CN105613367A - Factory-like zander fingerling cultivation method - Google Patents
Factory-like zander fingerling cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105613367A CN105613367A CN201510990039.7A CN201510990039A CN105613367A CN 105613367 A CN105613367 A CN 105613367A CN 201510990039 A CN201510990039 A CN 201510990039A CN 105613367 A CN105613367 A CN 105613367A
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- 241000785681 Sander vitreus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241001290771 Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Species 0.000 claims description 25
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001835 salubrious effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011012 sanitization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000264847 Siniperca chuatsi Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000736160 Cynoscion regalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494246 Daphnia magna Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001327682 Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a factory-like zander fingerling cultivation method. The method comprises the specific steps of firstly, selecting high-quality zander fries with the total length of each fish body being 3cm; then adopting a factory-like fry cultivation workshop and a full production line mode; selecting well water or mountain spring water or karst cave water, wherein the water temperature is controlled between 16 DEG C to 20 DEG C, water quality is clear and fresh and meets requirements of GB 11607, and dissolved oxygen is 5 mg/l; conducting sanitation treatment on the fries and the fry cultivation process; conducting feeding domestication, so that it is guaranteed that 30 days later, the fries can be directly fed with full-value mixed granulated feed; culturing the zander fries for 12-18 months, as a result, the weight can reach 0.05-0.75 kg/fish, the fish body length can reach 20-22 cm, and at this moment, the fries can be transferred to marketable fish culturing. The factory-like zander fingerling cultivation method is concluded by aquatic product technicians through multiple times of tests, and by means of the method, the survival rate of obtained fingerling is 96% and above, and the method is quite worthy of being applied and popularized in the industry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field, particularly to the factory culturing method of a kind of zander fingerling.
Background technology
Zander fish is former is distributed in the Black Sea in Europe, the Caspian Sea and the river of Baltic Sea water system, lake, is only distributed in Xinjiang Yili of China River system and Eerqisihe River water system in China. Zander resistance against diseases is extremely strong, fast growth, fine and tender taste, and between flesh, thorn is few, high nutritive value, its protein content is more than 20.53%, also higher than Siniperca chuatsi, 5 kinds cause fresh amino acid content also above rainbow trout, and eating effect, significantly better than Siniperca chuatsi, has the title of " fresh-water fishes king ". Zander fish belongs to ferociousness Fish, moves in fresh water and brackish water waters, makes a living preying on small fish. Body length, up to 500��1300 millimeters, weighs about 8��12 kilograms. The happiness of zander fish lives in that water quality is pure and fresh and water transparency, dissolved oxygen amount are high, and has in the environment of miniflow water. Require that water pH value is between 7.4��8.2. Zander fish is cold water fishes, and its suitable temperature range is 0��33 DEG C, and optimum growth temp is 12��18 DEG C. Zander fish is cultivation Shi Shuzhong lower floor Fish, how smoothly movable at deeper water layer, slightly alarms and namely dives into the water rapidly. Additionally, zander also has the custom hidden by day and come out at night, out look for food after the general dusk.
The open-mouthed bait of zander fry is wheel animalcule, naupiar larva etc., macrozooplankton and benthon is turned to along with growth, such as Daphnia magna class, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri etc., just can prey on shrimp, hatching when growing to more than 2.5 centimeter length, the zander Seedling being in starvation can be eaten the fry of himself body length 2/3. Also there is the characteristic of its similar small and weak Fish that eat when bait deficiency. At present, the large-scale cultivation of zander fry, but without the technology of a set of maturation, causes zander fry some undesirable conditions when wild breeding occurs in the nurturing period.
Summary of the invention
A kind of method that it is an object of the invention to provide zander fingerling factory culturing.
A kind of factory culturing method of zander fingerling, concretely comprising the following steps of the method:
(1) fry is chosen: choose the high-quality zander fry that fish body total length is 3;
(2) select industrial seedling rearing workshop, full pipeline mode: nursery pond adopt �� 2m glass jar, the depth of water controls 30��50, fry breeding density be 200 tails/;
(3) cultivation water: select water temperature stability 16��20 DEG C, water quality is pure and fresh and water quality meets the regulation of GB11607, dissolved oxygen amount at the well water of 5mg/l, spring water or cavern water;
(4) sanitized of fry and breeding process:
(1) fish body is embathed 5��10 minutes by the NaCl solution of 3 �� when fry enters pond;
(2) within entering pond 30 days every 7 days, fish body is embathed 10��20 minutes by the NaCl solution of 8 �� at Yuan Chi;
(3) within after entering pond 30 days every 15 days, fish body is embathed 10��20 minutes by the NaCl solution of 8 �� at Yuan Chi;
(4) the Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri class living bait used by is used that the NaCl solution of 10��15 �� is embathed 5 minutes and removes the evil;
(5) food is tamed and dociled:
(1) making of bait and feeding method:
Fry enters did not throw something and feed the same day in pond;
2nd��4 day, the Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri after disinfection of entirely throwing something and feeding;
Within 5th��7 day, make pasty state in the ratio of full price mash feed 10%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 90%, feed with brush brush; Within 8th��10 day, make pasty state in full price mash feed 20%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 80% ratio to throw something and feed;
Within 11st��13 day, make pasty state in full price mash feed 40%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 60% ratio to throw something and feed;
Within 14th��19 day, make pasty state in full price mash feed 50%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 50% ratio to throw something and feed;
Within 20th��23 day, make pasty state in full price mash feed 70%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 30% ratio to throw something and feed;
Within 24th��30 day, make dough in the ratio of full price mash feed 90%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 10% to throw something and feed;
Just can directly throw something and feed after 30 days complete compound granular feed;
(2) throw something and feed number of times: during fish body total length 3��6, throw something and feed every day 5 times; During fish body total length 7��10, throw something and feed every day 4 times; During fish body total length 10��20, throw something and feed every day 3 times;
(3) amount of raising is thrown: the forage volume every time thrown something and fed supports flexibly and holds, and controls to eat up in 20 minutes;
(6) feeding and management: the best cultivation temperature range of zander fish is 16 DEG C��20 DEG C, and fishpond filled new water 30cm every 10 days, discharged waste water simultaneously, to control water quality, kept the salubrious of pond water quality; Summer, for controlling water temperature, can build sunshade, sunshade net class cooling installation above pond, or at pond water surface aquaculture Herba Eichhorniae etc., but it is noted that minimizing draws in the net to operate disturbs fish body to plunder;
(7) zander fry was through the cultivation of 12��18 months, and body weight, up to 0.05��0.75kg/ tail, fish length 20��22, now can proceed to marketable fish cultivation.
The present invention is a set of zander fingerling cultivating method that aquatic products technical staff sums up through test of many times, adopts the fingerling survival rate that the method obtains more than 96%, highly in industry promotion and application.
Detailed description of the invention
In China, zander fish is distributed in Xinjiang Autonomous Region and is located in the Boulogne holder sea of Eerqisihe River of Altay Prefecture and Fuhai County, the mating period of zander fish annual 5��by the end of June, when water temperature rises to 8��12 DEG C, zander fish can breed. The age at sexual maturity that parent fish is general was 3 ages. In natural water area, zander parent fish selects the place having Tree root, having algae, by milter fin and health, the things such as tree root, weeds, rubble are built up fish nest for laying eggs, then ripe raun is arrived in fish nest to carry out oestrusing laying eggs, after spawning and fertilization, milter is guarded near fish nest, until hatching fry.
Current zander fingerling is but without large-scale cultivation successful story, and technical staff through the effort of 3 years, have developed the factory culturing method still belonging to pioneering a kind of zander fingerling in the whole industry. Concretely comprising the following steps of the method:
(1) fry is chosen: choose the high-quality zander fry that fish body total length is 3;
(2) select industrial seedling rearing workshop, full pipeline mode: nursery pond adopt �� 2m glass jar, the depth of water controls 30��50, fry breeding density be 200 tails/;
(3) cultivation water: cultivation wet concentration water temperature stability 16��20 DEG C, water quality is pure and fresh and water quality meets the regulation of GB11607, dissolved oxygen amount at the well water of 5mg/l, spring water or cavern water;
(4) sanitized of fry and breeding process:
(1) fish body is embathed 5��10 minutes by the NaCl solution of 3 �� when fry enters pond;
(2) within entering pond 30 days every 7 days, fish body is embathed 10��20 minutes by the NaCl solution of 8 �� at Yuan Chi;
(3) within after entering pond 30 days every 15 days, fish body is embathed 10��20 minutes by the NaCl solution of 8 �� at Yuan Chi;
(4) the Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri class living bait used by is used that the NaCl solution of 10��15 �� is embathed 5 minutes and removes the evil;
(5) food is tamed and dociled:
(1) making of bait and feeding method:
Fry enters did not throw something and feed the same day in pond;
2nd��4 day, the Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri after disinfection of entirely throwing something and feeding;
Within 5th��7 day, make pasty state in the ratio of full price mash feed 10%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 90%, feed with brush brush; Within 8th��10 day, make pasty state in full price mash feed 20%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 80% ratio to throw something and feed;
Within 11st��13 day, make pasty state in full price mash feed 40%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 60% ratio to throw something and feed;
Within 14th��19 day, make pasty state in full price mash feed 50%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 50% ratio to throw something and feed;
Within 20th��23 day, make pasty state in full price mash feed 70%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 30% ratio to throw something and feed;
Within 24th��30 day, make dough in the ratio of full price mash feed 90%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 10% to throw something and feed;
Just can directly throw something and feed after 30 days complete compound granular feed.
(2) throw something and feed number of times: during fish body total length 3��6, throw something and feed every day 5 times; During fish body total length 7��10, throw something and feed every day 4 times; During fish body total length 10��20, throw something and feed every day 3 times;
(3) amount of raising is thrown: the forage volume every time thrown something and fed supports flexibly and holds, and controls to eat up in 20 minutes;
(6) feeding and management: zander fish is the predacious fish in natural water area, and the requirement of water quality is significantly high, it should be noted that the content of the adjustment of water quality, particularly dissolved oxygen, there will be floating head phenomenon when Dissolved Oxygen in Water is lower than 4mg/L. The adaptive temperature of zander fish is 0 DEG C��30 DEG C, optimum temperature range 16 DEG C��20 DEG C. Because zander is cold water fishes, pond filled new water 30cm every 10 days, discharged waste water simultaneously, to control water quality, kept the salubrious of pond water quality. Season in midsummer, pond water temperature was higher, considerably beyond the thermophilic upper limit of zander, can take to build the cooling of the facility such as sunshade, sunshade net above pond, or at pond water surface aquaculture Herba Eichhorniae etc., disturbed fish body it is also noted that reduce to draw in the net to operate to avoid plunderring.
(7) zander fry was through the cultivation of 12��18 months, and body weight, up to 0.05��0.75kg/ tail, fish length 20��22, now can proceed to marketable fish cultivation.
The present invention is that technical staff is through test of many times, by zander fry long for the fish body 3 bought from breeding nursery, through the cultivation of 12��18 months, cultivate 20 long, can ingest after complete compound granular feed completely, proceeding to marketable fish cultivation again, the survival rate of fingerling is to more than 96%, highly in industry promotion and application.
Claims (1)
1. the factory culturing method of a zander fingerling, it is characterised in that: concretely comprising the following steps of the method:
(1) fry is chosen: choose the high-quality zander fry that fish body total length is 3;
(2) select industrial seedling rearing workshop, full pipeline mode: nursery pond adopt �� 2m glass jar, the depth of water controls 30��50, fry breeding density be 200 tails/;
(3) cultivation water: select water temperature stability 16��20 DEG C, water quality is pure and fresh and water quality meets the regulation of GB11607, dissolved oxygen amount at the well water of 5mg/l, spring water or cavern water;
(4) sanitized of fry and breeding process:
(1) fish body is embathed 5��10 minutes by the NaCl solution of 3 �� when fry enters pond;
(2) within entering pond 30 days every 7 days, fish body is embathed 10��20 minutes by the NaCl solution of 8 �� at Yuan Chi;
(3) within after entering pond 30 days every 15 days, fish body is embathed 10��20 minutes by the NaCl solution of 8 �� at Yuan Chi;
(4) the Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri class living bait used by is used that the NaCl solution of 10��15 �� is embathed 5 minutes and removes the evil;
(5) food is tamed and dociled:
(1) making of bait and feeding method:
Fry enters did not throw something and feed the same day in pond;
2nd��4 day, the Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri after disinfection of entirely throwing something and feeding;
Within 5th��7 day, make pasty state in the ratio of full price mash feed 10%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 90%, feed with brush brush; Within 8th��10 day, make pasty state in full price mash feed 20%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 80% ratio to throw something and feed;
Within 11st��13 day, make pasty state in full price mash feed 40%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 60% ratio to throw something and feed;
Within 14th��19 day, make pasty state in full price mash feed 50%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 50% ratio to throw something and feed;
Within 20th��23 day, make pasty state in full price mash feed 70%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 30% ratio to throw something and feed;
Within 24th��30 day, make dough in the ratio of full price mash feed 90%+ Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri 10% to throw something and feed;
Just can directly throw something and feed after 30th day complete compound granular feed;
(2) throw something and feed number of times: during fish body total length 3��6, throw something and feed every day 5 times; During fish body total length 7��10, throw something and feed every day 4 times; During fish body total length 10��20, throw something and feed every day 3 times;
(3) amount of raising is thrown: the forage volume every time thrown something and fed supports flexibly and holds, and controls to eat up in 20 minutes;
(6) feeding and management: the best cultivation temperature range of zander fish is 16 DEG C��20 DEG C, and fishpond filled new water 30cm every 10 days, discharged waste water simultaneously, to control water quality, kept the salubrious of pond water quality; Summer, for controlling water temperature, can build sunshade, sunshade net class cooling installation above pond, or at pond water surface aquaculture Herba Eichhorniae etc., but it is noted that minimizing draws in the net to operate disturbs fish body to plunder;
(7) zander fry was through the cultivation of 12��18 months, and body weight, up to 0.05��0.75kg/ tail, fish length 20��22, now can proceed to marketable fish cultivation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510990039.7A CN105613367B (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2015-12-28 | A kind of factory culturing method of zander fingerling |
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| CN201510990039.7A CN105613367B (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2015-12-28 | A kind of factory culturing method of zander fingerling |
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| CN105613367B CN105613367B (en) | 2018-04-03 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113412801A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-09-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Simple method for rapidly domesticating zander |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113412801A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-09-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Simple method for rapidly domesticating zander |
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