CN105461876A - 一种汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105461876A
CN105461876A CN201510988709.1A CN201510988709A CN105461876A CN 105461876 A CN105461876 A CN 105461876A CN 201510988709 A CN201510988709 A CN 201510988709A CN 105461876 A CN105461876 A CN 105461876A
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倪协照
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法，其由聚醚二元醇、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸、三羟甲基丙烷、过氧化二异丙苯、环氧树脂、间苯二胺、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、γ―氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、氢氧化镁、三氧化二锑、硫代二丙酸双酯、二元醇、己二酸、硅酸镁锂、硅胶粉、氧化铬粉、瓷土、芳纶浆粕、磷酸锌等原料制成。本发明添加的环氧树脂与聚氨酯形成的互穿网络结构在受到冲击时可以使应力传递到整个胶体,起到分散应力的作用,提高胶体的抗冲击力，添加的氢氧化镁、三氧化二锑具有很好的阻燃效果，增强粘胶剂的抗高温性能，添加的填料经过偶联剂改性，大大增强了其物理性能，提高了粘度，而且本发明环保无毒，符合人们的要求。

Description

一种汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种胶粘剂，具体地说是涉及一种汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
汽车内部装饰大多使用人造革、聚氨醋泡沫塑料、塑料壁纸、乳胶海绵、人造地毯、布、丝绒和木材等材料,增加车内美观。例如顶蓬、地毯、门板、仪表盘等。目前在国内汽车内饰大多还是使用易燃、有毒、污染环境的溶剂型胶粘剂,如氯丁胶胶粘剂。溶剂型胶粘剂不仅造成资源严重浪费,严重污染环境,而且对施工人员的健康造成很大威胁。使用溶剂型胶粘剂装饰的汽车,在很长一段时间内溶剂不断地缓慢释放出来,使司乘人员受到伤害,汽车质量也受到影响。而水基胶粘剂由于以水为溶剂,不含有毒溶剂。因此近年来在汽车工业上,水基胶粘剂正在取代传统的溶剂型粘合剂,开始用于汽车内饰,并且增长速度很快。
目前世界上汽车顶棚内衬水性胶粘剂的比例已超过1/3。在我国随着经济的持续高速发展,汽车进人家庭步伐的加快,汽车车内环境污染问题也越来越引起人们的关注。车内各种污染物严重超标，而这些污染主要来源于胶粘剂,尤其是车内空间较室内更为狭小,其危害将更大。目前,车内空气污染问题已引起社会各界与政府有关部门的广泛重视。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法。
为达到上述目的，本发明所采取的技术方案为：
一种汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂，由下列重量份的原料配制而成：聚醚二元醇120-130、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸30-40、三羟甲基丙烷8-10、过氧化二异丙苯5-8、环氧树脂15-20、间苯二胺3-4、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚2-4、γ―氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷5-7、氢氧化镁4-6、三氧化二锑2-3、硫代二丙酸双酯4-5、二元醇7-9、己二酸4-6、硅酸镁锂8-12、硅胶粉7-10、氧化铬粉4-7、瓷土3-6、芳纶浆粕6-8、磷酸锌7-9、乙醇10-15。
一种汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将称量好的聚醚二元醇加入反应釜中，搅拌并加热至110-120℃左右，在真空度为-0.07—0.09Mpa的条件下脱水l-2h，然后降温至45-50℃后加入2,4-甲苯二异氰酸，再缓慢升温至70-75℃左右，保温并匀速搅拌3-4h，即得到聚氨酯预聚体；
（2）将硅酸镁锂、硅胶粉、氧化铬粉、瓷土、芳纶浆粕和磷酸锌等填料磨碎后混合均匀，将偶联剂γ―氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷溶于乙醇中，使之发生水解，然后按混合填料质量的5%加入混合物中，经超声振荡20-30min混合均匀后至于烘箱升温100-120℃烘干，得到改性填料，备用；
（3）将得到的聚氨酯预聚体、三羟甲基丙烷、过氧化二异丙苯、环氧树脂和间苯二胺搅拌混合均匀，然后再加入改性填料、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、氢氧化镁、三氧化二锑、硫代二丙酸双酯、二元醇、己二酸等原料，在70℃下超声分散均匀,真空脱泡30-40min后即得。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明添加的环氧树脂与聚氨酯形成的互穿网络结构在受到冲击时可以使应力传递到整个胶体,起到分散应力的作用,提高胶体的抗冲击力，添加的氢氧化镁、三氧化二锑具有很好的阻燃效果，增强粘胶剂的抗高温性能，添加的填料经过偶联剂改性，大大增强了其物理性能，提高了粘度，而且本发明环保无毒，符合人们的要求。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明所述技术方案作进一步的说明。
实施例1：
一种汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂，由下列重量份（kg）的原料配制而成：聚醚二元醇120、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸30、三羟甲基丙烷8、过氧化二异丙苯5、环氧树脂15、间苯二胺3、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚2、γ―氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷5、氢氧化镁4、三氧化二锑2、硫代二丙酸双酯4、二元醇7、己二酸4、硅酸镁锂8、硅胶粉7、氧化铬粉4、瓷土3、芳纶浆粕6、磷酸锌7、乙醇10。
一种汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将称量好的聚醚二元醇加入反应釜中，搅拌并加热至110-120℃左右，在真空度为-0.07—0.09Mpa的条件下脱水l-2h，然后降温至45-50℃后加入2,4-甲苯二异氰酸，再缓慢升温至70-75℃左右，保温并匀速搅拌3-4h，即得到聚氨酯预聚体；
（2）将硅酸镁锂、硅胶粉、氧化铬粉、瓷土、芳纶浆粕和磷酸锌等填料磨碎后混合均匀，将偶联剂γ―氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷溶于乙醇中，使之发生水解，然后按混合填料质量的5%加入混合物中，经超声振荡20-30min混合均匀后至于烘箱升温100-120℃烘干，得到改性填料，备用；
（3）将得到的聚氨酯预聚体、三羟甲基丙烷、过氧化二异丙苯、环氧树脂和间苯二胺搅拌混合均匀，然后再加入改性填料、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、氢氧化镁、三氧化二锑、硫代二丙酸双酯、二元醇、己二酸等原料，在70℃下超声分散均匀,真空脱泡30-40min后即得。
实施例2：
一种汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂，由下列重量份（kg）的原料配制而成：聚醚二元醇125、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸35、三羟甲基丙烷9、过氧化二异丙苯6.5、环氧树脂17.5、间苯二胺3.5、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚3、γ―氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷6、氢氧化镁5、三氧化二锑2.5、硫代二丙酸双酯4.5、二元醇8、己二酸5、硅酸镁锂10、硅胶粉8.5、氧化铬粉5.5、瓷土4.5、芳纶浆粕7、磷酸锌8、乙醇12.5。
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3：
一种汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂，由下列重量份（kg）的原料配制而成：聚醚二元醇130、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸40、三羟甲基丙烷10、过氧化二异丙苯8、环氧树脂20、间苯二胺4、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚4、γ―氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷7、氢氧化镁6、三氧化二锑3、硫代二丙酸双酯5、二元醇9、己二酸6、硅酸镁锂12、硅胶粉10、氧化铬粉7、瓷土6、芳纶浆粕8、磷酸锌9、乙醇15。
制备方法同实施例1。
上述实施例1-3制得的汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂的性能检测结果如下表所示：
表1实施例1-3制得的汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂的性能检测结果
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3
固化速度（温度25℃，湿度50%），h 4.2 4.4 3.8
拉伸剪切强度，Mpa 1.82 1.94 1.75
拉伸强度，Mpa 4.1 3.8 4.4
冲击强度，KJ/m2 12.5 14.2 13.6
浸水后拉伸剪切强度（25℃,24h），Mpa 1.36 1.54 1.28

Claims (2)

1.一种汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料配制而成：聚醚二元醇120-130、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸30-40、三羟甲基丙烷8-10、过氧化二异丙苯5-8、环氧树脂15-20、间苯二胺3-4、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚2-4、γ―氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷5-7、氢氧化镁4-6、三氧化二锑2-3、硫代二丙酸双酯4-5、二元醇7-9、己二酸4-6、硅酸镁锂8-12、硅胶粉7-10、氧化铬粉4-7、瓷土3-6、芳纶浆粕6-8、磷酸锌7-9、乙醇10-15。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车内饰用环保无毒聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）将称量好的聚醚二元醇加入反应釜中，搅拌并加热至110-120℃左右，在真空度为-0.07—0.09Mpa的条件下脱水l-2h，然后降温至45-50℃后加入2,4-甲苯二异氰酸，再缓慢升温至70-75℃左右，保温并匀速搅拌3-4h，即得到聚氨酯预聚体；
（2）将硅酸镁锂、硅胶粉、氧化铬粉、瓷土、芳纶浆粕和磷酸锌等填料磨碎后混合均匀，将偶联剂γ―氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷溶于乙醇中，使之发生水解，然后按混合填料质量的5%加入混合物中，经超声振荡20-30min混合均匀后至于烘箱升温100-120℃烘干，得到改性填料，备用；
（3）将得到的聚氨酯预聚体、三羟甲基丙烷、过氧化二异丙苯、环氧树脂和间苯二胺搅拌混合均匀，然后再加入改性填料、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚、氢氧化镁、三氧化二锑、硫代二丙酸双酯、二元醇、己二酸等原料，在70℃下超声分散均匀,真空脱泡30-40min后即得。
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