CN105623816B - 一种三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105623816B
CN105623816B CN201610099113.0A CN201610099113A CN105623816B CN 105623816 B CN105623816 B CN 105623816B CN 201610099113 A CN201610099113 A CN 201610099113A CN 105623816 B CN105623816 B CN 105623816B
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赫常山
王宜献
蔡德华
肖颖
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Beijing Refined Scholar's Clariant Petrochemical Complex Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油及其制备方法，所述三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油由下述重量百分比的原料组成：高碱值合成磺酸钙1‑3％、硫化烷基酚钙1‑3％、硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺1‐4％、单烯基丁二酰亚胺1‐3％、二丁基二硫代磷酸锌0.5‐1.5％、聚四氟乙烯乳液1‐4％、乙丙共聚物4‐8％、酚酯型无灰抗氧剂0.2‐0.8％、对辛基二苯胺0.2‐0.8％、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.5‐1％、抗泡剂0.002‐0.005％、100N基础油25‐35％、500N基础油30‐40％、余量为150BS光亮油。本发明与以往技术相比较，充分的考虑到三轮摩托车发动机的高温、低速、高转矩的实际工作状况，提供了一种能够在高温、低速、高转矩条件下工作的重载抗磨低噪音三轮摩托车发动机用油。

Description

一种三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油技术领域，是一种三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油及其制备方法。
背景技术
三轮摩托车由于具有一定的承载能力，道路适应性强，既适合短途公路运输又具备一定的载客功能，受到了人民群众的欢迎，在我国现有的国情下，具有广阔的市场。我国的三轮车技术是由两轮摩托车转化而来的，过去大多就是在两轮摩托车发动机上装配上倒挡和后桥而成。由于三轮摩托车与两轮摩托车的使用目的不同，三轮摩托车不要求较高行驶速度，需要较大的载重质量，尤其是南方丘陵地区及山区的广大农村，多被用于短途超载拉货运输，经常爬坡下坡，发动机常处于高温、低转速、高转矩的苛刻工况；一般摩托车油都是根据两轮摩托车的工况调制的，三轮摩托车在使用的过程中，最突出的问题就是短时间内活塞和活塞环磨损严重，甚至出现缸体磨损，噪音严重，以致出现烧机油、爬坡没劲的现象。三轮摩托车发动机润滑恶劣的情况非常的普遍，亟待加以解决。
本发明根据三轮摩托车在使用的过程中出现的活塞和活塞环磨损、高温、烧机油、动力不足、噪音大等问题，针对性的选择合适的基础油和加强添加剂，提供了一种能够满足山区频繁坡道上行驶的重载三轮摩托车使用的抗磨低噪音润滑油。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的不足，本发明所要解决的技术问题之一是提供一种三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油。
本发明所要解决的技术问题之二是提供一种三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油的制备方法。
本发明目的是通过如下技术方案实现的：
一种三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油，由下述重量百分比的原料组成：高碱值合成磺酸钙1-3％、硫化烷基酚钙1-3％、硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺1‐4％、单烯基丁二酰亚胺1‐3％、二丁基二硫代磷酸锌0.5‐1.5％、聚四氟乙烯乳液1‐4％、乙丙共聚物4‐8％、酚酯型无灰抗氧剂0.2‐0.8％、对辛基二苯胺0.2‐0.8％、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.5‐1％、抗泡剂0.002‐0.005％、100N基础油25‐35％、500N基础油30‐40％、余量为150BS光亮油。
优选地，所述的高碱值合成磺酸钙为合成烷基苯磺酸钙，可以采用专利申请号：200810011923.1中实施例1的方法制备。
优选地，所述的硫化烷基酚钙，可以采用专利申请号：201210389112.1中实施例1的方法制备。
优选地，所述的酚酯型无灰抗氧剂为硫代二乙撑双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]和/或3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八烷醇酯。
更优选地，所述的酚酯型无灰抗氧剂由硫代二乙撑双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]和3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八烷醇酯按质量比为3：1-1：3混合而成。
优选地，所述的聚四氟乙烯乳液为聚四氟乙烯超微粉与高粘度载体的混合物，其中，聚四氟乙烯超微粉的质量分数为5‐60％，平均粒径为0.05‐5μm，高粘度载体选自氢化苯乙烯异戊二烯共聚物、复合酯等中的一种或多种的混合物。
优选地，所述的氢化苯乙烯异戊二烯共聚物，采用专利申请号：201410115135.2中实施例1的方法制备，也可以采用市售的美国科腾公司的牌号为G1701D的氢化苯乙烯异戊二烯共聚物。
优选地，所述的聚甲基丙烯酸酯可以为聚甲基丙烯酸酯(C12)，也可以采用采用专利申请号：201410753667.9中实施例1的方法制备聚甲基丙烯酸酯。
优选地，所述的抗泡剂为硅油；更优选地，所述硅油为二甲基硅油，可以采用市售的道康宁硅油PMX‐200抗泡剂。
本发明还提供了上述三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油的制备方法：将各组分原料混合均匀，即得所述三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油。
本发明与以往技术相比较，充分的考虑到三轮摩托车发动机的高温、低速、高转矩的实际工作状况，提供了一种能够在高温、低速、高转矩条件下工作的重载抗磨低噪音三轮摩托车发动机用油。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的说明，以下所述，仅是对本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明做其他形式的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更为同等变化的等效实施例。凡是未脱离本发明方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以下实施例所做的任何简单修改或等同变化，均落在本发明的保护范围内。
实施例4‐6中各原料介绍：
高碱值合成磺酸钙，采用专利申请号：200810011923.1中实施例1的方法制备。
硫化烷基酚钙，采用专利申请号：201210389112.1中实施例1的方法制备。
硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺，合成方法参照万烈雄,冯洁泳,骆新平《硼化无灰分散剂的研制及应用》，润滑油，2001，其结构式如下：
其中，R为分子量为1000的聚异丁烯，R'＝H。
单烯基丁二酰亚胺，其结构式如下：
其中，PIB为分子量为1000的聚异丁烯，n＝3。
二丁基二硫代磷酸锌，CAS号：6990-43-8。
乙丙共聚物，CAS号：9010-79-1，采用大庆高新技术产业开发区林强油剂制品有限公司的型号为T615A的乙丙共聚物。
聚甲基丙烯酸酯，采用专利申请号：201410753667.9中实施例1的方法制备聚甲基丙烯酸酯。
抗泡剂采用二甲基硅油，CAS号，63148-62-9。
对辛基二苯胺即4,4'-二辛基二苯胺，CAS号：101-67-7。
硫代二乙撑双[3‐(3,5‐二叔丁基‐4‐羟基苯基)丙酸酯]，CAS号：41484‐35‐9。
3‐(3,5‐二叔丁基‐4‐羟基苯基)丙酸正十八烷醇酯，CAS号：2082‐79‐3。
100N基础油，采用中海南联能源有限公司的100N基础油，其理化指标如下：运动粘度(40℃)19.67mm2/s，闪点218℃，粘度指数124，倾点-22.5℃。
500N基础油，采用苏州赛帕汉特种油品有限公司提供的500N基础油，其理化指标如下：运动粘度(40℃)96.66mm2/s，运动粘度(100℃)10.93mm2/s，闪点(开口)252.1℃，倾点-28℃。
150BS光亮油，采用苏州赛帕汉特种油品有限公司提供的150BS光亮油，其理化指标如下：运动粘度(40℃)565.3mm2/s，运动粘度(100℃)31.40mm2/s，闪点(开口)302℃，倾点-18℃。
聚四氟乙烯乳液由聚四氟乙烯(CAS号：9002-84-0)超微粉与氢化苯乙烯异戊二烯共聚物搅拌混合均匀得到，其中，聚四氟乙烯超微粉的质量分数为35％，平均粒径为1μm，氢化苯乙烯异戊二烯共聚物的质量分数为65％；所述氢化苯乙烯异戊二烯共聚物，采用专利申请号：201410115135.2中实施例1的方法制备。
实施例1-3
按表1的原料配比并按下述方法制备实施例1-3的三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油：
将150BS10％、500N41％加入釜内，搅拌升温至50℃，加入聚甲基丙烯酸酯(C12)、乙丙共聚物搅拌升温至50℃，搅拌1.5h；将高碱値合成磺酸钙、中碱值硫化烷基酚钙、硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺、单烯基丁二酰亚胺加入釜内，升温至65℃，通过搅拌和静态混合器进行充分的混合，时间1.5h；加入酚酯型无灰抗氧剂、对辛基二苯胺，通过搅拌和静态混合器进行充分的混合，时间0.5h；以上过程均在0.1MPa氮气保护下进行，放掉氮气，在-0.06MPa的条件下脱气0.1h；加入剩余30％的100N基础油，温度降至45℃，放掉负压，加入二丁基二硫代磷酸锌、聚四氟乙烯乳液、复合抗泡剂，通过搅拌和静态混合器进行充分的混合，时间0.5h；通过5μm的过滤器放出。
表1：实施例1‐3的原料配比
实施例1-3所用的基础油和清净分散剂性能见表2-3
表2：基础油性能:
项目 100N 500N 150BS光亮油
粘度100℃ 4.4 10.7 32.7
粘度指数 130 110 96
闪点 231 265 316
倾点 ‐20 ‐16 ‐11
表3：清净分散剂性能
名称 碱値mgKOH/g 氮质量分数
高碱値合成磺酸钙 300
中碱值硫化烷基酚钙 200
硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺 1.1‐1.4
单丁烯丁二酰亚胺 1.0‐1.2
实施例4
三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油原料(质量百分比)：高碱值合成磺酸钙2％、硫化烷基酚钙2％、硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺2％、单烯基丁二酰亚胺2％、二丁基二硫代磷酸锌1％、聚四氟乙烯乳液2％、乙丙共聚物6％、酚酯型无灰抗氧剂0.6％、4,4'-二辛基二苯胺0.3％、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.7％、二甲基硅油0.003％、100N基础油30％、500N基础油35％、余量为150BS光亮油。
所述的酚酯型无灰抗氧剂由硫代二乙撑双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]和3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八烷醇酯按质量比为1:1搅拌混合均匀而成。
三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油制备：将150BS光亮油、500N基础油加入釜内，200转/分搅拌升温至50℃，加入聚甲基丙烯酸酯、乙丙共聚物200转/分搅拌升温至50℃，搅拌1.5h；将高碱値合成磺酸钙、硫化烷基酚钙、硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺、单烯基丁二酰亚胺加入釜内，升温至65℃，400转/分搅拌1.5h；加入酚酯型无灰抗氧剂、4,4'-二辛基二苯胺，400转/分搅拌0.5h；以上过程均在0.1MPa氮气保护下进行，放掉氮气，在-0.06MPa的条件下脱气0.1h；加入100N基础油，温度降至45℃，放掉负压，加入二丁基二硫代磷酸锌、聚四氟乙烯乳液、二甲基硅油，400转/分搅拌0.5h；通过5μm的过滤器放出，即得实施例4的三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油。
实施例5
按实施例4的方法制备三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油，区别仅仅在于：所述的抗氧剂仅为3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八烷醇酯。得到实施例5的三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油。
实施例6
按实施例4的方法制备三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油，区别仅仅在于：所述的抗氧剂仅为硫代二乙撑双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]。得到实施例6的三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油。
测试例1
对实施例1‐3进行指标测试，具体理化分析数据见表4。
表4：实施例1‐3理化分析数据表
测试例2
对实施例4-6的三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油使用性能进行测试，油品磨斑直径和平均摩擦力数据均为四球摩擦试验机试验数据，其试验方法根据GB/T12583-90，四球试验机设置条件为负载40kgf，运行时间1h，初始温度和转速见表5。具体测试结果见表5。
表5：使用性能测试结果表
比较实施例4与实施例5-6，实施例4(抗氧剂采用硫代二乙撑双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]、3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八烷醇酯)三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油使用性能明显优于实施例5-6(抗氧剂采用硫代二乙撑双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]、3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八烷醇酯中单一原料)。
测试例3
对实施例4-6的三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油抗氧性能进行测试，实验根据SH/T 0193-2008润滑油氧化安定性的测定-旋转氧弹法检测，氧化时间越长则抗氧性越好。具体测试结果见表6。
表6：抗氧性能测试结果表
氧化时间/min
实施例4 261
实施例5 238
实施例6 249
比较实施例4与实施例5-6，实施例4(抗氧剂采用硫代二乙撑双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]、3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八烷醇酯复配)抗氧性能明显优于实施例5-6(抗氧剂采用硫代二乙撑双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]、3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八烷醇酯中单一原料)。

Claims (2)

1.一种三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油，其特征在于，由下述重量百分比的原料组成：高碱值合成磺酸钙1-3％、硫化烷基酚钙1-3％、硼化聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺1-4％、单烯基丁二酰亚胺1-3％、二丁基二硫代磷酸锌0.5-1.5％、聚四氟乙烯乳液1-4％、乙丙共聚物4-8％、酚酯型无灰抗氧剂0.2-0.8％、对辛基二苯胺0.2-0.8％、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.5-1％、抗泡剂0.002-0.005％、100N基础油25-35％、500N基础油30-40％、余量为150BS光亮油；
所述的酚酯型无灰抗氧剂由硫代二乙撑双[3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯]和3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八烷醇酯按质量比为3：1-1：3混合而成。
2.如权利要求1所述的三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于，将各组分原料混合均匀，即得所述三轮摩托车专用重载抗磨低噪音润滑油。
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