CN105593549A - 恒速万向接头 - Google Patents

恒速万向接头 Download PDF

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CN105593549A
CN105593549A CN201480050112.6A CN201480050112A CN105593549A CN 105593549 A CN105593549 A CN 105593549A CN 201480050112 A CN201480050112 A CN 201480050112A CN 105593549 A CN105593549 A CN 105593549A
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spheroid
joint part
moment
groove
center
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CN105593549B (zh
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李铉一
李章瑄
金东震
郑宰升
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Yi Lai Automotive Electronic Chassis System Co Ltd
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Korea Delphi Automotive Systems Corporation)
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/2237—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts where the grooves are composed of radii and adjoining straight lines, i.e. undercut free [UF] type joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D2003/22303—Details of ball cages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D2003/22309—Details of grooves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S464/00—Rotary shafts, gudgeons, housings, and flexible couplings for rotary shafts
    • Y10S464/904—Homokinetic coupling
    • Y10S464/906—Torque transmitted via radially spaced balls

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Steering Controls (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种恒速万向接头包括：设置有多个外球体槽的外接头部件；设置有分别对应于多个外球体槽的多个内球体槽的内接头部件；多个力矩传递球体，每个力矩传递球体分别由一对外球体槽和内球体槽引导；以及用于容纳多个力矩传递球体的球体保持器。外球体槽和内球体槽分别具有通过连接相互不同的形状而形成的双重形状，并且偏移值(O)相对于距离(H)的比率(O/H)在0.07至0.11的范围内，所述偏移值(O)为在外接头部件和内接头部件形成零(0)度角的状态下连接多个力矩传递球体的中心的线与外球体槽的曲线的中心点之间的距离，所述距离(H)为在外接头部件和内接头部件形成零(0)度角的状态下在内接头部件的中心线和力矩传递球体的中心之间的距离。

Description

恒速万向接头
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于车辆的恒速万向接头。
背景技术
恒速万向接头包括具有外球体槽的外接头部件、具有内球体槽的内接头部件、被设置为通过一对外球体槽和内球体槽分别被引导的力矩传递球体以及包括力矩传递球体的球体保持器。该恒速万向接头可介于传动装置和驱动轮之间，以实现传递力矩的功能。
恒速万向接头的球体槽可通过将具有不同形状的部分接合被形成，以便具有双重形状，并且具有较大的关节角(例如，大于50度)。
在传统的较大关节角的恒速万向接头中，偏移值O和距离H的比率O/H通常在0.13至0.15的范围中，其中偏移值O是在外接头部件和内接头部件形成0度角的状态下，外球体槽的拐点和连接力矩传递球体中心的线之间的距离，并且距离H为在外接头部件和内接头部件形成0度角的状态下，在内接头部件的中心线和球体的中心之间的距离。
然而，在较大关节角的恒速万向接头中，具有在该范围中的O/H比率值的接头具有巨大的能量损耗。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明已致力于提供较大关节角恒速万向接头，其能通过优化上述比率O/H减少能量损耗。
技术方案
根据本发明的示例实施方式的恒速万向接头包括：具有多个外球体槽的外接头部件；具有分别对应于多个外球体槽的多个内球体槽的内接头部件；多个力矩传递球体，它们通过一对外球体槽和内球体槽被分别引导；以及包括多个力矩传递球体的球体保持器。外球体槽和内球体槽分别具有通过连接不同形状形成的双重形状，并且偏移值O和距离H的比率O/H在0.07至0.11的范围中，其中，偏移值O是在外接头部件和内接头部件形成0度角的状态下，外球体槽的拐点和连接力矩传递球体的中心的线之间的距离，并且距离H为在外接头部件和内接头部件形成0度角的状态下，在内接头部件的中心线和力矩传递球体的中心之间的距离。
球体保持器可被形成为，使得接触力矩传递球体的接触点被定位于从接触表面的内端部到外端部的1/12到1/8之间的点处。
内接头部件可被形成为，能够相对于外接头部件被大于50度地关节连接。
拐点可被从连接力矩传递球体的中心的线朝向外接头部件的开口侧偏移。
有益效果
根据本发明，通过适当地控制偏移值O和距离H的比率O/H，能量传递效率能被提高，并且同时能防止锁定，其中，偏移值O是在外接头部件和内接头部件形成0度角的状态下，外球体槽的拐点和连接力矩传递球体的中心的线之间的距离，并且距离H为在外接头部件和内接头部件形成0度角的状态下，在内接头部件的中心线和力矩传递球体的中心之间的距离。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的实施方式的恒速万向接头的示意性剖视图。
图2是根据本发明的实施方式的恒速万向接头的球体槽和球体的尺寸的关系说明图。
图3是根据本发明的实施方式的恒速万向接头的球体槽和球体的接触的说明图。
附图标记说明
10:外接头部件
11:外球体槽
20:内接头部件
21:内球体槽
30:力矩传递球体
40:球体保持器
具体实施方式
将参考附图在下文详细地描述本发明的实施方式。
根据本发明的实施方式的恒速万向接头包括外接头部件10和内机头部件20。恒速万向接头可实现将传动装置的能量传递到驱动轮的功能，并且外接头部件10可被连接到驱动轮，并且内接头部件20可通过连接轴100被连接到传动装置。此时，内接头部件20被连接到连接轴100，以便与其一同旋转，并且固定环110可介于内接头部件20和连接轴100之间，用于沿轴方向的固定。
根据本发明的实施方式的恒速万向接头可为具有在外接头部件10和内接头部件20之间的较大关节角(例如，大于50度)的恒速万向接头。
外接头部件10可具有其一侧是开口的形状，以便接收内接头部件20，并且内接头部件20以可旋转预定的角度的状态被设置在外接头部件10中。
多个外球体槽11沿周向方向被形成在外接头部件10的内表面上，并且多个内球体槽21沿周向方向被形成在内接头部件20的外表面上。
多个力矩传递球体30被分别设置为，由一对外球体槽11和内球体槽21引导。即是，外球体槽11和内球体槽21作为一对协同操作，并且协同地接收力矩传递球体30。因此，各个力矩传递球体30被设置在由一对外球体槽11和内球体槽21形成的空间中，以在预定的范围中可移动，以实现力矩传递功能。
力矩传递球体30被保持在球体保持器40中。球体保持器40包括用于保持多个力矩传递球体30的多个窗状开口41。球体保持器40介于外接头部件10和内接头部件10之间，并且通常可具有环形形状，并且各个窗状开口41可通过在径向方向上穿孔而形成。
外球体槽11和内球体槽21分别通过连接两个不同的形状被形成，以便具有双重形状。即是，外球体槽11包括具有第一形状的部分S1和具有与第一形状不同的第二形状的部分S2，并且内球体槽21被相似地通过结合具有不同形状的两个部分形成，以便具有双重形状。此时，内球体槽21的具有不同形状的两个部分的布置与外球体槽11的两个部分相对设置。
根据本发明的实施方式，偏移值O和距离H的比率O/H在0.07至0.11的范围内，其中，偏移值O是在外接头部件10和内接头部件20形成0度角的状态下，外球体槽11的拐点C和连接力矩传递球体30的中心BC的线之间的距离，并且距离H为在外接头部件10和内接头部件20形成0度角的状态下(即是，图1所示的状态)，在内接头部件20的中心线和力矩传递球体30的中心之间的距离。这里，拐点C表示具有不同形状的两个部分S1和S2相交的点。
此时，如图1所示，拐点C可被从连接力矩传递球体30的中心的线朝向外接头部件10的开口侧(图1中的右侧)偏移。在该偏移方向下，外接头部件10的线性部分随着其向开口侧延伸的变宽比相反的偏移方向更小，外接头部件10的外周向的尺寸大小减小，并且因此，整体包装的重量和尺寸减小。另外，如果外接头部件10的球体槽随着其向开口侧延伸变宽得越多，用于限制力矩传递球体的球体保持器40的厚度应该增加得越多，并且支撑力矩传递球体的部分的高度降低，以致球体槽可能被压坏，然而，这些问题可通过本发明的实施方式的偏移方向被防止。
如此，根据本发明的实施方式，两个值的比率O/H在0.07至0.11的范围内，并且考虑到用于产品的制造和组装的尺寸间隙(大约20微米)，下限0.07是用于防止锁定的最小值，并且上限0.11是用于实现比传统的偏移率(大约0.13至0.15)增加大约5％的效率的值。如此，本发明的实施方式基于发现了这样的事实：力矩传递效率根据偏移值O和距离H的比率O/H而变化，其中，偏移值O是在外接头部件10和内接头部件20形成0度角的状态下，外球体槽11的拐点C和连接力矩传递球体30的中心BC的线之间的距离，并且距离H为在外接头部件10和内接头部件20形成0度角的状态下，在内接头部件20的中心线和力矩传递球体30的中心之间的距离，并且该比率被最优地设置为选择力矩传递效率能增加且锁定能被防止的范围。
同时，根据本发明的实施方式，参考图2，限制力矩传递球体30的外球体槽11和内球体槽12的侧端部的高度OH和IH可大于力矩传递球体30的半径BR的2/3。其理由是，球体的接触点外侧的余量能够存在，以便防止当负载以力矩传递球体30的30至40度的接触角度作用时的归因于力矩传递球30的槽的变形。
同时，参考图3，球体保持器40可被形成为，使得接触力矩传递球体30的接触点被定位于在从接触表面的内端部CI到外端部CO的1/12到1/8之间的点处。即是，在图3中，在球体保持器40的接触表面的内端部CI和球体接触点之间的距离是球体保持器40的接触表面的内端部CI和外端部CO的距离的1/12到1/8。进一步，根据本发明的实施方式，用于球体保持器40的周向空间可为力矩传递球体30的总的旋转方向运动量的1.2到1.4倍。在实际操作中，在0至50度的关节角中，力矩传递球体30以假分数的8字形移动，并且为了实现50度的关节角，其被设计为，球体保持器40和力矩传递球体30的接触(在0度)是向下的。由于这些值，能实现较大的关节角。
尽管本发明已联系目前被认为是实际的示例实施方式地被描述，应理解的是，本发明并不被限制于公开的实施方式，但相反地，旨在覆盖被包括在所附权利要求的主旨和范围中的多种修改和等同的布置。
工业适用性
本发明涉及一种恒速接头，并且能被应用于车辆的一部分，因此它具有工业适用性。

Claims (4)

1.一种恒速万向接头，其包括：
外接头部件，所述外接头部件具有多个外球体槽；
内接头部件，所述内接头部件具有多个内球体槽，所述多个内球体槽分别对应于多个外球体槽；
多个力矩传递球体，所述力矩传递球体分别由一对外球体槽和内球体槽引导；以及
球体保持器，所述球体保持器保持多个力矩传递球体，
其中所述外球体槽和内球体槽分别具有双重形状，该双重形状通过连接不同的形状而形成，并且
其中，偏移值(O)与距离(H)的比率(O/H)在0.07至0.11的范围内，其中，所述偏移值(O)是在所述外接头部件和所述内接头部件形成零(0)度角的状态下，所述外球体槽的拐点和连接所述力矩传递球体的中心的线之间的距离，并且所述距离(H)为在所述外接头部件和所述内接头部件形成零(0)度角的状态下，在所述内接头部件的中心线和所述力矩传递球体的中心之间的距离。
2.根据权利要求1所述的恒速万向接头，其中，所述球体保持器被形成为，使得接触力矩传递球体的接触点被定位于在接触表面的从内端部到外端部的1/12到1/8之间的点处。
3.根据权利要求1所述的恒速万向接头，其中，所述内接头部件被形成为，能够相对于外连接部件被大于50度地关节连接。
4.根据权利要求1所述的恒速万向接头，其中，所述拐点被从连接力矩传递球体的中心的线朝向所述外接头部件的开口侧偏移。
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