CN105695043B - 一种工业油复配抗氧剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种工业油复配抗氧剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105695043B
CN105695043B CN201610019445.3A CN201610019445A CN105695043B CN 105695043 B CN105695043 B CN 105695043B CN 201610019445 A CN201610019445 A CN 201610019445A CN 105695043 B CN105695043 B CN 105695043B
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熊靓
严斌
刘影
叶世春
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Guangchang Daxin Material Technology Service (shenzhen) Ltd By Share Ltd
Shenzhen Guangchangda Petroleum Additive Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/06Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic nitrogen-containing compound
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/68Esters
    • C10M129/76Esters containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/12Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/38Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M133/44Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/14Metal deactivation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种工业油复配抗氧剂及其制备方法,由3,5‐二叔丁基‐4‐羟基苯丙酸异辛酯、三乙二醇醚‐二(3‐叔丁基‐4‐羟基‐5‐甲基苯基)丙酸酯、芳香胺类化合物、金属减活剂和溶剂复配而成。本发明抗氧剂与工业油和其他添加剂的配伍性好,不易析出;热稳定性好,在较宽的温度范围内抗氧化效果突出,适用范围广;不含硫、磷和金属元素,对环境影响小,是一种工业油高效环保抗氧剂。

Description

一种工业油复配抗氧剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于油品添加剂领域,具体来说涉及一种工业油特别是变压器油和润滑油的复配抗氧剂。
技术背景
工业油主要包括润滑油、液压油、透平油、汽轮机油、压缩机油、变压器油防锈油脂、气缸油、热处理油、导热油等,广泛应用于各行各业中,但其在使用过程中,受环境和介质的影响,很容易发生氧化,出现浑浊、沉淀、粘度增大等现象,影响工业油的性能及使用寿命。加入抗氧剂是目前解决各类工业油,特别是变压器油和润滑油在不同工况条件下的氧化危害问题,改善其抗氧化性和热氧化安定性的主要办法。
目前,工业上应用的抗氧剂主要有胺类抗氧剂、酚类抗氧剂、硫代二丙酸酯、亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂等。通常单一的抗氧剂难以满足各种工业油的性能要求,需复配使用。目前研究和应用比较成熟的复合抗氧剂主要有:芳香胺与含硫添加剂复合体系、芳香胺与酚类抗氧剂复合体系、芳香胺与有机钼化合物复合体系以及硼酸酯与芳香胺复合体系等(CN200510048003.3)。
但是,上述复合抗氧剂体系在实际使用中仍然存在一些问题,如:芳香胺与酚类抗氧剂复合体系在较高的工作温度下抗氧效果不佳;与工业油互溶性差,在储存过程中经常有固体物质析出;工业油使用的环境中经常含有大量的金属离子,会对其氧化产生催化作用,加速工业油的氧化;普遍含有硫、磷或金属元素,毒性大,会对环境造成污染。因此,研究开发一种高效环保的工业油抗氧剂是当务之急。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种抗氧效果优异、适用温度范围宽、储存稳定性好、环境友好的复配抗氧剂,该产品可用于各种工业油,尤其是变压器油和润滑油中。
本发明可以通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种工业油复配抗氧剂,包括如下质量份物质:10%~50%的3,5‐二叔丁基‐4‐羟基苯丙酸异辛酯、1%~15%的三乙二醇醚‐二(3‐叔丁基‐4‐羟基‐5‐甲基苯基)丙酸酯、1%~10%的芳香胺类化合物、1%~10%的金属减活剂,将上述各物质加入到有机溶剂中,充分搅拌至无固体颗粒,即得所述的抗氧化剂。
进一步的,所述的芳香胺类化合物为N,N'‐二仲丁基对苯二胺、N‐苯基‐N'‐异丙基对苯二胺中、N,N'‐二(2‐萘基)对苯二胺、二辛基二苯胺、二壬基二苯胺或丁辛基二苯胺中的一种或其几种的混合物。
进一步的,所述的金属减活剂为苯并三氮唑或其衍生物甲基苯丙三氮唑和苄基苯丙三氮唑中的一种。
进一步的,所述的有机溶剂为混四甲苯或重芳烃。
进一步的,所述的抗氧剂在工业油中的添加量(质量百分含量)为0.1%~0.5%。
本发明复配抗氧剂有以下优点:首先,主剂3,5‐二叔丁基‐4‐羟基苯丙酸异辛酯在各种油品中溶解性好,不易析出,优于当前工业上普遍使用的抗氧剂T501;其次,各组分沸点高、热稳定性好,能在较宽的温度范围内使用;再次,组分3,5‐二叔丁基‐4‐羟基苯丙酸异辛酯、三乙二醇醚‐二(3‐叔丁基‐4‐羟基‐5‐甲基苯基)丙酸酯、对苯二胺类化合物和二苯胺类化合物抗氧化活性存在差异,具有协同效应。而苯并三氮唑及其衍生物作为金属钝化剂可有效降低油品中具有催化氧化活性的金属离子浓度(或在金属表面形成一层保护膜),属于预防型抗氧剂,与其他组分具有非均匀协同效应;最后,本发明产品不含硫、磷和金属元素,毒性小,对环境相对友好。
具体实施方式
如下的实施例将更详细地描述本发明,但本发明不仅仅局限于这些具体的实施例中。
实施例1
将表1中的各质量份物质3,5‐二叔丁基‐4‐羟基苯丙酸异辛酯(IRGANOX 1135)、三乙二醇醚‐二(3‐叔丁基‐4‐羟基‐5‐甲基苯基)丙酸酯(IRGANOX 245)、芳香胺类化合物、金属减活剂苯并三氮唑或其衍生物加入溶剂混四甲苯中,充分搅拌至无固体颗粒,制得不同类型抗氧剂成品。
表1
注:余量为有机溶剂。
实施例2
将上述复配得到的抗氧剂样品加入到变压器油中,采用GB 2536‐2011方法测试复配抗氧剂对变压器油的抗氧化效果,结果见下表。
表2本发明复配抗氧剂和市售抗氧剂215对变压器油氧化安定性的影响
注:1.检测仪器:A‐96氧化安定性测定器,A‐250AI‐6000油介损电陨率测量仪等;2.检测环境条件:温度18~20℃,40%~50%RH;3.抗氧剂加量均为0.1wt%。
总酸值、油泥和介质损耗因数是变压器油运行特性的重要指标,尤其介质损耗因数,是评价变压器油优劣尤为重要的一个参数。从上表可知,复配抗氧剂Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ及Ⅶ的抗氧化性能明显优于市售抗氧剂215。
实施例3
将上述复配得到的抗氧剂样品加入到润滑油中,采用美国联邦实验方法FTM5308.7测试复配抗氧剂对润滑油基础油的抗氧化效果,结果见下表。
表3本发明复配抗氧剂及市售抗氧剂215对航空润滑油基础油氧化安定性的测试结果
抗氧剂编号 酸值增加,% 粘度增加,% 重量损失,% 沉积物,mg
2.35 58 3.6 痕量
2.17 48 2.2 痕量
2.00 34 1.4
1.70 30 0
1.67 27 0
1.93 33 0
1.87 31 0
215 2.10 53 2.0 痕量
注:1.实验条件:温度232℃,测试时间24h,空气流速5m 3/h,催化剂为铁、铜、铝、铅,润滑油基础油为季戊四醇酯;2.抗氧剂加量均为0.5wt%。
酸值、粘度、重量损失和沉积物是评价润滑油氧化安定性的重要指标。从上表可知,本发明抗氧剂Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ及Ⅶ的抗氧性能优于市售抗氧剂215,与表2结论一致。

Claims (5)

1.一种工业油复配抗氧剂,其特征在于,所述的抗氧剂包括如下质量百分含量物质:30%~50%的3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯丙酸异辛酯、1%~15%的三乙二醇醚-二(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)丙酸酯、1%~10%的芳香胺类化合物、3%~10%的金属减活剂和20%~80%的有机溶剂,所述的金属减活剂为苯并三氮唑、甲基苯丙三氮唑或苄基苯丙三氮唑中的一种,各组分含量之和为100%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种工业油复配抗氧剂,其特征在于,所述的芳香胺类化合物为N,N'- 二仲丁基对苯二胺、N-苯基-N'-异丙基对苯二胺、N,N'-二(2-萘基)对苯二胺、二辛基二苯胺、二壬基二苯胺或丁辛基二苯胺中的一种或几种的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种工业油复配抗氧剂,其特征在于,所述的有机溶剂为混四甲苯或重芳烃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种工业油复配抗氧剂,其特征在于,所述的抗氧剂在工业油中的添加量为质量百分含量0.1%~0.5%。
5.一种工业油复配抗氧剂的制备方法,其特征在于,将质量百分含量30%~50%的3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯丙酸异辛酯、1%~15%的三乙二醇醚-二(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)丙酸酯、1%~10%的芳香胺类化合物和3%~10%的金属减活剂加入有机溶剂中,充分搅拌至无固体颗粒,即得抗氧剂。
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CN104130823A (zh) * 2014-07-29 2014-11-05 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种抗氧剂组合物、其用途以及包含其的工业齿轮油

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030027978A1 (en) * 2001-06-14 2003-02-06 Otto Ilg Light-stabilized polymeric articles and methods of making the same
CN104130823A (zh) * 2014-07-29 2014-11-05 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种抗氧剂组合物、其用途以及包含其的工业齿轮油

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