CN105580674A - Technology for controlling late spring coldness harm to winter wheat - Google Patents
Technology for controlling late spring coldness harm to winter wheat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105580674A CN105580674A CN201510967427.3A CN201510967427A CN105580674A CN 105580674 A CN105580674 A CN 105580674A CN 201510967427 A CN201510967427 A CN 201510967427A CN 105580674 A CN105580674 A CN 105580674A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cold spell
- cold
- spring
- later spring
- later
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000009746 freeze damage Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- HHVIBTZHLRERCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonyldimethane Chemical compound CS(C)(=O)=O HHVIBTZHLRERCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000246 remedial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- OICGFSUWXCJLCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethylsulfonylsulfanylethane Chemical compound CCSS(=O)(=O)CC OICGFSUWXCJLCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010059410 Faecaluria Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- FFSJPOPLSWBGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazol-4-one Chemical compound O=C1C=NN=N1 FFSJPOPLSWBGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 208000009084 Cold Injury Diseases 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000002595 cold damage Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010023126 Jaundice Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/06—Devices for generating heat, smoke or fog in gardens, orchards or forests, e.g. to prevent damage by frost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a technology for controlling late spring coldness harm to winter wheat. According to a late spring coldness forming mechanism of winter wheat, good seeds and a good method are matched, preventive coping and remediation measures are combined, forming of cold injury of late spring coldness is controlled, late spring coldness harm is reduced, the technology includes the steps that late-spring-coldness-resistant varieties are selected, preventing measures are taken, it is hindered that cold air and currently warm air form a convection peak so that forming of cold injury of late spring coldness can be controlled, remediation measures are taken, the number of tillers is increased, quality of the tillers is improved, and stem loss is compensated for. By means of the technology, cold injury of late spring coldness is relieved or avoided, the number of the tillers per mu is increased, the number of spikes per mu is increased, the number of grains per spike and thousand kernel weight are increased, and the technology has great significance in the Huang-huai wheat region, in particular to late spring coldness control over wheat in the Shandong wheat region.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology of controlling the harm of winter wheat cold spell in later spring, specifically one is utilized the supporting control of breeding good method winter wheat cold spell in later springThe technology of harm. Belong to agriculture field.
Background technology
Cold spell in later spring (Latespringcoldness), refers to that the early spring, (referring generally to March) temperature went up comparatively fast, and (refers generally to 4 in the later stage in springThe moon or May) temperature compared with normal time weather phenomenon on the low side. Long-term rainy weather or cold air invasion and attack frequently, or under lasting cold anticyclone controlThe cooling cold spell in later spring that easily causes of intense radiation at sunny night. The early spring climate variability. If cold air is stronger, can make temperature suddenly be down to below 10 DEG C, evenSleety weather. Be often now genial sunshine on daytime, allow people have the sensation of one " warm braw is smoked that visitor is liquor-saturated ", but The chill entered into the very flesh of the men sooner or later, allows people doublyFeel " there is a chill in the air in early spring ". This people of making is difficult to " apt to change " weather adapting to, and is exactly usually said cold spell in later spring. To agricultural production and the resident living utmost pointEasily cause adverse effect.
Cold spell in later spring is a kind of common weather phenomenon, and not only China exists, and there are generation in Japan, Korea, India and the U.S. etc., and it forms reasonAnd uncomplicated. In China's spring (before and after March) is changed into wet monsoon just transition period by dry monsoon, often there is the intermittence of coming from the Northwest therebetweenProperty cold air invasion and attack, it is at a stalemate that cold air is gone down south with southern warm-humid air, forms Persistent Low Temperature rainy weather. In general, when mean of dekan temperature ratioThroughout the year on the low side more than 2 DEG C, just there will be comparatively serious cold spell in later spring. And cold air go down south more late stronger, cooling scope is wider, occurs cold spell in later springPossibility is just larger.
Shandong Mai Qu is one of important area of China's Wheat Production, plays an important role to ensureing that national food is produced. But in recent years, byOccur frequently in natural calamity, especially Early spring freezing injury (cold spell in later spring), has caused larger impact to Shandong Wheat Production.
Cold spell in later spring is very large on wheat impact, can cause unit spike number, grain number per spike obviously to decline, and causes the underproduction even to have no harvest. Wheat endure cold degree withCold spell in later spring time of origin, duration, cooling extent, lowest temperature absolute value, soil moisture content, cultivation management level, breediness etc. are phase closelyClose, time of origin is more late, and the duration is longer, cooling extent is larger, lowest temperature absolute value is heavier to wheat harm more greatly.
The freeze injury of wheat cold spell in later spring is mainly manifested in stem, tillers and young fringe is endured cold greatly. Blade is slightly withered, and external symptom performance is not obvious. Children's fringe is subject toThe order of dying of freezing to death is first stem, and rear large tiller freezes tillering that rear wheat occurs, and tillers before becoming fringe quality than the winter poor, shows as fringe type little, grain number per spikeFew, mass of 1000 kernel declines, and general mass of 1000 kernel reduces 2～6 grams.
The freeze injury of wheat cold spell in later spring can point level Four: the jaundice of enduring cold of one-level wheat plant leaf sword; The secondary wheat plant blade half of freezing to death; Three grades of wheat plantsBlade is all freezed to death withered: level Four wheat plant or tiller and freeze to death greatly.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency existing for solving prior art, the invention provides a kind of winter wheat cold spell in later spring of controlling and forms, and avoids or alleviate the method for harm winter wheat,The method is simple, small investment, safety and environmental protection, controls cold spell in later spring direct, effective, avoids or to alleviate cold spell in later spring aobvious to winter wheat harm effectWork.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the mechanism forming for winter wheat cold spell in later spring, and adopt breeding good method supporting, prevention reply is tied mutually with remedial measureClose, control the formation of cold spell in later spring freeze injury, reduce the harm of cold spell in later spring, comprise following concrete measure:
(1) select anti-fall cold spell in spring kind, select to grow early stage slow, later stage and grow that fast, late, the leaf leaflet of standing up is thin anti-fall cold spell in spring characteristics such as waxKind, Jimai 22 is selected in Shandong District;
(2) precautionary measures:
A, suitable late sowing, than about the late 18-22 of normal sowing dates days, Shandong District October 15 between November 15;
B, broadcast front many organic fertilizers and phosphorus potash fertilizer, Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer, every mu of organic fertilizer 1500-2000 kilogram, two 30 kilograms of ammoniums, potassium chloride 10Kilogram, 10 kilograms, urea, 0.1 kilogram of 1 kilogram, zinc sulfate and borax;
C, the insulation such as wheatland covering plant ash or crop material before the winter;
D, suppression in spring, carried out during 5-15 day in March;
E, Spring irrigation and early irrigation, before April 6, by filling with 40m3 water;
F, do not execute dressing of turnning green stage, topdress and be pushed into after cold spell in later spring; If the current year is without cold spell in later spring, can during April 20 to May 10, topdress;
G, according to weather forecast, cold spell in later spring arrive before, adopt 500 grams of sucrose or dimethyl sulfone or polyethylene glycol to convert 40 kg of water and spray wheatland;
(3) formation of control cold spell in later spring freeze injury
The mechanism forming for cold spell in later spring, hinders cold air and existing compared with warm air formation convection current cutting edge of a knife or a sword, controls the formation of cold spell in later spring freeze injury, concrete measureAs follows:
A, division cold spell in later spring control plot, in winter wheat region, Shandong, north and south, apart from 20-40 rice, exceedes and divides other 1 control plot;
B, arrange 380V cable in control plot north, cable is copper core, and rugosity is that electric fan number is multiplied by 1 millimeter; East-west direction is established every 10 metersPut 1 electric fan waterproof socket and electric fan; Electric fan is selected powerful industrial stand fan, power 1KW, 1 meter of height;
C, grasp cold spell in later spring pests occurrence rule, listen to and use cold late spring forecast; Cold spell in later spring is fixed on stand fan anti-before arriving 3 hoursControl north, plot, plug in;
D, make cigarette heap: first insert a basic stake, timber spreads one deck dried firewood grass around, upper cover one deck faggot that wets, the thin mud of one deck is smeared on surface; Cigarette heapNumber is according to 1-3 cigarette heap of 1 dispersed configuration of electric fan;
E, cold spell in later spring come then, and stand fan is met to cold air arriving direction, and opening power, starts electric fan;
F, extract timber, ignition substance is dropped in hole and lighted a fire, just can give off a large amount of smog;
After G, cold air strong convection finish, close electric fan, recall relevant devices; Extinguish sootiness;
(4) remedial measure, increases tiller number, improves the quality of tillering, and makes up stem loss
A, fertilising, the freeze injury of wheat generation one-level can every mu execute 20 kilograms, urea, separately add 15 kilograms of 40% NPKs, the ratio of nitrogen phosphorus potassium isN: P2O5: K2O=15: 15: 15; The freeze injury of wheat generation secondary, except using chemical fertilizer, also should every mu execute the fertilizers such as people and animals' fecaluria or barnyard manure notBe less than 750 kilograms; There is three grades or the freeze injury of level Four level in wheat, also wants every mu to add organic fertilizer and be no less than 1200 kilograms, and use cycocel,Root taking sprout strengthening agent, potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc. 2-3 time, can be every 5-7 days root outer sprayings, to promote its fast quick-recovery growth;
B, water, in the time that cold spell in later spring arrives or carry out Deep irrigation, 40 cubic metres every mu in conjunction with fertilising afterwards;
C, hormone regulate, and spray 10 grams of S-abscisic acids or Tianda-2116 or ABA, are watered 40 kilograms and spray;
D, diseases prevention, after winter wheat is endured cold, resistance against diseases declines, and germ is easily infected, available S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate, triazolone, carbendazim, Operand etc.Add humic acid, amino acid, organized enzyme, microelement foliage fertilizer and prevent and treat, if when disease is heavier, can every spray in 5-7 days once, connect and spray 3-4Inferior.
For reducing costs, in step (3) A, divide cold spell in later spring control plot, in winter wheat region, Shandong, 40 meters of north and south distances, exceed and divide separatelyOuter 1 control plot.
For improving prevention effect, in step (3) A, divide cold spell in later spring control plot, in winter wheat region, Shandong, 20 meters of north and south distances, exceed and drawDivide other 1 control plot.
Both reduced costs, had again good prevention effect, in step (3) A, divided cold spell in later spring control plot, in winter wheat region, Shandong, north and south distanceFrom 20 meters, exceed and divide other 1 control plot.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, alleviate or avoid the formation of cold spell in later spring freeze injury. The results showed, adopt the art of this patent can greatly reduce freezing of wheat leaf blade and plantEvil, there is not freeze injury in part.
2, can increase mu tiller number. After cold spell in later spring freeze injury occurs, mu tiller number reduces greatly. When this patent can not only make freeze injury occur, it is right to reduceThe freeze injury of tillering, also can promote the regeneration of tillering after freeze injury generation simultaneously. The power of regeneration of wheat tillering is very strong, and this patent makes full use of this physiologyFeature, improves tiller number.
3, can improve mu spike number. Mu spike number is the basis of output, and the raising of mu tiller number adds that the art of this patent promotes the management in later stage, energyThe final mu spike number that improves.
4, can improve grain number per spike and mass of 1000 kernel. The art of this patent alleviate freeze injury occur, little to the physiological effect of wheat, on grow impact little,Can alleviate the impact of freeze injury on grain number per spike and mass of 1000 kernel.
5, the art of this patent is having the Huantai experiment of Yellow River-Huai River region typical feature, to Yellow River-Huai River region, and the particularly wheat cold spell in later spring of Shandong Mai QuControl significant. Shandong Huantai is the important Experimental Base of Yellow River-Huai River region, and weather and meteorology have typicalness, and this patent carries out reality at HuantaiTest, obtained good beneficial effect, to the Yellow River and Huai He River, particularly Shandong Mai Qu provides the technology of a kind of good control winter wheat cold spell in later spring harm.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
In Huantai experiment station, Shandong, carry out the experiment of control millet cold spell in later spring. Cold spell in later spring occurs twice then, and concrete synoptic data is as follows:
In April, 2013 No. 8-9, April, 19-20 cold spell in later spring occurred, and was 8-9 day in April for the first time, and the lowest temperature is 2-3 DEG C, north wind 3-4Level; Be 19-20 day in April for the second time, the lowest temperature is 2-3 DEG C, light rain, and north wind 3-4 level, having light frost to freeze (provides money according to Shandong Meteorological BureauMaterial). Now, wheat is in the Pistil And Stamen idiophase of small ear, and cold tolerance obviously declines, and the probability of enduring cold is larger, thereby causes half fringe of wheatOr the jaundice of whole fringe portion, bleach, the phenomenon such as even can not normally ear occurs.
Adopt the scheme of control cold spell in later spring as follows:
1, select anti-fall cold spell in spring kind Jimai 22. Jimai 22 has grows slow, later stage early stage and grows that fast, late, the leaf leaflet of standing up is thin has wax etc. anti-Cold spell in later spring characteristic.
2, precautionary measures:
(1) suitable late sowing. Than normal sowing dates late about 20 days, Shandong was generally at the beginning of 11 months by the end of October. This experiment is broadcast on October 17th, 2012Kind, mu 9.6 ten thousand plants/acre of left and right of Basic Seedling
(2) broadcast front many organic fertilizers and phosphorus potash fertilizer, Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer. 1800 kilograms of every mu of organic fertilizers, two 30 kilograms of ammoniums, 10 kilograms, potassium chloride,10 kilograms, urea, 0.1 kilogram of 1 kilogram, zinc sulfate and borax.
(3) before the winter, wheatland covers the insulations such as plant ash or crop material.
(4) suppression in spring. Suppressed March 10.
(5) Spring irrigation and early irrigation, before April 6, mu is poured water 40 cubic metres.
(6) do not execute dressing of turnning green stage, topdress to be pushed into after cold spell in later spring and (if the current year is without cold spell in later spring, can at the beginning of 5 months by the end of April, topdress).
(7), according to weather forecast, cold spell in later spring adopts 500 grams of sucrose to convert 40 kg of water and sprays wheatland before arriving. Dimethyl sulfone or polyethylene glycol are alsoCan play same effect.
3, control the formation of cold spell in later spring freeze injury
The mechanism forming for cold spell in later spring, adopts the art of this patent, hinders cold air and existing compared with warm air formation convection current cutting edge of a knife or a sword, controls cold spell in later spring freeze injuryFormation, concrete measure is as follows:
(1) divide cold spell in later spring control plot, according to 20,30,40 meters of divisions of north and south distance, exceed 1 control plot of 40 meters of another divisions;
(2) at the adjacent 380V cable of arranging in north, control plot, cable rugosity is 1 millimeter of electric fan number * (copper core). East-west direction is every 10 meters of settings1 Electric fan wall socket with reduction of speed (employing waterproof socket) and electric fan, electric fan is selected powerful industrial stand fan, model FSZ-65 (power 1KW), 1 meter of height.
(3) grasp cold spell in later spring pests occurrence rule, listen to and use cold late spring forecast. Before cold spell in later spring arrives 3 hours, by each stand fan just eachPosition (fixing), plugs in.
(4) make cigarette heap: first insert a basic stake, timber spreads one deck dried firewood grass around, upper cover one deck faggot that wets, the thin mud of one deck is smeared on surface. CigaretteHeap number need determine according to landform and material (southern 10 meters of parallel electric fan, 1 electric fan 1).
(5) cold spell in later spring comes then, and stand fan is met to cold air arriving direction, and opening power, starts electric fan.
(6) extract timber, when igniting, ignition substance is dropped in hole, just can give off a large amount of smog.
(7) after cold air strong convection finishes, close electric fan, recall relevant devices; Extinguish sootiness.
4, remedial measure
(1) fertilising. Execute 20 kilograms, urea for every mu, separately add 15 kilograms of 40% NPKs (N: P2O5: K2O=15: 15: 15); Execute organic for every muFertile (as people and animals' fecaluria, barnyard manure etc.) 750 kilograms; The heavier plot of freeze injury, and use cycocel, root taking sprout strengthening agent, potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc. 3 times,Can be every 6 days root outer sprayings, to promote its fast quick-recovery growth.
(2) water. After arriving, cold spell in later spring carries out Deep irrigation, 40 cubic metres every mu in conjunction with fertilising.
(3) hormone regulates. Spray 10 grams of S-abscisic acids (or Tianda-2116 or ABA), be watered 40 kilograms and spray;
(4) diseases prevention. After winter wheat is endured cold, resistance against diseases declines, and germ is easily infected, available S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate, triazolone, carbendazim, OperandPrevent and treat Deng adding humic acid, amino acid, organized enzyme, microelement foliage fertilizer, if when disease is heavier, can every spray in 6 days once, connect and spray 3 times.
North and south arranges control plot experimental result apart from 20 meters
North and south arranges control plot experimental result apart from 30 meters
40 meters of control plot experimental results of north and south distance
Experimental result shows that the technical program can reduce cold spell in later spring freeze injury and reaches 79.5%, 80.7%, 81.6%, mu spike number, grain number per spike, mass of 1000 kernel,Mu actual production all has increase, and the increase of mu spike number significantly shows that the art of this patent can effectively reduce cold spell in later spring freeze injury, improves available tillering and finally improvesMu spike number. The art of this patent also can improve grain number per spike, mass of 1000 kernel simultaneously, in conjunction with the increase of mu spike number, has finally improved output.
Claims (4)
1. control a technology for winter wheat cold spell in later spring harm, the mechanism forming for winter wheat cold spell in later spring, adopts breeding good method supporting, and prevention is tackled and mendedThe measure of rescuing combines, and controls the formation of cold spell in later spring freeze injury, reduces the harm of cold spell in later spring, comprises following concrete measure:
(1) select anti-fall cold spell in spring kind, select to grow early stage slow, later stage and grow that fast, late, the leaf leaflet of standing up is thin anti-fall cold spell in spring characteristic kinds such as wax,Jimai 22 is selected in Shandong District;
(2) precautionary measures:
A, suitable late sowing, than about the late 18-22 of normal sowing dates days, Shandong District October 15 between November 15;
B, broadcast front many organic fertilizers and phosphorus potash fertilizer, Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer, every mu of organic fertilizer 1500-2000 kilogram, two 30 kilograms of ammoniums, 10 kilograms, potassium chloride,10 kilograms, urea, 0.1 kilogram of 1 kilogram, zinc sulfate and borax;
C, the insulation such as wheatland covering plant ash or crop material before the winter;
D, suppression in spring, carried out during 5-15 day in March;
E, Spring irrigation and early irrigation, before April 6, mu is filled with 40 cubic metres of water;
F, do not execute dressing of turnning green stage, topdress and be pushed into after cold spell in later spring; If the current year is without cold spell in later spring, can during April 20 to May 10, topdress;
G, according to weather forecast, cold spell in later spring arrive before, adopt 500 grams of sucrose or dimethyl sulfone or polyethylene glycol to convert 40 kg of water and spray wheatland;
(3) formation of control cold spell in later spring freeze injury
The mechanism forming for cold spell in later spring, hinders cold air and existing compared with warm air formation convection current cutting edge of a knife or a sword, the formation of control cold spell in later spring freeze injury, and concrete measure is as follows:
A, division cold spell in later spring control plot, in winter wheat region, Shandong, north and south, apart from 20-40 rice, exceedes and divides other 1 control plot;
B, arrange 380V cable in control plot north, cable is copper core, and rugosity is that electric fan number is multiplied by 1 millimeter; East-west direction arranges 1 every 10 metersIndividual electric fan waterproof socket and electric fan; Electric fan is selected powerful industrial stand fan, power 1KW, 1 meter of height;
C, grasp cold spell in later spring pests occurrence rule, listen to and use cold late spring forecast; Before cold spell in later spring arrives 3 hours, stand fan is fixed on to control groundPiece north, plugs in;
D, make cigarette heap: first insert a basic stake, timber spreads one deck dried firewood grass around, upper cover one deck faggot that wets, the thin mud of one deck is smeared on surface; Cigarette heap numberAccording to 1-3 cigarette heap of 1 dispersed configuration of electric fan;
E, cold spell in later spring come then, and stand fan is met to cold air arriving direction, and opening power, starts electric fan;
F, extract timber, ignition substance is dropped in hole and lighted a fire, just can give off a large amount of smog;
After G, cold air strong convection finish, close electric fan, recall relevant devices; Extinguish sootiness;
(4) remedial measure, increases tiller number, improves the quality of tillering, and makes up stem loss
A, fertilising, the freeze injury of wheat generation one-level can every mu execute 20 kilograms, urea, separately add 15 kilograms of 40% NPKs, the ratio of nitrogen phosphorus potassium isN: P2O5: K2O=15: 15: 15; The freeze injury of wheat generation secondary, except using chemical fertilizer, also should every mu execute the fertilizers such as people and animals' fecaluria or barnyard manure notBe less than 750 kilograms; There is three grades or the freeze injury of level Four level in wheat, also wants every mu to add organic fertilizer and be no less than 1200 kilograms, and use cycocel,Root taking sprout strengthening agent, potassium dihydrogen phosphate etc. 2-3 time, can be every 5-7 days root outer sprayings, to promote its fast quick-recovery growth;
B, water, in the time that cold spell in later spring arrives or carry out Deep irrigation, 40 cubic metres every mu in conjunction with fertilising afterwards;
C, hormone regulate, and spray 10 grams of S-abscisic acids or Tianda-2116 or ABA, are watered 40 kilograms and spray;
D, diseases prevention, after winter wheat is endured cold, resistance against diseases declines, and germ is easily infected, and available S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate, triazolone, carbendazim, Operand etc. add corruptionGrow acid, amino acid, organized enzyme, microelement foliage fertilizer and prevent and treat, if when disease is heavier, can every spray in 5-7 days once, connect and spray 3-4 time.
2. a kind of technology of controlling the harm of winter wheat cold spell in later spring according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (3) A, divide cold spell in later spring controlPlot, in winter wheat region, Shandong, 40 meters of north and south distances, exceed and divide other 1 control plot.
3. a kind of technology of controlling the harm of winter wheat cold spell in later spring according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (3) A, divide cold spell in later spring controlPlot, in winter wheat region, Shandong, 20 meters of north and south distances, exceed and divide other 1 control plot.
4. a kind of technology of controlling the harm of winter wheat cold spell in later spring according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (3) A, divide cold spell in later spring controlPlot, in winter wheat region, Shandong, 20 meters of north and south distances, exceed and divide other 1 control plot.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510967427.3A CN105580674B (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2015-12-22 | A technique for control winter wheat cold spell in later spring harm |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510967427.3A CN105580674B (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2015-12-22 | A technique for control winter wheat cold spell in later spring harm |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105580674A true CN105580674A (en) | 2016-05-18 |
| CN105580674B CN105580674B (en) | 2018-08-21 |
Family
ID=55920894
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510967427.3A Active CN105580674B (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2015-12-22 | A technique for control winter wheat cold spell in later spring harm |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105580674B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107484564A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-19 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of device using field drip irrigation system to crop root gas transmission under mulch film |
| CN108718956A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-11-02 | 申琳 | A method of adjusting wheat plant shape |
| CN110041120A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-23 | 河南农业大学 | Wheat resistance and high-yielding nutrient solution and its application |
| CN110999739A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-14 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | Winter wheat planting method |
| CN111201981A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-05-29 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco cultivation management and baking method for relieving cold damage based on monopotassium phosphate and sucrose |
| CN111264262A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-06-12 | 金珊珊 | Orchard protection device capable of automatically smoking and preventing frost at night |
| CN115812499A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-03-21 | 河南盛世中药产业研究院有限公司 | Method for reducing influence of late spring coldness on medicinal plant growth |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103081765A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-08 | 镇江新区雨泰香茗园艺专业合作社 | Method for preventing frost for tea garden during spring festival by aid of atomization sprinkling irrigation equipment |
| CN203723180U (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-07-23 | 吴三社 | Smoke generator |
| CN104663196A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-06-03 | 许明东 | Wind-damage and frost-damage preventive seed sowing method for crops |
-
2015
- 2015-12-22 CN CN201510967427.3A patent/CN105580674B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103081765A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-08 | 镇江新区雨泰香茗园艺专业合作社 | Method for preventing frost for tea garden during spring festival by aid of atomization sprinkling irrigation equipment |
| CN203723180U (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-07-23 | 吴三社 | Smoke generator |
| CN104663196A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-06-03 | 许明东 | Wind-damage and frost-damage preventive seed sowing method for crops |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| 夏文荣等: "预防冬小麦冻害的研究", 《中国科技信息》 * |
| 杨秋书: "冬小麦冻害成因及防治措施", 《河北农业》 * |
| 王建设等: "倒春寒后不同措施对不同类型冬小麦冻害减灾效果研究", 《科技信息》 * |
| 王长根: "冬小麦返青谨防-"倒春寒"", 《致富之友》 * |
| 肖杰: "科学应对倒春寒 努力提高小麦单位产量", 《河南农业》 * |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107484564A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-19 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of device using field drip irrigation system to crop root gas transmission under mulch film |
| CN107484564B (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2023-04-07 | 于伯成 | Device for conveying gas to crop roots under mulching film by using field drip irrigation system |
| CN108718956A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-11-02 | 申琳 | A method of adjusting wheat plant shape |
| CN110041120A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-23 | 河南农业大学 | Wheat resistance and high-yielding nutrient solution and its application |
| CN110999739A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-14 | 山东省农作物种质资源中心 | Winter wheat planting method |
| CN111201981A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-05-29 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco cultivation management and baking method for relieving cold damage based on monopotassium phosphate and sucrose |
| CN111264262A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-06-12 | 金珊珊 | Orchard protection device capable of automatically smoking and preventing frost at night |
| CN111264262B (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2023-08-25 | 南京格美达科技有限公司 | Orchard protection device capable of automatically conducting smoking and frost prevention at night |
| CN115812499A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-03-21 | 河南盛世中药产业研究院有限公司 | Method for reducing influence of late spring coldness on medicinal plant growth |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105580674B (en) | 2018-08-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105580674A (en) | Technology for controlling late spring coldness harm to winter wheat | |
| Muthuri et al. | Tree and crop productivity in Grevillea, Alnus and Paulownia-based agroforestry systems in semi-arid Kenya | |
| Abrecht et al. | The influence of water deficit prior to tassel initiation on maize growth, development and yield | |
| Aase et al. | Stubble height effects on seasonal microclimate, water balance, and plant development of no-till winter wheat | |
| CN101595798A (en) | The cultivation method of producing double cropping water bamboo in one year | |
| CN104145706B (en) | The cuttage breeding method of a kind of eagle tea tree | |
| CN107173004A (en) | Selenium-rich lotus rhizome cultural method | |
| CN102550270B (en) | A kind of method of ecological composite planting of Forsythia suspensa | |
| CN103262744A (en) | Four-season-evergreen golf lawn cultivation management and protecting method | |
| CN109328891A (en) | A kind of method of eucalyptus underwood planting Baphicanthus cusia | |
| Sheha et al. | Different wheat intercropping systems with tomato to alleviate chilling stress, increase yield and profitability | |
| CN103385075A (en) | Pepper spring advanced cultivation field management method | |
| CN107318577A (en) | A kind of cold-resistant method for culturing seedlings of northern ligustrum lucidum ait | |
| CN105284334A (en) | All-year production method for cut flowers of curcuma alismatifolia | |
| Inafuku-Teramoto et al. | Production approaches to establish effective cultivation methods for Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) under cold and semi-arid climate conditions. | |
| CN106900325A (en) | Millet, eryuelan rain support few non-ploughing growing method for white | |
| CN103404321A (en) | Pepper overwintering cultivation field management method | |
| CN104996132A (en) | Landscape barley planting method in high-altitude area | |
| CN103404325A (en) | Method for cultivating peppers in open field in spring | |
| CN104145726B (en) | Mongolia dragon spruce carries out the method for cultivating and growing in technique in Xinjiang plain area | |
| Zakir | Review on impacts of climate change on tea yield, yield components and quality | |
| Kar et al. | Radiation utilization efficiency and evaporative fraction of rainfed rice in eastern India | |
| CN109076802A (en) | Chinese rose cottage method | |
| CN109121811A (en) | Fruit tree early spring antifreeze fruit retention method | |
| CN110622769A (en) | Summer transplanting planting method for clausena lansium seedlings |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20200828 Address after: 233200 Xiaowang group, Gaoliu village, Chihe Town, Dingyuan County, Chuzhou City, Anhui Province Patentee after: Dingyuan yuchangjiang Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: 250100 Shandong Province, Ji'nan City Industrial Road No. 202 Shandong lvshen industry limited company Patentee before: SHANDONG LYUSHEN FERTILIZER INDUSTRY Co.,Ltd. |
|
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: A Technology for Controlling the Harm of Winter Wheat Late Spring Cold Effective date of registration: 20231207 Granted publication date: 20180821 Pledgee: Anhui Dingyuan Minfeng Rural Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Dingyuan yuchangjiang Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980069930 |