CN105706583A

CN105706583A - Water-saving moisture-preserving furrow seeding method and straw returning type multi-procedure combined plowing and seeding machine

Info

Publication number: CN105706583A
Application number: CN201510218508.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 国海夫
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-04-25
Filing date: 2015-04-25
Publication date: 2016-06-29

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-saving moisture-preserving furrow seeding method and a straw returning type multi-procedure combined plowing and seeding machine to change a traditional ridge seeding mode of sand-drift and arid regions. The method includes seeding in furrows formed last year without stubble removing, straw cutting, ridging and rotary tillage for land preparation. The plowing and seeding machine is characterized by comprising a frame, a crossbeam, a lifting adjustment rod, a suspension spring rod, a plurality of circular blades, a furrow opener, a furrow clearer, a seeder, a fertilizing tank and a soil returning and pressing combine. By the water-saving moisture-preserving furrow seeding method and the straw returning type multi-procedure combined plowing and seeding machine, a new agricultural pattern is created, multiple procedures including straw stubble cutting, ridging, furrow clearing, seeding, soil returning, pressing, straw stubble returning and the like are finished in one time, and environment friendly and reasonable ecological cyclic treatment of straw stubbles is realized; by seeding at positions 3cm in the furrows, ground surface nutrients and underground water can be effectively used, water saving, drought resistance, lodging resistance and green-stalk ripeness are realized, and organic combination of plants and the nature is realized accordingly. In addition, the plowing and seeding machine has functions of harrowing, weeding, topdressing, ridge closing and the like.

Description

Water saving soil moisture conservation furrow seeding method and supporting stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine

Technical field:

The present invention relates to the type of seeding on a kind of soil moisture conservation ridge of economizing on water.Being a ratio more completely agricultural field production technology, it makes full use of the soil moisture content in the nutrition of furrow natural form, soil density and ridge, sowing in furrow.Make plant and naturally organically combine, solve several crux technology therewith, in ridge, three centimetres of sowings more effective can utilize subsoil water and ground surface nutrition, sowing is not watered, do not apply fertilizer to the subsoil, ground is not filled before fringe, stimulate the growth of root, control the growth of bar, lay the first stone to plant yield-increasing, in good time late sowing, make each trophophase of plant to the needs of temperature and natural temperature kissing and, fertilizer application amount reduces about 50%, machinery weed eradication, straw rots to field naturally, institute's necessary water saving soil moisture conservation furrow broadcasting method and supporting stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine, pattern is broadcast: exempt stubble and exempt to cut straw particularly to the cultivated of sowing in hill kind changing legend, not ridging, do not apply fertilizer to the subsoil, water saving soil moisture conservation, a kind of cultivated broadcasting method of drought resisting and supporting disconnected stubble stalk thereof, divide shallow ridges, ditch cleaning, sowing, close soil, weeding, the multiple tracks agronomy flow charts such as stubble stalk also field plough machine in the stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination of one, this tilling and seeding machine also can weed eradication, plow, topdress, envelope ridge.

Background technology:

At present, northern China is traditional big Tagayasu Den's broadcasting method and flow chart are generally: wholely, rotary tillage, fertilising, ridging, water, sow, the multi-job operation such as suppression.This cultivated broadcasting method and flow chart also exist the problems such as operation is many, mechanical work cost high, and energy resource consumption is many, and soil stirs often, and soil moisture loss is many.Not only bad for crops normal growth and growth, and add agricultural cost with watering filling, reduce agricultural benefit.Dust storm in the spring arid area particularly hit by drought 9 years out of 10, sowing on the new ridging platform that this is bad with regard to soil moisture content, due to the prominent earth's surface of ridge platform, under the combined effect of sunshine and wind, make the moisture in the platform of ridge evaporate in a large number and scatter and disappear, if not having effective rainfall during germination or manually watering, that germination can become very difficult, causes grain drop in production.It addition, sowing in hill kind, seed roots in the ridge platform more than earth's surface, and the root system of plant, away from the furrow preserved soil moisture, is difficult to absorb the moisture in washy furrow, it is impossible to effectively utilize the moisture stored in the furrow of spring arid area；Therefore, sowing in hill kind is unfavorable to drought-relief, changes this traditional cultivated broadcasting method, is the important topic of drought-relief high and stable yields.

It addition, stubble stalk also field can improve soil, disease-resistant, volume increase, increase organic matter content in grain, but due to time-consuming, effort, increase operating cost and how not implemented.Whenever the harvest season, discarded stubble stalk is incinerated, and has been relatively conventional phenomenon.Therefore, the process of waste agronomic crop stubble stalk, particularly while cultivated broadcasting so that it is obtain economy, convenience, environmental protection, rational ecological circulation processes, and is a new problem.

Summary of the invention:

Based on the problems referred to above, one water saving soil moisture conservation furrow seeding method and supporting stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine are proposed when this: its cultivated broadcasting method changes traditional the cultivated of sowing in hill kind and broadcasts pattern, exempt stubble, exempt to cut, straw, not ridging, furrow sowing can economize on water soil moisture conservation, drought resisting, volume increase, plough broadcast front without base fertilizer, sowing is without watering, without filling ground when stalk growth is vigorous；Its supporting stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine, can once complete shallow ridges begin a theatrical performance, point stubble, disconnected stubble also field bar, the multiple tracks agronomy flow chart such as stubble stalk also field, ditch cleaning, furrow sowing, earthing, weeding, suppression straw-returning.Water-saving agriculture for dust storm arid area combating drought and raising yields explores a new approach.

Solve its technical problem when this be the technical scheme is that

Present invention soil moisture conservation furrow seeding method of economizing on water is: upper Ji Wei cut straw or cut straw do not eliminate stubble big field in, do not cut straw, except stubble, not rotary tillage soil-working, new ridging；The ridge platform in upper season is carried out shallow ridges begin a theatrical performance, disconnected stubble stalk, make the ridge Delta in season to the degree that can walk dilatory wheel energy operation when intertilling, in the furrow in upper season, carried out the steps such as ditch cleaning, sowing, conjunction soil, suppression afterwards；Meanwhile go up season furrow and ridge platform on stubble stalk be cut into segment, and naturally set aside on the platform of ridge in the process of tractor sowing.Hereafter stubble stalk naturally can rot in short period of time.

The technology of the most critical that the present invention relates to is furrow seeding method and cultivation technique thereof, it is characterised in that sowing do not water, do not revolve ground, not ridging, be not added with base fertilizer, go out fringe before do not fill ground.We will be analyzed respectively from aspects such as plant growth characteristics, soil, subsoil water, rainfall, seeding method and field management below.

Plant growth characteristics:

1, plant growing generally to be experienced seedling development, the growth of straw straw, be put forth flowers or ears and four periods of fruit maturation.Wherein different growing stage is different to water, fertile requirement, and Seedling Stage can meet under field conditions (factors).The moisture of plant absorption relies primarily on subsoil water, and the nutrient drawn then relies on the nutriment of the topdress material remaining in earth's surface and soil self storage 1 year.But from the phase of putting forth flowers or ears, the further growth promoter moisture of plant and fertilizer, determine yield height, to ensure to gather in the product that can obtain high-quality season.Can substantially increase production so field is just added nitrogenous fertilizer (being typically chosen carbamide, its long action time) so crop in 15 days before putting forth flowers or ears by us, but quality declines to some extent.As for the needs of water, the general rainfall in this season among a year is more plentiful, and from the fast growing period put forth flowers or ears to fringe, liquid manure directly affects yield height, such as arid during this, it is contemplated that suitably irrigation practice.

2,15 to August 15 July last year is during this, and Soil Microorganism amount reproduction, its residuum nutrition is also abundant；Ultraviolet radiation sterilization in winter；Spring one freezes a change, soil-ripening.Based on this condition, soil naturally, defines the interim required nutrient substance of applicable development of plants.Additionally, in order to allow the crop planted grow better, we can be adjusted with mouth fertilizer: if never applying phosphate fertilizer in the furrow in upper season, this year can apply ten jin of mouth fertilizer in every mu of ground；If having added phosphate fertilizer in the furrow in upper season, this year is then without executing mouth fertilizer again.

Subsoil water:

3, there is the water resource subsoil water of preciousness underground, and it raises water to ground surface throughout the year.Winter temperature is low, and moisture evaporation is few, and the poultry water yield is gradually increased, and thaw spring just becomes the period that in 1 year, moisture is the most sufficient phase；And furrow is just the position that on ground surface, water source is the most sufficient.As can be seen here, in the process of furrow sowing, " during sky " and " land productivity " the two have both, the moisture problem required in growth promoter of crop is also readily solved.

Rainfall:

4, cold and heat air in annual May frequently crosses, rain dropped every 5-7 days, during sowing, under general meeting, 2-3 field light rain (soaking into earth's surface 3-5cm) meets heavy rain (several years once, once saturable earth's surface 25cm) effect is more preferably as having the honor.The stalk growth busy season is generally more arid, it is suppressed that the growth of stalk, have stimulated root system and grows to depths, is beneficial to the maturation of plant in the future.Enter rainy season when putting forth flowers or ears, at a time when the period that plant water requirement is maximum, so, not only solve the needs of plant self, and unnecessary rainwater at underground storage to meet the phase needs to water that put forth flowers or ears.

Cropping pattern:

Sowing position: under the furrow in a upper season, three centimeters soil moistures content are best, so sowing best results in this position.Sowing time: furrow sowing late about 20 days than sowing in hill kind, now soil moisture content meets sowing condition, rainfall 2-3 time in these 20 days, catches sowing sowing on opportunity, postpones sowing and caught the best opportunity of sowing on the contrary.Along with the delay of sowing time, temperature now is more suitable for the growth needs of seedling development phase；Phase of being pollinated also is delayed about 15 days therewith, avoids the season of high temperature, and plant is pollinated and is more easy to successfully；During to the period of maturation, day and night temperature is bigger than normal, and photosynthesis is strengthened, and Repiration weakens, and is more conducive to self and stores abundant nutrient substance.The advantage of Long Gou sowing, sows by the mode of furrow sowing and crop cycle can be made to shorten about 10 days.A weeding is carried out while sowing.

Field management:

During being seeded into intertillage, the straw on upper one year ridge platform becomes fragile；With carriage, stalk being rolled (during plant SANYE one core) during intertillage, hereafter straw becomes broken.Meanwhile being also carried out loosening the soil, the gas permeability of soil is strengthened, and plant hairy roots therefore suffers from damage, causes seedling poor growth, and have stimulated again plant main root and extend to soil deeper, goes to absorb underground moisture, to supply self needs, and have accumulated nutrient substance.Plant growing 20-30cm after intertillage, earth's surface generally goes out one batch of grass, now, by the soil-covering ploughshare use reversed left to right in the suppression combination of this tilling and seeding machine, enters once all weedings.(plant grows to about 60cm) carries out envelope ridge, the ridge platform of upper one year is become furrow, also makes the summer turn over, and then soil let alone processing.Adding based on phosphorus, with nitrogen for auxiliary depot fertilizer (long-acting diamino), topdressing amount is approximately about the 50% of sowing in hill kind amount used simultaneously, also lays Basal nutrition for next year sowing with this.Remaining straw being placed on the ridge platform of new ridging, Baconic grows again simultaneously, forms flourishing root system, and lower basic for period of maturation pad, it is possible to drought resisting, resistant to lodging, straw staygreen.

In sum, the present invention propose furrow seeding method and cultivation technique, not only reduce mechanization cost and agricultural cost, and reduce Ecological Cost, meanwhile, crop not only will not the underproduction, grain quality also can increase.The method has been had passed through 20 years to observe and has explored by, theory analysis and carried out practice examining in three unincorporated village in continuous 4 years, and investigate from six aspects such as plant growth characteristics, soil, subsoil water, rainfall, seeding method and field management, finally draw above-mentioned conclusion.

The present invention relates to a kind of soil moisture conservation of economizing on water and plough broadcasting method and supporting multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine thereof.It is characterized in that: have forebay between tractor front wheels and rear wheels, forebay having on front beam has multiple disconnected bar disk, and disk has handle, handle to have fixed handle seat, and handle seat is separately fixed on front beam.Lower machine rear end connects middle cross beam, lower bearing bracket front end connecting rod connects on the axle fastener of tractor rear axle, lower bearing bracket rear end connects ears fixing in the middle of middle cross beam leading flank, there is the one end connecting axle connection hanger bar, the front end of hanger bar connects drags the upper suspension that picks, front-axle beam it is fixed with in the middle of lower bearing bracket, both sides are provided with monaural, monaural has connection axle, connect and promote adjusting rod, promote the connection of adjusting rod front end and drag the two oil pressure arms that pick, front-axle beam has multiple trench digging handle seat, fixing trench digging handle is had in handle seat, fixing plough is had below trench digging handle, left and right point stubble double-vane is had on rear side of plough, middle cross beam two ends and centre are fixed with multiple Plowtail base, plow stick it is fixed with in Plowtail base, Plowtail base has fixing screw, height with secured adjusted plow stick；Plow stick lower end is connected with the plow stick overcoat on crumber ditch device, is screwed integral；After crumber, there is movable axis both sides, and movable axis connects left and right ditch cleaning cladding plate, and cladding plate width is adjustable；The rear end clamp of the front end of afer bay and lower machine beam is fixed as one, there are fixing front beam, middle cross beam in afer bay rear end, there is side bar both sides, afer bay front beam, multiple seeder is had below middle cross beam, seeder both sides are stuck in fastener on front beam and middle cross beam respectively, seeder is provided with alarm, fertilizing box is had above front beam, middle cross beam, multirow fertilizer apparatus is had below fertilizing box, multirow fertilizer apparatus has fertilizer expelling shaft, fertilizer expelling shaft to have roller and driven pulley, and the big chain of roller is connected with dragging the power wheel that picks, and driven pulley has gimmal to be connected with power transmission shaft wheel；Power transmission shaft has multiple driven pulley, and driven pulley has gimmal to be connected with seeder wheel.

The present invention economize on water soil moisture conservation ditch type of seeding and supporting stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine, it is characterized in that: described in suppression of closing be combined with both arms frame, the front end of both arms frame links together by being connected axle with crumber rear end side, there is fixing press wheel both arms rear end, in the middle of suppression combination both arms frame, there is the ploughshare handle seat that closes left and right, there is ploughshare handle in handle seat, below ploughshare handle, have the ploughshare that closes, handle seat has fixing screw adjustable height.Having junction point, rear cross beam to have moving sleeve in the middle of press wheel and soil-covering ploughshare handle seat, have ears below overcoat, ears are combined with together with junction point connecting plate is vertically connected with suppression；Both sides suppression combination is vertically connected with together respectively by identical method.In order to solve middle suppression and the both sides inharmonic phenomenon of height, middle suppression fixed connection point is automatically adjusted height together with being vertically connected with rear cross beam moving sleeve vibration reduction and cushioning spring.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: change the cultivated pattern of broadcasting of the traditional sowing in hill kind in land for growing field crops, northern China dust storm arid area, exempt stubble, exempt to cut straw, do not revolve ground, not ridging, do not apply fertilizer to the subsoil.Sowing do not water, put forth flowers or ears do not fill ground, furrow sowing, water saving soil moisture conservation, drought resisting, resistant to lodging: can once complete, furrow breaks bar, and platform shallow ridges break stubble stalk, a point stubble in ridge is begined a theatrical performance, ditch cleaning, sowing, conjunction soil, straw is placed on the first-class multiple tracks agronomy flow chart of ridge platform while suppression.Make traditional multi-job operation once complete, the water-saving agriculture for dust storm, arid area combating drought and raising yields explores a new approach, the agricultural Model that a set of new big Tagayasu Den of innovation and creation broadcasts.The present invention adapts to dust storm arid area, decreases flow chart, reduces mechanical work cost, improves work efficiency, decreases the energy and resource consumption, and herbicide is use less, processes and proper can not also use herbicide.Make the number of times that soil stirs few, soil moisture loss is few, all beneficial to preserving soil moisture, keep a full stand of seedings, growing, additionally in dust storm arid area, spring not ridging, furrow sowing benefit be: in furrow, three centimeters soil moistures content are best, moisture not easily runs off, can effectively utilize the moisture in the furrow of spring arid area preciousness, seed easily germinates, and seedling easily survives, and crop growth relies on " subsoil water " and lays the first stone, crop root is made constantly to downwardly extend, thus absorbing more nutrient and moisture, also more drought resisting, wind resistance, resistant to lodging, make crop yield.The present invention makes batch stalk also field once complete while sowing, both saved trouble, laborsaving, make again agricultural cost reduce, the more important thing is the effective rate of utilization that improve crop stubble stalk, add the organic fertilizer in soil, decrease a batch stalk burning and cause the wasting of resources, it is to avoid air pollution.Make waste agronomic crop stubble stalk just can obtain economy, convenience, environmental protection, the process of rational ecological circulation in sowing simultaneously.The present invention is suitable for the plantation in Semen Maydis, Sorghum vulgare Pers., Semen phaseoli radiati land for growing field crops.

Accompanying drawing illustrates:

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.

Figure of description 6 is the construction profile of the embodiment of the present invention

Figure of description 7 is the plan structure figure of the embodiment of the present invention

Figure of description 1 is the construction profile of the embodiment of the present invention

Figure of description 2 is the plan structure figure of the embodiment of the present invention

Figure of description 3 be the embodiment of the present invention crumber (18) and can rotation of crops stalk cladding plate (12) structure chart

Figure of description 4 is the structure chart of the earthing ploughshare (74) of the embodiment of the present invention and regulatable soil separating board (71)

Figure of description 5 is the structure chart of the shock-absorbing spring device (75) of the embodiment of the present invention

In figure 81, four-wheel drag the front-axle beam 83 that picks, front axle 84, front-wheel

85, forebay fastener 86, forebay 87, forebay seat

88, axle 89, handle seat fastener 80, front beam are connected

78, break bar cutter disk 92, disconnected bar cutter disk axle 93, fixing screw

94, break bar disk handle overcoat 95, disconnected bar disk handle 28, hind axle

26, trailing wheel 77, change speed gear box 98, ears

99, monaural 79, disk handle seat 96, movable axis

97, counterweight 1, press wheel 2, suppression axle

3, suppression both arms 4, connecting plate 5, attachment screw

6, ears 7, left soil-covering ploughshare 8, soil-covering ploughshare handle are connected

9, right soil-covering ploughshare 10, soil-covering ploughshare handle seat 11, gimmal

12, feed mechanism for seed wheel 13, feed mechanism for seed axle 14, cladding plate

15, axle 16, crumber fixed jacket 17, fixing screw are connected

18, crumber 19, axle catch member 20, middle cross beam

21, stubble double-vane 22, fixation clamp 23, plough are divided

24, plough axle 25, plough handle 26, tractor rear wheel

27, power wheel 28, clutch shaft 29, promote adjusting rod

30, big chain 31, lower bearing bracket 32, afer bay

33, fixing screw 34, plow stick overcoat 35, plow stick

36, feed mechanism for seed 37, fertilizing box 38, seed-box

39, fertilizing box wheel 40, gimmal 41, fertilizing box axle

42, power transmission shaft 43, drive 44, side bar

45, ears 46, driven pulley 47, bearing

48, clutch push rod 49, connect axle 50, buffering elastic spring base

51, driven pulley 52, connect axle 53, axle catch member

54, plough handle seat 55, gimmal 56, fixing screw

57, alarm 58, feed mechanism for seed clamp 59, connect axle

60, ears 61, connect axle 62, monaural

63, the rear axle 64 that picks, clutch 65, fixing screw are dragged

66, middle cross beam 67, front beam 68, rear cross beam

69, moving sleeve 70, adjustable plate 71, earth separation plate

72, adjustable plate 73, fixing screw 74, plow ploughshare

75, shock-absorbing spring device 76, front beam

Tool present embodiment:

Embodiment: the stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine that water saving soil moisture conservation furrow seeding method is supporting.

6,7 stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machines of Figure of description, it is characterized in that, four-wheel tractor has front-axle beam (81), the upper organic stand (87) of forebay (86), by forebay fastener (85) forebay being fixed on to drag picks on front-axle beam, and both sides are in like manner.Forebay rear end ears (98), ears are porose, and there is crossbeam (80) forebay rear end, and crossbeam has left and right monaural (99), monaural is porose, by limit spindle (88), forebay and front beam link together, and front beam has multiple disconnected rod handle seat overcoat (94), handle (95) is had in set, there is disconnected bar disk below handle, be cased with outward fixing screw (93), adjustable height.

Figure of description 1, in Fig. 2, this batch of stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine is characterised by: lower bearing bracket (31) rear end connects middle cross beam (20), lower bearing bracket (31) front end has connection axle (52) to connect the axle fastener (53) on tractor rear axle (63), ears (60) fixing in the middle of middle cross beam (20) leading flank have connection axle (59) to connect buffering elastic spring base (50), buffering elastic spring base (50) front end connects suspension on tractor, after lower bearing bracket front beam, there is monaural (62) at two ends, there is connection axle (61), connect and adjusting rod (29) is provided, another end connects tractor two oil pressure arm.Front beam (76) fixed by lower bearing bracket (31), front beam is fixed with multiple plough on (76), handle seat (54), it has plough handle (25), having fixing plough (23) under handle, have a point stubble double-vane (21) on rear side of plough, lower bearing bracket middle cross beam has multiple Plowtail base overcoat (34), there is plow stick (35) in it, put outward fixing screw (33) and regulated height.Crumber has fixed jacket (16), it is fixed on plow stick lower end by fixing screw (17), crumber (18) has left and right cladding plate (14), the two is linked together by movable axis, afer bay (32) has fixing front beam (67), middle cross beam (66), rear cross beam (68), both sides side bar (44).The front beam (67) of afer bay (32) and middle cross beam (66) there is multiple feed mechanism for seed (36), feed mechanism for seed is equipped with seeding alarm (57), clamp (58) is passed through at feed mechanism for seed two ends, is separately fixed on front beam (67) and middle cross beam (66).Front beam (67), fertilizing box (37) is had above middle cross beam (66), fertilizing box has multirow fertilizer applicator in (37), also has Seeding box (38), fertilizing box axle (41) has driven pulley (51) and fertilizing box wheel (39), fertilizing box wheel (39) is taken turns (27) by big chain (30) with tractor dynamic power and is connected, driven pulley (51) is connected by gimmal (40) with drive (43), drive (43) has power transmission shaft (42), power transmission shaft (42) has three driven pulleys (46), driven pulley (46) is connected with arranging each device wheel (13) by gimmal (11), there are three row suppression combinations afer bay lower end, suppression combination there are suppression both arms (3), suppression both arms front end links together by being connected axle (15) with crumber rear end, there is press wheel (1) suppression both arms (3) rear end, suppression combination both arms frame is in left and right soil-covering ploughshare handle seat (10), soil-covering ploughshare handle (8) is had in handle seat, fixing left and right soil-covering ploughshare (9 is had under handle, 7), handle seat has fixing screw (56) to regulate height, ears (6) are had between press wheel (1) and soil-covering ploughshare handle seat (10).Connecting plate lower end is linked together by screw (5) and ears (16), there is moving sleeve (69) (68) two sides of rear cross beam, having under fixing screw (65) overcoat on moving sleeve (69) has ears (45) and links together with connecting plate (4) upper end screw, in like manner connects both sides suppression combination.In order to regulate middle and both sides high low phase coordination, use damping spring device (75).Damping spring device upper end is connected with rear cross beam intermediate active overcoat (69), and lower end is connected with ears (16) on suppression combination both arms, is automatically adjusted with this.

Figure of description 6, this batch of stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine, described disconnected bar circular knife (78), furrow straw cutting.

This batch of stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine in Figure of description 1, it is characterized in that: described lower bearing bracket front beam has plough handle seat (54), plough handle (25) is had in handle seat, plough (23) is had below handle, point stubble double-vane (21) is had to be cut off by ridge platform stubble stalk last year on rear side of plough, ridge platform being divided into shallow ridges, during to intertillage, tractor is normally walked simultaneously.

In Figure of description 2, this batch of stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine, described buffering elastic spring base (50), the front end moving sleeve of bar, bar is had in spring, it is cased with outward monaural, monaural hangs with tractor and is connected, and the ears (60) in the middle of the other end and middle cross beam (20) link together.

Figure of description 3, is institute's embodiment crumber (18) of the present invention, and cladding plate (14) is placed the soil of three centimetres in upper one year ridge and straw on the ridge platform of upper one year by crumber and cladding plate.

Figure of description 1, in Fig. 2, this batch of stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine, it is characterized in that: three row below rear machine close soil suppression combination, suppression combination both arms (3), both arms frame front end links together by being connected axle (15) with on rear side of crumber, suppression both arms frame rear end has in the middle of press wheel (1) both arms frame left and right soil-covering ploughshare handle seat (10), soil-covering ploughshare handle (8) in handle seat, left and right soil-covering ploughshare (9 is had below handle, 7), handle seat has fixing screw (56) adjustable height, press wheel, fixing ears (6) and connecting plate (4) one end is had to connect between soil-covering ploughshare handle seat, fixing ears (45) are had below the connecting plate other end and the moving sleeve (69) on rear cross beam (68), together with being screwed with connecting plate, both sides suppression combination connects in like manner.Combine high low phase coordinate to regulate middle suppression combination and both sides suppression, middle suppression combination uses damping spring device (75) connection spring upper end to be connected with rear cross beam moving sleeve (69), lower end is connected with ears on suppression combination both arms, and height is automatically adjusted.

Tilling and seeding machine three row of the present invention, two row, also can flat planting, soil condition is not suitable with three row, centre crumber, suppression combination is unloaded down and can broadcast two row.

Tilling and seeding machine of the present invention is characterized in that: a tractor serves several purposes, during to intertillage, by adjusting, can plow, topdresses, seal ridge.Lower machine front beam (76) both sides plough handle seat (25) is moved in front horizontal stroke and asks, by fixing for plough (23) plough handle seat.Plow stick (34) lower end can be plowed, topdresses, seals the flow charts such as ridge.

In Figure of description 2, the present invention three row multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine can by 20 horsepowers of tractor-drawns, adopt the cultivated of the present invention to broadcast pattern, do not cut bar, exempt stubble, do not revolve ground, not ridging, stubble stalk also field, furrow is sowed, can once complete to begin a theatrical performance, the multi-job operations such as stubble stalk, ditch cleaning, sowing, conjunction soil, weeding, suppression, straw-returning of breaking.Its work efficiency 15 mu per hour.

Claims

1. water saving soil moisture conservation furrow seeding method is the broadacre agriculture cultivation technique of an energy-saving, environment-friendly and ecological, reduce machine cost and Ecological Cost, reduce and pollute, that reduces chemical fertilizer makes consumption, control the use of herbicide, water saving, fuel-economizing, straw rots to field naturally, improvement soil, content of organics in soil is made to be continuously increased, improve grain organic element, namely immediate interest is solved, it is further contemplated that long-term interest, make soil can reach economy, convenient, environmental protection, reasonably ecological, recycle, the measure cut is: furrow is sowed, permit point nutrition utilizing interior self-assembling formation, soil density and soil moisture content, make plant and naturally organically combine, effectively utilize subsoil water and ground surface nutrition, solve several key technologies therewith.1, three centimetres of position sowings in ridge, more effective utilize subsoil water and ground surface nutrition, wet soil is had directly to sow in ridge, not having 3-5 centimetre of rain sowing of rainfall of wet soil, sowing, straw-returning, weed eradication carry out simultaneously, and sowing does not apply fertilizer to the subsoil, do not irrigate the fields before fringe, stimulate the growth of root, control the growth of straw, lay the foundation to plant yield-increasing.2, late sowing constantly, make each trophophase of plant to the needs of temperature with naturally match.3, intertillage, the gas permeability of soil are strengthened, and hairy roots likes damage, have caused seedling poor growth, accumulate nutrition, stimulate again main root to extend to deeper.4,20-30 centimetre of this period of plant growing generally can generally go out once grass, when grass is less than 1 centimetre, seizes the opportunity and carries out again machinery weed eradication thoroughly.5, topdress, seal ridge, Baconic.6, fringe chases after carbamide in first 15 days.7, putting forth flowers or ears to fringe fast growing period, rich water determines yield height.

2. the stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine that a soil moisture conservation dragon ditch type of seeding of economizing on water is supporting, it is characterized in that: shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, there is forebay (86), upper organic stand (87), by forebay fastener (85), forebay is fixed on tractor front-axle beam (81), and both sides are in like manner.There are ears (98) forebay rear end, ears are porose, and there is crossbeam (80) forebay rear end, and crossbeam has left and right monaural (99), monaural is porose, by connecting axle (88), by forebay with front horizontal link together, front beam has multiple disconnected rod handle seat overcoat (94), handle (95) is had in set, You Duangan garden blade (78) below handle, is cased with outward fixing spiral shell pin (93), adjustable height.This tilling and seeding machine has lower bearing bracket (31), and rear end connects middle cross beam (20), and there is connection axle (52) lower bearing bracket front end, connects the axle fastener (53) on tractor rear axle (63).It is fixed with ears (60) in the middle of middle cross beam (20) leading flank, by buffering elastic spring base (30), links together by connecting axle (59).The other end connects suspension on tractor, and after lower bearing bracket front beam, there is monaural (62) at two ends, has connection (61), connects and promotes adjusting rod (29), and the other end connects tractor two oil pressure arm.Front beam (76) fixed by lower bearing bracket (31), front beam (76) is fixed with multiple plough handle seat (54), plough handle (25) is had in it, plough (23) is fixed under handle, there is a point stubble double-vane (21) plough rear end, lower bearing bracket rear end middle cross beam has multiple Plowtail base overcoat (34), has plow stick (35) in it, has put outward fixing screw (33) and has regulated height.Crumber has fixed jacket (16), it is fixed on plow stick lower end by fixing screw (17), crumber (18) has left and right cladding plate (14), the two is linked together by movable axis, afer bay (32) has fixing front beam (67), middle cross beam (66), rear cross beam (68), there is side bar (44) both sides.The front beam (67) of afer bay (32) and middle cross beam (66) there is multiple feed mechanism for seed (36), feed mechanism for seed is equipped with seeding alarm (57), clamp (58) is passed through at feed mechanism for seed two ends, is separately fixed on front beam (67) and middle cross beam (66).Front beam (67), fertilizing box (37) is had above middle cross beam (66), fertilizing box (37) has multirow fertilizer applicator, also has Seeding box (30), fertilizing box has on axle (41) driven pulley (51) and fertilizing box wheel (39), fertilizing box (39) is taken turns (27) by big chain (30) with tractor dynamic power and is connected, driven pulley (51) is taken turns (43) with power transmission shaft and is connected by gimmal (40), drive (43) has power transmission shaft (42), power transmission shaft (42) has three driven pulleys (46), driven pulley (46) is taken turns (13) by gimmal (11) with feed mechanism for seed and is connected, there is bearing (47) at power transmission shaft (42) two ends, on fixing middle cross beam (66).There are three row suppression combinations afer bay lower end, suppression combination there are suppression both arms (3), suppression both arms front end links together by being connected axle (15) with crumber rear end, there is press wheel (1) suppression both arms (3) rear end, suppression combination both arms frame has left and right soil-covering ploughshare handle seat (10), having soil-covering ploughshare handle (8) in handle seat, have left and right to close ploughshare (9,7) under handle, handle seat has fixing screw (56) to regulate height.There are ears (16) to connect lower end between press wheel (1) and soil-covering ploughshare handle seat (10), linked together by screw (5) and ears (16).There is moving sleeve (69) rear cross beam (68) both sides, movable sleeve (69) has fixing screw (65), has ears (45) under overcoat (69) and link together with connecting plate (4) upper end screw.In like manner connect both sides suppression combination.Coordinating mutually with both sides to regulate centre, use damping spring device (75), damping spring device upper end is connected with rear cross beam intermediate active overcoat (69), and lower end is connected with suppression combination both arms ears, is automatically adjusted with this.

3. according to claim 1 water saving soil moisture conservation furrow seeding method supporting stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine, it is characterised in that: described in have multiple disconnected straw garden blade (78).

4. according to claim 1, the stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine that water saving soil moisture conservation dragon ditch type of seeding is supporting, it is characterized in that: described plough (23), having a point stubble double-vane (21) on rear side of plough, plough handle is respectively mounted in upper both sides handle seat (54) of front beam (76).

5. the stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine that water saving soil moisture conservation furrow seeding method is supporting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described buffering elastic spring base (50), bar is had in spring, there is moving sleeve the front end of bar, it is cased with outward monaural, monaural is hung with tractor county and is connected, and the ears (60) in the middle of the other end and crossbeam (20) link together.

6. the stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine that the water saving soil moisture conservation supporting furrow seeding method of furrow seeding method is supporting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: crumber described in Fig. 3 (18), fixed jacket (16), cladding plate (14), movable axis (96), counterweight (97) (Fig. 3), middle cross beam (20) has multiple Plowtail base overcoat (34), plow stick (35) is had in it, put outward fixing screw (33) and adjusted height, together with plow stick (35) lower surface is fixing with crumber overcoat (16).

7. the stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine that water saving soil moisture conservation furrow seeding method is supporting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: under afer bay, have three row to close soil suppression combination, suppression combination both arms frame (3), both arms frame front end links together by being connected axle (15) with on rear side of crumber, there is press wheel (1) suppression both arms frame rear end, left and right soil-covering ploughshare handle seat (10) is had in the middle of both arms frame, soil-covering ploughshare handle (8), left and right soil-covering ploughshare (9,7) handle seat is had to have solid nail screw (56), adjustable height below handle.The one end having fixing ears (6) and connecting plate (4) between press wheel, soil-covering ploughshare handle seat connects, the other end of connecting plate with have together with fixing ears (45) are screwed with connecting plate below the moving sleeve (69) on rear cross beam (68), both sides suppression combination is vertically connected with in like manner.Combine high low phase coordinate for regulating middle suppression combination and both sides suppression, use damping spring device (shown in Fig. 5), damping spring device upper end and rear cross beam intermediate active overcoat (69), lower end is connected height with suppression combination both arms with ears (6) and is automatically adjusted.

8. the water saving soil moisture conservation supporting stubble stalk also field multiple operation tilling and seeding machine of furrow seeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: can flat planting, three row, two row.Soil condition is also adapted to three row.Middle crumber suppression combination can be unloaded down, broadcast two row.

9. the multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine that water saving soil moisture conservation furrow seeding method is supporting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: left soil-covering ploughshare (7), right soil-covering ploughshare (9) soil-covering ploughshare has handle (8), together with fixing with suppression both arms (3) soil-covering ploughshare handle seat (10) above.Seedling grow to when 20--30 centimetre soil-covering ploughshare can use reversed left to right can weed eradication.

10. the stubble stalk also field multiple operation combination tilling and seeding machine that water saving soil moisture conservation furrow seeding method is supporting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: can plow by simply adjustment, topdress, seal ridge.Unload front beam (76) plough handle seat (54) down one, the leading flank in the middle of front beam is installed, then the plough handle (25) on plough (23) is fixed in handle seat (54).Then plow stick (35) lower end crumber again, suppression combination is unloaded down, and at the other end fixing to ploughshare (74) and earth separation plate (71) plow stick (35), earth separation plate (71) has support plate, support plate has multiple circular hole, the adjustable width.Can intertill, topdress, seal ridge.