CN105732927B - 铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料及制备方法 - Google Patents

铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料及制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN105732927B
CN105732927B CN201610100130.1A CN201610100130A CN105732927B CN 105732927 B CN105732927 B CN 105732927B CN 201610100130 A CN201610100130 A CN 201610100130A CN 105732927 B CN105732927 B CN 105732927B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
polyether polyol
aluminum alloy
compound polyurethane
alloy doors
preparation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201610100130.1A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN105732927A (zh
Inventor
朱彦
于大海
唐劲松
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shanghai Huafeng Material Science And Technology Research Institute (limited Partnership)
Original Assignee
Shanghai Huafeng Material Science And Technology Research Institute (limited Partnership)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shanghai Huafeng Material Science And Technology Research Institute (limited Partnership) filed Critical Shanghai Huafeng Material Science And Technology Research Institute (limited Partnership)
Priority to CN201610100130.1A priority Critical patent/CN105732927B/zh
Publication of CN105732927A publication Critical patent/CN105732927A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN105732927B publication Critical patent/CN105732927B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/63—Block or graft polymers obtained by polymerising compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds on to polymers
    • C08G18/632—Block or graft polymers obtained by polymerising compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds on to polymers onto polyethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
    • C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
    • C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
    • C08G18/3271—Hydroxyamines
    • C08G18/3278—Hydroxyamines containing at least three hydroxy groups
    • C08G18/3284—Hydroxyamines containing at least three hydroxy groups containing four hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
    • C08G18/4072—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/63 with other macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48—Polyethers
    • C08G18/4854—Polyethers containing oxyalkylene groups having four carbon atoms in the alkylene group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/6552—Compounds of group C08G18/63
    • C08G18/6558—Compounds of group C08G18/63 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • C08G18/6564—Compounds of group C08G18/63 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/6552—Compounds of group C08G18/63
    • C08G18/6558—Compounds of group C08G18/63 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • C08G18/657—Compounds of group C08G18/63 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of C08G18/3225 or C08G18/3271 or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
    • C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
    • C08G18/667—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • C08G18/6674—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3203
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
    • C08G18/6666—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52
    • C08G18/667—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • C08G18/6681—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38
    • C08G18/6688—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3271
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
    • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
    • C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
    • C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
    • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
    • C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
    • C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
    • C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料及制备方法，所述铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料，包括A料和B料；A料是包括聚合物多元醇、端氨基聚醚、小分子扩链剂、催化剂和填料硅灰石为原料制备的；B料是以异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇为原料制备得到的预聚物；A料和B料中所有的NCO基团对OH基团和NH基团的当量比为1.0～1.1。本发明通过配方调整，可以得到冲击性能极佳的的聚氨酯样板；而通过加入填料纳米硅灰石，在所有性能指标皆满足国标要求的情况下，大大降低产品的成本。

Description

铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种聚氨酯复合材料。
背景技术
气候变化是当今环境面临的重大挑战之一。在满足资源能量需求日益增长的同时，提高能源效益是保护社会环境的最重要途径。根据研究报告显示，有50％的能量由于建筑墙壁和窗户缺乏良好的隔热性能而流失。建筑节能是降低能耗以应对全球变暖问题的最有效方法。
窗户可以使用不同材料以达到隔热性能。其中，隔热型铝合金提供了一种很好的解决途径。其主体为铝材，型材中间用塑料型材腔体做断热材料。这种创新结构设计，兼顾了塑料和铝合金两种材料的优势，同时满足装饰效果和门窗强度及耐老性能的多种要求。隔热断桥铝塑型材可实现门窗的三道密封结构，合理分离水汽腔，成功实现气水等压平衡，显著提高门窗的水密性和气密性。
其优势为：(1)隔热铝门窗的气密性比任何铝、塑窗都好，能保证风沙大的地区室内窗台和地板无灰尘；(2)能保证在高速公路两侧50米的居民不受噪音干扰；(3)而且热传导性比非隔热铝合金型材门窗降低40～70％。
目前，全世界各地的建筑行业对窗户隔热的两种主要方法为：
(1)穿条：把塑料挤成合适的条状，再通过机械开齿、穿条、滚压等工序形成“隔热桥”，称为隔热型材“穿条式”。现在主要材料以尼龙66(PA66Gf25隔热条)为主流材料。
(2)浇注：把隔热材料浇注入铝合金型材的隔热腔体内，经过固化，去除断桥金属等工序形成“隔热桥”，称为“浇注式”隔热型材。隔热胶的优良性能首先是由于微相区的形成，而不单纯是由于硬链段和软链段之间的氢键所致。最初以不饱和树脂为原料，现在以双液型聚氨酯弹性体为主流材料。
但受地域，气候的影响，避免因隔热材料和铝型材的线膨胀系数的差距很大，在热胀冷缩时二者之间产生较大应力和间隙；同时隔热材料和铝型材组合成一体，在门窗和幕墙结构中，同样和铝材一样受力。因此，要求隔热材料还必须有与铝合金型材相接近的抗拉强度、抗弯强度，膨胀系数和弹性模量，否则就会使隔热桥遭到断开和破坏。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料及制备方法，以克服现有技术存在的上述缺陷。
本发明所述的种铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料，包括A料和B料；
所述的A料是包括聚合物多元醇、端氨基聚醚、小分子扩链剂、催化剂和填料硅灰石为原料制备的；
所述的B料是以异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇为原料制备得到的预聚物；
A料和B料中所有的NCO基团对OH基团和NH基团的当量比为1.0～1.1；
A料与B料的重量比为：A料∶B料＝1∶1.1～1.5；
优选的：A料与B料的重量比为：A料∶B料＝1∶1.12～1.47；
优选的，A料中各组分的重量份为：
优选的，B料中各组分的重量份为：
多苯基多甲基多异氰酸酯 80～108份
二异氰酸酯 3～5份
聚醚多元醇 39～55份
异氰酸酯与聚醚多元醇重量比为65～71∶29～35，异氰酸酯指数范围在17.6％～20.0％。
A料中：
所述的聚合物多元醇为以共聚醚三醇为基础的苯乙烯-丙烯腈接枝聚合物，聚合物多元醇的数均分子量为4000～6000；
所述的四羟基聚醚多元醇为以乙二胺为起始剂的四羟基聚醚或以甲苯二胺为起始剂的四羟基聚醚或以季戊四醇为起始剂的四羟基聚醚中的一种；
优选的，四羟基聚醚多元醇为乙二胺为起始剂的四羟基聚醚，数均分子量为300～500。
所述的小分子扩链剂为乙二醇、1，3-丙二醇、1，4-丁二醇、一缩二乙二醇、一缩二丙二醇中的一种或多种；
优选的，所述的小分子扩链剂为一缩二乙二醇和一缩二丙二醇的混合物，重量比为：
一缩二乙二醇∶一缩二丙二醇＝1∶0.9～1.1；
所述的催化剂为有机金属催化剂，可以采用本领域现有的任一种。例如，有机金属类催化剂可以使用有机锡、有机铋等。有机锡催化剂如二辛基二乙酸锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡、二乙酸二丁基锡、马来酸二丁基锡、辛酸亚锡，有机铋催化剂如新癸酸铋等。优选的，采用有机锡类催化剂，通过对催化剂使用含量和比例的调整，催化剂优选含量在0.006～0.01份，可以得到拥有合适反应活性及优良物理性能的聚氨酯复合材料。
所述填料优选纳米碳酸钙、滑石粉、硫酸钡、石英与硅灰石的一种。优选的，填料为纳米硅灰石。
B料中：
所述的聚醚多元醇为聚氧化乙烯二醇、聚氧化丙烯二醇、聚四氢呋喃二醇中的至少一种；
优选的，所述的聚醚多元醇为聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚合物多元醇的数均分子量为1000～2000。
所述的异氰酸酯为4，4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)，2，4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯，碳化二亚胺改性4，4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯，多苯基多甲基多异氰酸酯中至少一种。优选的，制备低聚物的异氰酸酯为4，4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)，多苯基多甲基多异氰酸酯的混合物。
本发明对聚醚多元醇与异氰酸酯制备预聚物的方法没有特别的限制，本领域技术人员可以根据现有技术制备预聚物。
本发明的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)A料的制备：
将聚合物多元醇、四羟基聚醚多元醇、小分子扩链剂、催化剂及填料，充分搅拌混合好后升温至110～130℃，真空脱水约3～4小时，而后降温至50℃～70℃，出料密闭封装即得A组分；
(2)B料的制备：
将聚醚多元醇加入异氰酸酯，混合，在70～90℃反应1～3小时，过滤，获得B料；
优选的，将聚醚多元醇通过分批次逐步加入的方式加入异氰酸酯，有利于反应的平稳进行。比如，在70～90℃下，每25～35分钟，将聚醚多元醇加入异氰酸酯，添加完后继续反应；
(3)将A料与B料通过低压浇注机混合均匀，注入模具制备得到聚氨酯复合材料。
本发明的有益效果是：
在《铝合金建筑型材用辅助材料第2部分：聚氨酯隔热胶材料》的国标要求中，悬臂梁冲击强度是所有性能中的核心指标。本发明通过配方调整，可以得到冲击性能极佳的的聚氨酯样板；而通过加入填料纳米硅灰石，在所有性能指标皆满足国标要求的情况下，大大降低产品的成本。
具体实施方式
本发明将借助下面的实施例详细描述，应注意本发明的实施例只是对本发明的内容予以解释说明，并不构成对本发明技术方案的限制。
以下实施例中的原料如没有特别说明，均为市售。
将A料和B料温度调整至(30±1)℃。将内部有效尺寸为180mm(长)*120mm(宽)*6/3mm(高)的铝合金模具主体内侧及盖板内侧涂覆一定量的脱模剂，将此模具主体及盖板在30℃烘箱烘焙30分钟后取出，使模具在使用前表面涂覆的脱模剂得以烘干。将A料和B料混合好注射到模具中。注射量的设置由计划取得的材料密度与模具内部尺寸决定，注射量的公式如下：
m(注射量)＝ρ(设计密度)*V(模具体积)
例如，要取得1g/cm3的模塑样品，需要的注射量为129.6g＝1*18*12*0.6。类似的，可以制备不同密度的模塑样品。当注射结束时，迅速合模，并用模具上的螺栓将盖板旋紧。将模具迅速放回30℃烘箱。待样品熟化后，将模具取出，开模，取出模塑样品称重。计算得到相应的模塑样品密度。模具继续放回30℃烘箱烘焙。
用于物理性能测试的样品准备：
将模塑样品放置于70士5℃烘箱24士2h加速熟化，取出样品置于室温环境中2d进行状态调节，室温环境为温度(23士2)℃，相对湿度(50士5)％或者温度(25士2)℃，相对湿度：(65士5)％)。利用气压切片仪配合相应冲压件制备得到待测性能的样品。
性能测试：
对样品分别进行邵氏硬度、抗拉强度、断裂应变、冲击强度、符合变形温度与导热系数方面的测试。测试方法及测试结果如表2所示。
表1聚氨酯复合材料的原料及重量份
实施例1和实施例5中，聚合物多元醇1为GPOP-3410；
实施例2、实施例3和实施例4中，聚合物多元醇2为GPOP-2042；
上述实施例中，四羟基聚醚多元醇1为数均分子量为300的乙二胺聚醚多元醇，四羟基聚醚多元醇2为数均分子量为500的乙二胺聚醚多元醇。
表2聚氨酯复合材料的物理性能
实施例1～2的制备方法：
(1)A料的制备：
将聚合物多元醇、四羟基聚醚多元醇、小分子扩链剂、催化剂及填料，充分搅拌混合好后升温至110℃，真空脱水3个小时，而后降温至70℃，出料密闭封装即得A组分；
(2)B料的制备：
在90℃下，每25分钟，将聚醚多元醇加入异氰酸酯，添加完后继续反应；反应时间为1小时，过滤，获得B料；
(3)将A料与B料通过低压浇注机混合均匀，注入模具制备得到聚氨酯复合材料。
实施例3的制备方法：
(1)A料的制备：
将聚合物多元醇、四羟基聚醚多元醇、小分子扩链剂、催化剂及填料，充分搅拌混合好后升温至120℃，真空脱水3个小时，而后降温至60℃，出料密闭封装即得A组分；
(2)B料的制备：
在90℃下，每30分钟，将聚醚多元醇加入异氰酸酯，添加完后继续反应；反应时间为2小时，过滤，获得B料；
(3)将A料与B料通过低压浇注机混合均匀，注入模具制备得到聚氨酯复合材料。实施例4～5的制备方法：
(1)A料的制备：
将聚合物多元醇、四羟基聚醚多元醇、小分子扩链剂、催化剂及填料，充分搅拌混合好后升温至130℃，真空脱水4个小时，而后降温至50℃，出料密闭封装即得A组分；
(2)B料的制备：
在70℃下，每35分钟，将聚醚多元醇加入异氰酸酯，添加完后继续反应；反应时间为3小时，过滤，获得B料；
(3)将A料与B料通过低压浇注机混合均匀，注入模具制备得到聚氨酯复合材料。
根据上述实施例试验数据可见：经过配方调整，可以制备各种物理性能都满足国标要求的聚氨酯样板，尤其是核心指标悬臂梁冲击强度，可以调节配方在其他性能皆满足要求的情况下进行大幅度改变；而纳米硅灰石的加入可以相当程度的降低原料成本。
以上实施例，仅是本发明的较优实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制。凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例作任何简单的修改，等同变化和修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (7)

1.铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，包括A料和B料；
所述的A料是包括聚合物多元醇、四羟基聚醚多元醇、小分子扩链剂、催化剂和填料硅灰石为原料制备的；
所述的B料是以异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇为原料制备得到的预聚物；
所述A料中各组分的重量份为：
B料中各组分的重量份为：
多苯基多甲基多异氰酸酯 80～108份
二异氰酸酯 3～5份
聚醚多元醇 39～55份
所述A料中：
所述的聚合物多元醇为以共聚醚三醇为基础的苯乙烯-丙烯腈接枝聚合物，聚合物多元醇的数均分子量为4000～6000；
所述的四羟基聚醚多元醇为以乙二胺为起始剂的四羟基聚醚或以甲苯二胺为起始剂的四羟基聚醚或以季戊四醇为起始剂的四羟基聚醚中的一种，数均分子量为300～500；
A料和B料中所有的NCO基团对OH基团的当量比为1.0～1.1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，A料与B料的重量比为：A料∶B料＝1∶1.1～1.5。
3.根据权利要求1所述的铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，A料与B料的重量比为：A料∶B料＝1∶1.12～1.47。
4.根据权利要求1所述的铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，在B料中，异氰酸酯与聚醚多元醇重量比为65～71∶29～35，异氰酸酯指数范围在17.6％～20.0％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述的小分子扩链剂为一缩二乙二醇和一缩二丙二醇的混合物，重量比为：一缩二乙二醇∶一缩二丙二醇＝1∶0.9～1.1；
所述的聚醚多元醇为聚四氢呋喃二醇，聚合物多元醇的数均分子量为1000～2000；
所述异氰酸酯为4，4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)，多苯基多甲基多异氰酸酯的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1～5任一项所述的铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)A料的制备：
将聚合物多元醇、四羟基聚醚多元醇、小分子扩链剂、催化剂及填料，搅拌混合好后升温真空脱水，而后降温至50℃～70℃，出料密闭封装即得A组分；
(2)B料的制备：
将聚醚多元醇加入异氰酸酯，混合，在70～90℃反应1～3小时，过滤，获得B料；
(3)将A料与B料通过低压浇注机混合均匀，注入模具制备得到聚氨酯复合材料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，将聚醚多元醇在70～90℃下，每25～35分钟，将聚醚多元醇加入异氰酸酯，添加完后继续反应。
CN201610100130.1A 2016-02-23 2016-02-23 铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料及制备方法 Active CN105732927B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610100130.1A CN105732927B (zh) 2016-02-23 2016-02-23 铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料及制备方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610100130.1A CN105732927B (zh) 2016-02-23 2016-02-23 铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料及制备方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN105732927A CN105732927A (zh) 2016-07-06
CN105732927B true CN105732927B (zh) 2019-03-29

Family

ID=56248401

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201610100130.1A Active CN105732927B (zh) 2016-02-23 2016-02-23 铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料及制备方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN105732927B (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106380566B (zh) * 2016-08-29 2019-01-22 山东科力美实业有限公司 汽车用纳米交联tpu材料的制备方法
CN107964346A (zh) * 2017-12-27 2018-04-27 苏州研姿材料科技有限公司 一种复合材料及其制作方法
CN114133528B (zh) * 2022-01-04 2024-02-02 广东五恒新材料有限公司 一种建筑门窗型材用聚氨酯材料、建筑门窗型材及其制备方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102604582A (zh) * 2012-02-06 2012-07-25 湖北紫锦新材料科技有限公司 双组分聚氨酯密封隔热胶
CN103641972A (zh) * 2013-12-09 2014-03-19 山东一诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 高弹性聚氨酯门窗密封条及其制备方法
CN104163911A (zh) * 2014-08-06 2014-11-26 蒋鹏 一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料及制备方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102604582A (zh) * 2012-02-06 2012-07-25 湖北紫锦新材料科技有限公司 双组分聚氨酯密封隔热胶
CN103641972A (zh) * 2013-12-09 2014-03-19 山东一诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 高弹性聚氨酯门窗密封条及其制备方法
CN104163911A (zh) * 2014-08-06 2014-11-26 蒋鹏 一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料及制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105732927A (zh) 2016-07-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101585901B (zh) 一种聚氨酯泡沫材料及其制备方法和用途
CN107602817B (zh) 一种高耐寒聚氨酯减震垫及其制备方法
KR100739966B1 (ko) 탄성체의 제조 방법
AU604131B2 (en) Process for the preparation of cold setting flexible polyurethane molded foams
CN105732927B (zh) 铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料及制备方法
CN104558489B (zh) 铁路道砟用聚氨酯软泡材料及其制备方法
CN110305292A (zh) 一种低动静刚度比聚氨酯微孔弹性垫板的制备方法
EP1757632A3 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von thermoplastisch verarbeitbaren Polyurethanen
JPH093154A (ja) 脂肪族ポリイソシアネートとポリエステルエーテルポリオールとから作成されるポリウレタンエラストマー
EP0309217B2 (en) Manufacture of polyurethane foam
CZ298395B6 (cs) Zpusob výroby polyuretanového materiálu
CN103261295A (zh) 模塑刚性聚氨酯泡沫体的方法
CN109265639A (zh) 一种具有耐热性的改性聚氨酯组合物
CN109867768A (zh) 一种形变-温度敏感的聚氨酯硬质多孔材料及其制备方法
JPS6015418A (ja) ポリウレタン成形物の物性改良方法
WO2010126587A2 (en) Sprayable elastomeric polyurethane foam and process for its production
JPS63314230A (ja) 反応射出成形用ポリウレタンを形成するための活性水素含有組成物
CN106674480A (zh) Ndi改性mdi基聚氨酯微孔弹性体的制备方法
EP0295568B1 (en) A process for manufacturing rigid polyurethane foam
AU2016242839A1 (en) Polyether polyol compositions
US20070287785A1 (en) Polyurethane resin for heat-insulating sash
CN103788332B (zh) Ndi改性mdi基聚氨酯微孔弹性体的制备方法
CN114981330A (zh) 异氰酸酯反应性组合物
JP2002053641A (ja) エネルギー吸収用水発泡低密度ポリウレタンフォームおよびその製造方法
JP5895685B2 (ja) ポリオキシアルキレンポリオールを用いたポリウレタンフォームの製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant