CN105504081B - A kind of method of polysaccharide component leaching rate in raising dendrobium candidum - Google Patents
A kind of method of polysaccharide component leaching rate in raising dendrobium candidum Download PDFInfo
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- CN105504081B CN105504081B CN201510930351.7A CN201510930351A CN105504081B CN 105504081 B CN105504081 B CN 105504081B CN 201510930351 A CN201510930351 A CN 201510930351A CN 105504081 B CN105504081 B CN 105504081B
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- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0003—General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for improving polysaccharide component leaching rate in dendrobium candidum, including pre-treatment, extraction, post-processing step, specifically include：The fresh dendrobium candidum bar of raw material is cleaned up, dried, it is 15 ~ 30% to be placed in 95 ~ 105 DEG C of dry 3.5 ~ 4.0h to moisture content, is cut into 4.0 ~ 5.0cm billet a；Billet a be crushed into 100 ~ 300 mesh sieves after expanded broken wall and obtain material b before dendrobium candidum extraction, water of the material b weight than 4 ~ 8 times extracts 3 ~ 4 times in 80 ~ 100 DEG C before adding dendrobium candidum extraction, 1 ~ 3h every time, merge extract solution, filter, be concentrated to give the medicinal extract c that relative density is 1.1 ~ 1.3；By the medicinal extract c of extraction through drying, pulverize and sieve to obtain Objective extraction thing.Small investment of production equipment of the present invention, technological operation is simple, and condition easily reaches, and preparation process energy consumption is low, and cost is low, easy to process, and reagent used is nontoxic, safety and environmental protection；Polysaccharide component in the dendrobium candidum product of preparation is easy to leach, and improves the leaching rate of polysaccharide component in dendrobium candidum.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to drug preparation technique field, and in particular to a kind of to improve polysaccharide component leaching rate in dendrobium candidum
Method.
Background technology
Dendrobium candidum be orchid family Dendrobium Sw dendrobium candidum (Dendrobium officinale Kimura et
Migo drying stem), because epidermis is gained the name in iron green.Dendrobium Sw can be divided into iron sheet, Jin Chai, suddenly by form, place of production etc.
The dozens of kinds such as mountain, yellow grass, ring grass, horsewhip, wherein the most precious with dendrobium candidum.The fresh stem of dendrobium candidum can directly be eaten
With, or stew, or make tea, or infusing drugs in wine, generally it is processed into dry product, such as Tiepi Fengdou, dendrobium candidum functional beverage.In recent years
It is more and more as the high-class healthy product that raw material produces using dendrobium candidum, the American-European and coastal developed regions in Southeast Asia of being in great demand.But due to
The special growing environment of dendrobium officinale and self-reproduction are extremely difficult, along with economic value is high, for a long time unrestrictedly
Excavation and unreasonably utilization cause resource fewer and fewer.To protect this rare plant, there is shutting mechanism to start both at home and abroad
The R＆D work of dendrobium candidum, in terms of tissue culture and rapid proliferation technology, artificial cultivation technique especially in dendrobium candidum
Numerous studies have been carried out, have provided stronger technical guarantee for dendrobium candidum large-scale planting.
Dendrobium candidum tool nourishing the stomach to improve the production of body fluid, moisten the lung and relieve the cough, nourishing Yin and clearing heat, voiceless sound improving eyesight the effect of.For impairment of yin body fluid deficiency, dry
Polydipsia, deficiency of food are retched, and abnormal heat, mesh are secretly failed to understand after being ill.Modern clinic is applied and pharmacological research confirms, dendrobium candidum has enriching yin profit
Lung, nourishing the stomach to improve the production of body fluid, brain nourishing and eyesight improving, liver protection calming heart, heat-clearing and fire-reducing, the consumptive disease of tonifying five zang organs, the magical effect for macrobiosis of making light of one's life by commiting suicide.To chronic
It is burnout syndrome, tuberculosis, coronary heart disease, nephrosis, chronic liver disease, hypertension, high fat of blood, hyperglycaemia, diabetes, chronic gastropathy, dry
The diseases such as dry syndrome, cancer have definite curative effect and conditioning rehabilitative action.And body immunity, anti-oxidant, anti-ageing can be strengthened
Always, to excessive drinking and smoking, overwork, night life excessively, with eye is overstrain one's nerves, hoarseness, mouth parched and tongue scorched, the weak power of age
The rehabilitations such as the deficiency of Yin that declines have special efficacy.Dendrobium candidum is as a kind of crude drug with extensive economic use and excellent health-care effect
Eat homologous food increasingly to attract attention, the making full use of for dendrobium candidum resource that progress to obtained in the past 30 years is planted with scale
Training provides good technical guarantee.At present, the existing multinomial product and patent on dendrobium candidum in China, state food medicine prison
The health products more than 50 using the stem of noble dendrobium as raw material that management board includes are superintended and directed to plant, wherein 42 kinds using dendrobium candidum as primary raw material, such as iron sheet
Maple bucket particle, stem of noble dendrobium lozenge, dendrobium candidum oral liquid etc., but these products rest on dendrobium candidum allomeric function mostly, its
In natural active matter utilization depth and range it is also far from enough.
Because iron-sheet dendrobe fresh product should not preserve for a long time, though Tiepi Fengdou can extend the holding time after drying, feel
Official's index is deteriorated, and it is not very convenient to eat, especially its main effective active composition polysaccharide, how not soluble in water or be only very slightly soluble in
Water, polysaccharide component stickiness is bigger in addition, can not be micronized using common breaking method, causes its polysaccharide component can not be by people
Body fully absorbs, and waste is bigger, causes its effect to decline.In addition, existing dendrobium candidum product, mostly sheet or ball powder
Agent, because particle is larger, into stomach after disperse slow, be unfavorable for absorption of the human body to its polysaccharide, while inconvenient eating, majority make
User takes as medicine, is unfavorable for promoting on a large scale.Therefore, developing a kind of method that can solve above-mentioned technical problem is
It is very necessary.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method for improving polysaccharide component leaching rate in dendrobium candidum.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, including pre-treatment, extraction, post-processing step, specifically includes：
A, pre-treatment：
1）The fresh dendrobium candidum bar of raw material is cleaned up, dried, is placed in 95 ~ 105 DEG C of dry 3.5 ~ 4.0h to moisture content
For 15 ~ 30%, 4.0 ~ 5.0cm billet a is cut into；
2）Billet a crushed before 100 ~ 300 mesh sieves obtain dendrobium candidum extraction after expanded broken wall and expect that b is standby；
B, extract：Material b weight before dendrobium candidum extracts is added before the dendrobium candidum extraction that step A is handled to obtain in material b
Water than 4 ~ 8 times extracts 3 ~ 4 times in 80 ~ 100 DEG C, and 1 ~ 3h, merges extract solution every time, filters, is concentrated to give relative density as 1.1
~ 1.3 medicinal extract c；
C, post-process：By the medicinal extract c of extraction through drying, pulverize and sieve to obtain Objective extraction thing.
The operation principle of the present invention is that microwave energy arrival dendrobium candidum material deep layer is converted into heat energy, will make material deep layer
Moisture evaporates to form higher internal vapor pressure rapidly, forces dendrobium candidum material to realize knot in the presence of gas tension
Structure expands, and turns into cellular dendrobium candidum product with network structure's feature, sizing so as to make.
The present invention has advantages below：
1st, obtained dendrobium candidum product is produced and processed using microwave bulking broken wall method of the present invention, it is direct-edible or be used as
Dispensing stews edible or brewed for drinking.The product remains flavor, color and luster, mouthfeel and the nutrition of dendrobium candidum, can normal temperature storage
And transport.
2nd, the dendrobium candidum product prepared using the inventive method, product quality is stable, edible safety.Both tradition is remained
The advantages of medicine materical crude slice, compensate its defect again, the people that are more convenient for eat, and polysaccharide component water leaching rate improves, so as to substantially increase iron
The bioavilability of the skin stem of noble dendrobium, enhance the healthcare function of dendrobium candidum.
3rd, use energy- and time-economizing, and microwave has sterilization, is protected this have the advantage that process time is short
The safe and healthy of product is demonstrate,proved；In microwave bulking broken wall food is in cellular more, water-soluble property increase, is advantageous to gastro-intestinal digestion enzyme
Infiltration, improve the digestibility of nutrient, be easy to digest and assimilate.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but the present invention is not any limitation as in any way,
Based on present invention teach that any conversion or replacement made, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The method of polysaccharide component leaching rate in raising dendrobium candidum of the present invention, including pre-treatment, extraction, post processing
Step, specifically include：
A, pre-treatment：
1）The fresh dendrobium candidum bar of raw material is cleaned up, dried, is placed in 95 ~ 105 DEG C of dry 3.5 ~ 4.0h to moisture content
For 15 ~ 30%, 4.0 ~ 5.0cm billet a is cut into；
2）Billet a crushed before 100 ~ 300 mesh sieves obtain dendrobium candidum extraction after expanded broken wall and expect that b is standby；
B, extract：Material b weight before dendrobium candidum extracts is added before the dendrobium candidum extraction that step A is handled to obtain in material b
Water than 4 ~ 8 times extracts 3 ~ 4 times in 80 ~ 100 DEG C, and 1 ~ 3h, merges extract solution every time, filters, is concentrated to give relative density as 1.1
~ 1.3 medicinal extract c；
C, post-process：By the medicinal extract c of extraction through drying, pulverize and sieve to obtain Objective extraction thing.
Moisture content described in step A is 20 ~ 25%.
Expanded broken wall described in step A is to use microwave bulking broken wall.
The power of described expanded broken wall is 700 ~ 800w, and the time of expanded broken wall is 30 ~ 40s.
Diacolation or refluxing extraction are extracted as described in step B.
The present invention is further described so that case is embodied below：
The assay method for the present invention being prepared polysaccharide component content in Objective extraction thing is as follows：
The information of unit type and manufacturer used in various embodiments of the present invention is as follows：
Micro-wave oven（M-NJL07-3, the long-range Science and Technology Ltd. in Beijing Chinese and Western）；Electric drying oven with forced convection（DHG-9070, on
Shanghai Yiheng Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd of Hai Yiheng Science and Technology Ltd.s）.
（1）The preparation of polysaccharide reference substance solution：Take DEXTROSE ANHYDROUS reference substance appropriate, it is accurately weighed, add water that every 1ml is made
Glucose solution containing 90 μ g, is produced.
（2）The preparation of standard curve：Precision measures the 2ml of reference substance solution 0., 0.4ml, 0. 6ml, 0.8ml, 1.0ml,
L0ml tool plug test tube towel is put respectively, and respectively plus water is mended to 1. 0ml.Precision adds 5% phenol solution 1ml（Face with preparation）, shake up, then
Precision plus sulfuric acid 5ml, shake up, and put boiling water bath towel and heat 20 minutes, take out, put in ice bath and cool down 5 minutes, using corresponding reagent as sky
In vain, using a ultraviolet visible spectrophotometry, absorbance is determined at 488nm wavelength, using absorbance as ordinate, concentration is
Abscissa, draw standard curve.
（3）The preparation of need testing solution:Take this product powder（Cross No. three sieves）About 0. 3g, it is accurately weighed, add water 200ml.
It is heated to reflux 2 hours, lets cool, is transferred in 250ml measuring bottles, with a small amount of moisture time washing container, washing lotion is incorporated in same measuring bottle,
Scale is added water to, is shaken up, is filtered, precision measures subsequent filtrate 2ml, put in 15 ml centrifuge tubes, and precision adds absolute ethyl alcohol l0ml,
Shake up, refrigerate l hours, take out, centrifugation（Rotating speed is 4000 turns per minute）20 minutes, abandoning supernatant, precipitation plus 80% ethanol were washed
Wash 2 times, each 8ml, centrifuge, abandoning supernatant, precipitation plus hot water dissolving, be transferred in 25ml volumetric flasks, let cool, add water to quarter
Degree, shakes up, produces.
（4）Assay method：Precision measures need testing solution 1ml, puts in l0ml tool plug test tubes, under sighting target directrix curve preparation
Method, from " precision add 5% phenol solution 1ml ", determine absorbance in accordance with the law, need testing solution read from standard curve
The amount of middle DEXTROSE ANHYDROUS, calculate, produce.
Comparative example：
A, the fresh fresh bar of dendrobium candidum is cleaned up, dried；
B, the A fresh bars of dendrobium candidum walked are placed in drying box and dried；
C, the B dendrobium candidum billets walked are broken with the expanded broken wall of screw food extruder or other conventional wall-breaking methods
Wall produces；
D, the broken wall part cooling for walking C, through crushing（Cross 200 mesh sieves）Pack and produce.
E, the dendrobium candidum powder obtained in D step process（10 grams）It is middle add 60 milliliters water in 93 DEG C extract 4 times, often
Secondary 2h, merge extract solution, filter, be concentrated to give the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.2；
F, after the medicinal extract that E step process obtains is dried 8 hours at 60 DEG C, pulverize and sieve（Cross 200 mesh sieves）Obtain mesh
Mark extract.
After measured, the stripping quantity of polysaccharide accounts for the 30.8% of sample total amount before the expanded broken wall of dendrobium candidum, above-mentioned various broken wall sides
The stripping quantity of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide after method broken wall accounts for the 33.2 ~ 35.8% of sample total amount.
Embodiment 1
A, the fresh fresh bar of dendrobium candidum is cleaned up, dried；
B, the fresh bar of the dendrobium candidum of step A is placed in drying box, is dried 3.75 hours at 100 DEG C, contain its moisture
Measure as 23%, be cut into 4.5 centimetres of billet；
C, the dendrobium candidum billet of step B is produced with microwave bulking broken wall；The process conditions of the microwave bulking broken wall
For power 750w, expanded broken time is 30 seconds, obtains expanded broken wall product；
D, by after the expanded broken wall part cooling 15 minutes of step C, through crushing（Cross 200 mesh sieves）Pack and produce.
E, the dendrobium candidum powder obtained in D step process（10 grams）It is middle add 60 milliliters water in 93 DEG C extract 4 times, often
Secondary 2h, merge extract solution, filter, be concentrated to give the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.2；
F, after the medicinal extract that E step process obtains is dried 8 hours at 60 DEG C, pulverize and sieve（Cross 200 mesh sieves）Obtain mesh
Mark extract.
After measured, the stripping quantity of polysaccharide accounts for the 43.9% of sample total amount after microwave bulking broken wall, and stripping quantity opposing compression is expanded
The Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide stripping quantity of broken wall method or other conventional broken wall method broken walls adds 22.6 ~ 32.2%.
Embodiment 2
A, the fresh fresh bar of dendrobium candidum is cleaned up, dried；
B, the A fresh bars of dendrobium candidum walked are placed in drying box, are dried 3.5 hours at 105 DEG C, make its moisture
For 15%, 4.0 centimetres of billet is cut into；
C, the B dendrobium candidum billets walked are produced with microwave bulking broken wall；The process conditions of the microwave bulking broken wall are
Power 700w, expanded broken time are 35 seconds, obtain expanded broken wall product；
D, by after the expanded broken wall part cooling 15 minutes of C steps, through crushing（Cross 300 mesh sieves）Pack and produce.
E, the dendrobium candidum powder obtained in D step process（10 grams）The middle water for adding 80 milliliters extracts 3 times in 100 DEG C,
Each 3h, merge extract solution, filter, be concentrated to give the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.3；
F, after the medicinal extract that E step process obtains is dried 6 hours at 60 DEG C, pulverize and sieve（Cross 300 mesh sieves）Obtain mesh
Mark extract.
After measured, the stripping quantity of polysaccharide accounts for the 42.6% of sample total amount after microwave bulking broken wall, and stripping quantity opposing compression is expanded
The Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide stripping quantity of broken wall method or other conventional broken wall method broken walls adds 19.0 ~ 28.3%.
Embodiment 3
A, the fresh fresh bar of dendrobium candidum is cleaned up, dried；
B, the A fresh bars of dendrobium candidum walked are placed in drying box, are dried 4.0 hours at 95 DEG C, make its moisture be
30%, it is cut into 5.0 centimetres of billet；
C, the B dendrobium candidum billets walked are produced with microwave bulking broken wall；The process conditions of the microwave bulking broken wall are
Power 800w, expanded broken time are 40 seconds, obtain expanded broken wall product；
D, by after the expanded broken wall part cooling 10 minutes of C steps, through crushing（Cross 100 mesh sieves）Pack and produce.
E, the dendrobium candidum powder obtained in D step process（10 grams）It is middle add 40 milliliters water in 80 DEG C extract 3 times, often
Secondary 1h, merge extract solution, filter, be concentrated to give the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.1；
F, after the medicinal extract that E step process obtains is dried 10 hours at 60 DEG C, pulverize and sieve（Cross 100 mesh sieves）Obtain
Objective extraction thing.
After measured, the stripping quantity of polysaccharide accounts for the 42.3% of sample total amount after microwave bulking broken wall, and stripping quantity opposing compression is expanded
The Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide stripping quantity of broken wall method or other conventional broken wall method broken walls adds 18.1 ~ 27.4%.
General principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally
The principle of invention, the premise of spirit and scope of the invention is not being departed from, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
It all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention with improvement.The claimed scope of the invention is by appended claims and its waits
Effect thing defines.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. method for improving polysaccharide component leaching rate in dendrobium candidum, it is characterised in that including pre-treatment, extraction, post processing Step, specifically include：A, pre-treatment：1）The fresh dendrobium candidum bar of raw material is cleaned up, dried, be placed in 95 ~ 105 DEG C of dry 3.5 ~ 4.0h to moisture content be 15 ~ 30%, it is cut into 4.0 ~ 5.0cm billet a；2）Billet a be crushed into 100 ~ 300 mesh sieves after 30 ~ 40s of microwave bulking broken wall under the conditions of 700 ~ 800W of power and obtain iron Material b is standby before the extraction of the skin stem of noble dendrobium；B, extract：Material b weight is than 4 ~ 8 before adding dendrobium candidum extraction in material b before the dendrobium candidum extraction that step A handles to obtain Water again extracts 3 ~ 4 times in 80 ~ 100 DEG C, and 1 ~ 3h, merges extract solution every time, filters, is concentrated to give relative density as 1.1 ~ 1.3 Medicinal extract c；C, post-process：By the medicinal extract c of extraction through drying, pulverize and sieve to obtain Objective extraction thing.
- 2. the method according to claim 1 for improving polysaccharide component leaching rate in dendrobium candidum, it is characterised in that in step A Described moisture content is 20 ~ 25%.
- 3. the method according to claim 1 for improving polysaccharide component leaching rate in dendrobium candidum, it is characterised in that in step B Described is extracted as diacolation or refluxing extraction.
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| CN107981352A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-05-04 | 植然方适（杭州）健康科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and applications of high anti-oxidation activity iron sheet Herba Dendrobii extract |
| CN107823031A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-23 | 植然方适（杭州）健康科技有限公司 | A kind of fresh dendrobium candidum stem-leaf extract with antioxidation activity and moisture-keeping efficacy and preparation method thereof and applied in skin care item |
| CN108314744B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2020-10-16 | 浙江寿仙谷医药股份有限公司 | Method for rapidly extracting dendrobium officinale polysaccharide |
| CN108219025A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-06-29 | 贵州独秀峰药业有限公司 | A kind of extracting method of the high dendrobium candidum of recovery rate |
| CN109053917A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-21 | 上海应用技术大学 | A method of the high efficiency extraction cosmetic material from dendrobium candidum stem |
| CN111454378B (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2022-12-06 | 恩施土家族苗族自治州林业科学研究院(恩施土家族苗族自治州林业科技推广站) | Method for improving extraction amount of dendrobium officinale polysaccharide by utilizing low-temperature stress effect |
| CN112239510A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-01-19 | 杨牧融 | Extraction method of dendrobe polysaccharide |
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| CN103113483B (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2015-05-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for extracting various active ingredients from dendrobium officinale |
| CN103910810B (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2017-02-15 | 北京林业大学 | Method for simultaneously preparing dendrobium nobile pigments and dendrobium nobile polysaccharides by using dendrobium nobile raw materials |
| CN103920018A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-07-16 | 赤水市信天中药产业开发有限公司 | Process for microwave-freeze-drying dendrobium stem decoction medicine pieces |
| CN104861081A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-08-26 | 北京林业大学 | Method for extracting dendrobium polysaccharides through subcritical water |
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| CN101015649A (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2007-08-15 | 天津市轩宏医药技术有限公司 | Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide extractive, medicine composition thereof and its preparation and use |
| CN104258105A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-01-07 | 贵州赤水国礼金钗石斛发展有限公司 | Method for preparing powder tea by adopting microwave drying of dendrobium nobile lindl |
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