CN105638563A - Beef cattle daily ration premixture with five-grain baijiu vinasse and feeding method - Google Patents
Beef cattle daily ration premixture with five-grain baijiu vinasse and feeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105638563A CN105638563A CN201610006294.8A CN201610006294A CN105638563A CN 105638563 A CN105638563 A CN 105638563A CN 201610006294 A CN201610006294 A CN 201610006294A CN 105638563 A CN105638563 A CN 105638563A
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- premix material
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- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a beef cattle daily ration premixture with five-grain baijiu vinasse and a feeding method. The premixture is prepared from lysine, ball mill bran, blue copperas, ferrous sulfate monohydrate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, manganese sulfate monohydrate, calcium iodate, sodium selenite, cobalt chloride, monensin sodium, salt, common phytase, imported yeast, calcium hydrophosphate, VA, VE and VD3. The beef cattle feeding method includes the steps that 40 healthy simmental crossbred cattle with the similar age and weight are selected and divided into four groups in random; a pretest is conducted for 5 days, and a formal test is conducted for 27 days; neck frame type feeding is adopted, and the simmental crossbred cattle are fed on the five-grain baijiu vinasse daily ration twice a day and drink water twice. The optimal formula is screened and optimized, the five-grain baijiu vinasse feed resource is fully developed and used, the vinasse use ratio is increased, the cattle raising feed cost is reduced, an ideal fattening effect is achieved, and cattle raising benefits are increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the feedstuff of beef cattle and feeding method technical field, be specifically related to a kind of cattle diet premix material made an addition in five grain type distillers ' grains and the method with the forage feed beef cattle containing this premix material.
Background technology
At China, beef cattle nutrition is really started in after foundation with feedstuff research, the development of beef cattle industries lags far behind pig industry, fowl industry, being engaged in the purchasing of the required laboratory animal of beef cattle nutrition and feedstuff experiment, raise and the expense such as maintenance is all significantly high, the research limiting beef cattle nutrition and feedstuff is extensively carried out. Recent years, along with country's startup to the attention of science and technology, the development of beef cattle industries and National agricultural (beef cattle) industrial technology, the people being engaged in beef cattle nutrition and feedstuff research gets more and more. How to develop new feed resource, to reduce the feeding cost of steer ration, be the emphasis of beef cattle nutrition and feedstuff research all the time.
Distiller grains are the side-products of wine-making industry, and in recent years, China white wine yield about 5,000,000 tons, distiller grains yield reaches 15,000,000 tons. And in China Yibin, there are five abundant grain type distiller grains resources, distillers ' grains powder yield is every year more than 800,000 tons. The nutritive value height of distiller grains, different because the kind of raw material is different. Distiller grains contain rich in protein, crude fat and abundant vitamin B group, energy, linoleic acid and many UGFs, is a kind of cheap, the high-quality feed feeding beef cattle. Research both domestic and external shows: compared with bean cake, Semen Maydis distiller's dried grain and soluble substance (DDGS) thereof are good by-pass protein (RUP), and the proportional balancing method of RUP seed amino acid is better, with DDGS replacement of corn and bean cake, Rumen Internal Environment and rumen zymosis situation can be improved, in DDGS, crude fibre and fat content are more, it is possible to substitute soluble-carbohydrate and starch, contribute to maintaining cud microecological balance and stable ruminal pH value. And the major part of five grain type distillers ' grains is rice husk, thick protein is more than 14%, its rumen bypass efficiency is also higher, show after deliberation, high quality white distiller grains can substitute for the full-time grain of about 50% in cattle diet, application distiller grains fattening beef cattle, can reduce concentrate and consume about 20%, reduce cost about 30%.It is reported that, the distiller grains daily ration (distiller grains account for 70%) of interpolation suitable additives feeds fattening beef cattle and can obtain the daily gain of 1.2��2.0kg. but distillers ' grains should not as unique coarse fodder of cattle diet, Long-term Feeding distillers ' grains makes its N��P ratio lack of proper care, vitamin A, D and trace element deficiency, there is also dysbolismus makes Beef Cattle Growth speed reduce, so daily ration to supplement Sal, sodium bicarbonate, stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, ferrum, copper, manganese, zinc, the trace quantity mineral substance elements such as selenium, and supplementary fat-soluble A, D, E, or with the use of premix compound special, therefore the feedstuff matched formula technique of distiller grains fattening beef cattle is key one ring in distiller grains fattening beef cattle, researching and developing five grain type distiller grains, to feed the premix formulation of beef cattle be the core technology that this problem will solve. simultaneously for the beef ox fattening using five grain type distiller grains as main roughage, currently without the nutrition regulation method of systematized feeding and management code and Nutrition and Metabolism disease, as greatly developing distiller grains cowboying, the research of these key technologies is particularly important.
In general, in China Yibin, distiller grains utilize as feed development has advantageous condition. Yibin is located in south, river basin Zhou Shanqu, be the wine of Chinese Famous all, it it is place, vital organs, China white wine Golden Triangle, city brewery is numerous, with Semen Maydis, rice, Semen Tritici aestivi, Sorghum vulgare Pers., Oryza glutinosa for raw material, fermenting with rice husk for carrier, the by-product after distilled spirit is five grain type distillers ' grains, it is five grain type distiller grains powder of traditional sense then through drying (pulverizing), is typical location advantage feed resource. According to estimates, the annual distiller grains powder yield in Yibin, at least at about 800,000 tons, all sells to other provinces with the form of raw material at present, and as the raw material of aquaculture, added value of product is low, and the performance of enterprises is poor. Production high-efficiency feed, is carry out cleaning to produce, develops eco-agriculture, a Sustainable Development Road of the environment that economizes on resources, effectively administers and protect.
Compared with distiller grains (DDG or DDGS) after making wine with single grain (Semen Maydis or rice), Yibin five grain type distillers ' grains crude fibre is higher, substantially more than 22%, at crude protein more than 14%, it is typical roughage, is suitable as the feedstuff of the ruminants such as cattle and sheep. Explore five grain type distiller grains and feed the supporting feed formula of beef cattle and science method for breeding, there is researching value pole, will for developing Yibin advantage feed resource, improve distiller grains comprehensive utilization ratio, reduce cowboying feed cost, under the premise doing cultivating link well, do a good job of it preventive measure simultaneously, improve cowboying benefit, carry out the necessary property of case study. The Research Prospects of this project is boundless.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome defect of the prior art, a kind of five grain type feedstuff matched formula of distillers ' grains fattening beef cattle are provided, research distiller grains cowboying science method for breeding, to reach more satisfactory fattening effect, screening and optimizing optimum formula, fully develop five grain type distillers ' grains feed resources, improve distiller grains utilization rate, reduce cowboying feed cost, carry out control and prevention of disease, improve cowboying benefit and distiller grains powder manufacturing enterprise economic benefit.
For achieving the above object, one of the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of cattle diet premix material made an addition in five grain type distillers ' grains, described premix material includes the lysine being respectively as follows: 0��0.8% by weight percentage, 26.977 the ball milling bran of��32.405%, the copper sulphate pentahydrate of 0.100��0.663%, the ferrous sulfate monohydrate of 0.161��0.640%, 0.232��1.030% zinc sulfate monohydrate, the manganese sulfate monohydrate of 0.193��0.583%, the content of 0.026��0.045% is the calcium iodate of 3%, the content of 0.08% is the sodium selenite of 1%, the content of 0.04% is the cobaltous chloride of 2%, the content of 1.4% is the monensin sodium of 10%, the Sal of 20%, the common phytase of 0��3%, the import yeast of 0��3%, the content of 14.554% is the calcium hydrogen phosphate of 17%, the calcium carbonate of 30%, the content of 0.02��0.04% is the VA (vitamin A) of 500,000 IU (iu)/g, the content of 0.2% is the VD3 that content is 500,000 IU/g (vitamin D3) of the VE (vitamin E) and 0.006% of 50%.
Wherein preferred technical scheme is, described premix material includes the ball milling bran being respectively as follows: 29% by weight percentage, the copper sulphate pentahydrate of 0.2%, the ferrous sulfate monohydrate of 0.623%, 0.464% zinc sulfate monohydrate, the manganese sulfate monohydrate of 0.384%, the content of 0.045% is the calcium iodate of 3%, the content of 0.08% is the sodium selenite of 1%, the content of 0.04% is the cobaltous chloride of 2%, the content of 1.4% is the monensin sodium of 10%, the Sal of 20%, the common phytase of 3%, the content of 14.554% is the calcium hydrogen phosphate of 17%, the calcium carbonate of 30%, the content of 0.04% is the VA (vitamin A) of 500,000 IU (iu)/g, the content of 0.2% is the VD3 that content is 500,000 IU/g (vitamin D3) of the VE (vitamin E) and 0.006% of 50%.
Preferred technical scheme is to also have, described premix material includes the lysine being respectively as follows: 0.8% by weight percentage, 26.977 ball milling bran, the copper sulphate pentahydrate of 0.605%, the ferrous sulfate monohydrate of 0.640%, 1.030% zinc sulfate monohydrate, the manganese sulfate monohydrate of 0.583%, the content of 0.045% is the calcium iodate of 3%, the content of 0.08% is the sodium selenite of 1%, the content of 0.04% is the cobaltous chloride of 2%, the content of 1.4% is the monensin sodium of 10%, the Sal of 20%, the import yeast of 3%, the content of 14.554% is the calcium hydrogen phosphate of 17%, the calcium carbonate of 30%, the content of 0.04% is the VA (vitamin A) of 500,000 IU (iu)/g, the content of 0.2% is the VD3 that content is 500,000 IU/g (vitamin D3) of the VE (vitamin E) and 0.006% of 50%.
Preferred technical scheme is to also have, described premix material includes the ball milling bran being respectively as follows: 32.213% by weight percentage, the copper sulphate pentahydrate of 0.1%, the ferrous sulfate monohydrate of 0.575%, 0.464% zinc sulfate monohydrate, the manganese sulfate monohydrate of 0.322%, the content of 0.026% is the calcium iodate of 3%, the content of 0.08% is the sodium selenite of 1%, the content of 0.04% is the cobaltous chloride of 2%, the content of 1.4% is the monensin sodium of 10%, the Sal of 20%, the content of 14.554% is the calcium hydrogen phosphate of 17%, the calcium carbonate of 30%, the content of 0.02% is the VA (vitamin A) of 500,000 IU/g, the content of 0.2% is the VD3 (vitamin D3) that content is 500,000 IU (iu)/g of the VE (vitamin E) and 0.006% of 50%.
Preferred technical scheme is to also have, described premix material includes the ball milling bran being respectively as follows: 32.405% by weight percentage, the copper sulphate pentahydrate of 0.663%, the ferrous sulfate monohydrate of 0.161%, 0.232% zinc sulfate monohydrate, the manganese sulfate monohydrate of 0.193%, the content of 0.026% is the calcium iodate of 3%, the content of 0.08% is the sodium selenite of 1%, the content of 0.04% is the cobaltous chloride of 2%, the content of 1.4% is the monensin sodium of 10%, the Sal of 20%, the content of 14.554% is the calcium hydrogen phosphate of 17%, the calcium carbonate of 30%, the content of 0.04% is the VA (vitamin A) of 500,000 IU/g, the content of 0.2% is the VD3 (vitamin D3) that content is 500,000 IU (iu)/g of the VE (vitamin E) and 0.006% of 50%.
Preferred technical scheme is to also have, and five described grain type distillers ' grains daily rations include five grain type distillers ' grains and concentrates, and five grain type distillers ' grains and concentrate ratio are 2:1.
Preferred technical scheme is to also have, described concentrate include being respectively as follows: by weight percentage 60% Semen Maydis, 20% Testa Tritici, 2.5% cottonseed meal, 8% rapeseed cake, 2% Sal, 1.5% stone powder, 2% sodium bicarbonate %, 4% premix material.
Preferred technical scheme is to also have, and described five grain type distillers ' grains are employing Sorghum vulgare Pers., Semen oryzae sativae, Oryza glutinosa, Semen Maydis and five kinds of grains of Semen Tritici aestivi is the side-product obtained after raw material wine brewing.
For achieving the above object, the two of the technical solution adopted in the present invention are:
A kind of use is added with the method that beef cattles fed by five grain type distillers ' grains daily rations of premix material, and the method for described nursing beef cattle includes: selects the western assorted cattle 40 that health that age, body weight are close for 364.6 �� 35.9kg is anosis, is randomly divided into 4 groups; First to test cattle stomach invigorating antihelminthic chemotherapy, trial test 5 days by a definite date before test, just having a try and testing 27 days by a definite date; Adopting neck posture to feed, feed five grain type distillers ' grains daily rations described in 2 claim 7 every day, drink water 2 times, the feeding and management of each group is consistent, and concentrate provides according to beef cattle weight 1% weight every day; Each process residue concentrate and five grain type distillers ' grains carry out weighing and record before raising the 2nd day morning, and temperature 15��20 DEG C in cowshed, humidity is maintained at 60%��65%.
Preferred technical scheme is, during when feeding time respectively outer morning 8 of 2 times described every day and afternoon 17.
How advantages of the present invention and having the beneficial effects that: owing to, in beef cattle production, feed cost accounts for more than the 70% of feeding cost, therefore efficiently utilize the complex art of feedstuff to study always as the research emphasis in domestic and international steer ration. Yibin be the well-known wine of China all, there are advantageous five grain type distiller grains resources, distillers ' grains powder yield, every year more than 1,000,000 tons, advances the feed resource comprehensive development and utilizations such as distiller grains, develops grain-saving type characteristic livestock-raising. with distillers ' grains powder cattle feeding, convert nearby, not only increase the value of distiller grains, and meet the policy that national development grain-saving type cultivates, have very big developing and utilizingpotentiality. in recent years, distillers ' grains culturing high-quality beef cattle is utilized to be widelyd popularize, carry out the daily ration scientific allocation of distiller grains cowboying feeding process, premix material, the science screening of concentrate supplement, the science method for breeding of distiller grains cowboying, the described cattle diet premix material made an addition in five grain type distillers ' grains, and the method with the forage feed beef cattle containing this premix material, it is intended to a series of feedstuff matched formula techniques in the grain type distillers ' grains fattening beef cattle process of research Yibin five, screening, optimize feedstuff matched formula, formulate scientific and reasonable distiller grains cowboying feeding and management code, more satisfactory beef ox fattening effect can be reached, improve distiller grains comprehensive utilization ratio, reduce feeding cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described. Following example are only for clearly illustrating technical scheme, and can not limit the scope of the invention with this.
The present invention is a kind of cattle diet premix material made an addition in five grain type distillers ' grains, and the method with the forage feed beef cattle containing this premix material.
Finished cattle is mainly binary, Three-way cross cattle. in China's Yibin finished cattle daily ration, distiller grains are main roughage, large nutrition such as energy and protein is met substantially, and the nutrient such as vitamin and trace element general lack of, for the finished cattle safe additive premix material that screening gaining effect is good, inventor adds different proportion distillers ' grains and the experimental study of finished cattle feeding effect is shown in early-stage Study, beef cattle improvement adds distiller grains and can be effectively improved beef cattle production performance, reduce and feed cost, increase economic benefit, wherein with the distiller grains substitution ratio best results of 50%, further research adopts the different premix formulation impact on feeding distillers ' grains type beef cattle effect, Yibin is the area that Chinese white distiller grains yield is maximum, although distiller grains add not only economy but also economical in beef cattle improvement, but scale of feeding is unsuitable excessive, feeding distiller grains in a large number very easily causes beef cattle hyperchlorhydria for a long time, the diseases such as cud flatulence.Therefore giving and feeding vinasse-type daily ration is that the beef cattle supporting premix material of screening led becomes urgent problem of the present invention.
Materials and methods
Experimental animal and EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Select age, body weight (364.6 �� 35.9kg) close, healthy anosis western assorted cattle 40, it is randomly divided into 4 groups, often 10 repetitions of group, 1 cattle of each repetition. Test adopts the design of single-factor random experiment, feeds 4 kinds of premix material.
Table 1 premix formulation
First to test cattle stomach invigorating anthelmintic physical therapy before test. 5 days preliminary trial periods, just the phase of trying is 27 days. Neck posture is adopted to feed, feed 2 times (08:00,17:00) every day, drink water 2 times, the feeding and management of each group is consistent, concentrate provides according to beef cattle weight 1% weight every day, distiller grains and concentrate ratio are 2:1, and each process residue concentrate and distillers ' grains carry out weighing and record before raising the 2nd day morning. Temperature 15��20 DEG C in cowshed, humidity is maintained at 60%��65%.
Index determining
During the feed intake test of concentrate and distillers ' grains, to be repeated as unit, record the concentrate and distillers ' grains scale of feeding and surplus that respectively repeat every day, calculate test average every day every cattle concentrate and distillers ' grains feed intake.
Daily gain and feed efficiency are tested the 1st day and last 1 day, weigh on an empty stomach being repeated as unit, and often group average weight is heavy as test original body mass and test end. Record original body mass and test end weight, calculate the daily gain of every test cattle; According to feed intake and weightening finish, calculate the food utilization efficiency of each process.
That records each process during fattening economic benefit test feeds cost, according to market cattle on the hoof valency at that time, calculates income. Feeding cost only calculates feed cost, does not count the expenses such as artificial, water power, depreciation and lease.
After Excel software preliminary treatment, use SPSS16.0 software that data are carried out the one-factor analysis of variance, analyze the difference between each process group, multiple comparisons is carried out in combination with DuncanShi method, P < 0.05 is significant difference, P < 0.01 is that difference is extremely notable, and result average �� standard deviation represents.
Result and analysis
Impact on fattening effect
Table 3 adds the different premix material impact on feeding vinasse-type daily ration beef cattle production performance
Note: show significant difference (P < 0.05) with the column data shoulder different lowercase alphabet of mark is identical or without letter representation difference notable (P > 0.05).
From table 3, cattle diet adds No. 2 premix material total augment weights and average daily gain and is significantly higher than No. 4 premix material (P < 0.05), higher than 1, No. 3 premix material, the notable P > 0.05 of difference). Add No. 2 premix material total augment weights and average daily gain is the highest, add No. 4 premix material total augment weights and average daily gain is minimum, add 1, No. 3 premix material group experimental datas close.
Impact on economic benefit
Table 4 adds the different premix material impact on feeding vinasse-type daily ration beef cattle economic benefit
From table 4, 1, No. 4 premix material arbor acre broiler are significantly higher than 2, No. 3 premix material (P < 0.05), No. 2 premix material arbor acre broiler minimum (9.9 �� 2.8) unit/kg, 1, 2, No. 3 premix material often grow 1kg and increase weight remarkable benefit higher than No. 4 premix material (P < 0.05), No. 4 premix material weightening finish benefit minimum (8.1 �� 1.7) unit/kg, No. 2 premix material every benefit that increases weight every day is 21.4 �� 9.4 yuan, it is significantly higher than No. 4 premix material 10.2 �� 3.3 yuan, 1, No. 3 premix material brows increase weight benefit higher than No. 4 premix material every day, difference not notable (P > 0.05).
The fattening effect of four kinds of premix material products is compared by this research, is learnt by test data analyzer, and the fattening effect of No. 2 premix material is significantly better than No. 4 premix material (p < 0.05).Concentrated feed is the premix material mixed fodder through reasonable preparation, the upper distillers ' grains of collocation is fattened and can be reached to save cost and purpose that finished cattle is quickly delivered for sale. This experiment has strongly suggested that different formulations premix material is different to beef ox fattening effect, selects premix material to provide experimental fact foundation for numerous raisers.
This result of the test shows, it is 11.98% in concentrate CP level, comprehensive net energy is 7.64MJ/kg, and beef concentrate magnitude of recruitment is 2.8kg/d, when green hay feed intake is 5kg/d, feeding No. 2 premix material and can obtain good fattening effect, average daily gain reaches 1.6kg, and relatively No. 4 premix material improve 45.4%. No. 4 premix material average daily gains are substantially less than No. 2 premix material, and lower than other 2 process groups, it is relevant that this is likely to the addition of lysine with No. 2 material, thus also illustrating that lysine is the limiting amino acid of beef cattle growth. Beef cattle premix material has safety, economic feature, as the concentrate supplement core component of beef cattle, on the basis of supplementary various nutrient elements, can improve weightening finish. Test illustrates, rational beef cattle premix formulation is applied to short-term and fattens, and gaining effect is obvious, is worth promoting the use of aborning.
In beef ox fattening process, adding distiller grains and can not only reduce concentrate consumption, thus reducing cost, Zhang Xinghui reports, high quality white distiller grains can substitute the full-time grain of about 50% in beef ox fattening process. The beef concentrate that Yu Qunlian fattens when heat stress is more suitable with 1:1.5 with the ratio of distillers ' grains. Can also effectively utilize feed resource, reduce the wasting of resources. Though this experiment Yibin five used grain type distillers ' grains is cheap, but fattening effect is obvious, had both reduced and has fed cost, and had added again economic well-being of workers and staff.
Containing distinctive fragranced and ethanol in distillers ' grains, but it is practically free of carotene and vitamin D, calcareous also lacks, it is therefore necessary to high-quality feed mixed feeding. Rational premix formulation can reduce raising beef cattle growth on the basis of beef cattle feeding cost.
Due to it is contemplated that study Yibin five grain type feedstuff matched formula of distillers ' grains fattening beef cattle and research distiller grains cowboying science method for breeding, to reach more satisfactory fattening effect, screening and optimizing optimum formula, fully develop Yibin advantage feed resource, improve distiller grains utilization rate, reduce cowboying feed cost, carry out control and prevention of disease, improve cowboying benefit and distiller grains powder manufacturing enterprise economic benefit.
Main contents include:
1, study the five grain type distillers ' grains feedstuff matched formulatings of powder fattening beef cattle, screen ideal formulations.
According to the characteristic that roughage digestibility is made good use of by beef cattle, carry out the formula test research of five grain type distillers ' grains powder supporting premix material in feeding cattle diet, concentrate supplement, it is provided that rational feedstuff matched formula.
2, after research cattle diet adds using different premix material, beef cattle occur stress the process of situation or the new disease of other metabolism, study corresponding nutrition regulation measure.
3, in research cattle diet, a large amount of improve acid-base balance, electrolyte balances etc. in beef cattle body using distillers ' grains powder to add improve production performance, improve the supporting premix material of physiological situation, concentrate supplement.
4, the beef ox fattening science feeding and management code of main roughage is done in research with five grain type distillers ' grains.
5, technical training and the technical service of specialty are provided for steer ration enterprise (family).
The design of technical scheme also includes:
1, experimental animal and EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Employing single-factor designs, and selects age, body weight anosis Simmental Crossbred Progeny (Simmental �� local cattle) 30 close, healthy, is randomly divided into 5 groups, carries out the growth test of 8 weeks by a definite date.Test cattle feeds the concentrate supplement of premix formulation preparation 4 kinds different respectively.
2, test with five grain type distillers ' grains
Select the high-quality five fresh distillers ' grains of grain type that Yibin A Dream of Red Mansions Wine Co., Ltd produces.
3, method for breeding
Cattle feeds twice (8:00 and 17:00) every day in test, cleans drinking-water, weight feed concentrate and distillers ' grains powder, and greenfeed meets supply, and culture experiment starts the last fortnight and raises in advance, and distiller grains scale of feeding from less to more, reaches regulation hello amount for 8��10 days. Experiment starts to claim Niu Tichong on an empty stomach noon before that day, makes a record, adjusts packet. Test group feeding and management is consistent. Strengthen cultural technique training simultaneously.
4, the science record strictly according to the facts such as feed intake, physiological reaction
Accurately record feed intake, viewing test beef cattle stress situation and pathological condition every day.
5, feeding and management code
(1) six are carried out clean
A, material are clean: without sandstone, metal and plastic stool foreign body, not mouldy corruption, not by poisonous pollution by pesticides.
B, grass are clean: without earth block, without iron nail, cutting back iron wire, electric wire etc., not by poisonous pollution by pesticides.
C, circle are clean: diligent packing ring, except excrement, keep air cleaner in colony house.
D. groove is clean: every day cleans, it is prevented that forage residue ferments in groove or goes mouldy.
Health wanted by e, drinking-water, does not drink poisonous and harmful water.
F, Niu Tijing: grooming every day, often keep cattle body sanitation and hygiene, and the special autumn in ancient name for China to prevent vermin.
(2) distiller grains points for attention are used
A, distiller grains use, significantly high at summer temperature, it is easily mouldy, some cattle farms distiller grains after a while, most post-tensioning blood, have blood in stool, have loose bowels, be at this moment mycotoxicosis certainly, so fresh distiller grains must be used, mouldy distiller grains must not be used.
B, in concentrate add 0.5%-1% sodium bicarbonate.
C, trace element supplement and vitamin, experiment starts front disposable injection 15 million international units dehydroretinol 0 10 milligrams of vitamin Es of million international units Wei ShengsuD3.
(3) breeding pollution comprehensive control
Fecaluria carries out fermentation, compost method processes, and offal treatment feeding and management personnel's domestic refuse, immunization inocultation and medicine for treatment garbage, food-residue etc. should carry out harmless treatment.
(4) control and prevention of disease is carried out
A, external vehicle, personnel enter the necessary strict sterilization of colony house. Regularly carrying out band cattle sterilization in cowshed, every batch of cattle should implement after only recalling to clean and sterilization. Around cowshed, in field inner periphery and field cesspool, defecation hole, sewer and feed apparatus, feed carriage regularly to be sterilized.
B, vaccine use must be from local herding department and formulate supply centre, carry out beef cattle immunity according to immune programme for children on time.
C, disease, dead cattle process. Confirm as the sick cattle such as anthrax, Cattle plague, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, foot and mouth disease, tuberculosis, toxic dysentery, brucella or dead cattle burn, buried.
(4) technology path and application scheme
1, feeding experiment place is selected. Pingshan town, Pingshan County Gao Xin steer ration Specialty Co-operative Organization, Yibin City Cuiping District spark beef cattle Specialty Co-operative Organization, these several specially charge-coupled being made into have been stood for many years, and upper 100 of existing member raiser delivers the thousands of head of beef cattle every year for sale, has the custom feeding distiller grains. Through the enforcement of scientific research project in 2012, scientifical use distiller grains cowboying technology has obtained accreditation and the cooperation of raiser, and it is little to carry out experiment work difficulty, and raiser is prone to accept.
2, Project Technical group is set up.Being appointed group leader by the Yibin City livestock product safety senior herding teacher Feng Tang of inspection center is super, member is made up of each participant technical staff, formulates project implementation scheme, technical essential, organizes project implementation.
3, technical training is carried out. Technology group professional and technical personnel to organize the feeding and management training to raiser, keeper.
4, to all unified epidemic prevention of test Niu Jinhang, anthelmintic before test, and just starting weight (on an empty stomach) is claimed
5, test cattle just starting weight and end weight, daily feed intake, test sample number and test cattle pathological condition and Prevention technology measure are recorded faithfully as requested.
6, test group is carried out respectively daily gain, feed-weight ratio, arbor acre broiler, benefit labor.
7, the nutrition regulation measure of science feeding and management code and metabolic disease is summed up.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also making some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the cattle diet premix material made an addition in five grain type distillers ' grains, it is characterized in that, described premix material includes the lysine being respectively as follows: 0��0.8% by weight percentage, 26.977 the ball milling bran of��32.405%, the copper sulphate pentahydrate of 0.100��0.663%, the ferrous sulfate monohydrate of 0.161��0.640%, 0.232��1.030% zinc sulfate monohydrate, the manganese sulfate monohydrate of 0.193��0.583%, the content of 0.026��0.045% is the calcium iodate of 3%, the content of 0.08% is the sodium selenite of 1%, the content of 0.04% is the cobaltous chloride of 2%, the content of 1.4% is the monensin sodium of 10%, the Sal of 20%, the common phytase of 0��3%, the import yeast of 0��3%, the content of 14.554% is the calcium hydrogen phosphate of 17%, the calcium carbonate of 30%, the content of 0.02��0.04% is the vitamin A of 500,000 IU/g, the content of 0.2% be 50% vitamin E and 0.006% the vitamin D3 that content is 500,000 IU/g.
2. make an addition to the cattle diet premix material in five grain type distillers ' grains as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described premix material includes the ball milling bran being respectively as follows: 29% by weight percentage, the copper sulphate pentahydrate of 0.2%, the ferrous sulfate monohydrate of 0.623%, 0.464% zinc sulfate monohydrate, the manganese sulfate monohydrate of 0.384%, the content of 0.045% is the calcium iodate of 3%, the content of 0.08% is the sodium selenite of 1%, the content of 0.04% is the cobaltous chloride of 2%, the content of 1.4% is the monensin sodium of 10%, the Sal of 20%, the common phytase of 3%, the content of 14.554% is the calcium hydrogen phosphate of 17%, the calcium carbonate of 30%, the content of 0.04% is the vitamin A of 500,000 IU/g, the content of 0.2% be 50% vitamin E and 0.006% the vitamin D3 that content is 500,000 IU/g.
3. make an addition to the cattle diet premix material in five grain type distillers ' grains as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described premix material includes the lysine being respectively as follows: 0.8% by weight percentage, 26.977 ball milling bran, the copper sulphate pentahydrate of 0.605%, the ferrous sulfate monohydrate of 0.640%, 1.030% zinc sulfate monohydrate, the manganese sulfate monohydrate of 0.583%, the content of 0.045% is the calcium iodate of 3%, the content of 0.08% is the sodium selenite of 1%, the content of 0.04% is the cobaltous chloride of 2%, the content of 1.4% is the monensin sodium of 10%, the Sal of 20%, the import yeast of 3%, the content of 14.554% is the calcium hydrogen phosphate of 17%, the calcium carbonate of 30%, the content of 0.04% is the vitamin A of 500,000 IU/g, the content of 0.2% be 50% vitamin E and 0.006% the vitamin D3 that content is 500,000 IU/g.
4. make an addition to the cattle diet premix material in five grain type distillers ' grains as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described premix material includes the ball milling bran being respectively as follows: 32.213% by weight percentage, the copper sulphate pentahydrate of 0.1%, the ferrous sulfate monohydrate of 0.575%, 0.464% zinc sulfate monohydrate, the manganese sulfate monohydrate of 0.322%, the content of 0.026% is the calcium iodate of 3%, the content of 0.08% is the sodium selenite of 1%, the content of 0.04% is the cobaltous chloride of 2%, the content of 1.4% is the monensin sodium of 10%, the Sal of 20%, the content of 14.554% is the calcium hydrogen phosphate of 17%, the calcium carbonate of 30%, the content of 0.02% is the vitamin A of 500,000 IU/g, the content of 0.2% be 50% vitamin E and 0.006% the vitamin D3 that content is 500,000 IU/g.
5. make an addition to the cattle diet premix material in five grain type distillers ' grains as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described premix material includes the ball milling bran being respectively as follows: 32.405% by weight percentage, the copper sulphate pentahydrate of 0.663%, the ferrous sulfate monohydrate of 0.161%, 0.232% zinc sulfate monohydrate, the manganese sulfate monohydrate of 0.193%, the content of 0.026% is the calcium iodate of 3%, the content of 0.08% is the sodium selenite of 1%, the content of 0.04% is the cobaltous chloride of 2%, the content of 1.4% is the monensin sodium of 10%, the Sal of 20%, the content of 14.554% is the calcium hydrogen phosphate of 17%, the calcium carbonate of 30%, the content of 0.04% is the vitamin A of 500,000 IU/g, the content of 0.2% be 50% vitamin E and 0.006% the vitamin D3 that content is 500,000 IU/g.
6. making an addition to the cattle diet premix material in five grain type distillers ' grains as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that five described grain type distillers ' grains daily rations include five grain type distillers ' grains and concentrates, five grain type distillers ' grains and concentrate ratio are 2:1.
7. make an addition to the cattle diet premix material in five grain type distillers ' grains as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described concentrate include being respectively as follows: by weight percentage 60% Semen Maydis, 20% Testa Tritici, 2.5% cottonseed meal, 8% rapeseed cake, 2% Sal, 1.5% stone powder, 2% sodium bicarbonate, 4% premix material.
8. make an addition to the cattle diet premix material in five grain type distillers ' grains as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described five grain type distillers ' grains are employing Sorghum vulgare Pers., Semen oryzae sativae, Oryza glutinosa, Semen Maydis and five kinds of grains of Semen Tritici aestivi is the side-product obtained after raw material wine brewing.
9. the method feeding beef cattles with the five grain type distillers ' grains daily rations being added with premix material, it is characterised in that the method for described nursing beef cattle includes: select the western assorted cattle 40 that health that age, body weight are close for 364.6 �� 35.9kg is anosis, be randomly divided into 4 groups; First to test cattle stomach invigorating antihelminthic chemotherapy, trial test 5 days by a definite date before test, just having a try and testing 27 days by a definite date; Adopting neck posture to feed, feed five grain type distillers ' grains daily rations described in 2 claim 7 every day, drink water 2 times, the feeding and management of each group is consistent, and concentrate provides according to beef cattle weight 1% weight every day; Each process residue concentrate and five grain type distillers ' grains carry out weighing and record before raising the 2nd day morning, and temperature 15��20 DEG C in cowshed, humidity is maintained at 60%��65%.
10. the as claimed in claim 9 method feeding beef cattles with the five grain type distillers ' grains daily rations being added with premix material, it is characterised in that during when feeding time outer morning 8 respectively of 2 times described every day and afternoon 17.
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| CN109497303A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-22 | 西南大学 | A kind of feed and preparation method for Xinjiang rivers production top grade beef |
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| CN112841424A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-05-28 | 河北环境工程学院 | Feed additive for quickly gaining weight of beef cattle in growing and fattening period |
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