取30min、60min、90min、120min、150min,抽滤,将提取液定容到25mL,测定总黄酮含量;平行提取三次,比较不同提取时间对黄酮提取率的影响,结果见表3。
3.提取温度对黄酮提取量的影响:准确称取500mg油菜花粉末,用70%(V/V)乙醇以1:10的物料比分别在50℃、60℃、70℃、80℃、90℃水浴回流提取60min,抽滤,将提取液定容到25mL,测定总黄酮含量;平行提取三次,比较温度对黄酮提取率的影响,结果见表4。
4.液料比对黄酮提取量的影响:准确称取500mg油菜花粉末,用70%(V/V)乙醇分别以1:5、1:10、1:15、1:20、1:25的料液比在70℃水浴回流提取60min,抽滤,将提取液定容到25mL,测定总黄酮含量;平行提取三次,比较不同液料比对黄酮提取率的影响,结果见表5。
实施例2:响应面法优化提取设计
根据Box-Behnken的中心组合实验设计原理,结合单因素条件优化得到的数据,对乙醇浓度、温度、料液比三个因素作为试验因素,以总黄酮提取率为响应值设计实验,实验因素及水平见表1;响应面分析方案及结果见表2;响应面方差分析见表3。
表1油菜花黄酮提取响应面实验因素与水平
表2Box-Behnken实验设计方案及实验结果
采用响应面分析法分析实验结果,得到以油菜花黄酮提取率为响应值的回归方程:黄酮提取率=2.99+0.096A+0.031B+0.053C-0.025AB-0.063AC-0.017BC-0.16A2-0.063B2-0.15C2;根据响应面分析所建立的数学模型,得到最佳提取工艺条件;在最佳提取工艺条件下,总黄酮提取率预测值为3.00%;我们根据最佳工艺条件,进行三次验证试验,得到平均提取率为3.01%;实验结果与预测值接近,说明所建模型与实际情况拟合很好,响应面法对油菜花总黄酮提取方法的优化切实可行。
目前还没有油菜花黄酮提取方法的报道。但油菜蜂花粉的研究较多,华中农业大学王芙蓉等对油菜花粉总黄酮的提取工艺进行研究,分别对破壁与未破壁花粉进行提取,总黄酮得率分别为3.167%和2.10%。本发明的总黄酮提取率为3.01%,明显高于未破壁花粉,接近破壁花粉的提取率,这说明本发明通过响应面法优化得到的油菜花总黄酮提取工艺提取效果较好。
应当理解的是,对本领域普通技术人员来说,可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换,而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (3)

1.油菜花总黄酮的提取方法,其特征是它包括以下具体操作步骤:
(1)将新鲜油菜花置于50℃~60℃鼓风干燥箱中干燥至恒重,粉碎机粉碎至60~100目;
(2)称取油菜花粉末,加入体积比60~80%的乙醇溶液,以1:10~1:20g/mL的料液比制成样品液,在60~80℃的温度回流提取50~90min;
(3)将提取液冷却、抽滤,旋转蒸发仪减压浓缩去除溶剂,冷冻干燥后得油菜花总黄酮产品。
2.如权利要求1所述的油菜花总黄酮的提取方法,其特征是:所述步骤(1)中,油菜花在50℃~60℃鼓风干燥箱中干燥24h至恒重,经粉碎机粉碎,过60目筛。
3.如权利要求1所述的油菜花总黄酮的提取,其特征是:所述步骤(2)中,油菜花回流提取次数为三次。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110101733A (zh) * 2019-03-27 2019-08-09 淮阴师范学院 油菜花总黄酮的纯化方法
CN110721140A (zh) * 2019-11-29 2020-01-24 海南女人春天美容有限公司 一种暖宫呵护膜粉及其制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
孙茜等: "油菜花多糖提取工艺优化研究", 《中国农学通报》 *
阮征等: "油菜花粉中黄酮类物质提取工艺的优化研究", 《食品科学》 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110101733A (zh) * 2019-03-27 2019-08-09 淮阴师范学院 油菜花总黄酮的纯化方法
CN110721140A (zh) * 2019-11-29 2020-01-24 海南女人春天美容有限公司 一种暖宫呵护膜粉及其制备方法

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