CN105664122A - 治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的中药制剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的中药制剂,它是由西洋参、黄芪、炒白术、茯苓、补骨脂、泽泻、荜澄茄、仙灵脾、仙茅、蜀羊泉、巴戟天、猪苓、干姜、制附子、山茱萸、桂枝、白茅根、防己、灯芯草、萹蓄、瞿麦、地肤子、金钱草、滑石、冬瓜仁按照一定的重量配比制成,具有健脾补气、利尿通淋、补益肝肾、温中散寒的功效,治疗效果显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药制剂,具体涉及治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的中药制剂,本发明还涉及该中药制剂的制备方法。
背景技术
抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征(syndromeofinappropriateantidiuretichormonesecretion,SIADH)是指由于多种原因引起的内源性抗利尿激素(ADH,即精氨酸加压素AVP)分泌异常增多,血浆抗利尿激素浓度相对于体液渗透压而言呈不适当的高水平,从而导致水潴留、尿排钠增多以及稀释性低钠血症等有关临床表现的一组综合征。抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的病理主要是由于AVP释放过多,且不受正常调节机制所控制,肾远曲小管与集合管对水的重吸收增加,尿液不能稀释,游离水不能排出体外,如摄入水量过多,水分在体内潴留,细胞外液容量扩张,血液稀释,血清钠浓度与渗透压下降。同时,细胞内液也处于低渗状态,细胞肿胀,当影响脑细胞功能时,可出现神经系统症状。本综合征一般不出现水肿,因为当细胞外液容量扩张到一定程度,可抑制近曲小管对钠的重吸收,使尿钠排出增加,水分不致在体内满留过多。加之容量扩张导致心钠肽释放增加,使尿钠排出进一步增加,因此,钠代谢处于负平衡状态,加重低钠血症与低渗血症。同时,容量扩张,肾小球滤过率增加,以及醒固自同分泌受到抑制,也增加尿钠的排出。由于AVP的持续分泌,虽然细胞外液已处于低渗状态,但尿渗透压仍高于血浆渗透压。
抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的临床表现主要是:临床症状的轻重与ADH分泌和水负荷的程度有关。多数病人在限制水份时,可不表现典型症状。但如予以水负荷,则即可出现水中毒及低钠血症表现,可有进行性软弱无力,倦怠,血钠<125mmol/L时可出现神志模糊,血钠降至110mmol/L以下时,可有延髓麻痹,呈木僵状态,锥体束征阳性,甚至昏迷、抽搐,严重者可致死。虽然病人体内水潴留于细胞内,但一般不超过3~4L,故虽有体重增加而无水肿。
目前临床上对该病的治疗多是用抗利尿分泌抑制或(和)活性拮抗药物地美环素(demeclmyeline)可拮抗AVP作用于肾小管上皮细胞受体中腺苷酸环化酶的作用,抑制肾小管重吸收水分。还有一些运用锂盐或苯妥英钠进行治疗,但是这些药物会有明显的毒性,并且激素类药物如果长期使用,不仅会影响患者自身激素的分泌,而且还容易引起患者的不良反应,给患者带来二次伤害,并且此类药物的价格也比较昂贵,给病人家属也带来的了不小的经济负担。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的中药制剂,该中药制剂对于抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征具有疗效好,使用方便,治愈率高,价格低廉,不含激素、毒副作用小等特点。
本发明的另一目的是提供该治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的中药制剂的制备方法。
发明人在多年的临床医疗实践中,观察到抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征给患者带来的痛苦,根据该病症的发展规律,以及中药的配伍原则,并通过大量的临床验证,反复探索总结出治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的中药制剂的新配方,能够遏制抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的发展,促进患者自然恢复,改善患者体质为患者解除病痛。本发明选择西洋参、黄芪、炒白术、茯苓、补骨脂、泽泻、荜澄茄、仙灵脾、仙茅、蜀羊泉、巴戟天、猪苓、干姜、制附子、山茱萸、桂枝、白茅根、防己、灯芯草、萹蓄、瞿麦、地肤子、金钱草、滑石、冬瓜仁进行组合,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,使之具有健脾补气、利尿通淋、补益肝肾、温中散寒的功效,从而能够有效治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征。
本发明中药物的作用:
其中:
西洋参:为五加科植物西洋参PanaxquinquefoliumL.的干燥根。性味:甘、微苦,凉。归心、肺、肾经。功效:补气养阴,清热生津。用于气虚阴亏,内热,咳喘痰血,虚热烦倦,消渴,口燥咽干。《本草求原》:肺气本于肾,凡益肺气之药,多带微寒,但此则苦寒,唯火盛伤气,咳嗽痰血,劳伤失精者宜之。
黄芪:为豆科植物蒙古黄芪Astragalusmembranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao或膜荚黄芪Astragalusmembranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.的干燥根。性味:甘,微温。归肺、脾、肝、肾经。功效:补气升阳、固表敛汗、利水消肿、托疮排脓、通调水道。黄芪擅长补中益气,为补气升阳的要药,并且补气利尿,以消肿。
炒白术:为菊科植物白术AtractylodesmacrocephalaKoidz.的干燥根茎。炒白术为将蜜炙麸皮撒入热锅内,待冒烟时加入白术片,炒至焦黄色、逸出焦香气,取出,筛去蜜炙麸皮。每100kg白术片,用蜜炙麸皮10kg。性味:苦、甘,温。归脾、胃经。功效:健脾益气,燥湿利水,止汗,安胎,白术和茯苓配合使用,健脾渗湿以资化生之源,助西洋参益气补脾。白术既能补气健脾,又能燥湿利水,为健脾燥湿的要药。
茯苓:为多孔菌科真菌茯苓Poriacocos(Schw.)Wolf的干燥菌核。性味:甘、淡、平。归心、肺、脾、肾经。功效:利水渗湿,健脾宁心。本品甘补淡渗,既补又利,作用和缓,性平而无寒热之偏,为利水渗湿之要药。治疗水湿内行的水肿时,常配泽泻、猪苓。茯苓煎剂有明显镇静作用。《药征》:“主治悸及肉瞤筋惕,旁治头眩烦躁。”本品通过益心脾而安心神。多用于心脾两虚,气血不足之心神不安。
补骨脂:为豆科植物补骨脂PsoraleacorylifoliaL.的果实。性味:辛、苦,温。归肾、脾经。功效:补肾壮阳,固精缩尿,温脾止泻,纳气平喘。本品能补肾阳、暖脾阳,止泄泻,为治脾肾阳虚之要药。本品辛苦温燥,能温补命门,补肾强腰,壮阳、固精、缩尿,为治肾阳不足、下元不固之要药。近代又研究出,补骨脂中的有效成分具有扩张血管的作用。
泽泻:为泽泻科植物泽泻Alismaorientalis(Sam.)Juzep.的干燥块茎。性味:甘、寒。归肾、膀胱经。功效:利小便,清湿热。用于水湿内停之水肿、小便不利。泽泻和白术同用,可用于治水湿痰饮所致的眩晕。本品入肾、膀胱经,性寒善清下焦湿热。此外对金黄色葡萄球菌,肺炎双球菌,结核杆菌有抑制作用。本品入肾、膀胱经,性寒善清下焦湿热,多用于下焦湿热证。泽泻具有显著的利尿作用,能促进氯化物的排泄,增加尿量,对肾炎患者利尿作用更为明显,有降压、降血糖作用,还有抗脂肪肝的作用。
荜澄茄:为樟科植物山鸡椒Litseacubeba(Lour.)Pers.的干燥成熟果实。性味:辛,温。归脾、胃、肾、膀胱经。功效:温中散寒,行气止痛。用于胃寒呕逆,脘腹冷痛,寒疝腹痛,寒湿郁滞,小便浑浊。药理学研究表宁荜澄茄还具有广谱抗菌和杀死真菌的作用。
仙灵脾:为小檗科植物淫羊藿EpimediumbrevicornumMaxim.、箭叶淫羊藿Epimediumsagittatum(Sieb.etZucc.)Maxim.、柔毛淫羊藿EpimediumpubescensMaxim.、巫山淫羊藿EpimediumwushanenseT.S.Ying、或朝鲜淫羊藿EpimediumkoreanumNakai的干燥地上部分。性味:辛、甘,温。归肝、肾经。功效:补肾壮阳,祛风除湿。淫羊藿提取液具有雄性激素样作用,能提高机体免疫功能,特别是对肾虚病人免疫功能低下有改善作用;淫羊藿煎剂试管内对脊髓灰质炎病毒有显着的抑制作用,在药物与病毒接触1小时内,即表现灭活作用,对其他肠道病毒亦能抑制;对白色葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌有显着抑菌作用,对奈氏卡他球菌、肺炎双球菌、流感嗜血杆菌有轻度抑制作用。《本经》:主阴痿绝伤,茎中痛。利小便,益气力,强志。
仙茅:为石蒜科植物仙茅CurculigoorchioidesGaertn.的干燥根茎。性味:辛,温,有毒。入肾、肝经。功效:补肾阳,强筋骨,散寒湿。仙茅水提取液有兴奋性机能的作用。仙茅有增强免疫功能的作用。仙茅辛热,能补肾阳,兴阳道,止遗尿,常与淫羊藿、菟丝子同用。淫羊藿辛甘性温,温燥之性较强,补名门之火,祛风湿疏通络作用突出,长于治疗风湿痹痛,四肢麻木等,仙茅辛热有毒,暖腰膝、祛寒湿作用突出。仙茅与淫羊藿相须为用温阳补肾,用于肾阳不足、命门火衰的阳痿精冷,以及肾虚腰膝痿软,筋骨冷痛。
蜀羊泉:茄科蜀羊泉SolanumseptemlobumBunge,以全草入药。性味:苦,寒,功能主治:清热解毒。主咽喉肿痛;目昏赤;乳腺炎;肋腺炎;疥癣;疥癣瘙痒。
巴戟天:为双子叶植物药茜草科植物巴戟天MorindaofficinalisHow的干燥根。性味:辛,甘;微温。归肾经、肝经。功效:补肾助阳,祛风除湿,强筋健骨。用于肝肾不足的筋骨痿软、腰膝疼痛常配杜仲等,或者风湿久痹而肝肾虚损者,常配牛膝等;本品既能补阳益精而强筋骨,又能辛温而除风湿,故肝肾不足兼有风湿而腰膝疼痛者,用之最宜。
猪苓:为多孔菌科真菌猪苓Polyporusumbellatus(Pers.)Fries的干燥菌核。性味:甘、淡、平。归肾、膀胱经。功效:利水渗湿。猪苓与茯苓配伍,猪苓专攻利水渗湿,且利水作用叫茯苓强,茯苓既补又利,兼能健脾宁心。
干姜:为姜科植物姜ZingiberofficinaleRosc.的干燥根茎。性味:辛、热。归脾、胃、心、肺经。功效:温中散寒,回阳通脉,燥湿消痰,温肺化饮。用于脘腹冷痛,呕吐泄泻,肢冷脉微,痰饮喘咳。本品辛热燥烈、主入脾胃经,长于温暖中焦脾阳而散寒,故凡中焦寒证,无论外寒内侵之实寒证,还是阳气不足之虚寒证,均为要药,常配高良姜治疗脘腹冷痛、泄泻。
制附子:为毛茛科植物乌头AconitumcarmichaeliDebx.的子根的加工品。性味:辛、甘,大热;有毒。归心、肾、脾经。功效:回阳救逆,补火助阳,散寒止痛。本品辛热燥烈,走而不守,能通行十二经,既能追复散失之亡阳,又能资助不足之元阳,与补益药同用,可治一身上下阳气衰微、阴寒内盛之证,能上助心阳以通脉,中温脾阳以健运,下温肾阳以益火,脾肾阳虚、寒湿内盛所致的脘腹冷痛、大便溏泻常配干姜。
山茱萸:为山茱萸科植物山茱萸CornusofficinalisSieb.etZucc.的干燥成熟果肉。性味:酸、涩,微温。归肝、肾经。功效:补益肝肾,涩精固脱。主治头晕目眩,耳聋耳鸣,腰膝酸软,遗精滑精,小便频数,虚汗不止,妇女崩漏。本品能补肾纳气,且有酸敛之功,可免肺气耗散,常与五味子配伍,在补肺纳肾剂中使用,治疗肾气虚喘。治肾阳不足,阳痿、遗精、遗尿,山茱萸可与补骨脂等药同用,以温补肾气,固精缩尿,如《扶寿精方》中的草还丹;治老人小便不节或尿遗不禁,可与益智仁、人参、白术同用,以温肾益气而缩小便;治五更肾泄,可与人参、白术、补骨脂等同用,以温补脾肾,涩肠止泻,如《先醒斋医学广笔记》中的脾肾双补丸;治妇女血崩,可与白芍实肝收敛以藏书,配黄芪、白术、补脾益气而统血,使固冲止血,如《医学衷中参西录》中的固冲汤。
桂枝:为樟科植物肉桂CinnamomumcassiaPresl的干燥嫩枝。性味:辛、甘,温。归心、肺、膀胱经。功效:发汗解肌,温通经脉,助阳化气,平冲降气。桂枝常用于治疗痰饮、蓄水证,水为阴邪,得阳始化,桂枝入膀胱经,能温阳化气,以行水湿痰饮之邪,用治脾阳不运之痰饮证,常与茯苓、白术等同用。桂枝性温,善通阳气,能化阴寒,对阴寒遏阻阳气,津液不能输布,因而水湿停滞形成痰饮的病症。
白茅根:为禾本科植物多年生草本白茅Imperatacylindrica的根茎。性味:甘,寒。归肺、胃、膀胱经。功效:凉血止血,清热利尿。用于血热吐血,衄血,尿血,热病烦渴,黄疸,水肿,热淋涩痛;急性肾炎水肿。《本草经疏》记载:劳伤虚赢,必内热,茅根甘能补脾,甘则虽寒而不犯胃。甘寒能除内热,故主劳伤虚赢。益脾所以补中,除热所以益气,甘能益血,血热则瘀,瘀则闭,闭则寒热作矣,寒凉血,甘益血,热去则血和,和则瘀消而闭通,通则寒热自止也。小便不利,由于内热也,热解则便自利。
防己:为防己科植物粉防己StephaniatetrandraS.Moore的干燥根。性味:苦,寒。归膀胱、肺经。功效:利水消肿,祛风止痛。用于水肿脚气,小便不利,湿疹疮毒,风湿痹痛;高血压。用于风湿痹痛,多配伍薏苡仁、滑石、蜇砂等清热除湿之品。对寒湿痹痛,须用温经止痛的肉桂、附子等药同用。用于水肿、小便不利等症,可与椒目、葶苈子、大枣等配伍同用,若属虚证,常与黄耆、茯苓、白朮等配伍。
灯芯草:为灯心草科植物灯心草JuncuseffususL.的干燥茎髓。性味:甘、淡,微寒。归心、肺、小肠经。功效:清心火,利小便。用于心烦失眠,尿少涩痛,口舌生疮。适宜病情较轻者,或作清热利水药如木通、滑石药的辅助品。
萹蓄:为蓼科植物萹蓄PolygonumaviculareL.的干燥地上部分。性味:苦,微寒。归膀胱经。功能:利尿通淋,杀虫,止痒。用于膀胱热淋,小便短赤,淋沥涩痛,皮肤湿疹,阴痒带下。张寿颐:萹蓄,《本经》、《别录》皆以却除湿热为治。浸淫疥疮,疽痔,阴蚀,三虫,皆湿热为病也。后人以其泄化湿热,故并治溲涩淋浊。濒湖以治黄疸、霍乱,皆即清热利湿之功用。然亦惟湿阻热结为宜,而气虚之病,皆非其治。若湿热疮疡,浸淫痛痒,红肿四溢,脓水淋漓等证,尤其专职。
瞿麦:本品为石竹科石竹属植物瞿麦DianthussuperbusL.或石竹DianthuschinensisL.的干燥地上部分。性味:苦,寒。归心、小肠经。功效:利尿通淋,破血通经。用于热淋,血淋,石淋,小便不通,淋沥涩痛,月经闭止。用于小便淋沥涩痛等症,常与滑石、车前子、萹蓄等同用。
地肤子:为藜科植物地肤Kochiascoparia(L.)Schrad.的干燥成熟果实。性味:辛、苦,寒。归肾、膀胱经。功效:清热利湿,祛风止痒。用于小便涩痛,阴痒带下,风疹,湿疹,皮肤瘙痒。
金钱草:为报春花科植物过路黄LysimachiachristinaeHance的干燥全草。性味:甘、咸,微寒。归肝、胆、肾、膀胱经。功效:清利湿热,通淋,消肿。用于热淋,沙淋,尿涩作痛,黄疸尿赤,痈肿疔疮,毒蛇咬伤;肝胆结石,尿路结石。用于热淋,尤善治疗石淋病症,可单味浓煎代茶饮服,或与海金沙、鸡内金等同用。
滑石:为硅酸盐类矿物滑石族滑石,主含含水硅酸镁[Mg3(Si4O10)(OH)2]。性味:甘、淡,寒。归膀胱、肺、胃经。功效:利尿通淋,清热解暑,祛湿敛疮。用于热淋,石淋,尿热涩痛,暑湿烦渴,湿热水泻;外治湿疹,湿疮,痱子。用于小便不利、淋沥涩痛等症,可配车前子、木通等品;用于湿热引起的水泻,可配合茯苓、薏苡仁、车前子等同用。对暑热病症可配合生甘草、鲜藿香、鲜佩兰等同用;治湿温胸闷、小便短赤,可配合生苡仁、通草,竹叶等同用。
冬瓜仁:即冬瓜的干燥成熟种子。性味:味甘;性微寒,归肺;大肠经。功能主治:润肺,化痰,消痈,利水。治痰热咳嗽,肺痈,肠痈,淋病,水肿,脚气,痔疮,鼻面酒皶。《山东中药》:治肾脏炎,尿道炎,小便不利,脚气,水肿。
本发明的方解是:方中西洋参补气养阴、清热生津,黄芪补气升阳,炒白术健脾益气、燥湿利水,补骨脂温补肾阳,茯苓利水渗湿,泽泻利小便,以上六味共为君药,一方面从身体根本上进行补气养阴、温阳补肾,从身体的根本上进行调理患者的身体,增强患者身体状况,减少患者的不适感,另一方面,炒白术、茯苓、泽泻,助西洋参益气补脾的同时,还可以增加利水的效果,减少患者体内水潴留的症状,君药从以上两个方面对患者进行治疗,促进患者的恢复。荜澄茄温中散寒、行气止痛,仙灵脾、仙茅温肾壮阳,蜀羊泉清热解毒,巴戟天补肾助阳,猪苓配合茯苓利水渗湿,干姜、制附子温中散寒、回阳通脉,山茱萸补益肝肾,以上九味共为臣药,增强君药药效的同时,多具有温中散寒、清热解毒的功效,帮助患者排出水分,缓解患者临床不适感,加快患者的恢复。桂枝温经通脉,白茅根凉血止血、清热利尿,防己利水消肿,灯芯草清心火、利小便,萹蒿、瞿麦利尿通淋,地肤子、金钱草清热利湿,滑石、冬瓜仁消痈利水,以上几味共为佐药,增加了利尿通淋的临床效果,在临床症状上消除患者水肿的现象,佐药的药性都比较温和,可以使得药物作用和缓,减少对患者的伤害,此方诸药合用,君臣协力,佐使共辅,具有健脾补气、利尿通淋、补益肝肾、温中散寒的功效,能够有效治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征。
本发明药物原料用量是经发明人进行大量摸索总结得出的,各原料用量为在下述重量份范围都具有较好的疗效:西洋参3-9份、黄芪45-55份、炒白术19-29份、茯苓13-23份、补骨脂10-20份、泽泻10-20份、荜澄茄7-17份、仙灵脾10-20份、仙茅7-17份、蜀羊泉7-17份、巴戟天10-20份、猪苓13-23份、干姜13-23份、制附子7-17份、山茱萸5-15份、桂枝13-23份、白茅根15-25份、防己7-17份、灯芯草7-17份、萹蓄15-25份、瞿麦13-23份、地肤子7-17份、金钱草19-29份、滑石25-35份、冬瓜仁19-29份。
其中优选为:西洋参6份、黄芪50份、炒白术24份、茯苓18份、补骨脂15份、泽泻15份、荜澄茄12份、仙灵脾15份、仙茅12份、蜀羊泉12份、巴戟天15份、猪苓18份、干姜18份、制附子12份、山茱萸10份、桂枝18份、白茅根20份、防己12份、灯芯草12份、萹蓄20份、瞿麦18份、地肤子12份、金钱草24份、滑石30份、冬瓜仁24份。
本发明药物可以采用中药制剂的常规方法制备成任何常规内服制剂,如丸剂、散剂、片剂、口服液等。例如可以将这些原料药研成粉末混合均匀制成散剂冲服;可以用水煎,经过滤得滤液,加入防腐剂制成口服液;必要时也可以直接服用汤剂,由于本病患者多会出现水肿的现象,汤剂会增加了患者的饮水量,因此本发明优选的制备方法是制备成口服液。
本发明优选的制备方法是口服液,其制备方法如下:
步骤一:按本发明重量配比,称取炒白术、制附子、滑石粉碎至200目筛,备用;
步骤二:按本发明重量配比,称取西洋参、黄芪、仙茅、巴戟天、干姜、白茅根、防己浸泡约1小时,用水蒸气蒸馏法提取其挥发油,提取2次,第一次1.5小时,第二次1小时,合并、浓缩提取液,备用;
步骤三:将上述药渣加入泽泻、仙灵脾、蜀羊泉、灯芯草、萹蒿、瞿麦、冬瓜仁以及用纱布包好的茯苓、猪苓一起放入砂锅中,加水超过药物4厘米左右的,先用武火将水煎开,然后转为文火,煎煮约0.5小时,然后加入补骨脂、荜澄茄、山茱萸、地肤子继续煎煮20分钟,过滤,得滤液,备用;
步骤四:将步骤一中所得粉末,步骤二中所得水蒸气蒸馏液以及步骤三所得滤液加入木糖醇或甘草甜素做调味剂、羟苯酯类0.03%,苯甲酸0.2%及作混合做防腐剂,用蒸馏水或离子水调整至总量,放入冰库泠沉24-48小时,过滤,灌装,流通蒸汽灭菌,即得本发明所述治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的口服液。
本发明药物具有健脾补气、利尿通淋、补益肝肾、温中散寒的功效,且疗效好,使用方便,治愈率高,价格低廉,不含激素、毒副作用小,该中药制剂采用的方式治疗可以解除抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征患者的病痛,减少激素类药物对患者身体造成的伤害,同时也减轻了家庭负担,据对临床90例患者观察统计,使用本发明药物一个疗程总有效率85.5%,两个疗程总有效率92.2%。
具体实施方式
实施例一、西洋参3份、黄芪45份、炒白术19份、茯苓13份、补骨脂10份、泽泻10份、荜澄茄7份、仙灵脾10份、仙茅7份、蜀羊泉7份、巴戟天10份、猪苓13份、干姜13份、制附子7份、山茱萸5份、桂枝13份、白茅根15份、防己7份、灯芯草7份、萹蓄15份、瞿麦13份、地肤子7份、金钱草19份、滑石25份、冬瓜仁19份。
步骤一:按本发明重量配比,称取炒白术、制附子、滑石粉碎至200目筛,备用;
步骤二:按本发明重量配比,称取西洋参、黄芪、仙茅、巴戟天、干姜、白茅根、防己浸泡约1小时,用水蒸气蒸馏法提取其挥发油,提取2次,第一次1.5小时,第二次1小时,合并、浓缩提取液,备用;
步骤三:将上述药渣加入泽泻、仙灵脾、蜀羊泉、灯芯草、萹蒿、瞿麦、冬瓜仁以及用纱布包好的茯苓、猪苓一起放入砂锅中,加水超过药物4厘米左右的,先用武火将水煎开,然后转为文火,煎煮约0.5小时,然后加入补骨脂、荜澄茄、山茱萸、地肤子继续煎煮20分钟,过滤,得滤液,备用;
步骤四:将步骤一中所得粉末,步骤二中所得水蒸气蒸馏液以及步骤三所得滤液加入木糖醇或甘草甜素做调味剂、羟苯酯类0.03%,苯甲酸0.2%及作混合做防腐剂,用蒸馏水或离子水调整至总量,放入冰库泠沉24-48小时,过滤,灌装,流通蒸汽灭菌,即得本发明所述治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的口服液。
实施例二、西洋参6份、黄芪50份、炒白术24份、茯苓18份、补骨脂15份、泽泻15份、荜澄茄12份、仙灵脾15份、仙茅12份、蜀羊泉12份、巴戟天15份、猪苓18份、干姜18份、制附子12份、山茱萸10份、桂枝18份、白茅根20份、防己12份、灯芯草12份、萹蓄20份、瞿麦18份、地肤子12份、金钱草24份、滑石30份、冬瓜仁24份。
制备和使用方法同实施例一。
实施例三、西洋参9份、黄芪55份、炒白术29份、茯苓23份、补骨脂20份、泽泻20份、荜澄茄17份、仙灵脾20份、仙茅17份、蜀羊泉17份、巴戟天20份、猪苓23份、干姜23份、制附子17份、山茱萸15份、桂枝23份、白茅根25份、防己17份、灯芯草17份、萹蓄25份、瞿麦23份、地肤子17份、金钱草29份、滑石35份、冬瓜仁29份。
制备和使用方法同实施例一。
下面是患者使用本发明药物的临床统计资料:
一、一般资料
收治门诊患者90例,其中男性42例,女性48例,男女比例1:1.14,年龄43-72岁,病程时间不等,患者年龄、性别、病程等各项基本资料基本相同,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
二、治疗方法:
按照本发明药物实施例二,以及优选的制备方法制成的口服液,早晚各服一次,一天两次,15天为一个疗程。
三、疗效评定标准:1、治愈:症状、体征消失,低钠血症、体重增加等临床症状完全消失。
2、好转:症状、体征明显减轻,水中毒、低钠血症的现象得到改善,身体逐渐恢复。
3、未愈:各种症状等均依旧,完全没改善。
四、治疗结果统计
其中:总有效率=治愈率+好转率。
通过用于结果的统计表明,本发明中药在治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征具有良好的临床效果,能有效提高治疗的治愈率,值得在临床应用上推广。
典型病例及疗效:
病例一、田某,男,40岁,患者患有肺部感染性疾病多年,最近一段时间患者出现体重增加,水中毒的现象,患者去医院检查,最终确诊为抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征,患者曾经服用激素类药物进行治疗,停药后,经常出现复发的现象,效果不是很理想,患者经过多方打听,决定采用中药的治疗方式进行治疗,来我处就诊,采用本发明实施例二中所制制剂,以及所选的制备方法,服用一个疗程后,患者感觉良好,水中毒、低钠血症等症状基本消失,继续使用2个疗程后身体不适的症状得到好转,持续观察3个月后,未复发,痊愈。病例二、高某,女,55岁,患者患有脑萎缩多年,最近发现患者无故体重增加,低钠血症等症状,患者去医院检查,得知,患者是因为脑萎缩影响了下丘脑-神经垂体功能,最终确诊为抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征,患者层服用多种药物进行治疗,但是效果均不理想,后就在我处就诊,采用本发明实施例二中所制制剂,以及所选的制备方法,服用一个疗程后,体重明显恢复正常,低钠血症等临床症状得到控制,继续使用一个疗程,患者身体状态持续好转,去医院检查,各项指标均恢复正常,持续观察3个月后,未见复发,痊愈。
Claims (4)
1.治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的中药制剂,其特征在于,该中药制剂是由以下重量份的药物制成:西洋参3-9份、黄芪45-55份、炒白术19-29份、茯苓13-23份、补骨脂10-20份、泽泻10-20份、荜澄茄7-17份、仙灵脾10-20份、仙茅7-17份、蜀羊泉7-17份、巴戟天10-20份、猪苓13-23份、干姜13-23份、制附子7-17份、山茱萸5-15份、桂枝13-23份、白茅根15-25份、防己7-17份、灯芯草7-17份、萹蓄15-25份、瞿麦13-23份、地肤子7-17份、金钱草19-29份、滑石25-35份、冬瓜仁19-29份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的中药制剂,其特征在于,由以下重量份的药物制成:西洋参6份、黄芪50份、炒白术24份、茯苓18份、补骨脂15份、泽泻15份、荜澄茄12份、仙灵脾15份、仙茅12份、蜀羊泉12份、巴戟天15份、猪苓18份、干姜18份、制附子12份、山茱萸10份、桂枝18份、白茅根20份、防己12份、灯芯草12份、萹蓄20份、瞿麦18份、地肤子12份、金钱草24份、滑石30份、冬瓜仁24份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的中药制剂,其特征在于:所述中药制剂为口服液。
4.治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,制备方法如下:
步骤一:按本发明重量配比,称取炒白术、制附子、滑石粉碎至200目筛,备用;
步骤二:按本发明重量配比,称取西洋参、黄芪、仙茅、巴戟天、干姜、白茅根、防己浸泡约1小时,用水蒸气蒸馏法提取其挥发油,提取2次,第一次1.5小时,第二次1小时,合并、浓缩提取液,备用;
步骤三:将上述药渣加入泽泻、仙灵脾、蜀羊泉、灯芯草、萹蒿、瞿麦、冬瓜仁以及用纱布包好的茯苓、猪苓一起放入砂锅中,加水超过药物4厘米左右的,先用武火将水煎开,然后转为文火,煎煮约0.5小时,然后加入补骨脂、荜澄茄、山茱萸、地肤子继续煎煮20分钟,过滤,得滤液,备用;
步骤四:将步骤一中所得粉末,步骤二中所得水蒸气蒸馏液以及步骤三所得滤液加入木糖醇或甘草甜素做调味剂、羟苯酯类0.03%,苯甲酸0.2%及作混合做防腐剂,用蒸馏水或离子水调整至总量,放入冰库泠沉24-48小时,过滤,灌装,流通蒸汽灭菌,即得本发明所述治疗抗利尿激素内分泌失调综合征的口服液。
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