CN105601590B - 丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体锆金属络合物的合成及应用 - Google Patents

丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体锆金属络合物的合成及应用 Download PDF

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CN105601590B
CN105601590B CN201610107321.0A CN201610107321A CN105601590B CN 105601590 B CN105601590 B CN 105601590B CN 201610107321 A CN201610107321 A CN 201610107321A CN 105601590 B CN105601590 B CN 105601590B
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王丽英
曹珍珠
孙俊民
张永锋
王宝龙
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Inner Mongolia University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种对称丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体锆络合物及在内酯开环聚合中的应用。其制备方法如下:将配体(I)与Zr(OiPr)4的摩尔比为2∶1进行反应,然后从反应产物中收集目标产物(II)。本发明所阐述的锆络合物含有两个丙胺吗啉类配体,是一种有效的内酯开环聚合催化剂,可用于己内酯、丙交酯等内酯的开环聚合反应。本发明的丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体锆络合物的优点十分明显:原料易得,合成路线简单,分离纯化容易,同时具有高催化活性,单体与催化剂摩尔比达到15万以上。催化所得的聚内酯具有较高分子量,较窄的分子量分布,能够满足工业部门的需要。其结构具有以下通式。

Description

丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体锆金属络合物的合成及应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一类含有对称丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体的金属锆络合物,以及这类络合物在内酯开环聚合中超高催化活性(单体与催化剂摩尔比达到15万以上)的应用。
背景技术
“白色污染”已成为当今危害环境的世界性的公害。在农业、包装业、医疗行业等领域中的塑料制品并不需要太长的使用周期,因此研究开发和使用可降解材料、解决白色污染成为人们关心的焦点。
聚乳酸(PLA,又称聚丙交酯),是一种具有很好的生物降解性能,同时也具有良好的生物相容性和生物可吸收性的聚合物,因而广泛应用于生物医药领域象药物载体、外科缝合线、骨骼固定装置等,也可替代以石油化工为基础的传统塑料用作农用覆盖膜、包装材料、日用器具等。
四族金属钛、锆和铪络合物是研究较早的烯烃催化剂,但是随着内酯聚合研究迅速发展,这些催化剂也被应用到丙交酯聚合的研究当中。近年来国内外研究者对四族金属络合物催化丙交酯聚合进行了大量的研究。
EmmaL等人合成了一系列的不对称氨基锆络合物,在对外消旋丙交酯的开环聚合研究中发现,得到的聚合物具有较窄的分子量分布,以及较大的分子量(42400g/mol)。(Inorg.Chem.2010,49,7176-7181)。
Luis G.Alves等人合成了四配位对称锆络合物,并且对外消旋丙交酯的开环聚合进行了进一步研究。得到分子量分子量分布范围较窄的聚合物(PDI=1.11-1.17)。(DaltonTrans.,2012,41,14288)。
Charles Romain等人合成了具有高活性和高选择性的N-杂环卡宾锆络合物。这类络合物具有对称结构。在对其催化外消旋丙交酯的开环聚合研究的过程中发现,得到的聚合物有很窄的分子量分布(1.02-1.08)和很高的选择性(Pr>0.95)。(Chem.Commun.,2012,48,2213-2215)。
Thomas R.Forder等人报道合成了不对称胺基双酚类锆络合物,并且对该类络合物的催化活性进行了研究。得到的聚合物有较窄的分子量分布,有较高的杂规选择性(Pr=0.69-0.72)(Dalton Trans.,2014,43,12095-12099)。
Hui-Ju Chuang等人报道合成了苯并三唑酚类锆络合物。在丙交酯的开环聚合研究中发现,所得到的聚合物具有较高的分子量和较窄的分子量分布。(Dalton Trans.,2015,44,598-607)。
综上所述,金属锆络合物是内酯开环聚合的有效催化剂,设计合成新型结构的锆金属络合物将揭示新型催化剂在丙交酯开环聚合反应中的构效关系,为实现金属有机络合物催化丙交酯立体选择性聚合,特别是等规聚合提供理论依据,为推动等规聚丙交酯的工业应用奠定实验基础。
发明内容
本发明目之一在于公开一类对称丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体金属锆的络合物,以丰富现在催化聚合技术。
本发明目的之二在于公开对称丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体金属锆络合物作为高活性催化剂在内酯开环聚合反应中的应用。
本发明的技术构思:
本发明尝试用2倍的对称丙胺吗啉类配体与四异丙氧基锆反应,在配体芳环上引入各种不同取代基,调节电子和空间效应,引入对称配体结构,使之在聚合条件下更好地识别单体,从而提高立体选择性。实验结果表明,通过改变配体结构和聚合条件,这类锆化合物能够产生较高分子量、较窄分子量分布的聚内酯。
本发明提供的对称丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体金属锆的络合物(II),其特征在于,具有以下通式:
式(I)、(II)中:
R1~R2为氢或C1~C4直链、支链结构的烷基、烷氧基、枯基或卤素。R1~R2为优选氢、甲基、叔丁基、枯基或卤素。
本发明的对称丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体金属锆络合物(II)制备方法如下步骤:
将式(II)所示的芳香酚、丙胺吗啉和甲醛在乙醇中反应,回流温度,反应时间为12小时,然后从反应产物中收集化合物(I)。
芳香酚与丙胺吗啉的摩尔比为1∶1。
再将式(I)所示的对称丙胺吗啉双酚类配体化合物与异丙氧基锆在有机介质中反应,生成对称对称丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体锆络合物,反应温度为回流温度,然后从反应产物中收集目标化合物(I)。
对称丙胺吗啉双酚类配体化合物与异丙氧基锆的摩尔比为2∶1。
所述的有机介质选自四氢呋喃、甲醇、乙醇、甲苯、苯、正己烷、正戊烷和石油醚中的一种。
对称对称丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体金属锆络合物的应用,其特征在于,用于己内酯、丙交酯或β-丁内酯等内酯的开环聚合。
本发明所述的对称对称丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体金属锆络合物是一种高效的内酯开环聚合催化剂,使内酯为己内酯、L-丙交酯、rac-丙交酯聚合时催化剂与单体摩尔比为1∶500~154889。
改变聚合条件,催化剂的聚合活性有不同程度的改变。最优聚合条件为:聚合温度为160℃条件下熔融聚合;聚合时间为5~31h。
本发明提供的催化剂原料易得,制备方便,性质稳定,同时具有较高的催化活性,易获得超高分子量及分布较窄的聚内酯。能够满足工业部门的需要,有着广泛的应用前景。下面通过实例进一步说明本发明,但本发明不限于此。
具体实施方式:
实施例1
合成配体化合物L1
在100mL三口烧瓶中加入多聚甲醛(0.60g,0.02mol),15mL无水乙醇,2,4,-二叔丁基苯酚(2.06g,9.984mmol),加一滴冰乙酸搅拌15分钟,再加N-胺丙基吗啉(0.79g,5.478mmol),加热回流12小时。将溶液冷却转移到100ml锥形瓶中,静置结晶,得到产物为白色针状晶体,即配体L1。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.96(s,2H,ArOH),7.23(d,J=2.0Hz,2H,ArH),6.89(d,J=1.8Hz,2H,ArH),3.88(t,J=4.5Hz,4H,NCH2CH2O),3.60(s,4H,ArCH2N),2.60(t,J=6.2Hz,2H,NCH2CH2CH2N),2.55(s,4H,NCH2CH2O),2.46-2.42(m,2H,NCH2CH2CH2N),1.80(dt,J=11.5,5.9Hz,2H,NCH2CH2CH2N),1.40(d,J=9.6Hz,18H,Ar-C(CH3)3),1.28(s,18H,Ar-C(CH3)3).13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ152.55(s),140.87(s),135.86(s),125.14(s),123.48(s),121.12(s)(all Ar-C),65.86(s)(NCH2CH2O),58.37(s)(NCH2CH2O),57.50(s)(ArCH2N),54.54(s)(NCH2CH2CH2N),54.23(s)(NCH2CH2CH2N),34.89(s)(Ar-C(CH3)3),34.10(s)(Ar-C(CH3)3),31.65(s)(Ar-C(CH3)3),29.63(s)(NCH2CH2CH2N),21.84(s)(ArCH3).
实施例2
合成络合物C1
在氩气保护下,于100mL Schlenk瓶内加入L1(0.9294g,1.6mmol),甲苯20mL,室温条件下加入Zr(OiPr)4(0.3102g,0.8mmol),室温搅拌4小时,溶液呈无色。浓缩后放入-40℃冰箱,得白色晶体。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.82(d,J=8.1Hz,1H,Ar-H),7.60(dd,J=7.7,7.1Hz,1H,Ar-H),7.49(dd,J=13.3,5.4Hz,1H,Ar-H),7.22(d,J=2.1Hz,1H,Ar-H),7.20-7.16(m,1H,Ar-H),7.10(d,J=2.1Hz,1H,Ar-H),7.02(d,J=2.1Hz,1H,Ar-H),6.97(d,J=2.0Hz,1H,Ar-H),4.92(d,J=13.6Hz,2H,ArCH2N),4.61(d,J=12.8Hz,2H,ArCH2N),3.65(d,J=12.9Hz,2H,ArCH2N),3.59(d,J=13.6Hz,2H,ArCH2N),3.50(dd,J=11.7,5.4Hz,8H,NCH2CH2O),2.81(td,J=13.3,3.8Hz,2H,NCH2CH2CH2N),2.70(td,J=13.2,3.9Hz,2H,NCH2CH2CH2N),2.10(s,4H,NCH2CH2CH2N),2.06-1.93(m,8H,NCH2CH2O),1.86(dd,J=11.7,4.9Hz,2H,NCH2CH2CH2N),1.67(dd,J=11.9,7.6Hz,2H,NCH2CH2CH2N),1.41(s,18H,Ar-C(CH3)3),1.28(s,18H,Ar-C(CH3)3),1.27(s,18H,Ar-C(CH3)3),0.97(s,18H,Ar-C(CH3)3).
实施例3
氩气保护下,于20mLSchlenk瓶中加0.4571g rac-丙交酯,0.1mL甲苯,再加入所述的催化剂C1,[Zr]0∶[rac-LA]0=1∶500,160℃搅拌反应5h。降温终止反应,过滤后将聚合物在60℃真空干燥12小时。单体转化率:86%,分子量Mn=5.56×104,PDI=1.42,Pr=0.64。
实施例4
氩气保护下,于20mL Schlenk瓶中加0.1828g rac-丙交酯,0.1mL甲苯,再加入所述的催化剂C1,[Zr]0∶[rac-LA]0=1∶15486,160℃搅拌反应11.5h。降温终止反应,过滤后将聚合物在60℃真空干燥12小时。单体转化率:63%,分子量为4.20×104,分子量分布为1.45,Pr=0.65。
实施例5
氩气保护下,于20mL Schlenk瓶中加0.3657g rac-丙交酯,0.1mL甲苯,再加入所述的催化剂C1,[Zr]0∶[rac-LA]0=1∶30980,160℃搅拌反应11.5h。降温终止反应,过滤后将聚合物在60℃真空干燥12小时。单体转化率:57%,分子量为4.58×104,分子量分布为1.48,Pr=0.71。
实施例6
氩气保护下,于20mL Schlenk瓶中加0.5485g rac-丙交酯,0.1mL甲苯,再加入所述的催化剂C1,[Zr]0∶[rac-LA]0=1∶46465,160℃搅拌反应10.5h。降温终止反应,过滤后将聚合物在60℃真空干燥12小时。单体转化率:55%,分子量Mn=4.64×104,PDI=1.43,Pr=0.66。
实施例7
氩气保护下,于20mL Schlenk瓶中加0.9142g rac-丙交酯,0.1mL甲苯,再加入所述的催化剂C1,[Zr]0∶[rac-LA]0=1∶77445,160℃搅拌反应10.5h。降温终止反应,过滤后将聚合物在60℃真空干燥12小时。单体转化率:53%,分子量为4.93×104,分子量分布为1.46,Pr=0.67。
实施例8
氩气保护下,于20mL Schlenk瓶中加1.8284g rac-丙交酯,0.1mL甲苯,再加入所述的催化剂C1,[Zr]0∶[rac-LA]0=1∶154889,160℃搅拌反应20h。降温终止反应,过滤后将聚合物在60℃真空干燥12小时。单体转化率:48%,分子量为4.76×104,分子量分布为1.48,Pr=0.67。
实施例10
氩气保护下,于20mL Schlenk瓶中加0.1828g L-丙交酯,0.1mL甲苯,再加入所述的催化剂C1,[Zr]0∶[L-LA]0=1∶15486,160℃搅拌反应26h。降温终止反应,过滤后将聚合物在60℃真空干燥12小时。单体转化率:80%,分子量为1.71×104,分子量分布为1.50。
实施例11
氩气保护下,于20mL Schlenk瓶中加0.5485g L-丙交酯,0.1mL甲苯,再加入所述的催化剂C1,[Zr]0∶[L-LA]0=1∶46465,160℃搅拌反应26h。降温终止反应,过滤后将聚合物在60℃真空干燥12小时。单体转化率:74%,分子量为1.78×104,分子量分布为1.36。
实施例12
氩气保护下,于20mL Schlenk瓶中加0.9142g L-丙交酯,0.1mL甲苯,再加入所述的催化剂C1,[Zr]0∶[L-LA]0=1∶77445,160℃搅拌反应31h。降温终止反应,过滤后将聚合物在60℃真空干燥12小时。单体转化率:63%,分子量为1.70×104,分子量分布为1.33。
实施例13
氩气保护下,于20mL Schlenk瓶中加1.8284g L-丙交酯,0.1mL甲苯,再加入所述的催化剂C1,[Zr]0∶[L-LA]0=1∶154889,160℃搅拌反应31h。降温终止反应,过滤后将聚合物在60℃真空干燥12小时。单体转化率:65%,分子量Mn=1.76×104,PDI=1.27。

Claims (4)

1.一种对称四齿丙胺吗啉双酚类金属锆的络合物(II),其特征在于,具有以下通式:
式(II)中:
R1~R2为氢或C1~C4直链、支链结构的烷基、烷氧基或卤素。
2.根据权利要求1所述的对称丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体金属锆络合物,其特征在于,R1~R2为氢、甲基、叔丁基、枯基或卤素。
3.权利要求1~2任一项所述的对称丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体金属锆络合物的应用,其特征在于,用于己内酯、丙交酯或β-丁内酯的开环聚合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,以1~3任一项所述的对称丙胺吗啉类六配位双配体金属锆络合物为催化剂,使内酯如己内酯或丙交酯在160℃下聚合,聚合时催化剂与单体摩尔比为1∶500~154889,聚合时间为5~31h。
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