CN105649717A - 汽车尾气净化器 - Google Patents

汽车尾气净化器 Download PDF

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CN105649717A
CN105649717A CN201610046156.2A CN201610046156A CN105649717A CN 105649717 A CN105649717 A CN 105649717A CN 201610046156 A CN201610046156 A CN 201610046156A CN 105649717 A CN105649717 A CN 105649717A
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hole
hole honeycomb
automobile exhaust
exhaust purifier
aluminium lamination
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CN105649717B (zh
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冀永贵
凌振忠
张培良
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Shanxi Zhenhua Innovation Technology Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

汽车尾气净化器包括箱体，箱体一端设置有尾气入口，另一端设置有尾气出口，在箱体内沿尾气的流向依次分段设置有分散尾气流的分流装置、通孔蜂窝铝层、催化剂载体层和三元催化装置，所述通孔蜂窝铝层的两端均布有开口，两端的开口通过通孔蜂窝铝层内部的孔洞连通。所述催化剂载体层为通孔蜂窝铝块，通过内部相互连通的孔洞将两端连通，内部孔洞壁上覆盖有催化剂层。本发明结构简单、拆卸方便，不易堵塞，净化效果好，使用寿命也得到大大的提高，同时降低了汽车的噪音污染，又达到了较好的减震效果。

Description

汽车尾气净化器
技术领域
本发明涉及车用设备领域，具体的说是一种汽车尾气净化器。
背景技术
汽车排出的尾气成分主要有碳氢化合物、氮氧化合物、一氧化碳、颗粒碳等。三元催化主要是将汽车尾气中的一氧化碳、碳氢化合物、氮氧化合物等有害气体通过氧化和还原作用转变为无害的二氧化碳、水和氮气。但是催化剂表面沉积颗粒碳会使催化剂表面活性降低甚至失效，因此大多数尾气净化器会在催化剂载体前加设过滤装置。但是现采用的过滤装置上沉积颗粒碳的效果不是太好，容易堵塞，因此需要频繁更换过滤装置，大大降低了净化器的使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为解决上述技术问题的不足，提供一种净化效果好、使用寿命长的汽车尾气净化器。
本发明为解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是：汽车尾气净化器包括箱体，箱体一端设置有尾气入口，另一端设置有尾气出口，在箱体内沿尾气的流向依次分段设置有通孔蜂窝铝层、催化剂载体层和三元催化装置，所述通孔蜂窝铝层的两端均布有开口，两端的开口通过通孔蜂窝铝层内部相互连通的孔洞连通。
所述通孔蜂窝铝层的左端还设置有分散尾气流的分流装置。
所述催化剂载体层为通孔蜂窝铝块，通过内部相互连通的孔洞将两端连通，内部孔洞壁上涂覆有催化剂层。
所述箱体在通孔蜂窝铝层的位置设置有方便将通孔蜂窝铝层拆卸下来的拆卸结构。
所述分流装置为至少一块通孔蜂窝铝板。
本发明的有益效果是：1、本发明采用通孔蜂窝铝层作为过滤装置，增大了颗粒碳等颗粒物的沉淀数量且不易堵塞，沉积的颗粒碳还可以回收利用，拆卸清理都方便；2、本发明将通孔蜂窝铝块作为催化剂载体，解决了陶瓷载体容易堵塞的缺点，同时由于通孔蜂窝铝块的比表面积大使得催化效果更充分；3、本发明在尾气入口处设置通孔蜂窝铝板，使汽车排出的尾气流分散，均匀地通过箱体截面，避免对通孔蜂窝铝层和催化剂载体层造成局部老化损坏，延长净化器的使用寿命；4、本发明利用通孔蜂窝铝的结构，使得尾气净化器的噪音大大地降低，同时能达到较好的减震效果，在汽车上具有广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
图1是本发明结构示意图。
图2是通孔蜂窝铝层的侧面局部结构示意图。
图中标记：1、箱体，101、尾气入口，102、尾气出口，2、分流装置，3、通孔蜂窝铝层，4、催化剂载体层，5、三元催化装置。
具体实施方式
汽车尾气净化器，包括箱体1，箱体1一端设置有尾气入口101，另一端设置有尾气出口102，在箱体1内沿尾气的流向依次分段设置有分散尾气流的分流装置2、通孔蜂窝铝层3、催化剂载体层4和三元催化装置5，所述通孔蜂窝铝层3的两端均布有开口，两端的开口通过通孔蜂窝铝层3内部相互连通的孔洞连通。催化剂载体层4为通孔蜂窝铝块，通过内部相互连通的孔洞将两端连通，内部孔洞壁上涂覆有催化剂层。箱体1在通孔蜂窝铝层3的位置设置有方便将通孔蜂窝铝层3拆卸下来的拆卸结构。分流装置2为一块通孔蜂窝铝板。
在使用过程中，汽车排出的尾气从尾气入口101处进入箱体1内，通过通孔蜂窝铝板将尾气流分散，均匀的通过通孔蜂窝铝层3，将尾气中的颗粒物过滤沉积到通孔蜂窝铝内部连通的孔洞内，然后尾气通过覆盖有催化剂层的通孔蜂窝铝块，由于通孔蜂窝铝块的比表面积大，使尾气和催化剂能够充分接触，催化效果好。经过过滤和催化后的尾气通过三元催化装置将HC、NOx、CO、颗粒碳等转化为CO2、H2O、N2排入到大气中。经过一定时间之后，通过通孔蜂窝铝层3侧壁上的拆卸结构可以将其拆卸下来，将通孔蜂窝铝层3内部沉积的颗粒碳等物质通过震荡等清理出来回收，回收的颗粒碳可以用于制造碳制品、橡胶制品等。本发明结构简单、拆卸方便，不易堵塞，净化效果好，使用寿命也得到大大的提高。采用本实施例的结构设置使得尾气净化器的噪音也会大大的降低，同时达到较好的减震效果，在汽车上具有很好的应用前景。
进一步地，为了使尾气流分散更均匀，分流装置2可以采用2块或3块通孔蜂窝铝板，进一步延长净化器的使用寿命。
以上所述仅是发明的优选实施方式，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变型，这些也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

1.汽车尾气净化器，包括箱体（1），箱体（1）一端设置有尾气入口（101），另一端设置有尾气出口（102），其特征在于：在箱体（1）内沿尾气的流向依次分段设置有通孔蜂窝铝层（3）、催化剂载体层（4）和三元催化装置（5），所述通孔蜂窝铝层（3）的两端均布有开口，两端的开口通过通孔蜂窝铝层（3）内部相互连通的孔洞连通。
2.如权利要求1所述的汽车尾气净化器，其特征在于：所述通孔蜂窝铝层（3）的左端还设置有分散尾气流的分流装置（2）。
3.如权利要求1所述的汽车尾气净化器，其特征在于：所述催化剂载体层（4）为通孔蜂窝铝块，通过内部相互连通的孔洞将两端连通，内部孔洞壁上涂覆有催化剂层。
4.如权利要求1所述的汽车尾气净化器，其特征在于：所述箱体（1）在通孔蜂窝铝层（3）的位置设置有方便将通孔蜂窝铝层（3）拆卸下来的拆卸结构。
5.如权利要求1所述的汽车尾气净化器，其特征在于：所述分流装置（2）为至少一块通孔蜂窝铝板。
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CN106523098A (zh) * 2016-11-10 2017-03-22 无锡市明盛强力风机有限公司 一种减少汽车三元催化器噪音的方法

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