CN105636764B - 用于液密密封两个部分重叠的包装部件的装置和方法 - Google Patents

用于液密密封两个部分重叠的包装部件的装置和方法 Download PDF

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CN105636764B
CN105636764B CN201480055969.7A CN201480055969A CN105636764B CN 105636764 B CN105636764 B CN 105636764B CN 201480055969 A CN201480055969 A CN 201480055969A CN 105636764 B CN105636764 B CN 105636764B
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expansion
mould
expansion element
package member
leaf spring
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CN105636764A (zh
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马丁·鲁格
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SIG Combibloc Services AG
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SIG Technology AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81463—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/44—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles
    • B29C33/48—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles with means for collapsing or disassembling
    • B29C33/485—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles with means for collapsing or disassembling cores or mandrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B29C66/2424—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain
    • B29C66/24243—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a quadrilateral
    • B29C66/24244—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a quadrilateral forming a rectangle
    • B29C66/24245—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a quadrilateral forming a rectangle forming a square
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/542—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining hollow covers or hollow bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61—Joining from or joining on the inside
    • B29C66/612—Making circumferential joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/63—Internally supporting the article during joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328—Paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8161—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8227—Transmission mechanisms using springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8244—Actuating mechanisms magnetically driven
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
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    • B29C66/8324—Joining or pressing tools pivoting around one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29C66/72341—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer for gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
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  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于液密密封两个部分重叠的包装部件的装置和方法，其中，一个包装部件为管状主体，并且另一包装部件形成包装头部或包装底部，所述装置具有至少一个心轴和模具，其中，心轴具有至少两个膨胀元件，至少两个膨胀元件从其工作位置被朝向彼此地移动到空闲位置中以减小横截面，以便管状主体可容易地滑动，其中，膨胀元件具有密封颚，密封颚在其工作位置中形成闭合外围的外轮廓，外轮廓对应于由模具中的开孔所形成的内轮廓，其中，在内轮廓与外轮廓之间，留下狭窄的环形间隙，环形间隙用于从内侧向包装部件的重叠区域施加压紧力，并且其中，膨胀元件的每一者可枢转地布置在公共的基部元件上。

Description

用于液密密封两个部分重叠的包装部件的装置和方法
技术领域
本发明首先涉及一种用于液密密封两个部分重叠的包装部件的装置，所述包装部件中的一者为管状基部构件，所述管状基部构件尤其由复合的纸板/塑料材料的毛坯形成，并且另一包装部件形成上包装部或包装基部，所述装置具有至少一个心轴和一个模具，所述心轴具有至少两个膨胀元件，所述膨胀元件从其工作位置被朝向彼此地移动到静止位置中以减少横截面，以便允许所述管状基部构件容易地滑动，所述膨胀元件具有密封颚，所述密封颚在其工作位置中形成对应于由模具中的开孔形成的内轮廓的闭合的周向外轮廓，在内轮廓和外轮廓之间留下狭窄的环形间隙，以便将压紧力从内侧施加到包装部件的重叠区域，并且膨胀元件的每一者可枢转地布置在公共基部元件上，并且本发明还涉及相应的用于密封的方法。
背景技术
用于食品(特别是液体)的复合的纸板/塑料材料的容器以极其广的多种形状和款式可长期在市场上商购到。除了在每种情况下的纸板承载层以及内塑料材料层和外塑料材料层，复合结构还可以具有其它层，例如由铝制成的氧气阻挡层。关于它们的制造，需要首先在由单一毛坯制成的容器和那些在所谓的“管成形机”上由卷料制成的容器之间进行区分。
为了由单一毛坯制造容器，已经有凹槽的并被印刷的毛坯通过利用所谓的纵向接缝而密封两个相对的边缘来形成所谓的包装盖、管状基部构件，然后，管状基部构件首先在分配器处被闭合以形成一侧敞开的容器，然后成形并随后杀菌、填充并最后通过封闭另一侧而成为完整的包装。
大多数可商购到的包装本身在其端部处通过折叠并密封管状基部构件而制成。对于特定的包装形状，端部还可以由预制的成型构件而形成为另一包装部件，该预制的成型构件反过来可以单独地由塑料材料或者纤维材料(浆料)预制成。因此，特别是关于成型的开孔元件或倾倒元件的尺寸和布置，可以制造任何几何结构。
这种容器从德国专利申请DE 10 2010 014 993 A1中已知。在该情况下，形成容器的上部的成型构件被形成为大到其周长基本上对应于管状基部构件的周长。然而，这并不绝对必须是这种情况并且还已知这种容器，其中管状基部构件的横截面首先变窄，以便管状基部构件之后在其锥形的端部处与上部连接(DE 10 2010 050 502 A1或DE 39 42 319A1)。
而且，密封装置还描述在来自相同的申请人的较早的德国专利申请10 2013 107429.4中，该申请的公开的内容指代关于用于该申请的心轴的基本结构。该心轴没有用于可枢转地固定膨胀元件的片簧元件。
发明内容
从这一点出发，本发明的目的是配置并改进在引言中提到的用于密封的装置及相应的方法，使得膨胀元件的运动学特性和同步性得以优化。而且，需要简单、低磨损而且可靠且易于清洁的结构，通过该结构，还可以制造无菌填充的包装。当操作配备有这种装置的包装机时，尽管高的输出速度，但是在制造期间均匀的压紧力意在被提供在连接部件的整个圆周上。
在根据本发明的装置中，该目的得以实现，这是由于每个膨胀元件被固定到至少一个抗扭转的片簧元件，其使得各个膨胀元件在静止位置和工作位置之间精确枢转。以这样的方式，例如，在基本正方形横截面的情况下，可以确定精确的方向矢量，所述精确的方向矢量以45°指向“拐角”中并且因此还允许在该位置处牢固密封。由于精确的方向导向，因而滑动经过彼此的表面的磨损还可以最小化。
根据本发明，通过片簧元件，膨胀元件的运动学特性被显著地改善。而且，密封元件以及导向元件的磨损(在材料内侧处的弹性变形)可以被显著地降低。由于片簧元件是具有光滑表面的平坦的、单独的部件，故清洁心轴的容易度得以显著地提高。特别是，由于膨胀元件的精确导向，均匀的压紧力被施加在连接部件的整个圆周上，因此以这种方式实现了对制成的包装的最佳密封。
关于根据本发明的方法，通过执行以下步骤实现了该目的：
-供应展开的管状基部构件；
-将基部构件推动到具有膨胀元件的心轴上；
-供应具有开孔的模具；
-将另一包装部件供应到该心轴；
-引入连接热；
-通过展开膨胀元件以在密封颚的接触区域中形成连续的外轮廓，将基部构件和另一包装部件压抵该模具；
-将基部构件与另一包装部件连接；
-折叠膨胀元件；
-移除模具；以及
-移除包括基部构件和另一包装部件的单元。
根据本发明的教导的另一方面，片簧元件以基本上竖直的方式布置，并且因此平行于膨胀元件的延伸方向而延伸。另外的片簧元件还可以水平地布置。这些另外的片簧元件优选地布置在两个相对的膨胀元件之间。该布置可靠地防止了膨胀元件的偏转、旋转或倾斜以及所导致的任何扭转。
优选地，竖直布置的片簧元件被固定在膨胀元件的下部中，并且片簧元件本身例如被固定至布置在心轴轮上的基部上。在根据本发明的装置中，具有可折叠的心轴的多个基部元件优选地固定至心轴轮。它们首先被布置成分布在心轴轮的圆周上，并且利用合适宽度的心轴轮，圆周布置的多排平行延伸的心轴也可以彼此靠近地设置。以这样的方式，通过相对小的结构尺寸可以在制造或填充包装中实现庞大的产出。
在优选的前面所提到的结构中，由于膨胀元件仅仅在其下面区域中彼此连接，故根据本发明的教导的另一方面，当另外的片簧元件被固定在膨胀元件的上部中并且利用其下自由端固定至公共的定心元件时是特别有利的。当膨胀元件被展开和折叠时，该定心元件主要用来使运动同步。优选地，定心元件仅仅通过另一片簧元件而被保持并且不以任何其它方式被保持或导向，从而当膨胀元件被展开或折叠时，定心元件可以在竖直方向上自由地移动。
可替选的实施方式设想了：片簧元件在膨胀元件的整个长度上延伸远到密封颚。
本发明的有利的改进设想了：至少在膨胀元件的密封颚的区域中，将膨胀元件设计为衔铁。此外，如果模具之后具有一个或多个围绕其开孔的磁性线圈，则可以产生特别简练并且小的驱动解决方案。优选地，衔铁的轴向高度对应于一个或多个磁性线圈的高度。在膨胀元件上的磁力可以通过熟练地选择衔铁的固有质量以及其几何结构和位置而改变。
本发明的另一实施方式设想了：所述模具以一体成型的方式形成在其开孔的圆周上。以这样的方式，模具中的开孔可以容纳心轴，并且无需另外的能够在实际的密封过程中吸收反作用力的驱动器或支撑元件。
根据本发明的教导的另一方面，该模具还可以具有用于引入连接热的元件。在通过超声波焊接而连接的情况下，用于连接的这些元件可以包括在模具内的至少一个超声波发生器，在该情况下密封颚充当砧座。可替选地，如果连接热的引入意在通过应用热空气而进行，那么热空气开孔也可以设置在模具内和/或密封颚内作为用于引入连接热的元件。
在本发明的另一实施方式中，通过形成保持所述另一包装部件的所述模具的所述开孔，供应所述另一包装部件与所述供应所述模具同时进行。在这种情况下，然后，还有利地同时进行模具的移除和包括基部构件和另一包装元件的单元的拉出，由此可以显著减少必要的处理步骤的数目。
根据本发明，在精确的确定的方向上执行对膨胀元件的展开和折叠。以这样的方式，在连接操作期间(尤其是在“拐角区域”中)可以实现足够的压紧力的最佳施加。
根据本发明的教导的另一方面，连接本身然后可以利用前面所描述的压紧操作来通过超声波或通过热空气执行。
在根据本发明的方法中，以下是可以的：有磁力地执行膨胀元件的展开，并且通过弹性力执行折叠，或可替选地还可以通过弹性力执行膨胀元件的展开并且有磁力地执行折叠。根据本发明的另一实施方式，有以下第三种可能性：通过磁极性的颠倒来进行折叠动作的反向。不同的驱动情况的确定取决于不同的因素，例如，力的分布、能量使用、结构尺寸、尤其是较小的包装款式等。
附图说明
以下，参考示出优选实施方式的附图，在下文中更详尽地阐述了本发明。在附图中：
图1为根据本发明的装置的对角切开的模具中的心轴的透视图，其中膨胀元件处于静止位置，
图2为来自图1的模具中的心轴的透视图，其中膨胀元件处于工作位置，
图3为来自图1的模具中的心轴的俯视图，
图4示出了图2的主题，其中前膨胀元件被省略，
图5为沿着图3的线V-V的竖直截面，以及
图6为根据本发明密封的容器的竖直截面。
具体实施方式
首先，图1基本上示出了根据本发明的用于液密密封管状基部构件11与另一包装部件12(在图6中显示为上包装部)的装置的心轴D。在这点上，在示出且优选的实施方式中，心轴D具有四个膨胀元件1A、1B、1C和1D，四个膨胀元件1A、1B、1C和1D在它们的下端部可枢转地连接至基部元件5。在这种情况下，基部元件5被布置成利用另外的周向布置的基部元件固定在心轴轮(未图示)上。
在这种情况下，四个膨胀元件1A、1B、1C和1D到基部元件的连接首先优选地通过竖直布置的无扭转的片簧元件4A、4B、4C和4D来执行，片簧元件4A、4B、4C和4D能够使得相应的膨胀元件1A、1B、1C和1D在静止位置和工作位置之间精确枢转。这些膨胀元件在模具M的开孔8的“拐角”的方向上精确地移动，以便从它们的静止位置移动到它们的图2中所示的工作位置中，所述模具M围绕心轴D布置。此处，可以清楚地看到，“展开”的膨胀元件1A、1B、1C和1D形成了闭合周向的外轮廓AK，该外轮廓AK基本上对应于模具M中的开孔8的内轮廓IK，从而仅仅留下狭窄的环形间隙。优选地，在模具M的开孔8的下侧，模具M设置有斜面(未更详细地描述)，以便形成向上成锥形的引入部(introduction portion)。四个膨胀元件1A、1B、1C和1D的自由端部设计为密封颚2A、2B、2C和2D。在密封颚2A、2B、2C和2D的下面，形成了衔铁3A、3B、3C和3D。
衔铁3A、3B、3C和3D可以被激励，以便通过磁性线圈9使心轴D膨胀，磁性线圈9优选适配在模具M的里面或者靠近于模具M。在该种情况下，衔铁3A、3B、3C和3D的结构高度基本上对应于布置在模具M中的磁性线圈9的高度。这不仅大大地减小了膨胀元件1A、1B、1C和1D的结构尺寸，并且还使磨损最小化并且使维护复杂性最低，这是因为可以完全省略掉机械驱动元件。
参考图3可以最好地解释四个膨胀元件1A、1B、1C和1D的精确的相互作用。在这种情况下，在根据图1图示的俯视图中可以清楚地看到，两个外膨胀元件1A和外膨胀元件1B可以在箭头的方向上从所图示的静止位置枢转到工作位置(如图2中所示)。相同的情况适用于两个内膨胀元件1C和内膨胀元件1D。在这种情况下，运动的方向基本上由竖直的片簧元件4A、4B、4C和4D来确定，这引起了在箭头的方向上的非常精确的线性可运动性，并且防止膨胀元件的偏转、旋转或倾斜以及所导致的任何扭转。
为了能够实现展开运动和折叠运动，两个内密封颚2C和内密封颚2D的每一者具有两个舌片6，两个舌片6可以容纳在两个外密封颚2A和2B的对应的凹槽7中(见图2)。在这种情况下，各个邻近的密封颚的表面移动经过彼此而无任何摩擦。以这样的方式，当心轴D膨胀时所需要的能量消耗可被最小化。由于表面的倾斜边缘，如从图2可以清楚地看到，在那儿还产生了已经提到的、密封颚2A、2B、2C和2D的密封区域的闭合周向的外轮廓AK。
尤其在图4和图5中可以清楚看到根据本发明的装置的精确的结构，图4对应于来自图2的图示，但是为了更清楚起见，省略了对前膨胀元件的图示。
可以清楚地看到，为了进一步提高在膨胀元件的下部区域中的导向精度，另外的片簧元件4'水平地布置在两个相对的膨胀元件之间，在该图示中，仅仅片簧元件4'能够在两个膨胀元件1A和膨胀元件1B之间看到。
关于该点，在图示且优选的实施方式中，实现了甚至更高的导向精度的提高，这是由于膨胀元件在其上部区域中具有另外的片簧元件4”，另外的片簧元件4”在其上端处被固定至膨胀元件1A、1B、1C和1D并且其下自由端固定至定心元件10，该定心元件10布置在膨胀元件里面。在示出的实施方式中，仅仅通过另外的片簧元件4”保持该定心元件10。由于这些另外的片簧元件4”也不能全部在图4中可见，故关于该点，沿在图3的线V-V的竖直截面在图5中进一步被示出，从图5可以看出另外的片簧元件4”从所有的膨胀元件1A、1B和1D(在该截面中不可见)的上部延伸并且其下端被保持在定心元件10中，当膨胀元件1A、1B、1C和1D被展开或被折叠时，该定心元件10确保了膨胀元件的精确的导向方向和其同步性，并且可以容易地在其竖直方向上的位置方面改变。
最后，图6为根据本发明所制造的容器的竖直截面，其中，管状基部构件11在重叠区域13中围绕另一包装部件12。可以清楚地看到，为了从内侧将两个包装部件11、12连接，必须在重叠的包装部件的区域中施加压紧力，这可以通过根据本发明的装置以可靠且简练的方式实现。
利用图示的布置，例如可以制造如从DE 10 2010 014 993 A1中已知的包装(其在上面更加详细描述的)。该包装的横截面基本上为正方形，“拐角”相应地具有大的半径。清晰地指出的是，所示出的实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的所要求保护的概念，并不意在以任何方式被限制到所示出的实施方式。根据待制造的所期望的包装的截面和/或款式，在不背离本发明的范围的情况下，可以考虑进行很多的变型。

Claims (22)

1.一种用于液密密封两个部分重叠的包装部件(11，12)的装置，所述包装部件(11，12)中的一者为管状基部构件(11)，所述管状基部构件由复合的纸板/塑料材料制成的毛坯形成，并且另一包装部件(12)形成上包装部或包装基部，所述装置具有至少一个心轴(D)和一个模具(M)，所述心轴(D)具有至少两个膨胀元件(1A，1B，1C，1D)，所述膨胀元件从其工作位置被朝向彼此地移动到静止位置中以减小横截面，以便允许所述管状基部构件(11)容易地滑动，所述膨胀元件(1A，1B，1C，1D)具有密封颚(2A，2B，2C，2D)，所述密封颚在其工作位置中形成闭合周向的外轮廓(AK)，所述外轮廓对应于由所述模具(M)中的开孔(8)所形成的内轮廓(IK)，在所述内轮廓(IK)与所述外轮廓(AK)之间留下狭窄的环形间隙，以便从内侧向所述包装部件(11，12)的重叠区域(13)施加压紧力，并且所述膨胀元件(1A，1B，1C，1D)的每一者可枢转地布置在公共基部元件(5)上，其特征在于，
每一膨胀元件(1A，1B，1C，1D)被固定到至少一个抗扭转的第一片簧元件(4A，4B，4C，4D)，所述至少一个抗扭转的第一片簧元件使得各个所述膨胀元件(1A，1B，1C，1D)在所述静止位置和所述工作位置之间精确枢转。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，
所述第一片簧元件(4A，4B，4C，4D)以基本上竖直的方式布置。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，
第二片簧元件(4')水平地布置。
4.根据权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，
第二片簧元件(4')在每种情况下被布置在两个相对的膨胀元件(1A，1B，1C，1D)之间。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，
所述第一片簧元件(4A，4B，4C，4D)被固定在所述膨胀元件(1A，1B，1C，1D)的下部中。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，
第三片簧元件(4”)被固定在所述膨胀元件(1A，1B，1C，1D)的上部中，并且利用所述第三片簧元件(4”)的下自由端被固定至定心元件(10)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，
所述定心元件(10)仅仅通过所述第三片簧元件(4”)而被保持。
8.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，
所述第三片簧元件在所述膨胀元件的整个长度上延伸远到所述密封颚。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，
至少在所述膨胀元件(1A，1B，1C，1D)的所述密封颚(2A，2B，2C，2D)的区域中，所述膨胀元件(1A，1B，1C，1D)设计为衔铁(3A，3B，3C，3D)。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，
所述模具(M)以一体成型的方式形成在其所述开孔(8)的圆周上。
11.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，
所述模具(M)具有一个或多个磁性线圈(9)。
12.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于，
所述模具具有用于引入连接热的元件。
13.根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，
在所述模具的区域中设置至少一个超声波发生器作为用于引入所述连接热的元件，并且所述密封颚在该情况下充当砧座。
14.根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，
在所述模具和/或到所述密封颚内设置热空气开孔作为用于引入所述连接热的元件。
15.一种用于利用根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的装置来液密密封两个部分重叠的包装部件(11，12)的方法，所述包装部件(11，12)中的一者为管状基部构件(11)，所述管状基部构件由复合的纸板/塑料材料制成的毛坯形成，并且另一包装部件(12)形成上包装部或包装基部，其特征在于以下步骤：
-供应展开的管状基部构件；
-将所述基部构件推动到具有膨胀元件的心轴上；
-供应具有开孔的模具；
-将所述另一包装部件供应到所述心轴；
-引入连接热；
-通过展开所述膨胀元件以在所述密封颚的接触区域中形成连续的外轮廓，将所述基部构件和所述另一包装部件压抵所述模具；
-将所述基部构件与所述另一包装部件连接；
-折叠所述膨胀元件；
-移除所述模具；以及
-移除包括所述基部构件和所述另一包装部件的单元。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，
通过形成保持所述另一包装部件的所述模具的所述开孔，所述供应所述另一包装部件与所述供应所述模具同时进行。
17.根据权利要求15或16所述的方法，其特征在于，
所述展开所述膨胀元件和所述折叠所述膨胀元件在精确确定的方向上进行。
18.根据权利要求15或16所述的方法，其特征在于，
所述引入所述连接热通过超声波来进行。
19.根据权利要求15或16所述的方法，其特征在于，
所述引入所述连接热通过热空气来进行。
20.根据权利要求15或16所述的方法，其特征在于，
所述展开所述膨胀元件通过磁力来进行，所述折叠通过弹性力来进行。
21.根据权利要求15或16所述的方法，其特征在于，
所述展开所述膨胀元件通过弹性力来进行，所述折叠通过磁力来进行。
22.根据权利要求15或16所述的方法，其特征在于，
折叠运动的反向通过磁极性的颠倒来进行。
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