CN105638372A - Novel grape bagging method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel grape bagging method comprising the following steps: properly selecting bags; pre-bagging preparation management; bagging at proper time; post-bagging management; removing bags; post management. By using the novel bagging method, the average grape mu yield can be increased by about 300 kg, and the grapes are good in taste and high in quality.

Description

A kind of Novel grape bagging method

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural production, it is specifically related to a kind of Novel grape bagging method.

Background technology

Grape bagging is the important technique measure producing green fruit, can reduce the sick worm harm of fruit growth period, reduce and burn and bird pest day, alleviate the pollution of agricultural chemicals and dust, it is to increase fruit face smooth finish; Improving the microenvironment of fruit growth, make fruit color even, bright in luster, pericarp is fine and smooth, it is to increase the storage tolerance of grape. According to our bagging in 2,006 2009, bagged grape contrasts with not overlapping, the grape fruit such as " huge peak ", " vow Fu Luosha ", " seedless morning is red ", " red carry ", " Ke Ruisen ", the not per kilogram average sales price of bagging about 34 yuan, the per kilogram of bagging 8 10 yuan is 2 times of not bagging. From consumer angle, along with growth in the living standard, quality of life also in raising, people's predilection those without pesticidal contamination, the cover bagged grape that beautiful in colour, local flavor is good, though the expensive point of price, but eat relieved. Retailer is also good gradually overlaps bagged grape, and good sale, profit is also higher.

Summary of the invention

The invention belongs to agricultural production, mainly contain 5 aspect contents:

One, selecting properly paper bag

In production, many orchard workers select the fruit bag that common marble paper, newspaper etc. make to cut down expenses, and this kind of fruit bag hydrophobicity is poor, tension power is poor, breakage rate height; Due to paper do not sterilize, fungi-proofing process, easily form dominant bacteria, worm kind in bag, thus increase the weight of the generation of fruit disease; Improving not obvious with the fruit exterior quality of these paper bags, what have also can pollute, and affects visual appearance. The impact selecting fruit bag fruit appearance, interior quality should be formed according to microenvironment, have that anti-wind and rain ability is strong, permeability good according to Fruit variety, transparence height, hydrophobic deg height, the feature such as fungi-proofing paper bag. Such as green, candida species it is emphasised that fungi-proofing and fruit face is bright and clean, the requirement of chromatogram is so not strict; And the selection of fruit bag transparence, chromatogram is just had certain requirement by painted kind. In addition, fruit bag to be selected according to the fringe shape of kind and size.

Two, the management work before bagging is carried out

1, because of ground fertilising

Based on quick-acting nitrogen before rudiment, general mu executes 30 kilograms, urea; Topdressing before spending and be equipped with suitable phosphate fertilizer, mu executes diammonium phosphate 30 kilograms; 10 Tian Shi 45% composite fertilizers after spending, strain executes 0.25 kilogram. Except some conventional fertilizer applications, bagging plant also must enrich calcareous fertilisers, applies except calcareous fertilisers except when bulk application, thank spend after to bagging, even to be sprayed three or four ammonia calcium and amino acid calcium 800 1000 times of liquid.

2, pour water in good time

Before bagging, orchard must be watered once permeable, after ground is dry, bagging can be started, can obviously reduce and after even avoiding bagging, occur day to burn. Slight irrigation is preferably implemented in orchard with good conditionsi, can not only alleviate the contradiction of water scarcity, and can evenly supply water, and keeps the satisfactory texture of soil.

3, sterilization before bagging

To be sprayed a sterilant according to local disease situation and medication experience before bagging, extraordinarily 40% surely destroy bacterium 800 times of liquid to the conscientious careful spray of full tree thoroughly with 70% thiophanate methyl 800, after liquid is dry, get final product bagging. If occurring rainfall during bagging, should fill spray a sterilant after the rain. Note selecting water-soluble antiseptic agent, do not select emulsion, otherwise spot is easily left in fruit face.

4, output is controlled

Kinds such as " the red earth ", " Rose bella Reid ", " ruby is seedless " that enter high yield period, should control at 1,000 1500 kgs/acre in central plain area's output. " huge peak " is serial, American-European hybrid yield can be slightly higher, but is generally no more than 1800 kgs/acre.

5, whole fringe, fruit thinning

For improving grape quality, stable tree gesture, Reasonable adjustment charge capacity, makes fruit ear profile neat appearance. To be required to select and remain fruit ear according to tree gesture, kind, level of management and fringe type size and output. Dredging before spending and remove too much fruit ear, thin and delicate branch does not stay fruit, and the fruitful branch of the growth potential golden mean of the Confucian school or stronger stays a fringe. Stay fruit ear total amount to stay 10 15% than expected volume more. To the fruit ear stayed will before spending whole fringe, ensure that fringe shape is neat, rationally, profile is attractive in appearance in distribution. Each fruit ear by order from top to bottom every two branches dredge remove a branch, one fringe fruit stay 10 15 branches. Before bagging, to be carried out fruit ear arrangement, dredge the granule gone on fruit ear, sick grain, deformity grain and inside fruit grain etc. outwardly. The fruit ear that the rational strong tree of tree management is tied should be selected, after the whole fringe of fruit thinning can bagging, be conducive to like this producing high quality fruit.

Three, in good time bagging

Bagging time also directly has influence on the effect of bagging sooner or later, has overlapped early and has been unfavorable for fruit thinning, and cover is late, and disease infects fruit ear. Central plain area's bagging Best Times is after fallen flowers about 10 15 days, or fruit grain grow to soybean grain big time start bagging. If bagging is excessively late, after mid-June, fruit ear easily infects germ, particularly white rot, anthrax, sour rot, gray mold etc. Unexpected fine day after a run of wet weather, does not want bagging immediately, increases the weight of because day can be made to burn. Will through a couple of days, fruit adapts to after hot environment bagging more a little. Bagging time preferably when the morning 10 before or when afternoon 4 after, can alleviate and burn day. If dipping in sterilant or fruit elongation agent, the same day, the fruit ear of dipped medicine overlapped the same day. Central plain area should June 10 protheca complete.

Correct bagging method supports opened mouth with the right hand, and making fruit, bag is whole heaves, and holds the bottom of bag with left hand, the ventilation water port of bag two bottom sides is opened, and bag swells, by bag pull-up from bottom to top, carpopodium is placed on the incision above bag, makes fruit ear be positioned at the central authorities of bag. Then bag mouth iron wire is tied up tightly, avoid rainwater to flow into. Note not grabbing fruit ear, particle with hand, make fruit ear naturally occupy bag central authorities, after bagging gently fruit bag is placed on blade under, with blade hide, in case day burn.

If it is further noted that fruit bagging does not have blade to shade, a cover paper large bamboo hat with a conical crown and broad brim to be added again on the west of grapevine or fruit ear in the south, burn to alleviate day. Running into hot weather (higher than 38 DEG C) after bagging, the end mouth that should open bag ventilates, to reduce temperature in bag. Cover bag operation preferably completed in 7 10 days.

Four, management after bagging

1, do the summer well to cut

Growing season ties up climing, pinching in time. Improve ventilation and penetrating light condition, prevent big wind from breaking the new tip.Staying 10 leaves to take the lead more than the inflorescence of each fruitful branch, entirely erasing below the secondary tip fruit ear on fruitful branch, more than fruit ear the secondary tip stays a two panels leaf pinching repeatedly, and fruitful branch top stays a secondary tip to extend growth, stays the pinching repeatedly of five leaves. Growing branch and generally stay 10 leaf pinching, the secondary tip on it stays a two panels leaf pinching. Growing branch top stays a secondary tip to extend growth five leaves pinching repeatedly.

2, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control

After bagging, the disease and pest of the new tip of keypoint control and blade, pays special attention to prevent and treat anthrachose of grape, oidium, white rot, anthrax.

Extraordinarily 40% bacterium 700 extraordinarily 0.5 potassium primary phosphate spraying is surely destroyed, the generation of pre-preventing disease and pest by 80% indispensability 400 in 35 days after bagging. Running check fruit bag with or without breakage or comes off, and should change if having in time or again tighten.

Preventing and treating oidium and to be sprayed medicine protection in advance, can select 1:0.5:200 times or 1:1:200 times of Bordeaux mixture, every spray in 10 days once, Growing season sprays 35 times. If when finding that oidium endangers, 90% phosethyl Al wettable powder, 500 times of liquid can be selected to spray once, then with the 600 times of liquid sprayings of 25% metalaxyl. Notice that same medicine can be used in conjunction twice, preferably not more than more than three times, otherwise can develop immunity to drugs. 7 September were the morbidity Sheng phase, were watered 15 kilograms of sprayings, visible white thalline blackening after 3 hours, scab healing after 8 hours with 50% alkene phthalein beautiful jade wettable powder (trade name Cork, strange gloomy frost prestige) 1 bag.

Grape is close to time ripe, and because there being sweet taste can cause worm, particularly wasp, chafer etc. endanger the insect of grape fruit. Prevention and controls: extension wide-necked bottle or discarded bucket powder charge liquid trapping adult on grape trellis, the liquid generally mixed with a small amount of Trichlorphon with brown sugar, honey, water (ratio is 1:1:5) does lure. Wide-spectrum bactericide can be used when worm is many, area is big.

Five, except bag and manage thereafter

Cyan grape can not be removed bag. Redness, atropurpureus, black kind to be removed bag in 10 15 days before gathering. Paper bag quality is good, transparence is strong, berry painted good fruit ear in bag, when gathering except bag. For preventing bird, worm harm and atmospheric pollution, by the fruit disposable excision of bag, first bottom can not be opened, props up, in umbrella shape. In time gathering, more all remove, or band bag is sold.

Mainly allow berry painted except after bag before gathering. Except after bag, the Lao Ye around fruit ear, sick leaf, residual leaf are extractd, wipe out unnecessary branch and the secondary tip, extract the blade within 20 centimetres, fruit ear periphery, have shadow like sieve eye to be as the criterion with bottom, frame face, drink and stay a part, fruit ear is shaded, prevent fruit grain day from burning. Turn fringe in time simultaneously, ensure illumination, fruit ear is painted fast.

It is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment

Embodiment 1:

Feidong, Anhui agriculture park, in 500 mu of vineyaries. Supportting opened mouth when bagging with the right hand, making fruit, bag is whole heaves, and holds the bottom of bag with left hand, the ventilation water port of bag two bottom sides is opened, and bag swells, and by bag pull-up from bottom to top, carpopodium is placed on the incision above bag, makes fruit ear be positioned at the central authorities of bag. Then bag mouth iron wire is tied up tightly, avoid rainwater to flow into. Note not grabbing fruit ear, particle with hand, make fruit ear naturally occupy bag central authorities, after bagging gently fruit bag is placed on blade under, hide with blade; Extraordinarily 40% bacterium 700 extraordinarily 0.5 potassium primary phosphate spraying is surely destroyed by 80% indispensability 400 in 35 days after bagging;Within 10 15 days before gathering, remove bag. Grape volume increase per mu 300 kilograms.

Claims (3)

1. a Novel grape bagging method, in its feature request production process must selecting properly paper bag, carry out bagging before management work, in good time bagging, bagging after management, except bag and manage thereafter.

2. a kind of Novel grape bagging method according to claim 1, the correct bagging method of its feature request supports opened mouth with the right hand, making fruit, bag is whole heaves, the bottom of bag is held with left hand, the ventilation water port of bag two bottom sides is opened, and bag swells, by bag pull-up from bottom to top, carpopodium is placed on the incision above bag, makes fruit ear be positioned at the central authorities of bag; Then bag mouth iron wire is tied up tightly, avoid rainwater to flow into.

3. a kind of Novel grape bagging method according to claim 2, after its feature request bagging in 35 days with 80% indispensability 400 extraordinarily 40% surely destroy bacterium 700 extraordinarily 0.5 potassium primary phosphate spray, the generation of pre-preventing disease and pest; Running check fruit bag with or without breakage or comes off, and should change if having in time or again tighten; Preventing and treating oidium and to be sprayed medicine protection in advance, can select 1:0.5:200 times or 1:1:200 times of Bordeaux mixture, every spray in 10 days once, Growing season sprays 35 times; If when finding that oidium endangers, 90% phosethyl Al wettable powder, 500 times of liquid can be selected to spray once, then with the 600 times of liquid sprayings of 25% metalaxyl; Notice that same medicine can be used in conjunction twice, preferably not more than more than three times, otherwise can develop immunity to drugs.