CN102720277A - 利用膨胀玻化微珠生产真空绝热墙体保温板的生产方法 - Google Patents
利用膨胀玻化微珠生产真空绝热墙体保温板的生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种保温板的生产方法,包括以下步骤:a、将以下各质量份的组分投入搅拌釜中,膨胀玻化微珠50-70,玻璃纤维5-10,硅灰5-20,膨润土5-10,吸气剂1-5,然后加入润湿剂2-5,粘合剂15-20,搅拌成膏状材料;b、将搅拌好的膏状材料摊在微波烘烤线上进行烘烤至板材的含水率在1%以下后再切割成块;c、将切割成块的板材抽真空,真空度在200Pa以下;d、将所得保温板裁剪包装。应用本发明方法生产保温板,工艺简单,没有三废排放,所生产的保温板能够很好的起到保温、隔热作用,燃烧性能为A级,保温厚度在10—15mm即可,而且重量轻,耐候时间长,使用寿命可达30年以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用膨胀玻化微珠和其它隔热材料生产真空绝热墙体保温板的方法,属于建材生产技术领域。
背景技术
真空绝热板是真空保温材料中的一种,是由填充芯材与真空保护表层复合而成,它有效
地避免空气对流引起的热传递,因此导热系数大幅度降低,小于0.006w/m.K,并且不含有任何ODS材料,具有环保和高效节能的特性,是目前世界上最先进的高效保温材料。与传统隔热材料相比,真空绝热板可在满足相同保温技术要求时,具有层薄、体积小,重量轻、燃烧性能为A级的优点,国内外的真空绝热板主要适用于节能要求高、保温材料空间小、重量轻的冰箱、冰柜、冷藏车、潜艇、飞船、卫星等领域。
真空绝热板的芯材一般采用多空质材料,如气相:氧化硅、岩棉纤维、砖胶等开孔结构的材料,为了空气能更好的抽空。从以前的生产和报道看真空绝热板芯材很少采用闭孔结构材料,闭孔构料很难抽真空。但闭孔构料和开孔材料相比有很多优点,闭孔材料的导热系数、吸水率、密度比开孔材料的低。
膨胀玻化微珠是一种酸性玻璃质溶岩矿物质(松脂岩矿砂),经过特种技术处理和生产:
工艺加工形成内部多孔、表面玻化封闭,呈球状体的细径颗粒,是一种具有高性能的新型无机轻质绝热材料。其主要化学成份是Si02、A1203、CaO,颗粒粒径一般为0.1—2mm,容重为50一lOOkg/m3,导热系数为0.028--0.048W/m.K,漂浮率大于85%,成球玻化率大于85%,吸水率小于50%,熔融温度为1200℃。由于玻化微珠在成球时,炉内温度在1200℃,材料内的空气和水分由于受热膨胀几乎没有,在表面玻化封闭时形成真空,因此玻化微珠的导热系数很低。
20世纪80年代以后,世界气候变暖,能源日趋枯竭,在环保和能源的双重压力下,给
外墙保温带来新的要求,既要保温性能好,又要阻燃性高,现常用的外墙保温材料主要是聚
苯乙烯和聚氨酯等有机材料,这些材料保温性能和施工性能都很好,成本也相对较低,但这
些材料有致命的缺点易燃烧,燃烧性能为B2。建材生产行业面临开发新的、高效隔热保温墙体保温板的重大课题。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明所要解决的技术问题是,提供一种利用膨胀玻化微珠生产
真空绝热墙体保温板的生产方法,使生产的真空绝热墙体保温板导热率小,即保温性能好,
又阻燃性高。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明所采取的技术方案是,一种利用膨胀玻化微珠生产真空绝
热墙体保温板的方法,包括以下步骤:
a、将以下各质量份的组分投入搅拌釜中,膨胀玻化微珠50-70,玻璃纤维5-10,硅灰5-20,膨润土5-10,吸气剂1-5,然后加入润湿剂2-5,粘合剂15-20,搅拌成膏状材料:
b、将搅拌好的膏状材料按照需要的厚度均匀摊在微波烘烤线上进行烘烤至板材的含水率在1%以下后再切割成块;
c、将切割成块的板材放入真空机流水线抽真空,真空度在200Pa以下:
d、将真空绝热墙体保温板进行裁剪包装。
所述各组分的质量份优选是膨胀玻化微珠60,玻璃纤维5,硅灰10,膨润土5,吸气剂1,润湿剂2,粘合剂17,而且润湿剂、粘合剂需在搅拌过程中缓慢均匀加入。防止局部成团。
所述膨胀玻化微珠,其导热系数小于0.048W/m.K,堆积密度80-120kg/m3,漂浮率大于85%,成球玻化率大于85%,吸水率小于50%,颗粒粒径为0.2--1mm;所述玻璃纤维为12ram玻璃纤维。所述润湿剂选自890或X-405;所述粘合剂选自乙烯—醋酸乙烯乳液或丙烯酸乳液。
所述的吸气剂是活性炭、钡锂合金活化物、氧化钙、氧化镁、硅胶中的一种或一种以上的混合物。
所述搅拌釜为滚筒搅拌釜。在滚筒搅拌釜中进行,可防止玻化微珠破碎。如果玻化微珠破碎将导致吸水率增大,导热系数增加,材料的保温效果降低。玻化微珠的堆积密度越低越好,表面玻化闭孔率越高越好。
应用本发明的方法生产真空绝热墙体保温板,工艺简单,没有三废排放,所生产的真空
绝热墙体保温板易施工,防火,能够很好的起到保温、隔热作用,燃烧性能为A级,保温厚度一般在10—15mm即可,而且重量轻,耐候时间长,使用寿命可达30年以上。
本发明所涉及的原料均为本行业惯常使用的市售工业纯商品原料。
本发明未涉及专用设备,所涉及的检测方法均为本行业惯用的方法。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1
a、将堆积密度80-100kg/m3,漂浮率95%,成球玻化率90%,吸水率45%,颗粒粒径为0.2mm的膨胀玻化微珠60份、12mm玻璃纤维5份、硅灰10份,膨润土5份,吸气剂1份,投入滚筒搅拌釜中,然后在搅拌过程中缓慢均匀加入890润湿剂2份和乙烯—醋酸乙烯乳液17份,防止局部成团,搅拌成膏状材料;
b、将搅拌好的膏状材料按照lOmm的厚度均匀摊在微波烘烤线上进行烘烤
水率在1%以下后再切割成块;
c、将切割成块的板材放上真空机流水线抽真空,真空度在200Pa以下:
d、将真空绝热墙体保温板进行裁剪包装。
本实施例中,物料在滚筒搅拌釜中进行分散,可防止玻化微珠破碎。如果玻化微珠破碎
将导致吸水率增大,导热系数增加,材料的保温效果降低。
实施例2
a、将堆积密度100—120kg/m3,漂浮率90%,成球玻化率95%,吸水率40%,颗粒粒径为lmm的膨胀玻化微珠60份、12mm玻璃纤维5份、硅灰10份,膨润土5份,吸气剂l份,投入滚筒搅拌釜中,然后在搅拌过程中缓慢均匀加入X-405润湿剂2份和丙烯酸乳液17份,防止局部成团,搅拌成膏状材料;
b、将搅拌好的膏状材料按照15mm的厚度均匀摊在微波烘烤线上进行烘烤,板材的含水率在1%以下后再切割成块;
c、将切割成块的板材放上真空机流水线抽真空,真空度在200Pa以下;
d、将真空绝热墙体保温板进行裁剪包装。
本发明将真空度很高的膨胀玻化微珠应用在真空绝热墙体保温板中,形成双真空结构,
真空绝热墙体保温板的保温效果更好,在较高真空度条件下材料的导热系数就可以达到
0.006w/m.K,与开孔的保温芯材相比,达到同样的保温效果,抽真空更容易。由于玻化微珠容易破碎,需添加其它保温材料对其进行保护,本发明使用的是玻璃纤维、硅灰石和膨润土,其他具有同等效果的材料也可使用。本发明中,玻化微珠的堆积密度越低越好,表面玻化闭孔率越高越好。膨胀玻化微珠选用导热系数小于0.048W/m.K,堆积密度80—120kg/m3,漂浮率大于85%,成球玻化率大于85%,吸水率小于50%,颗粒粒径为0.2--1mm的玻化微珠。
Claims (10)
1.一种保温板的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
a、将以下各质量份的组分投入搅拌釜中,膨胀玻化微珠50-70,玻璃纤维5-10,硅灰5-20,膨润土5-10,吸气剂1-5,然后加入润湿剂2-5,粘合剂15-20,搅拌成膏状材料:
b、将搅拌好的膏状材料摊在微波烘烤线上进行烘烤至板材的含水率在1%以下后再切割成块;
c、将切割成块的板材抽真空,真空度在200Pa以下:
d、将所得保温板裁剪包装。
2.根据权利要求1所述保温板的生产方法,其特征在于各组分的质量份是膨胀玻化微珠60,玻璃纤维5,硅灰10,膨润土5,吸气剂1,润湿剂2,粘合剂17。
3.根据权利要求1所述保温板的生产方法,其特征在于所述的吸气剂是活性炭、钡锂合金活化物、氧化钙、氧化镁、硅胶中的一种或一种以上的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述保温板的生产方法,其特征在于所述膨胀玻化微珠,其导热系数小于0.048W/m.K,堆积密度80-120kg/m3,漂浮率大于85%,成球玻化率大于85%,吸水率小于50%,颗粒粒径为0.2--1mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述保温板的生产方法,其特征在于所述玻璃纤维为12mm玻璃纤维。
6.根据权利要求1所述保温板的生产方法,其特征在于所述润湿剂选自890或X-405。
7.根据权利要求1所述保温板的生产方法,其特征在于所述粘合剂选自乙烯—醋酸乙烯乳液或丙烯酸乳液。
8.根据权利要求1所述保温板的生产方法,其特征在于所述搅拌釜为滚筒搅拌釜。
9.根据权利要求4所述保温板的生产方法,其特征在于所述膨胀玻化微珠,其堆积密度80-100kg/m3,漂浮率95%,成球玻化率90%,吸水率45%,颗粒粒径为0.2mm。
10.根据权利要求4所述保温板的生产方法,其特征在于所述膨胀玻化微珠,其堆积密度100-120kg/m3,漂浮率90%,成球玻化率95%,吸水率40%,颗粒粒径为1mm。
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