CN1173853A - 软管包装及其制造方法 - Google Patents

软管包装及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1173853A
CN1173853A CN96191899A CN96191899A CN1173853A CN 1173853 A CN1173853 A CN 1173853A CN 96191899 A CN96191899 A CN 96191899A CN 96191899 A CN96191899 A CN 96191899A CN 1173853 A CN1173853 A CN 1173853A
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China
Prior art keywords
tube head
open end
continuous wall
wall part
shoulder surface
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Pending
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CN96191899A
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English (en)
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W·P·德克辛
D·P·格伦伯洽
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Application filed by Procter and Gamble Co filed Critical Procter and Gamble Co
Publication of CN1173853A publication Critical patent/CN1173853A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/567—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using a tamping or a swaging operation, i.e. at least partially deforming the edge or the rim of a first part to be joined to clamp a second part to be joined
    • B29C65/568—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using a tamping or a swaging operation, i.e. at least partially deforming the edge or the rim of a first part to be joined to clamp a second part to be joined using a swaging operation, i.e. totally deforming the edge or the rim of a first part to be joined to clamp a second part to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1226—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/302—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators
    • B29C66/3022—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30223—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined said melt initiators being rib-like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61—Joining from or joining on the inside
    • B29C66/612—Making circumferential joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/63—Internally supporting the article during joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D35/00—Pliable tubular containers adapted to be permanently or temporarily deformed to expel contents, e.g. collapsible tubes for toothpaste or other plastic or semi-liquid material; Holders therefor
    • B65D35/02—Body construction
    • B65D35/12—Connections between body and closure-receiving bush
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • B29C65/7847—Holding or clamping means for handling purposes using vacuum to hold at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B29C66/43121—Closing the ends of tubular or hollow single articles, e.g. closing the ends of bags
    • B29C66/43123—Closing the ends of squeeze tubes, e.g. for toothpaste or cosmetics
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/20—Flexible squeeze tubes, e.g. for cosmetics

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
  • Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有可重复闭合的封盖(12)的软管包装(10),包括具有第一开口端和第二开口端的管体(16)。还包括具有外肩表面(22)和圆形边缘(20)的管头(14)。管头(14)恰好位于管体(16)的第一开口端之内,使得管体(16)的连续壁部分(27)轴向地伸出管头(14)的圆形边缘(20)。连续的壁部分(27)被锻压并用超声封接至外肩表面(22)上。管体(16)的第二开口端被压扁并被封闭。管头(14)具有熔入连续壁部分(27)和外肩表面(22)之间的封接界面的能量集中环(26)。并且管体(16)和管头(14)是由其中无金属叠层和金属颗粒的可焊接、非极性的塑料制成的仅有的两种单独的部件。

Description

软管包装及其制造方法
发明的领域
本发明涉及在管的一端具有可重复闭合的封盖(closures)的软管包装，并涉及将软管包装元件焊接在一起的方法。
发明的背景
软管包装常用于各种产品，如牙膏和药膏。通常形成管体并在其一端封接一个可重复闭合的封盖配件进行闭合。随后从管体的另一端装入产品。在该端沿与管体纵向垂直的方向压扁管体，进行卷边和/或平面热封。
一些管体是由挤塑或吹塑管制成的，一些管体是将热塑性膜卷起的两边重叠封接在一起制成的。通常将可重复闭合的封盖配件(称为管头)设计成带螺纹的封盖。它们通常是注塑而成的。
通常使用感应(induction)或电介质(dielectric)封接方法，或者对流/传导封接方法将管头焊接至开口管体的一端。例如，可将管头和管体放置在一起，用感应加热或电介质加热方法在环境温度或低温度的工具的压力下向部件界面提供压力而焊接之。由于感应加热是通过在管头周围施加振荡磁感应场进行加热的，因此它依赖于管头、管体或管体和管头中间的金属层。由于电介质加热是通过在管头周围施加无线电频率的电磁场进行加热的，因此它依赖于具有极性分子的某些塑料材料。对流/传导方法使用热空气和/或加热的工具使热穿透一个部件到达部件间的界面上，随后将部件保持在压力下以完成焊接。使用冷工具的方法(如感应和电介质能量)完成管体与管头间焊接的速度通常要比使用热工具的方法的焊接速度快。
许多现有技术的参考文献披露了含有三个部件的管结构，包括叠合的管体、叠合的肩部件和注塑的配件。据信金属层是作为感应封接的加热装置的。例如1985年7月2日公布的Grimsley的美国专利4,526,297披露了金属叠合的三部件管结构。这种结构需要对三种部件进行成形、操作并连结，它肯定不如仅需要成形和操作两种部件的管结构那样合乎要求。
管体和具有圆锥形肩部的管头的焊接常需要该圆锥形肩部具有伸出的能卷住管体的圆柱形突边，或者锻压管体的一端，使之与管头肩部的圆锥角相匹配。在这两种方法中，一个部件的表面与另一个部件的表面重叠，产生封接的界面。肩部的突边意味着增加材料，从而增加软管包装的成本。它还在出料口附近增加软管包装的硬度，从而难以挤完软管包装中的最后一点产品。突边焊接通常包括旋转软管和顺序地在径向施加压力，而锻压包括施加在整个封接区域的轴向压力。因此，锻压软管的一端常优于提供突边。锻压通常是在将部件放置在一起进行封接前实施的。
因此需要一种仅由两种部件组成的低成本软管包装，两种部件都无需昂贵的金属层或极性分子材料；以及需要一种将管的锻压和焊接放在单一的步骤中，具有最短生产时间的制造方法。
发明的概述
超声波焊接是不同于感应和电介质焊接的一种封接方法，它同样具有一种冷工具以形成快速的焊接生产。超声波焊接接无需依赖于极性分子材料或金属层压的叠合物在封接界面产生热量。取而代之的是在部件之间的界面上将振动能转化成热能。因此，超声波提供了很大的热塑性材料的选择范围以及高的形成速度。
本发明的一个方面是一种具有可重复闭合的封盖的软管包装，包括具有第一开口端和第二开口端的管体。它还包括具有外肩表面和圆形边缘的管头。管头恰好位于管体第一开口端之内，使得管体的连续壁部分轴向地伸出管头圆形边缘。该连续的壁部分被锻压并用超声封接至外肩表面上。管体的第二开口端被压扁并被封闭。
较好的是，管头具有熔入连续壁部分和外肩表面之间的封接界面的能量集中环(energy concentration ring)，并且管体和管头仅是两种由可焊接的非极性塑料制成的单独部件，所述塑料部件中无金属叠层和金属颗粒。较好的是，在锻压前管体的连续壁部分伸出管头圆形边缘约2-4mm。
本发明的另一方面是具有可重复闭合的封盖的软管包装的制造方法，包括如下步骤：制造具有第一开口端和第二开口端的管体；并制造具有内肩表面和外肩表面以及圆形边缘的管头。其它步骤包括将管头置于型芯上，该型芯具有与内肩表面适配的砧表面；将型芯和管头放入管体的第一开口端，使管体的连续壁部分轴向地伸出管头的圆形边缘。另一个步骤包括在用型芯的砧表面支承管头的同时，将连续的壁部分锻压至管头的外肩表面上，形成管体的锻压端。再一个步骤包括用超声将管体的锻压端封接在管头的外肩表面上，以便闭合管体的第一开口端。
本方法还包括如下步骤：将产品装入软管包装的第二开口端，压扁第二开口端，将第二开口端封闭。本方法还可包括将能量集中环熔入锻压端和外肩表面之间的封接界面的步骤。可在将管头封接至管体上以前或者将管头封接至管体以后，将可重复闭合的封盖连结至管头上。
附图简述
尽管本说明书以具体并明确提出本发明范围的权利要求书结尾，但是相信下列结合附图的较好实例的描述有助于更好地理解本发明。附图中相同的元件使用同一标号。
图1是本发明软管包装的较好实例的部件分解正视图，说明了封盖、管头和管体；
图2是用于封接管头和管体的较好方法的型芯的正视图；
图3是图1所示的封盖和管头装配和安装在型芯上后的正视图；
图4是一个剖面图，显示在焊接前管头在管体第一开口端中的位置；
图5是图4虚环线5部分的放大的视图，显示一个凸出于管头锥形肩的超声波能量集中环；
图6是与图4相似的剖面图，显示超声波集声器在用型芯支承管头的同时将管体的第一开口端锻压至管头的外肩表面，并将锻压的第一开口端焊接至管头的肩上；
图7是图6虚线环7部分的放大的视图，显示管体和管头间焊接的界面；
图8是图1软管包装装配后的部分剖面图，显示倒置并填充的软管；
图9是侧视图，显示用封接夹具压扁管体的第二开口端并封闭之。
本发明的详细描述
现参照附图，具体地说参照图1，这是本发明第一个较好的实例，它提供了一个总括地标为10的软管包装。以部件分解方式显示的包装10包括可重复闭合的封盖12，总括地标为14的管头和管体16。管头具有肩18(该肩具有圆形边缘20、外表面22和内表面23(图1中未显示))和带螺纹的配件24。配件24具有孔25(图1中未显示)，当包装10装配后孔25与管体16流体相通。管头14还最好具有用于将管头14以超声方法焊接至管体16的能量集中环26。管头14最好是注塑的；但是，热定形管头(包括配件)，为向管头中加入防渗层提供了一条途径。
管体16具有第一开口端28和第二开口端30。图中显示管体16具有一条重叠的接缝32，但是管体16可以是无缝管，例如，可以是由塑料挤出或吹塑法制得的塑料管。
管头14和管体16各自最好由塑料制成。它们既无需包含用于感应封接的昂贵的金属叠层或金属颗粒，又无需使用电介质封接所必须的极性分子塑料制成。仅需要使用与超声波振动的热焊接相容的材料即可。
图2显示用于放置并将管头14焊接至管体16上标号为34的型芯。型芯34具有与管体16内径松配合的芯体36，最好两者间具有0.003-0.010英寸(0.076-0.254mm)的空隙。型芯34还具有台阶38、肩部40和定心细柱42。当型芯34插入管体16时，台阶38用于放置第二开口端30。定心细柱42将配件24定位于型芯上，假定配件24位于管头14的中心位置上。如果配件24不在管头14的中心位置上，则需要绕细柱42调整管头的位置以插入管体16。
肩部42的造型与管头14的内肩表面23的造型基本相同，以便作为砧表面用于将管体16焊接至外肩表面22上。肩部40可具有用于将管头固定在型芯34上的真空孔(图中未显示)。同样，也可使用按扣配合将管头固定在型芯34上。
图3显示了预装配至管头14上的封盖12，并且两者都滑入型芯34的定心细柱42上。在这种情况下，型芯34插入第二开口端30，穿过管体16将管头14安置在第一开口端28。但是，也可以使用几种其它的装配次序。首先，在部件焊接在一起之后或紧接在填充软管包装10之前才将封盖12安置在管头14上。其次，可将型芯34插入管体16，随后将管头14置于定心细柱42上。由于管头14最好滑入管体16并与之适配，因此可将其放入第一开口端28并置于型芯34之上。较好的装配次序是图3和图4所示的装配次序。
图4是显示管体16在型芯34上位置、管头14在型芯34上的位置和管头14在第一开口端28锻压前和管体16之间的关系的剖面图。管体16的连续壁部分27最好沿轴向伸出管头14的圆形边缘20约2-4mm。虚环线5标明了放大的视图5的位置。图5更清楚地显示在管头14的外肩表面22上的能量集中环26。尽管超声波焊接无需环26，但是环26可改善超声波封接并降低超声波集声器对型芯定位所需的精度，以便围绕整个管头14产生良好的封接。例如，如果型芯34是四个如刻度轮(indexing wheel)上等距离辐条那样辐射状安装的型芯中的一个，并且超声波集声器安装在该轮的外面，则各个型芯或各个刻度与集声器会有一定的定位差异。
图6显示超声波集声器44降落在由型芯34支承的管头14上。集声器44最好是中空的，环绕管头14的封盖12和配件24而不与它们接触。超声波集声器能在十分之几秒内使封接界面发热，而无需通过一个部件或其它部件进行热传导。同时，由于是冷工具而非加热工具，因此，通常由铝制成的超声波集声器从软化的封接界面上吸收热量，从而能使焊缝快速固化。因此，使用超声波集声器44所需要的生产时间最少。
集声器44具有内台阶46，该台阶将连续的管壁部分27锻压至外表面22上，在管体16上形成锻压端48。该锻压步骤是在集声器44降落在连续的管壁部分27时发生的。当锻压发生时，型芯34的台阶38支承着管体16的第二开口端30。在该过程中在锻压端48产生褶皱。但是，当工具44的内台阶46将锻压端48压向管头14的外肩表面22时，该褶皱被压平了并且锻压端48被焊接在表面22上，这最好参见图7，图7是图6虚环线部分的放大的视图。
图7还显示了被型芯34的肩部40支承着的管头14的内肩表面23。箭头50表示集声器44的振动方向。能量集中环26被熔化并流入封接界面52，这发生在锻压端48和外肩表面22之间。当焊接完成后，在锻压端48的顶端最好形成边缘变薄的过渡段。
图8表示管头14焊接在管体16上并且封盖12安装在管头14上。如上所述，可在管头14和管体16焊接在一起之前或之后安装封盖12。图8部分剖开地显示产品54从第二开口端30装入倒置的软管包装10中。在产品54上方应留出足够的空间以便压扁并闭合第二开口端30。
图9显示第二开口端30沿与管体16基本垂直的方向被压扁。最好用一对对置的封接模头56和58将第二开口端30压扁并闭合。可在装入产品前封闭第二开口端30，此时产品可通过管头14上的孔52装入，但是，相对于第二开口端30较小尺寸的孔52会增加产品装填时间。因此，最好由第二开口端30装入产品。同时，可以在不与管体16纵向轴对准或垂直的平面上封闭第二开口端30。但是这种情况是不对称的。另外，管体16和型芯34无须是圆柱形的，但是最好是圆柱形的以避免管头定位问题。
在本发明最好的实例中，管头14由低密度聚乙烯模塑而成，在焊接处圆锥形肩18的厚度为0.020英寸(0.51mm)。环26从外肩表面22至与轴的夹角为90°的那一点约升高了0.017英寸(0.43mm)。肩18与管头旋转轴的夹角约45°。在圆形边缘20管头14的直径约为1.07英寸(27.18mm)。
管体16由低密度聚乙烯、乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物和直链低密度聚乙烯衬里层压而成。该层压物的目录号为GS6268，由American National Can of Washington，NJ制造。管体16的壁厚为0.011英寸(0.28mm)。管体16的内径(此处膜重叠并接缝)约1.08英寸(27.43mm)。
型芯34由硬质钢制成，主体直径与管头14相同。型芯34的肩部或砧表面40与型芯的旋转轴的夹角为45°。
超声波封接是用Branson Ultrasonics of Danbury，CT制Branson 401型20kHz超声波封接机进行的。在约0.8秒振动时间和0.5秒保持时间内在焊接区域形成约4000psi(275.8巴)的压力。振幅估计为0.002英寸(0.051mm)。集声器44由2024 T351铝制成，内台阶与集声器的旋转轴的夹角约为45°。
尽管对本发明具体实例进行了说明和描述，但是在不偏离本发明精神和范围的情况下，各种变化和改进对本领域中的熟练技术人员来说是显而易见的，在所附的权利要求中包括所有这些在本发明范围内的改进。

Claims (10)

1.具有可重复闭合的封盖的软管包装，其特征在于：
a)具有第一开口端和第二开口端的管体；以及
b)具有外肩表面和圆形边缘的管头；所述管头恰好位于所述管体的第一开口端之内，使得所述管体的连续壁部分轴向地伸出所述管头的所述圆形边缘，所述连续的壁部分被锻压并用超声封接至所述外肩表面上，所述管体的所述第二开口端被压扁并被封闭。
2.具有可重复闭合的封盖的软管包装，其特征在于：
a)具有第一开口端和第二开口端的管体，所述管体是由其中无金属叠层的塑料制成的；以及
b)由其中无金属叠层的塑料制成的管头，所述管头具有外肩表面和圆形边缘；所述管头恰好位于所述管体的第一开口端之内，使得连续的壁部分，所述连续的壁部分被锻压并用超声封接至所述外肩表面上，所述管体的所述第二开口端被压扁并被封闭。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的软管包装，其特征在于所述管头具有熔入连续壁部分和外肩表面之间的封接界面的能量集中环。
4.如权利要求1、2或3所述的软管包装，其特征在于所述管体和所述管头是由其中无金属叠层和金属颗粒的可焊接、非极性的塑料制成的。
5.具有可重复闭合的封盖的软管包装制造方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
a)制造管体，所述管体具有第一开口端和第二开口端；
b)制造具有内肩表面和外肩表面以及圆形边缘的管头；
c)将所述管头置于型芯上，所述型芯具有与所述内肩表面适配的砧表面；
d)将所述型芯和所述管头放入所述管体的所述第一开口端，使所述管体的连续壁部分轴向地伸出所述管头的所述圆形边缘；
e)将所述连续的壁部分锻压至所述管头的所述外肩表面上，形成所述管体的锻压端，所述管头被所述型芯的所述砧表面所支承；以及
f)用超声将所述管体的所述锻压端封接在所述管头的所述外肩表面上，以便闭合所述管体的所述第一开口端。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于还包括将能量集中环熔入所述锻压端和所述外肩表面之间的封接界面的步骤。
7.如权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于所述管体的所述连续的壁部分伸出所述管头的所述圆形边缘2-4mm。
8.如权利要求5-7中任何一项所述的方法，其特征在于还包括将产品装入所述软管包装的所述第二开口端的步骤。
9.如权利要求5-8中任何一项所述的方法，其特征在于还包括：
a)压扁所述第二开口端，和
b)将所述第二开口端封闭的步骤。
10.如权利要求5-9中任何一项所述的方法，其特征在于所述管体和所述管头是由其中无金属叠层和金属颗粒的可焊接、非极性塑料制成的。
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CN102036806B (zh) * 2008-05-23 2014-03-05 机械电子股份公司 头部焊接装置
CN104884361A (zh) * 2012-12-21 2015-09-02 阿贝尔服务 利用管端件裙部性能进行改进的管
CN104884361B (zh) * 2012-12-21 2017-11-17 阿贝尔服务 利用管端件裙部性能进行改进的管
CN105636764A (zh) * 2013-10-11 2016-06-01 Sig技术股份公司 用于液密密封两个部分重叠的包装部件的装置和方法
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CN104590680A (zh) * 2015-01-27 2015-05-06 上海三樱包装材料有限公司 复合软管
CN112388978A (zh) * 2019-08-16 2021-02-23 厦门鹏茂机械设备有限公司 一种双头软管的成型方法及其结构
CN112388978B (zh) * 2019-08-16 2024-02-06 厦门鹏茂机械设备有限公司 一种双头软管的成型方法及其结构

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BR9607037A (pt) 1997-11-04
WO1996025341A1 (en) 1996-08-22
CA2212462A1 (en) 1996-08-22
US5690764A (en) 1997-11-25
JPH11500090A (ja) 1999-01-06
MX9706166A (es) 1997-11-29

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