CN105637256B - 直线致动器 - Google Patents

直线致动器 Download PDF

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CN105637256B
CN105637256B CN201480056294.8A CN201480056294A CN105637256B CN 105637256 B CN105637256 B CN 105637256B CN 201480056294 A CN201480056294 A CN 201480056294A CN 105637256 B CN105637256 B CN 105637256B
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linear
motion actuator
guide structure
curved guide
actuator according
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CN105637256A (zh
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C·魏斯
C·米卡拉耶克
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Vitesco Technologies GmbH
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Continental Automotive GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/52—Systems for actuating EGR valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H19/00—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion
    • F16H19/001—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for conveying reciprocating or limited rotary motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/12—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/12—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types
    • F16H37/124—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H53/00—Cams ; Non-rotary cams; or cam-followers, e.g. rollers for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H53/06—Cam-followers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F16K31/047—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
    • F16K31/52—Mechanical actuating means with crank, eccentric, or cam
    • F16K31/524—Mechanical actuating means with crank, eccentric, or cam with a cam
    • F16K31/52408—Mechanical actuating means with crank, eccentric, or cam with a cam comprising a lift valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/52—Systems for actuating EGR valves
    • F02M26/53—Systems for actuating EGR valves using electric actuators, e.g. solenoids
    • F02M26/54—Rotary actuators, e.g. step motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/65—Constructional details of EGR valves
    • F02M26/66—Lift valves, e.g. poppet valves
    • F02M26/67—Pintles; Spindles; Springs; Bearings; Sealings; Connections to actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H19/00—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion
    • F16H19/001—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for conveying reciprocating or limited rotary motion
    • F16H2019/008—Facilitating the engagement or stopping of gear sections

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Mechanically-Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于驱动机动车的内燃机的控制元件(4)的直线致动器(8)，该直线致动器具有两个探测体(19，20)，用于探测弯曲导向结构(16)的彼此对置的侧面。弯曲导向结构(16)具有凸出的肋部(17),两个探测体(19，20)被朝向该肋部预加载。由此直线致动器(8)具有高的稳定性并且实现了无间隙地探测弯曲导向结构(16)。

Description

直线致动器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于驱动尤其是用于机动车的内燃机的控制元件的直线致动器/线性致动器，该直线致动器具有能够转动的驱动轴和轴向移动的用于调节该控制元件的挺杆，还具有被驱动轴驱动的弯曲导向结构/导向凸轮和探测/扫描该弯曲导向结构的导向元件。
背景技术
这种直线致动器从实际中已知例如用于在当今的机动车的内燃机中的排气再循环阀。在这种直线致动器中，导向元件具有滑块或球形支承件并且伸入设计为导向槽的弯曲导向结构中。在导向元件和弯曲导向结构之间不可避免地存在间隙。然而这种间隙尤其在用于驱动机动车的内燃机上的控制元件时通常是不需要的。
可以想象的是，通过限制公差可以尽可能地减小该控制元件和弯曲导向结构之间的间隙。但是在机动车的内燃机中，尤其是温度变化和运行动力限制了减小公差的可能性。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是，如此设计一种开头所述类型的直线致动器，该直线致动器实现了尤其无间隙地驱动挺杆，并且可靠地承受住机动车的内燃机的运行动力。
上述问题根据本发明如此解决：导向元件具有两个探测体，这两个探测体被朝向弯曲导向结构的彼此对置的侧面预加载。
通过这种设计方案，内燃机的运行动力沿挺杆的两个驱动方向被对应的探测体承受。因为探测体中的至少一个被预加载，则可以无间隙地探测弯曲导向结构。这种情况导致无间隙地驱动挺杆。由此可以尤其精确地调节控制元件。此外这种预加载实现了对内燃机的运行动力的可靠的阻尼。直线致动器因此具有尤其高的机械强度和当负荷变化时的稳固性。
根据本发明的一个有利的改进方案，如果导向元件具有用于将探测体彼此靠近地或彼此远离地预加载的弹性元件，则可以将用于预加载探测体的结构方面的花费保持在尤其低的程度。
弯曲导向结构可以例如设计为槽，并且探测体被朝向该槽的壁部预加载。然而这要求尤其宽的槽或非常小的探测体。但是在用于内燃机的部件的控制元件中结构空间非常有限。在受到内燃机的载荷时，探测体需要足够的稳定性和进而需要相应的尺寸。如果弯曲导向结构具有凸出的肋部并且探测体贴靠在该肋部的彼此对置的侧面上，那么这种尤其为机动车的内燃机设置的直线致动器在有限的结构空间中具有尤其高的稳定性。
根据本发明的另一个有利的改进方案，如果两个探测体在弯曲导向结构上的接触点布置为与挺杆的轴线对准，则可以将直线致动器中侧面的载荷和倾覆力矩保持在尤其小的程度。
探测体可以例如设计为滑块。然而这种滑块需要持续的润滑并且通常对于温度变化和机械的冲击负荷敏感。当探测体分别具有滚动支承件时，则尤其是为机动车的内燃机设置的直线致动器具有持久的稳定性。通过这种设计，该滚动支承件可以在弯曲导向结构上滚动。
根据本发明的另一个有利的改进方案，如果弯曲导向结构布置在盘上，该盘在圆的一部分上延伸，该盘在其周缘上具有部分齿环，被驱动轴驱动的小齿轮与该部分齿环啮合，则可以简单地调节直线致动器的规定的传动比。此外，该直线致动器由此具有尤其小的尺寸。
根据本发明的另一个有利的改进方案，如果固定的止挡件伸入盘的运动区域中，则可以简单地实现强的机械冲击强度。这也进一步提高了直线致动器的稳定性。
根据本发明的另一个有利的改进方案，如果与挺杆连接的阀体具有第二止挡件，则对于用于限制挺杆运动的结构方面的花费是有利的。
根据本发明的另一个有利的改进方案，如果弹性元件设计为使两个探测体彼此连接的弓形的弹性板，则在结构方面尤其简单地实现了直线致动器。这种设计也减少了直线致动器的部件的数量。
附图说明
本发明包括很多实施方式。为了进一步说明本发明的基本原理，这些实施方式之一在附图中示出并在下面描述。在下列附图中示出该实施方式
图1中示意性示出具有控制元件的相邻部件的直线致动器，
图2中示出来自图1的直线致动器的放大的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出机动车的具有排气通道2和再循环通道3的排气再循环阀1。该排气再循环阀1具有控制元件4，该控制元件具有阀体5和阀座6。被电机7驱动的直线致动器8的作用是驱动控制元件4。该直线致动器8具有固定的止挡件9和第二、软性的止挡件10。该第二止挡件10由阀座6形成，阀体5贴靠在该阀座上。直线致动器8具有用于驱动阀体5的挺杆11。
图2透视性地和放大地示出来自图1的直线致动器8。在此可以看到，电机7驱动具有小齿轮13的驱动轴12。该直线致动器8具有在圆的一部分上延伸的盘14，该盘具有布置在周缘上的部分齿环15。小齿轮13通过该部分齿环15驱动盘14。在盘14上布置具有肋部17的弯曲导向结构16。用于探测该弯曲导向结构16的导向元件18具有两个彼此对置的探测体19，20。探测体19，20分别具有设计为球形支承件的滚动支承件21，22，并且通过弹性元件23彼此连接。该弹性元件23设计为弓形并且由弹簧钢制成。此外该弹性元件23还与挺杆11连接。
通过盘的转动借助于电机的驱动，探测体的滚动支承件在弯曲导向结构的肋部上滚动。在此，导向元件对应于弯曲导向结构的形状向着盘的旋转中心靠近或远离盘的旋转中心运动。这种运动通过挺杆传递到阀体上，该阀体最终打开或关闭排气再循环阀。如图1和图2所示，挺杆11的轴线与两个探测体19，20在肋部17上的接触点对准。此外，挺杆11的轴线与盘14的转轴对准。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于驱动控制元件(4)的直线致动器(8)，该直线致动器具有能够转动的驱动轴(12)和能够轴向移动的用于调节控制元件(4)的挺杆(11)，该直线致动器具有被驱动轴(12)驱动的弯曲导向结构(16)和探测弯曲导向结构(16)的导向元件(18)，其特征在于，导向元件(18)具有两个探测体(19，20)，所述两个探测体(19，20)被朝向弯曲导向结构(16)的彼此对置的侧面预加载，所述弯曲导向结构布置在齿轮传动机构的扇形齿轮上，两个探测体(19，20)在弯曲导向结构(16)上的接触点布置为与挺杆(11)的轴线对准，弹性元件(23)设计为使两个探测体(19，20)彼此连接的弓形的弹性板，所述弹性元件连接至所述挺杆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的直线致动器，其特征在于，导向元件(18)具有用于将探测体(19，20)彼此靠近地或彼此远离地预加载的所述弹性元件(23)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的直线致动器，其特征在于，弯曲导向结构(16)具有凸出的肋部(17)，探测体(19，20)贴靠在肋部(17)的彼此对置的侧面上。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的直线致动器，其特征在于，探测体(19，20)分别具有滚动支承件(21，22)。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的直线致动器，其特征在于，弯曲导向结构(16)布置在盘(14)上，该盘在圆的一部分上延伸，该盘(14)在其周缘上具有部分齿环(15)，被驱动轴(12)驱动的小齿轮(13)与该部分齿环(15)啮合。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的直线致动器，其特征在于，固定的止挡件(9)伸入盘(14)的运动区域中。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的直线致动器，其特征在于，与挺杆(11)连接的阀体(5)具有第二止挡件(10)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的直线致动器，其特征在于，所述控制元件用于机动车的内燃机。
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WO2015055548A1 (de) 2015-04-23
US20160258391A1 (en) 2016-09-08
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EP3094885A1 (de) 2016-11-23
US10054084B2 (en) 2018-08-21

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