CN105729923B - 装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板 - Google Patents

装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板 Download PDF

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CN105729923B
CN105729923B CN201610078007.4A CN201610078007A CN105729923B CN 105729923 B CN105729923 B CN 105729923B CN 201610078007 A CN201610078007 A CN 201610078007A CN 105729923 B CN105729923 B CN 105729923B
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夏学云
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Home Technology (shanghai) Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，由复合板和面饰两个部分组成，所述复合板由25‑35wt％玻璃纤维和65‑75wt％抗菌低气味丙纶纤维制备而成。本发明装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，丙纶纤维进行抗菌除味处理赋予轻质复合板材优异的抗菌性能，延长板材的使用时间，长时间保持美观，不变形变色，并且气味低，保证使用者的健康；本发明还具有优良的综合力学性能；产品易于成型，加工工艺简单，能够提高生产效率，降低生产成本，不会产生甲醛等化学性污染。

Description

装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子复合材料技术领域，具体涉及一种装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板。
背景技术
随着建筑业的飞速发展，模板工程的地位日益突出，模板技术直接影响工程建设的质量、造价和效益，同时绿色、低碳、可持续等理念也在各类工程应用中逐渐成为热点。传统的建筑模板如木模板、竹胶合板、木胶合板等需要大量使用木材，不仅造成森林资源的破坏，而且废弃物无法实现再次利用，大部分被弃置或焚烧，极易造成环境污染。现代钢模板的生产耗能、材料费用、安装费用都较高，比较适用于大模板、工具式模板的使用。加之塑料行业的不断发展，因此，木塑复合模板应运而生，它结合了木材与塑料的优点，如耐候、可靠、环保、便利、可回收等。
装饰材料分为两大部分：一部分为室外材料，一部分为室内材料。室内材料再分为实材，板材、片材、型材、线材五个类型。实材也就是原材，主要是指原木及原木制成。常用的原木有杉木、红松、榆木、水曲柳，香樟、椴木，比较贵重的有花梨木、榉木、橡木等。在装修中所用木方主要由杉木制成，其他木材主要用于配套家具和雕花配件。
内墙装饰传统的作法是刷石灰水或墙粉，但容易污染，不能用湿法擦洗，多用于一般建筑。较高级的建筑多用平光调和漆，色泽丰富，不易污染，但掺入的有机溶剂挥发量大，污染大气，影响施工人员的健康，随着科学的发展，有机合成树脂原料广泛地用于油漆，使油漆产品面貌发生根本变化而被称为涂料，成为一类重要的内外墙装饰材料。用纸裱糊室内墙面和顶棚有悠久的历史，但已被塑料壁纸和玻璃纤维贴墙布所替代。石膏板有防火、隔声、隔热、轻质高强、施工方便等特点，主要用于墙面和平顶；作平顶时，可打成各种花纹的孔，以提高吸声和装饰效果。钙塑板有良好的装饰效果，能保温隔声，是多功能板材。装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板用于装饰高级宾馆、公寓的也日益增多。
本发明提供了一种装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，具有优异的抗菌性能，并且气味低。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板。
为解决上述问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板(又称玻璃纤维/丙纶纤维抗菌低气味轻质复合板)，由复合板和面饰两个部分组成，所述复合板由25-35wt％玻璃纤维和65-75wt％抗菌低气味丙纶纤维制备而成；
所述抗菌低气味丙纶纤维由下述重量份的原料制备而成：丙纶切片50-70份、硬脂酸锌1-5份、硅藻土1-5份、氧化镁1-5份、抗菌剂0.5-1.5份、除味剂0.5-1.5份。
所述抗菌剂由1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因、1,3-二氯-5-甲基-5-乙基海因、5-(4-氯丁基)海因混合而成，所述1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因、1,3-二氯-5-甲基-5-乙基海因、5-(4-氯丁基)海因的质量比为(1-3)：(1-3)：(1-3)。
所述除味剂由40-60wt％二乙基二丙烯酸铝盐和40-60wt％2-羟基丁二酸锌组成。
优选地，其特征在于，所述面饰为棉布、麻布或化纤面料。
优选地，所述的玻璃纤维，长度为6-8cm；所述的丙纶纤维，长度为6-11cm。
具体的，在本发明中：
1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因，CAS号：118-52-5。
1,3-二氯-5-甲基-5-乙基海因，CAS号：89415-87-2。
5-(4-氯丁基)海因，CAS号：40126-55-4。
二乙基二丙烯酸铝盐，CAS号：1068-22-0
2-羟基丁二酸锌，CAS号：2847-05-4。
硬脂酸锌，CAS号：557-05-1。
本发明装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，丙纶纤维进行抗菌除味处理赋予轻质复合板材优异的抗菌性能，延长板材的使用时间，长时间保持美观，不变形变色，并且气味低，保证使用者的健康；本发明还具有优良的综合力学性能；产品易于成型，加工工艺简单，能够提高生产效率，降低生产成本，不会产生甲醛等化学性污染。
具体实施方式
下面是对本发明的优选实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
实施例原料介绍：
硅藻土，CAS号：91053-39-3，采用上海亮江钛白化工制品有限公司提供的型号为3000的超白硅藻土粉1250目。
氧化镁，CAS号：1309-48-4，粒径10-20nm。
玻璃纤维，CAS号：65997-17-3，采用广州市昊兆化工有限公司生产的A级无碱玻璃纤维。
丙纶切片，CAS号：9003-07-0，采用甘肃兰港石化有限公司生产的牌号为BH的聚丙烯切片。
面饰，采用纯棉水刺布，克重100g/m2。
实施例1
复合板原料：3kg玻璃纤维、7kg抗菌低气味丙纶纤维。
抗菌低气味丙纶纤维原料：丙纶切片6.2kg、硬脂酸锌0.3kg、硅藻土0.3kg、氧化镁0.3kg、抗菌剂0.09kg、除味剂0.08kg。
所述抗菌剂由0.03kg1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因、0.03kg1,3-二氯-5-甲基-5-乙基海因、0.03kg5-(4-氯丁基)海因混合而成。
所述除味剂由0.04kg二乙基二丙烯酸铝盐和0.04kg 2-羟基丁二酸锌组成。
装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板(又称玻璃纤维/丙纶纤维抗菌低气味轻质复合板)的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将丙纶切片、硬脂酸锌、硅藻土、氧化镁、抗菌剂、除味剂放入高速混合机，混合均匀后加入双螺杆挤出机，再经双螺杆挤出机在温度为210℃下进行溶融混合造粒，得到母粒；经BCF纺丝机组纺丝，采用常规丙纶纺丝工艺，得到抗菌低气味丙纶纤维，线密度：1300dtex/144f。
(2)将长度为7cm的玻璃纤维和长度为9cm的抗菌低气味丙纶纤维混合均匀，投入开松机内进行开松处理，每次处理7min，重复3次；然后送入大仓；将开松混合过的纤维输送至梳理机进行梳理成形；将梳理后的纤维送入铺网机中交叉铺网；将铺好的网折叠后送入预针刺机中进行预针刺成毡。
将预针刺好的毡继续送入主针刺机中进行主针刺，加热预压成卷材，加热温度150℃，时间120s；
开启热压辊，上、下辊的温度分别恒定在110℃和130℃，将热风干燥后的卷材送入放卷机放卷引毡，放卷引毡的放卷速度与生产线速度同步，放卷速度为2.5mm/min左右；采用红外烘箱进行加热至温度为160℃，时间70s，采用预压辊进行预压成型，脱模后即可制得纤维复合板，克重为1100g/m2；
(3)将纤维复合板经过平板加热软化处理，采用电热丝烘箱进行加热至温度为190℃，加热时间为90秒，升起热复合辊，将纤维复合板送入热复合辊中，待纤维复合板拉平整后降下热复合辊，同时将胶膜和面饰分别粘在纤维复合板上下表面上，将其一同送入热复合辊中；经水冷辊压冷却成板材，按照工艺单要求，剪裁成要求规格的成品，即得所述装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，克重为1200g/m2。
实施例2
按实施例1的原料配比和方法制备装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，区别仅仅在于：所述抗菌剂由0.045kg1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因、0.045kg1,3-二氯-5-甲基-5-乙基海因混合而成。得到实施例2的装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，克重为1200g/m2。
实施例3
按实施例1的原料配比和方法制备装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，区别仅仅在于：所述抗菌剂由0.045kg1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因、0.045kg5-(4-氯丁基)海因混合而成。得到实施例3的装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，克重为1200g/m2。
实施例4
按实施例1的原料配比和方法制备装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，区别仅仅在于：所述抗菌剂由0.045kg1,3-二氯-5-甲基-5-乙基海因、0.045kg5-(4-氯丁基)海因混合而成。得到实施例4的装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，克重为1200g/m2。
实施例5
按实施例1的原料配比和方法制备装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，区别仅仅在于：所述除味剂为0.08kg二乙基二丙烯酸铝盐。得到实施例5的装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，克重为1200g/m2。
实施例6
按实施例1的原料配比和方法制备装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，区别仅仅在于：所述除味剂为0.08kg 2-羟基丁二酸锌。得到实施例6的装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，克重为1200g/m2。
测试例1
对实施例1-6制备得到的装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板抗菌性能进行测试，采用常规微生物杀菌力检测，大肠杆菌ATYCC 25922、金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 6538。具体测试结果见表1：
表1：装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板抗菌性能测试数据表
比较实施例1与实施例2-4，在抗菌剂加入总量相同的情况下，实施例1(抗菌剂采用1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因、1,3-二氯-5-甲基-5-乙基海因、5-(4-氯丁基)海因复配)装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板抗菌性能明显优于实施例2-4(抗菌剂采用1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因、1,3-二氯-5-甲基-5-乙基海因、5-(4-氯丁基)海因中任意二者复配)。
测试例2
对实施例1-6制备得到的装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板按SMC 30156-2007标准方法检测，试样按C类，取50cm3，容器取1L；时效处理条件为温度80℃，时间120min。气味公判标准分为1-6级，气味评判标准如下：1不易感觉到；2可感觉到，但不刺鼻；3可明显感觉到，但不刺鼻；4刺鼻；5非常刺鼻；6不可忍受。具体测试结果见表2：
表2：抗菌低气味ABS塑料气味测试数据表
样品 气味等级
实施例1 1.5
实施例2 2.5
实施例3 3
实施例4 2.5
实施例5 3.5
实施例6 3.5
比较实施例1与实施例2-3，在除味剂加入总量相同的情况下，实施例1(二乙基二丙烯酸铝盐和2-羟基丁二酸锌复配)装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板的气味等级明显优于实施例2-3(二乙基二丙烯酸铝盐和2-羟基丁二酸锌中单一原料)。

Claims (2)

1.一种装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，其特征在于，由复合板和面饰两个部分组成，所述复合板由25-35wt％玻璃纤维和65-75wt％抗菌低气味丙纶纤维制备而成；
所述抗菌低气味丙纶纤维由下述重量份的原料制备而成：丙纶切片50-70份、硬脂酸锌1-5份、硅藻土1-5份、氧化镁1-5份、抗菌剂0.5-1.5份、除味剂0.5-1.5份；
所述抗菌剂由1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因、1,3-二氯-5-甲基-5-乙基海因、5-(4-氯丁基)海因混合而成，所述1,3-二氯-5,5-二甲基海因、1,3-二氯-5-甲基-5-乙基海因、5-(4-氯丁基)海因的质量比为(1-3)：(1-3)：(1-3)；
所述除味剂由40-60wt％二乙基二丙烯酸铝盐和40-60wt％2-羟基丁二酸锌组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装修用抗菌低气味轻质复合板，其特征在于，所述面饰为棉布、麻布或化纤面料。
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