CN104163911A - 一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104163911A
CN104163911A CN201410381868.0A CN201410381868A CN104163911A CN 104163911 A CN104163911 A CN 104163911A CN 201410381868 A CN201410381868 A CN 201410381868A CN 104163911 A CN104163911 A CN 104163911A
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料及制备方法，采用以下技术方案：聚醚多元醇：40~55；单羟基聚环氧乙烷：20~35；聚四氢呋喃：30~45；辛酸亚锡：1.2~3.0；有机硅油：5~8.5；发泡剂：20~35；水：1.5~4.5；纳米空心微珠20~40；聚4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯：120~200。本发明所制保温材料隔音、隔热性能优异，阻燃，节能，吸水率低，且工艺操作简单，安全，无毒，适宜于工业化生产。

Description

一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料及制备方法
技术领域：
本发明涉及保温材料领域，特别涉及一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料及制备方法。
背景技术：
硬质聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)是一种具有保温隔热和一定防水功能的新型合成高分子材料，由异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇在催化剂、匀泡剂、发泡剂等多种助剂的相互作用下反应而成。该泡沫具有良好的保温、隔热功能，导热系数为0．22 w／(m ·k)，非常有利于建筑节能，且不透水、不吸湿、绝缘、吸音、耐油、耐化学腐蚀等。与其他泡沫塑料相比，还具有无毒、无异味、耐温等特性。它对金属、砼、砖、石、木材、玻璃等有很强的黏结性。添加阻燃剂的制品具有远火自熄性，能根据用户需要达到国家一级消防要求。
保温材料一般是指导热系数小于或等于0.2的材料，当今，全球保温隔热材料正朝着高效、节能、薄层、隔热、防水外护一体化方向发展，在发展新型保温隔热材料及符合结构保温节能技术同时，更强调有针对性使用保温绝热材料，按标准规范设计及施工，努力提高保温效率及降低成本。普通的硬质聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)在其尺寸稳定性及隔音隔热性能等方面已经达不到生活要求。近年来国内因保温材料发生的火灾事故，已经让人们清楚地意识到了推广应用具有良好防火性能的节能保温材料的必要性和紧迫性，保温材料亟待升级换代。
发明内容：
发明目的：针对现有技术中的缺陷，提供了一种隔音、隔热性能优异，阻燃，节能，吸水率低的纳米空心微珠改性聚氨酯保温材料及其制备方法。
为实现上述发明目的，一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料，采用以下技术方案(各组份以重量分数计算)：
聚醚多元醇                      40~55
单羟基聚环氧乙烷                 20~35
聚四氢呋喃                      30~45
辛酸亚锡                        1. 2~3.0
有机硅油                        5~8.5
发泡剂                          20~35
水                             1.5~4.5
纳米空心微珠                  20~40
聚4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯      120~200
所述催化剂为辛酸亚锡。
所述有机硅油为聚醚改性有机硅油SF-8427。    
所述发泡剂为HFC-245FA。
所述纳米空心微珠平均粒径为10~100nm。
其制备方法步骤如下：
在一带温度调节装置的干燥、清洁的搅拌反应釜中，加入计量的聚醚多元醇，单羟基聚环氧乙烷和聚四氢呋喃，充满氮气或惰性气体进行保护，加热至30~80℃，依次加入催化剂，聚4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯，有机硅油，发泡剂，水，充分搅拌0.5~3小时，降温至25~28℃，在上述步骤所得到的产物中加入纳米空心微珠，低速搅拌分散均匀，泡沫稳定后注入模具中，于40~60℃下熟化50~180分钟，脱模，得到一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料。
根据以上的技术方案，可以实现以下的有益效果：本发明所制保温材料隔音、隔热性能优异，阻燃，节能，吸水率低，且工艺操作简单，安全，无毒，适宜于工业化生产。 
具体实施方式：
    下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步地详细说明，但是本发明要求保护的范围并不局限于实施例表示的范围。
实施例1：
一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料，各组份以重量分数计算：
聚醚多元醇                      40
单羟基聚环氧乙烷                 30
聚四氢呋喃                      30
辛酸亚锡                        2
有机硅油SF-8427                 8
HFC-245FA                      20
水                             1.5
纳米空心微珠                    30
聚4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯      150。
制备时：称量聚醚多元醇，单羟基聚环氧乙烷和聚四氢呋喃加入反应釜中，充满氮气或惰性气体进行保护，加热至30~80℃，依次加入辛酸亚锡，聚4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯， SF-8427，HFC-245FA，水，充分搅拌2小时，降温至25~28℃，在上述步骤所得到的产物中加入纳米空心微珠，低速搅拌分散均匀，泡沫稳定后注入模具中，于40~60℃下熟化120分钟，脱模，得到一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料。技术指标如下：
模塑芯密度：         34.9kg/m3
导热系数:            0.0195W/m.K
压缩强度:            189.8kpa。
实施例2：
各组份以重量分数计算：
聚醚多元醇                      50
单羟基聚环氧乙烷                 20
聚四氢呋喃                      30
辛酸亚锡                        2
有机硅油SF-8427                 8
HFC-245FA                      20
水                             1.5
纳米空心微珠                    40
聚4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯      160
制备方法如实施例1。技术指标如下：
模塑芯密度：         35.0kg/m3
导热系数:            0.0191W/m.K
压缩强度:            191.6kpa。
实施例3：
一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料，各组份以重量分数计算：
聚醚多元醇                      40
单羟基聚环氧乙烷                 30
聚四氢呋喃                      40
辛酸亚锡                        2
有机硅油SF-8427                 8
HFC-245FA                      20
水                             1.5
纳米空心微珠                    30
聚4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯      150
制备方法如实施例1。技术指标如下：
模塑芯密度：         35.6kg/m3
导热系数:            0.0188W/m.K
压缩强度:            189.3kpa。
实施例4：
一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料，各组份以重量分数计算：
聚醚多元醇                      50
单羟基聚环氧乙烷                 35
聚四氢呋喃                      40
辛酸亚锡                        2
有机硅油SF-8427                 8
HFC-245FA                      20
水                             1.5
纳米空心微珠                    40
聚4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯      180
制备方法如实施例1。技术指标如下：
模塑芯密度：         35.1kg/m3
导热系数:            0.0182W/m.K
压缩强度:            190.3kpa。

Claims (6)

1.一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料，其特征在于：采用以下技术方案：
聚醚多元醇                      40~55
单羟基聚环氧乙烷                 20~35
聚四氢呋喃                      30~45
催化剂                        1. 2~3.0
有机硅油                        5~8.5
发泡剂                          20~35
水                             1.5~4.5
纳米空心微珠                   20~40
聚4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯      120~200
以上各组份以重量分数计算。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料，其特征在于：催化剂为辛酸亚锡。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料，其特征在于：有机硅油为聚醚改性有机硅油SF-8427。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料，其特征在于：发泡剂为HFC-245FA。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料，其特征在于：纳米空心微珠的平均粒径为10~100nm。
6.根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤如下：在一带温度调节装置的干燥、清洁的搅拌反应釜中，加入计量的聚醚多元醇，单羟基聚环氧乙烷和聚四氢呋喃，充满氮气或惰性气体进行保护，加热至30~80℃，依次加入催化剂，聚4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯，有机硅油，发泡剂，水，充分搅拌0.5~3小时，降温至25~28℃，在上述步骤所得到的产物中加入纳米空心微珠，低速搅拌分散均匀，泡沫稳定后注入模具中，于40~60℃下熟化50~180分钟，脱模，得到一种纳米改性聚氨酯隔热保温材料。
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105086792A (zh) * 2015-07-27 2015-11-25 北京恒固防腐工程有限公司 一种环保水性纳米恒固保温材料及其制备方法
CN105732927A (zh) * 2016-02-23 2016-07-06 上海华峰材料科技研究院（有限合伙） 铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料及制备方法
CN110330630A (zh) * 2019-07-16 2019-10-15 华北电力大学（保定） 一种用于复合绝缘横担的芯体填充材料的制备方法

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105086792A (zh) * 2015-07-27 2015-11-25 北京恒固防腐工程有限公司 一种环保水性纳米恒固保温材料及其制备方法
CN105732927A (zh) * 2016-02-23 2016-07-06 上海华峰材料科技研究院（有限合伙） 铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料及制备方法
CN105732927B (zh) * 2016-02-23 2019-03-29 上海华峰材料科技研究院（有限合伙） 铝合金门窗用聚氨酯复合材料及制备方法
CN110330630A (zh) * 2019-07-16 2019-10-15 华北电力大学（保定） 一种用于复合绝缘横担的芯体填充材料的制备方法

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