CN105348409A - Method for improving polysaccharide fraction leaching efficiency in dendrobium stem - Google Patents
Method for improving polysaccharide fraction leaching efficiency in dendrobium stem Download PDFInfo
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- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0003—General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving polysaccharide fraction leaching efficiency in dendrobium stem. The method specifically comprises the steps of cleaning up a raw material of a fresh dendrobium stem strip, airing at 75 to 85 DEG C until the moisture content is 15 to 30 percent, cutting into a short strip of 4.0 to 4.5cm, enabling the short strip to be subjected to puffing and wall breaking, smashing, passing through a sieve of 100 to 300 meshes to obtain a dendrobium stem before-extraction material, adding water of which the weight is 4 to 8 times than the weight of the before-extraction material, extracting at 80 to 100 DEG C for 3 to 4 times, each time of extraction lasts for 1 to 3 hours, combining extracting solutions, filtering, and concentrating to obtain an extract with relative density of 1.1 to 1.3; drying the extracted extract, smashing, and passing through the sieve to obtain a target extract. The method has the advantages of less production equipment investment, simple process operation, easy achievement of conditions, low energy consumption in preparation process, low cost, convenient processing, nontoxic and harmless used reagent, safety and environmental friendliness; the polysaccharide fraction in a prepared dendrobium stem product is easily leached, and the leaching efficiency of the polysaccharide fraction in the dendrobium stem is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Chinese drug preparation technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method improving polysaccharide component leaching yield in dendrobium stem.
Background technology
Dendrobium stem
dendrobiumnobilelindl. be the fresh or dry stem of the orchid family Dendrobium Sw, the ground such as main product Yunnan Province of China, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangxi, Mt. Funiushan In Henan Province are the rare traditional Chinese medicines commonly used simply.Dendrobium stem is one of 2010 editions " Chinese Pharmacopoeias " medicinal dendrobium of recording, another name bracketplant, is used as medicine with stem, cold in nature, taste is sweet, tool reinforcing stomach reg fluid, the effect such as nourishing Yin and clearing heat, be used for the treatment of that consumption of body fluid caused by febrile disease, dry polydipsia, after being ill abnormal heat, the few tongue of tongue light, food are retched less, the order secretly disease such as not clear.Modern pharmacological research show dendrobium stem mainly contain immunomodulatory, anti-ageing, shrink intestinal tube, anti-cataract, antitumor, antimutagenic, antibacterial and antioxygenation.Its chemical composition mainly contains polysaccharide, alkaloid, bibenzyl, luxuriant and rich with fragrance class, sesquiterpene glucoside, volatile oil and steroidal.Wherein polysaccharide is one of main component, has enhancing body immunizing power, the effect such as hypoglycemic, antitumor, anti-ageing, anti-oxidant, has higher pharmaceutical use.
Pertinent literature is had to relate to the extractive technique of polysaccharide compound in dendrobium stem at present, the people such as Zheng Sizhuo, Li Xiufang utilize distilled water reflux extraction (Zheng Sizhuo respectively, Ge little Jun, Li little Qiong, Jin Hui, Tang Yanping. the optimization of Dendrobium nobile polysaccharide assay condition and extraction process. Chinese Chinese materia medica academic periodical .2008 (12): 2676-2677; Li Xiufang. Herba Dendrobii and the comparative studies of four kinds of pharmacopeia dendrobium polysaccharide hypoglycemic activities. master thesis .2012.P11) extraction of polysaccharide compound in dendrobium stem is attempted.These preparation method's many genus ordinary methods, polysaccharide extract rate is low, solvent-oil ratio is large, energy consumption is large, consuming time.Therefore, develop a kind of method that can solve the problems of the technologies described above to be very important.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method improving polysaccharide component leaching yield in dendrobium stem.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, comprises pre-treatment, extraction, post-processing step, specifically comprise:
A, pre-treatment:
1) fresh for raw material dendrobium stem bar is cleaned up, dried, be placed in, 75 ~ 85 DEG C of drying 4.0 ~ 4.5h are 15 ~ 30% to water ratio, are cut into the billet a of 4.0 ~ 4.5cm;
2) billet a was pulverized after microwave bulking broken wall 100 ~ 300 mesh sieves to obtain expecting that b is for subsequent use before dendrobium stem extracts;
B, extraction: before adding dendrobium stem extraction in material b before dendrobium stem step A process obtained extracts, the water of material b weight ratio 4 ~ 8 times extracts 3 ~ 4 times in 80 ~ 100 DEG C, each 1 ~ 3h, united extraction liquid, filters, concentrated obtains the medicinal extract c that relative density is 1.1 ~ 1.3;
C, aftertreatment: by the medicinal extract c drying of extraction, pulverize and sieve and obtain Objective extraction thing.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, the dendrobium stem goods that microwave bulking broken wall method of the present invention process for processing obtains are utilized, direct-edible or be used as batching and stew edible or make tea and drink.This product remains the local flavor of dendrobium stem, color and luster, mouthfeel and nutrition.
2, the dendrobium stem goods using the inventive method to prepare, constant product quality, edible safety.Both remained the advantage of traditional medicine materical crude slice, be convenient to again people and eat, polysaccharide component water leaching rate improves, thus substantially increases the bioavailability of dendrobium stem, enhances the nourishing function of dendrobium stem.
3, the advantage using the inventive method is that process period is short, energy-and time-economizing; Many in vesicular in microwave bulking broken wall food, water-soluble character increases, and is conducive to the infiltration of gastro-intestinal digestion enzyme, improves the digestibility of nutrient substance, be convenient to digest and assimilate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but limited the present invention never in any form, and any conversion done based on training centre of the present invention or replacement, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The method of polysaccharide component leaching yield in raising dendrobium stem of the present invention, comprises pre-treatment, extraction, post-processing step, specifically comprises:
A, pre-treatment:
1) fresh for raw material dendrobium stem bar is cleaned up, dried, being placed in 75 ~ 85 DEG C of drying 4.0 ~ 4.5h is 15 ~ 30% to water ratio, is cut into the billet a of 4.0 ~ 4.5cm;
2) billet a was pulverized after expanded broken wall 100 ~ 300 mesh sieves to obtain expecting that b is for subsequent use before dendrobium stem extracts;
B, extraction: before adding dendrobium stem extraction in material b before dendrobium stem step A process obtained extracts, the water of material b weight ratio 4 ~ 8 times extracts 3 ~ 4 times in 80 ~ 100 DEG C, each 1 ~ 3h, united extraction liquid, filters, concentrated obtains the medicinal extract c that relative density is 1.1 ~ 1.3;
C, aftertreatment: by the medicinal extract c drying of extraction, pulverize and sieve and obtain Objective extraction thing.
Water ratio described in step A is 20 ~ 25%.
Expanded broken wall described in step A adopts microwave bulking broken wall.
The power of described expanded broken wall is 600 ~ 700w, and the time of expanded broken wall is 35 ~ 45s.
Diacolation or refluxing extraction is extracted as described in step B.
With concrete case study on implementation, the present invention is further described below:
Measuring method the present invention being prepared to polysaccharide component content in Objective extraction thing is as follows:
The information of the unit type that various embodiments of the present invention are used and manufacturer is as follows:
Microwave oven (M-NJL07-3, the long-range Science and Technology Ltd. in Chinese and Western, Beijing); Electric drying oven with forced convection (DHG-9070, Shanghai one Shanghai Yiheng Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd of permanent Science and Technology Ltd.).
(1) preparation of polysaccharide reference substance solution: get dextrose anhydrous reference substance appropriate, accurately weighed, add water and make the glucose solution of every 1ml containing 90 μ g, to obtain final product.
(2) preparation of typical curve: precision measures reference substance solution 0.2ml, 0.4ml, 0.6ml, 0.8ml, 1.0ml, puts l0ml tool plug test tube towel respectively, respectively adds water and mends to 1.0ml.Precision adds 5% phenol solution 1ml(and faces with preparation), shake up, then precision adds sulfuric acid 5ml, shake up, put boiling water bath towel and heat 20 minutes, take out, put in ice bath and cool 5 minutes, take corresponding reagent as blank, utilize ultraviolet one visible spectrophotometry, measuring absorbancy at the wavelength place of 488nm, take absorbancy as ordinate zou, concentration is X-coordinate, drawing standard curve.
(3) preparation of need testing solution: get this product powder (crossing No. three sieves) about 0.3g, accurately weighed, add water 200ml.Reflux 2 hours, lets cool, and is transferred in 250ml measuring bottle, with a small amount of moisture time washing container, washing lotion is incorporated in same measuring bottle, adds water to scale, shake up, filter, precision measures subsequent filtrate 2ml, put in 15ml centrifuge tube, precision adds dehydrated alcohol l0ml, shakes up, refrigeration l hour, takes out, centrifugal (rotating speed is per minute 4000 turns) 20 minutes, abandoning supernatant, precipitation adds 80% washing with alcohol 2 times, each 8ml, centrifugal, abandoning supernatant, precipitation heating water dissolves, and is transferred in 25ml volumetric flask, let cool, add water to scale, shake up, to obtain final product.
(4) measuring method: precision measures need testing solution 1ml, puts in l0ml tool plug test tube, the method under sighting target directrix curve preparation, from " precision adds 5% phenol solution 1ml ", measure absorbancy in accordance with the law, read the amount of dextrose anhydrous in need testing solution from typical curve, calculate, to obtain final product.
Comparative example:
A, fresh for fresh dendrobium stem bar to be cleaned up, dry;
B, that the fresh bar of dendrobium stem that A walks is placed in loft drier is dry;
C, by B walk the expanded broken wall of dendrobium stem billet screw food extruder or other conventional wall-breaking method broken walls and get final product;
D, the broken wall part cooling walked by C, pack through pulverizing (crossing 200 mesh sieves) and get final product.
The water adding 60 milliliters in E, the dendrobium stem powder (10 grams) that obtains in D step process extracts 4 times in 93 DEG C, each 2h, united extraction liquid, filters, concentratedly obtains the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.2;
F, the medicinal extract that E step process obtained after dry 8 hours, pulverize and sieve at 60 DEG C, and (crossing 200 mesh sieves) obtains Objective extraction thing.
After measured, before the expanded broken wall of dendrobium stem, the stripping quantity of polysaccharide accounts for 15.4% of sample total amount, and the stripping quantity of the Dendrobium nobile polysaccharide after above-mentioned various wall-breaking method broken wall accounts for 16.6 ~ 17.5% of sample total amount.
Embodiment 1
A, fresh for fresh dendrobium stem bar to be cleaned up, dry;
B, the fresh bar of dendrobium stem that A walks is placed in loft drier, at 80 DEG C dry 4.3 hours, makes its moisture content be 20%, be cut into the billet of 4.3 centimetres;
C, by B walk dendrobium stem billet microwave bulking broken wall and get final product; The processing condition of described microwave bulking broken wall are power 650w, and expanded broken time is 40 seconds, obtain expanded broken wall goods;
D, the expanded broken wall part cooling after 15 minutes walked by C, pack through pulverizing (crossing 200 mesh sieves) and get final product.
The water adding 60 milliliters in E, the dendrobium stem powder (10 grams) that obtains in D step process extracts 4 times in 93 DEG C, each 2h, united extraction liquid, filters, concentratedly obtains the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.2;
F, the medicinal extract that E step process obtained after dry 8 hours, pulverize and sieve at 60 DEG C, and (crossing 200 mesh sieves) obtains Objective extraction thing.
After measured, after the expanded broken wall of dendrobium stem, the stripping quantity of polysaccharide accounts for 19.9% of sample total amount, and the Dendrobium nobile polysaccharide stripping quantity of stripping quantity opposing compression expanded broken wall method or other conventional broken wall method broken walls adds 13.7 ~ 19.8%.
Embodiment 2
A, fresh for fresh dendrobium stem bar to be cleaned up, dry;
B, the fresh bar of dendrobium stem that A walks is placed in loft drier, at 75 DEG C dry 4.5 hours, makes its moisture content be 30%, be cut into the billet of 4.0 centimetres;
C, by B walk dendrobium stem billet microwave bulking broken wall and get final product; The processing condition of described microwave bulking broken wall are power 600w, and expanded broken time is 45 seconds, obtain expanded broken wall goods;
D, the expanded broken wall part cooling after 15 minutes walked by C, pack through pulverizing (crossing 300 mesh sieves) and get final product.
The water adding 80 milliliters in E, the dendrobium stem powder (10 grams) that obtains in D step process extracts 3 times in 100 DEG C, each 3h, united extraction liquid, filters, concentratedly obtains the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.3;
F, the medicinal extract that E step process obtained after dry 6 hours, pulverize and sieve at 60 DEG C, and (crossing 300 mesh sieves) obtains Objective extraction thing.
After measured, after the expanded broken wall of dendrobium stem, the stripping quantity of polysaccharide accounts for 19.3% of sample total amount, and the Dendrobium nobile polysaccharide stripping quantity of stripping quantity opposing compression expanded broken wall method or other conventional broken wall method broken walls adds 10.3 ~ 16.3%.
Embodiment 3
A, fresh for fresh dendrobium stem bar to be cleaned up, dry;
B, the fresh bar of dendrobium stem that A walks is placed in loft drier, at 85 DEG C dry 4.0 hours, makes its moisture content be 15%, be cut into the billet of 4.5 centimetres;
C, by B walk dendrobium stem billet microwave bulking broken wall and get final product; The processing condition of described microwave bulking broken wall are power 700w, and expanded broken time is 35 seconds, obtain expanded broken wall goods;
D, the expanded broken wall part cooling after 10 minutes walked by C, pack through pulverizing (crossing 100 mesh sieves) and get final product.
The water adding 40 milliliters in E, the dendrobium stem powder (10 grams) that obtains in D step process extracts 3 times in 80 DEG C, each 1h, united extraction liquid, filters, concentratedly obtains the medicinal extract that relative density is 1.1;
F, the medicinal extract that E step process obtained after dry 10 hours, pulverize and sieve at 60 DEG C, and (crossing 100 mesh sieves) obtains Objective extraction thing.
After measured, after the expanded broken wall of dendrobium stem, the stripping quantity of polysaccharide accounts for 19.5% of sample total amount, and the Dendrobium nobile polysaccharide stripping quantity of stripping quantity opposing compression expanded broken wall method or other conventional broken wall method broken walls adds 11.4 ~ 17.5%.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification sheets just illustrates principle of the present invention; do not departing from the prerequisite of spirit and scope of the invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. improve a method for polysaccharide component leaching yield in dendrobium stem, it is characterized in that comprising pre-treatment, extraction, post-processing step, specifically comprise:
A, pre-treatment:
1) fresh for raw material dendrobium stem bar is cleaned up, dried, being placed in 75 ~ 85 DEG C of drying 4.0 ~ 4.5h is 15 ~ 30% to water ratio, is cut into the billet a of 4.0 ~ 4.5cm;
2) billet a was pulverized after expanded broken wall 100 ~ 300 mesh sieves to obtain expecting that b is for subsequent use before dendrobium stem extracts;
B, extraction: before adding dendrobium stem extraction in material b before dendrobium stem step A process obtained extracts, the water of material b weight ratio 4 ~ 8 times extracts 3 ~ 4 times in 80 ~ 100 DEG C, each 1 ~ 3h, united extraction liquid, filters, concentrated obtains the medicinal extract c that relative density is 1.1 ~ 1.3;
C, aftertreatment: by the medicinal extract c drying of extraction, pulverize and sieve and obtain Objective extraction thing.
2. the method for polysaccharide component leaching yield in raising dendrobium stem according to claim 1, is characterized in that the water ratio described in step A is 20 ~ 25%.
3. the method for polysaccharide component leaching yield in raising dendrobium stem according to claim 1, is characterized in that the expanded broken wall described in step A adopts microwave bulking broken wall.
4. the method for polysaccharide component leaching yield in the raising dendrobium stem according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that the power of described expanded broken wall is 600 ~ 700w, and the time of expanded broken wall is 35 ~ 45s.
5. the method for polysaccharide component leaching yield in raising dendrobium stem according to claim 1, is characterized in that being extracted as diacolation or refluxing extraction described in step B.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN109134694A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2019-01-04 | 中国科学院上海药物研究所 | A kind of sulfated derivative of Dendrobium nobile polysaccharide and its preparation method and application |
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| CN113480675A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-10-08 | 遵义医科大学 | Extraction method and application of dendrobium nobile polysaccharide |
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