CN105473312A - 构件设置系统 - Google Patents

构件设置系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105473312A
CN105473312A CN201480046984.5A CN201480046984A CN105473312A CN 105473312 A CN105473312 A CN 105473312A CN 201480046984 A CN201480046984 A CN 201480046984A CN 105473312 A CN105473312 A CN 105473312A
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component
preform
post
arranges system
vehicle
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T·施瑙费尔
A·贝尔
S·施皮策
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/304—In-plane lamination by juxtaposing or interleaving of plies, e.g. scarf joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/04—Door pillars ; windshield pillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
    • B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
    • B62D29/043—Superstructures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
    • B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
    • B62D29/048—Connections therefor, e.g. joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B11/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B29C66/73941—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset characterised by the materials of both parts being thermosets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3005—Body finishings
    • B29L2031/3011—Roof linings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3005—Body finishings
    • B29L2031/3041—Trim panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/08—Cars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/02—Side panels
    • B62D25/025—Side sills thereof

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种构件设置系统，包括第一构件(11)和第二构件(12)，其中至少一个构件(11)具有多个预成形坯(11i1，11i2，11a1，11a2)，其特征在于：在两个构件(11，12)的连接区域(V)内，第二构件(12)的任一预成形坯由第一构件(11)的多个预成形坯(11i1，11i2，11a1，11a2)搭接。

Description

构件设置系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种构件设置系统，包括第一构件和第二构件，其中至少一个构件具有多个预成形坯。
背景技术
在当今的车辆制造中，要做出很大努力来降低车辆的消耗/油耗。对此，降低总重量起着重要的作用，因为车辆的质量(车重)直接影响消耗/油耗。所使用的材料起着决定性作用，因为它们不仅对于构件重量而且还对于构件刚性有贡献。最近时期，纤维增强塑料进入到车辆制造当中。在这些材料中，在由环氧树脂构成的塑料基质内埋置有增强纤维。在车辆制造中作为结构构件使用的大型纤维增强塑料构件是由多个单体预成形坯一次集中(ineinemSchuss)制成的。这种预成形坯是干燥的纤维垫，这些纤维垫在先前的成型工序中被剪裁成接近最终轮廓并被成型为预定的几何结构。为了实现重量优化和脚料减少的生产，而需要具有不同壁厚和分层构造的各种不同预成形坯。在后续的工艺步骤中用构成基质的塑料或树脂浸润所述预成形坯，例如在树脂传递模塑成型模具(Resin-Transfer-Molding-Werkzeug)中。由于是一次集中地加工制造相连的构件设置系统，所以需要实施预成形坯搭接。
由现有技术已知的是，例如在车辆侧框的总成组件中，在A柱接靠于顶框上的区域内产生一种单重相交的(ein-schnittig)预成形坯搭接。
由于这种在一侧的或单重相交的预成形坯搭接之故，相应地只能将限定的力从一个构件传递到另一构件上。在这些位置，仅仅通过纯树脂进行力传递，这便导致了在总成组件侧框内的预成形坯搭接处产生薄弱点。
为了克服这些薄弱点，在现有技术中试图在预成形坯搭接的区域内增加搭接长度。然而单重相交的或者说在一侧的预成形坯搭接带来下述缺点：需要大幅度的S-弯节(S-Schlag)，该弯节导致构件很大的功能丧失。
发明内容
从上述现有技术出发，本发明的目的是提供一种简化的构件设置系统，借其克服现有技术的缺点。另外，本发明的一个特别的目的是提供一种构件设置系统，该构件设置系统在两构件的连接区域内体现出机械特性值高的特点。
此目的通过具有独立权利要求1所述特征的构件设置系统得以实现。从属权利要求说明了本发明的一些有益的实施方式。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出一种构件设置系统，其包括第一和第二构件，其中至少一个构件具有多个预成形坯。此外，在两构件的连接区域内，第二构件的任一预成形坯由第一构件的多个预成形坯搭接。于是，代替单重相交的预成形坯搭接，产生了一种两重或多重相交的(zwei-odermehrschnittig)预成形坯搭接，由此增大了搭接面(搭接面积)，亦即一个构件的预成形坯与第二构件的预成形坯接触的面(面积)。这一点改善了构件设置系统的机械特性值，使得该构件设置系统可以承受更高的作用力。
此外，所述构件可以构造成纤维增强构件，具有由热固性或热塑性材料构成的基质，在该基质中埋置有由碳、玻璃、芳族聚酰胺和/或玄武岩构成的增强纤维。
另外，所述构件可以是用于车辆的结构构件，这些结构构件由多个预成形坯构成。本发明的意义下的结构构件尤其可以是纵梁、A柱增强件、B柱增强件、C柱增强件、D柱增强件、顶篷弓形架、侧框内侧或外侧的环托架、端壁、槽道(Tunnel)、底板和/或侧槛的增强件。
在本发明的第一实施方式中，第一构件为车辆的A柱，而第二构件为车辆的顶框。这些构件中的每一个都可以由一个或多个预成形坯构成。
此外，A柱可以构造成两件式的，具有内壳板和外壳板，其中每个壳板包括至少两个预成形坯。由此，该A柱具有一种四层的构造，通过这种构造可以实现在搭接部段内大的接触面。通过将A柱分为两个或多个单体的预成形坯，可以这样地减小这些单体的预成形坯的壁厚：使得分开的预成形坯的壁厚总和与按照现有技术以仅仅一个单重相交式搭接固定在顶框上的一预成形坯的壁厚大致相当。
另外，顶框可以构造成多件式的并且至少具有一个内壳板和一个外壳板。这些壳板中的每一个又都可以再具有一个或多个预成形坯，这些预成形坯可以在搭接部段内与A柱的预成形坯相接触。
附图说明
下文将借助针对附图的说明详细地阐释本发明。权利要求书、附图和说明书包含了大量的特征，下文结合本发明的示例性说明的实施方式对这些特征进行阐述。本领域技术人员也可对这些特征单独考虑和按照别的组合方式来考虑，以构成其他一些匹配于本发明相应应用的实施方式。
在示意图中示出：
图1为侧框的侧视图；
图2为按照现有技术的由图1沿着剖切线A-A的剖视图，和
图3为按照本发明的依图1所示剖切线A-A的剖视图。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出了一个侧框的总成组件。在此，几何结构应该仅仅具有代表性示意的性质，而并不限制本发明。在前部的车辆区域中，如图1中在左侧所示，侧框10具有一个A柱，该A柱在其上端部与顶框12连接。
如在图2中所示，该连接是根据现有技术构造设计的。A柱构造成双壳式的，具有一个外壳板11a和一个内壳板11i。顶框12同样构造成双壳式的，具有一个外壳板12a和一个内壳板12i。所有壳板均由纤维增强塑料材料构成。在连接区域V内，各个壳板元件相互搭接，它们在一个接触面上相接触。
在图3中示出了与之区别开来的本发明。如从中可以看出的那样，A柱11同样构造成双壳式的，具有一个外壳板和一个内壳板。外壳板则又由两个预成形坯11a1和11a2构成。内壳板同样包括两个预成形坯11i1和11i2。顶框12在此也构造成双壳式的，具有一个外壳板12a和一个内壳板12i，它们分别由一个预成形坯构成。在连接区域V内，A柱11的预成形坯局部地搭接顶框12的预成形坯。如从中可以看出的那样，A柱的外壳板的预成形坯11a1和11a2在两侧搭接顶框的外壳板的预成形坯12a。由此，预成形坯12a在其外侧面上与A柱11的预成形坯11a1接触并且在其内侧面上与A柱11的外壳板的预成形坯11a2相接触。从而，与单重相交式连接相比，在两侧、从后面交接(hinterschnittig)连接的情况中，接触面是两倍那么大。与此类似，A柱11的内壳板的预成形坯11i1和11i2在两侧围抱顶框的内壳板的预成形坯12i。如从图3中可以看出的那样，A柱11的内侧预成形坯11i2较长并且与内侧预成形坯11i1相比在更长的区段上搭接顶框12的内侧预成形坯12i。
原则上，A柱11的预成形坯不必对称地包围顶框12的预成形坯，而是可以在一侧上具有比在另一侧上更大的接触面，如其在图3中示例性地和代表性地通过预成形坯11i1和11i2示出的那样。通过本发明，可以显著降低在搭接部段或者说连接部段内薄弱点的危险。此外，还显著降低了在这种连接位置处的几何/结构刚度突变。

Claims (6)

1.构件设置系统，包括第一构件(11)和第二构件(12)，其中至少一个构件(11)具有多个预成形坯(11i1，11i2，11a1，11a2)，其特征在于：在两个构件(11，12)的连接区域(V)内，第二构件(12)的任一预成形坯由第一构件(11)的多个预成形坯(11i1，11i2，11a1，11a2)搭接。
2.如权利要求1所述的构件设置系统，其特征在于：所述构件(11，12)为纤维增强构件，具有由热固性或热塑性材料构成的基质，在该基质中埋置有由碳、玻璃、芳族聚酰胺和/或玄武岩构成的增强纤维。
3.如权利要求1或2之任一项所述的构件设置系统，其特征在于：所述构件(11，12)为用于车辆的结构构件。
4.如前述权利要求之任一项所述的构件设置系统，其特征在于：第一构件(11)为车辆的A柱并且第二构件(12)为车辆的顶框。
5.如前述权利要求之任一项所述的构件设置系统，其特征在于：A柱构造成两件式的，具有内壳板(11i)和外壳板(11a)，其中每个壳板(11a，11i)包括至少两个预成形坯(11i1，11i2，11a1，11a2)。
6.如前述权利要求之任一项所述的构件设置系统，其特征在于：顶框(12)构造成多件式的并且至少具有一个内壳板12i和一个外壳板12a。
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