CN105494057A - Paddy rice soilless seedling-nursing and positioning broadcasting matrix plate and preparation method for same - Google Patents

Paddy rice soilless seedling-nursing and positioning broadcasting matrix plate and preparation method for same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105494057A
CN105494057A CN201510740532.3A CN201510740532A CN105494057A CN 105494057 A CN105494057 A CN 105494057A CN 201510740532 A CN201510740532 A CN 201510740532A CN 105494057 A CN105494057 A CN 105494057A
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China
Prior art keywords
matrix substrate
paddy rice
seedling
soil
parts
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CN201510740532.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李金哲
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Heilongjiang daobo Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd
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HEILONGJIANG DAOLE AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510740532.3A priority Critical patent/CN105494057A/en
Publication of CN105494057A publication Critical patent/CN105494057A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Abstract

The invention relates to a paddy rice soilless seedling-nursing and positioning broadcasting matrix plate and a preparation method for the same. The paddy rice seedling-nursing and positioning broadcasting matrix plate is characterized by comprising the following material according to weight by parts: 53 to 57 parts of rough grass carbon soil or puffed plant straws, 23 to 27 parts of fine carbon soil, 13 to 17 parts of cocoanut shell powder and 4 to 5 parts of pulp; the matrix plate has simple lattice earthen bowl hole specification of 1.0cmx1.0cmx0.8cm. The matrix plate can facilitate large-area promotion and application of mechanical quick working method for the cultivating technology. A rice transplanter precisely fetches seedlings from earthen bowl holes and golden root hole transplantation can be achieved and low seedling and root damage rate is realized; seedlings can quickly revive after machinery transplantation and can early root and tiller, so high yield can be facilitated; seedlings can be quantitatively fetched according to earthen bowl holes, so accurate seedling fetching is realized and seedling missing rate by machinery transplantation can be lowered; and seedling intervals are the same via machinery transplantation, so high-yield groups can be formed and high-yield and high-efficient machinery transplantation can be achieved.

Description

A kind of paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting matrix substrate and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of raising rice seedlings technology, especially a kind of paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting matrix substrate and preparation method.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country, and agricultural economy occupies main status in national economy.Since reform and opening-up, country drops into a large amount of funds and material resources for Ensuring Food Safety, does construction of water conservancy works and exploitation paddy field, helps peasant planting paddy rice.All obtain in many-sides such as rice area, rice varieties improvement, Rice Cropping technology and significantly improved, for ensureing that China's grain security serves important function.Be developed so far, the Rice Cropping technology of China, unit are economic benefit aspect need further raising.Seedling-cultivation technique in particularly Rice Cropping seedling, cultivation management and results three links is particularly important, as the saying goes " seedling grain good half a year ".We also rest on the raise seedling in greenhouse stage at present, and need a large amount of way of loam based on soil moved in improve the original that gather to cultivate rice seedling, waste a lot of resource and people's financial resources.Per hectare seedling raising needs to get Nutrition Soil 2.5 cubic metres, i.e. 2500 kilograms of fertile soil.Due to fetching earth of raising rice seedlings throughout the year, high-quality soil resource falls sharply, and the difficulty that fetches earth is increasing, gets nutrient soil more difficult.Soil is non-renewable resources, be earth surface through millions upon millions of year, being formed gradually by biological cycle in nature, is the basis of plant growth.Due to raising rice seedlings soil, annual peasant household unauthorized and wasteful mining high-quality soil, natural ecological environment has suffered artificial destruction.Peasants will fetch earth every year in advance, pulverize, sieve soil, stock, mix soil mixes the loaded down with trivial details operating process such as fertilizer and artificial balance, wastes a large amount of manpower and materials.Particularly northern China Rice Cropping region, breeding time is short, and active accumulated temperature is few, and fertility is long slow for early stage, and mid-term, high-temperature time was short, and post drop is fast, and chilling injury is many.Therefore, turn green after how cultivating rice transplanting fast, enter the healthy and strong rice shoot of tillering particularly important in good time.Peasant will pay very large energy to cultivate strong seedling for this reason every year.First strong seedling is strong root, and the root of paddy rice plays a part important absorption nutrient and moisture, and then photosynthesis is also strong by force for absorbing capacity.Accumulation of photosynthate is many, and could grow by normal growth, cultivate healthy and strong rice shoot, after rice transplanting, root of hair ability is strong, and turn green fast, tiller early, yield potential is large.Further, the agricultural straw resource of agriculture main producing region is very abundant, the past is long-term burns as discarded object.How comprehensive effective exploitation utilizes, and makes it turn waste into wealth, and reduces unreasonable, that scientific disposal mode does not cause problem of environmental pollution and also appear suddenly in face of us.Therefore, for realizing increasing both production and income and the sustainable development of agricultural production of agricultural production, this is more conducive to culture technique with the sharp work mode large scale application of mechanization to need a kind of soilless breeding seeding matrix substrate positioning planting new technology be made up of alms bowl cave body.The accurate seedling taking of alms bowl cave seedling pressed by rice transplanter, realizes the body rice transplanting of full root system cave, and hinder seedling and hinder root rate low, after the machine transplanting of rice, rice shoot is turned green soon, root of hair and tillering morning, is conducive to realizing high yield.Press the quantitative seedling taking of alms bowl cave seedling, seedling taking is more accurate, and machine transplanting of rice miss in seedling setting rate reduces, uniformity between machine transplanting of rice seedling clump simultaneously, thus is conducive to yielding Populations formation, realizes machine transplanting of rice high-yield and high-efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of invention is exactly for above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, for the actual needs of raising rice seedlings operation, by to fermentation of plant straws powder and straw bulking, turfy soil, the rational mixtures such as coconut shell flour, according to early childbirth thin planting machinery seedling dish rice transplanting pattern, a kind of matrix substrate and preparation method of paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting are made in research, reach and namely protect high-quality soil resource and ecotope, make full use of agricultural wastes, make it turn waste into wealth, alleviate the object of environmental pollution, achieve again the enforcement of the nursery new and high technology of precisely sowing, improve seedling quality, achieve paddy rice precisely to sow, guarantee to be bred as seedling strong, improve seedling quality, guarantee that quality rice shoot is turned green soon after inserting Honda.Make Honda rice shoot form specular removal group structure, make full use of the environmental conditions such as light, heat, water, gas and nutrient.Achieve the object of quality product matter, high efficiency, high yield, high benefit.The invention solves domestic employing ubiquity and the raising rice seedlings technical method of the bed soil seedling fallen behind, cause soil exhaustive exploitation, and be difficult to be bred as strong sprout and affect rice yield, the present situation of the needs of sustainable ecodevelopment can not be met.
Its concrete scheme of matrix substrate of a kind of paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting is: paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting matrix substrate is made up of the paper pulp of the thick soddy soil of 53-57 part or expanded straw, the thin soddy soil of 23-27 part, the coconut shell powder of 13-17 part and 4-5 part by weight.
A kind of matrix substrate preparation method of paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting completes according to the following steps:
The first step, to take thick soddy soil, thin soddy soil, coconut shell powder and paper pulp by the ratio of weight and number of the expanded straw of the thick soddy soil of 53-57 part, the thin soddy soil of 23-27 part, 13-17 part coconut shell powder and 4-5 part paper pulp.
Second step, pour thick soddy soil, thin soddy soil and coconut shell powder into beater, add clear water making beating, make elementary slurry;
Add paper pulp in 3rd step, the elementary slurry for preparing to step 2, carry out defibrination, obtain raw material slurry;
Material pond is poured into, the raw slurry sucking-off that laminator will be expected in pond with honeycomb fashion mould chassis, honeycomb fashion mould chassis alms bowl cave body 1.2cm × 1.2cm, degree of depth 1.2cm specification after 4th step, raw material slurry stirs.And the moisture blotted in raw slurry, then by the matrix substrate of first one-step forming blowout mould, mould connects dish mould the first day of the lunar month one-tenth seed pit, degree of depth 0.8cm, length and width 1cm.Then pick and carry out 280 DEG C of oven dry to drying plant, namely a kind of paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting matrix substrate is obtained, matrix substrate described in it is made with the form of 18 × 36 single lattice alms bowl cave body layouts or 14 × 28 single lattice alms bowl cave body layouts, and the pit that can be put into 3-5 rice paddy seed seed is formed on body top, each monomer lattice alms bowl cave.Thick soddy soil or puffing straw and thin soddy soil have strong absorptive, can water conservation for a long time.
Beneficial effect
1, achieve paddy rice precisely to sow.Each alms bowl cave ensure that 3-5 strain seedling, makes that Honda rice shoot colony is even to distribute effective and reasonablely, forms specular removal group structure, makes full use of the environmental conditions such as light, heat, water, gas and nutrient.Achieve the object of quality product matter, high efficiency, high yield, high benefit.
2, the more common seedling dish of balance operation saves labor, and has saved recruitment cost.
3, greatly reduce field machine transplanting of rice seedling-leaking ratio, integral bowl cave is transplanted, and is not completely cured during transplanting, plants wound less, well developed root system, and rice shoot inhales rich water ability by force, robust growth, and stem is thick, resistant to lodging.Break away from the expense of filling the gaps with seedlings of heavy fill the gaps with seedlings work and great number, can not miss the farming season because of filling the gaps with seedlings, causing the underproduction.
4, do not hinder rice seedling root system, the time of turning green shortens greatly, ensure that rice tillering rate, and increase effective tiller 0.4/strain than common rice transplanting, the effect that increases production and improves productivity is very considerable.
5, rice shoot dry-matter accumulation is many, circularity is high, shows high-output stress-resistance cold, turn green fast, tiller early, tillering ability is strong, heading early, ripe early, maturity is high.Improve ripening rate and thousand kernel weight and rice quality.
6, ecology environmental protection again.Namely solve the problem of the difficulty that fetches earth, done again the twice laid of straw well, protected environment, again save resource.It is the important channel realizing paddy rice in cold region high yield and high quality that alms bowl cave seedling is planted, and has extremely wide application prospect.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises any combination between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting matrix substrate is made up of the paper pulp of the thick soddy soil of 53-57 part or expanded straw, the thin soddy soil of 23-27 part, the coconut shell powder of 13-17 part and 4-5 part by weight.
Use paper pulp as binding agent in present embodiment, there is the advantage of environment-friendly degradable.Fiber after dry in paper pulp ensure that the intensity of paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting matrix substrate, and through watering during use, the fibre strength of paper pulp is lost substantially, makes matrix substrate quality soft, has and utilizes the sowing of seed and the growth of root system and breathing.
Thin soddy soil or puffing straw have abundant nutrition, and wherein nutrients accounts for about 55% of total inventory.
The environmental protection of present embodiment paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting matrix substrate, humus content reaches more than 40%.
Embodiment two: paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting matrix substrate is made up of the paper pulp of the expanded straw of thick soddy soil of 55 parts, the thin soddy soil of 25 parts, the coconut shell powder of 15 parts and 5 parts by weight.
Paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting matrix substrate is prepared according to the following steps:
Breeding experiment
Of the present invention by seedling-cultivation plate experimental result after planting as shown in following each table.
Table one percentage establishment of seedling application form
More than be random sampling triadic mean value
Table two Seedling Quality in Rice application form (one)
Table three Seedling Quality in Rice application form (two)
More than investigation is the mean value of random sampling 20 strain.
Above data are that actual measurement draws, can illustrate and differ from 1.5% between the rice shoot percentage establishment of seedling of matrix substrate process and contrast, substantially identical.From rice seedling total quality, matrix substrate process is better than the contrast of conventional soil.Performance well developed root system, new root is many, and radical total amount on average has more 3.3, and new radical amount on average has more 1.4.Unit height of seedling dry weight every centimetre increases by 5.4 milligrams.Disease resistance also obviously strengthens, and see in comparatively serious new people demonstration area, Jiamusi investigation result of morbidity, the incidence of disease reduces by 36.8% on year-on-year basis.After Honda rice transplanting, rice shoot delays seedling soon, and the unslow seedling phenomenon of matrix substrate process occurs.After rice transplanting, the strain of 10 days investigation new roots 20 is average: matrix substrate 3.8, contrasts 2.3, and multiple of root of hair is fast.Seedling dish is lightweight, 10 dish average weights: conventional 3527g. matrix substrate 2318g often coils and reduces weight 1209g, reduces 34%, conveniently transports rice shoot.Conclusion, rice seedling raising ground substance can substitute soil nursery.

Claims (7)

1. a matrix substrate for paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting, is characterized in that: paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting matrix substrate is made up of the paper pulp of the thick soddy soil of 53-57 part or expanded straw, the thin soddy soil of 23-27 part, the coconut shell powder of 13-17 part and 4-5 part by weight.
2. the matrix substrate of a kind of paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the soil matrix scutum described in it is made up of the paper pulp of the thick soddy soil of 55 parts, the thin soddy soil of 25 parts, the coconut shell powder of 15 parts and 5 parts by weight.
3. the matrix substrate of a kind of paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting as described in one of claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterized in that: the matrix substrate described in it is made with the form of 18 × 36 single lattice alms bowl cave body layouts, and the pit that can be put into 3-5 rice paddy seed seed is formed on body top, each monomer lattice alms bowl cave.
4. the matrix substrate of a kind of paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting that one of claim 1 or claim 2 is described, it is characterized in that: the matrix substrate described in it is made with the form of 14 × 28 single lattice alms bowl cave body layouts, and the pit that can be put into 3-5 rice paddy seed seed is formed on body top, each monomer lattice alms bowl cave.
5. the matrix substrate of a kind of paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the single lattice alms bowl cave body specification described in it is 1.0cm × 1.0cm × 0.8cm.
6. the matrix substrate its preparation method of a kind of paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting as described in one of claim 1-4 completes according to the following steps:
(1), thick soddy soil, thin soddy soil, coconut shell powder and paper pulp is taken by the ratio of weight and number of the paper pulp of the thick soddy soil of 53-57 part or expanded straw, the thin soddy soil of 23-27 part, the coconut shell powder of 13-17 part and 4-5 part;
(2), by thick soddy soil, thin soddy soil and coconut shell powder pour beater into, add clear water making beating, make elementary slurry;
(3) add paper pulp in the elementary slurry, to step 2 prepared, carry out defibrination, obtain raw material slurry;
(4), raw material slurry pours material pond into after stirring, the raw slurry sucking-off of will expect in pond with laminator honeycomb fashion mould chassis, honeycomb fashion mould chassis alms bowl cave body 1.2cm × 1.2cm × 1.2cm, specification.And the moisture blotted in raw slurry, then by the matrix substrate of first one-step forming blowout mould, mould connects dish mould the first day of the lunar month one-tenth seed pit, degree of depth 0.8cm, length and width 1cm;
(5) then pick and carry out 280 DEG C of oven dry to drying plant, namely obtain a kind of paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting matrix substrate.
7. the matrix substrate preparation method of a kind of paddy rice soilless breeding seeding positioning planting as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: be in step 2 first by thick soddy soil, thin soddy soil and coconut shell powder sterilization.
CN201510740532.3A 2015-10-30 2015-10-30 Paddy rice soilless seedling-nursing and positioning broadcasting matrix plate and preparation method for same Pending CN105494057A (en)

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CN106489694A (en) * 2016-10-28 2017-03-15 黑龙江稻乐农业科技有限公司 A kind of Oryza sativa L. soilless breeding seeding Auricularia bacteria residue matrix substrate and preparation method
CN106888851A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-06-27 湖南农业大学 Machine-transplanted rice is without plate seedling raising nutrient matrix raising rice seedling plate and method of raising seedling
CN108029505A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-05-15 哈尔滨东宇农业工程机械有限公司 A kind of rice soilless breeding seeding rice husk matrix substrate and preparation method
CN109122204A (en) * 2018-08-08 2019-01-04 刘丰恺 The manufacture craft of ecological rice nursery substrate plate
CN110637701A (en) * 2019-11-05 2020-01-03 铜川市土壤生态技术创研中心 Seedling culture substrate and preparation method thereof
CN114600732A (en) * 2022-03-11 2022-06-10 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Iron-modified biochar rice seedling raising matrix, matrix plate and preparation method
CN114847038A (en) * 2021-07-23 2022-08-05 内蒙古蒙草草种业有限公司 Organic ecological plant growing plate and preparation method thereof
CN115380733A (en) * 2022-09-16 2022-11-25 江西衡壤生态农业科技有限公司 Full-degradable rice bowl blanket-shaped mechanical transplanting seedling raising tray and application thereof

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106489694A (en) * 2016-10-28 2017-03-15 黑龙江稻乐农业科技有限公司 A kind of Oryza sativa L. soilless breeding seeding Auricularia bacteria residue matrix substrate and preparation method
CN106888851A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-06-27 湖南农业大学 Machine-transplanted rice is without plate seedling raising nutrient matrix raising rice seedling plate and method of raising seedling
CN108029505A (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-05-15 哈尔滨东宇农业工程机械有限公司 A kind of rice soilless breeding seeding rice husk matrix substrate and preparation method
CN109122204A (en) * 2018-08-08 2019-01-04 刘丰恺 The manufacture craft of ecological rice nursery substrate plate
CN110637701A (en) * 2019-11-05 2020-01-03 铜川市土壤生态技术创研中心 Seedling culture substrate and preparation method thereof
CN114847038A (en) * 2021-07-23 2022-08-05 内蒙古蒙草草种业有限公司 Organic ecological plant growing plate and preparation method thereof
CN114600732A (en) * 2022-03-11 2022-06-10 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Iron-modified biochar rice seedling raising matrix, matrix plate and preparation method
CN115380733A (en) * 2022-09-16 2022-11-25 江西衡壤生态农业科技有限公司 Full-degradable rice bowl blanket-shaped mechanical transplanting seedling raising tray and application thereof

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